EN 60825-1:2014
(Main)Safety of laser products - Part 1: Equipment classification and requirements
Safety of laser products - Part 1: Equipment classification and requirements
IEC 60825-1:2014 is applicable to safety of laser products emitting laser radiation in the wavelength range 180 nm to 1 mm. A laser product may consist of a single laser with or without a separate power supply or may incorporate one or more lasers in a complex optical, electrical, or mechanical system. Typically, laser products are used for demonstration of physical and optical phenomena, materials processing, data reading and storage, transmission and display of information, etc. Such systems have found use in industry, business, entertainment, research, education, medicine and consumer products. Laser products that are sold to other manufacturers for use as components of any system for subsequent sale are not subject to IEC 60825-1, since the final product will itself be subject to this standard. Laser products that are sold by or for manufacturers of end products for use as repair parts for the end products are also not subject to IEC 60825-1. However, if the laser system within the laser product is operable when removed from the end product, the requirements of this Part 1 apply to the removable laser system. The objectives of this part of IEC 60825 are: - to introduce a system of classification of lasers and laser products emitting radiation in the wavelength range 180 nm to 1 mm according to their degree of optical radiation hazard in order to aid hazard evaluation and to aid the determination of user control measures; - to establish requirements for the manufacturer to supply information so that proper precautions can be adopted; - to ensure, through labels and instructions, adequate warning to individuals of hazards associated with accessible radiation from laser products; and - to reduce the possibility of injury by minimizing unnecessary accessible radiation and to give improved control of the laser radiation hazards through protective features. This edition includes the following significant technical changes with respect to the previous edition: - a new class, Class 1C, was introduced; - the measurement condition 2 ("eye loupe" condition) was removed; - a classification of the emission of laser products below a certain radiance level that are intended to be used as replacement for conventional light sources can, as an option, be based on the IEC 62471 series; - and the accessible emission limits (AELs) for Class 1, 1M, 2, 2M and 3R of pulsed sources, particularly of pulsed extended sources, were updated to reflect the latest revision of the ICNIRP guidelines on exposure limits (accepted for publication in Health Physics Journal 2013, see also www.icnirp.org).
Sicherheit von Lasereinrichtungen - Teil 1: Klassifizierung von Anlagen und Anforderungen
Sécurité des appareils à laser - Partie 1: Classification des matériels et exigences
L'IEC 60825-1:2014 s'applique à la sécurité des appareils à laser émettant un rayonnement laser dans la gamme des longueurs d'ondes de 180 nm à 1 mm. Un appareil à laser peut se composer d'un seul laser avec ou sans dispositif d'alimentation séparé, ou bien il peut comporter un ou plusieurs lasers dans un système complexe optique, électrique ou mécanique. Les appareils à laser sont généralement utilisés pour la démonstration des phénomènes physiques et optiques, le travail des matériaux, la lecture et le stockage des données, la transmission et la visualisation de l'information, etc. De tels systèmes sont utilisés dans l'industrie, le commerce, le spectacle, la recherche, l'enseignement, la médecine et les produits de consommation. Les appareils à laser qui sont vendus à d'autres fabricants pour être utilisés en tant que composants d'un matériel quelconque destiné à une vente ultérieure ne sont pas soumis à l'IEC 60825-1, étant donné que l'appareil final est lui-même soumis à la présente norme. Les appareils à laser qui sont vendus par des fabricants ou à d'autres fabricants de produits finis, pour être utilisés en tant que pièces de rechange pour les produits finis ne sont pas couverts par l'IEC 60825-1. Cependant, si le système à laser dans l'appareil à laser est utilisable lorsqu'il est ôté de cet appareil, les exigences de la présente Partie 1 s'appliquent à ce système à laser amovible. La présente partie de l'IEC 60825 répond aux objectifs suivants: - introduire un système de classification des lasers et des appareils à laser émettant un rayonnement dans la gamme des longueurs d'ondes de 180 nm à 1 mm, selon leur degré de danger de rayonnement optique, afin de faciliter l'évaluation des dangers et la détermination des mesures de contrôle des utilisateurs; - établir des exigences pour que le fabricant fournisse des informations, de telle sorte que des précautions adéquates puissent être adoptées; - assurer aux personnes, par des étiquetages et des instructions, une mise en garde appropriée contre les dangers associés au rayonnement accessible des appareils à laser; - et diminuer la possibilité d'accident en réduisant au minimum le rayonnement accessible non utile, et procurer un meilleur contrôle des dangers liés au rayonnement laser par des procédures de protection. Cette troisième édition de l'IEC 60825-1 annule et remplace la deuxième édition publiée en 2007. Elle constitue une révision technique. Cette édition inclut les modifications techniques majeures suivantes par rapport à l'édition précédente: - une nouvelle classe, Classe 1C, a été introduite; - la condition de mesure 2 (condition "loupe") a été supprimée; - la classification de l'émission des appareils à laser en deçà d'un certain niveau de radiance qui sont prévus pour être utilisés en remplacement des sources de lumière conventionnelles peut éventuellement se faire sur la base de la série IEC 62471; - et les limites d'émission accessible (LEA) des classes 1, 1M, 2, 2M et 3R concernant les lasers à impulsions, essentiellement les sources étendues, ont été actualisées pour prendre en compte la dernière révision des recommandations de l'ICNIRP (document accepté pour publication dans le journal Health Physics en 2013, voir également www.icnirp.org).
Varnost laserskih izdelkov - 1. del: Klasifikacija opreme in zahteve (IEC 60825-1:2014)
Standard EN IEC 60825-1 se uporablja za varnost laserskih izdelkov, ki oddajajo lasersko sevanje v razponu valovnih dolžin od 180 nm do 1 mm. Čeprav obstajajo laserji, ki sevanje oddajajo pri valovnih dolžinah pod 180 nm (znotraj vakuumskih ultravijoličnih valovnih dolžin), takih laserjev področje uporabe tega standarda ne zajema, ker mora biti laserski žarek običajno zaprt v izpraznjeni komori, zato so morebitne nevarnosti zaradi optičnega sevanja minimalne. Laserski izdelek lahko zajema en sam laser z ločenim napajanjem ali brez njega ali pa lahko združuje enega ali več laserjev v kompleksnem optičnem, električnem ali mehanskem sistemu. Običajno se laserski izdelki uporabljajo za prikaz fizikalnih in optičnih pojavov, obdelavo materialov, branje ter skladiščenje podatkov, prenos in prikaz informacij itd. Taki sistemi se uporabljajo v industriji, poslovnem svetu, zabavi, raziskavah, izobraževanju, medicini in potrošniških izdelkih. Za laserske izdelke, ki se prodajajo drugim proizvajalcem kot komponente katerega koli sistema za poznejšo prodajo, standard IEC 60825-1 ne velja, saj se bo zadevni standard uporabljal za končni izdelek. Za laserske izdelke, ki jih proizvajalci končnih izdelkov prodajajo za uporabo kot rezervne dele za končne izdelke ali se prodajajo za te proizvajalce, se standard IEC 60825-1 prav tako ne uporablja. Vendar se zahteve 1. dela uporabljajo za odstranljivi laserski sistem, če je laserski sistem znotraj laserskega izdelka delujoč, ko se odstrani iz končnega izdelka.
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SLOVENSKI STANDARD
01-oktober-2014
1DGRPHãþD
SIST EN 60825-1:2009
Varnost laserskih izdelkov - 1. del: Klasifikacija opreme in zahteve (IEC 60825-
1:2014)
Safety of laser products - Part 1: Equipment classification and requirements
Sicherheit von Lasereinrichtungen - Teil 1: Klassifizierung von Anlagen und
Anforderungen
Sécurité des appareils à laser - Partie 1: Classification des matériels et exigences
Ta slovenski standard je istoveten z: EN 60825-1:2014
ICS:
13.280 Varstvo pred sevanjem Radiation protection
31.260 Optoelektronika, laserska Optoelectronics. Laser
oprema equipment
2003-01.Slovenski inštitut za standardizacijo. Razmnoževanje celote ali delov tega standarda ni dovoljeno.
EUROPEAN STANDARD EN 60825-1
NORME EUROPÉENNE
EUROPÄISCHE NORM
August 2014
ICS 13.110; 31.260 Supersedes EN 60825-1:2007
English Version
Safety of laser products - Part 1: Equipment classification and
requirements
(IEC 60825-1:2014)
Sécurité des appareils à laser - Partie 1: Classification des Sicherheit von Lasereinrichtungen - Teil 1: Klassifizierung
matériels et exigences von Anlagen und Anforderungen
(CEI 60825-1:2014) (IEC 60825-1:2014)
This European Standard was approved by CENELEC on 2014-06-19. CENELEC members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC
Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this European Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration.
Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references concerning such national standards may be obtained on application to the CEN-CENELEC
Management Centre or to any CENELEC member.
This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by translation
under the responsibility of a CENELEC member into its own language and notified to the CEN-CENELEC Management Centre has the
same status as the official versions.
CENELEC members are the national electrotechnical committees of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, the Czech Republic,
Denmark, Estonia, Finland, Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia,
Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, the Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland,
Turkey and the United Kingdom.
European Committee for Electrotechnical Standardization
Comité Européen de Normalisation Electrotechnique
Europäisches Komitee für Elektrotechnische Normung
CEN-CENELEC Management Centre: Avenue Marnix 17, B-1000 Brussels
© 2014 CENELEC All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved worldwide for CENELEC Members.
Ref. No. EN 60825-1:2014 E
Foreword
The text of document 76/502/FDIS, future edition 3 of IEC 60825-1, prepared by IEC/TC 76 "Optical
radiation safety and laser equipment" was submitted to the IEC-CENELEC parallel vote and approved
by CENELEC as EN 60825-1:2014.
The following dates are fixed:
– latest date by which the document has to be implemented at (dop) 2015-03-19
national level by publication of an identical national
standard or by endorsement
– latest date by which the national standards conflicting with (dow) 2017-06-19
the document have to be withdrawn
This document supersedes EN 60825-1:2007.
Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of
patent rights. CENELEC [and/or CEN] shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such
patent rights.
Endorsement notice
The text of the International Standard IEC 60825-1:2014 was approved by CENELEC as a European
Standard without any modification.
IEC 60027-1 NOTE Harmonised in EN 60027-1.
IEC 60065 NOTE Harmonised as EN 60065.
IEC 60079 (Series) NOTE Harmonised as EN 60079 (Series).
IEC 60204-1 NOTE Harmonised as EN 60204-1.
IEC 60601-2-22 NOTE Harmonised as EN 60601-2-22.
IEC 60825-2 NOTE Harmonised as EN 60825-2.
IEC 60825-4 NOTE Harmonised as EN 60825-4.
IEC 60825-12 NOTE Harmonised as EN 60825-12.
IEC 60950 (Series) NOTE Harmonised as EN 60950 (Series).
IEC 61010-1 NOTE Harmonised as EN 61010-1.
IEC 61508 (Series) NOTE Harmonised as EN 61508 (Series).
IEC 62115 NOTE Harmonised as EN 62115.
IEC 62368-1 NOTE Harmonised as EN 62368-1.
IEC/ISO 11553 (Series) NOTE Harmonised as EN ISO 11553 (Series).
ISO 11146-1 NOTE Harmonised as EN ISO 11146-1.
ISO 12100 NOTE Harmonised as EN ISO 12100.
ISO 13694 NOTE Harmonised as EN ISO 13694.
ISO 13849 (Series) NOTE Harmonised as EN ISO 13849 (Series).
ISO 15004-2:2007 NOTE Harmonised as EN ISO 15004-2:2007.
ISO 80000-1 NOTE Harmonised as EN ISO 80000-1.
- 3 - EN 60825-1:2014
Annex ZA
(normative)
Normative references to international publications
with their corresponding European publications
The following documents, in whole or in part, are normatively referenced in this document and are
indispensable for its application. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated
references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies.
NOTE 1 When an International Publication has been modified by common modifications, indicated by (mod), the relevant
EN/HD applies.
NOTE 2 Up-to-date information on the latest versions of the European Standards listed in this annex is available here:
www.cenelec.eu.
Publication Year Title EN/HD Year
IEC 60050 series International Electrotechnical Vocabulary - series
IEC 62471 (mod) - Photobiological safety of lamps and lamp EN 62471 -
systems
IEC 60825-1 ®
Edition 3.0 2014-05
INTERNATIONAL
STANDARD
NORME
INTERNATIONALE
colour
inside
GROUP SAFETY PUBLICATION
PUBLICATION GROUPÉE DE SÉCURITÉ
Safety of laser products –
Part 1: Equipment classification and requirements
Sécurité des appareils à laser –
Partie 1: Classification des matériels et exigences
INTERNATIONAL
ELECTROTECHNICAL
COMMISSION
COMMISSION
ELECTROTECHNIQUE
PRICE CODE
INTERNATIONALE
CODE PRIX XE
ICS 13.110; 31.260 ISBN 978-2-8322-1499-2
– 2 – IEC 60825-1:2014 IEC 2014
CONTENTS
FOREWORD . 6
1 Scope and object . 8
2 Normative references . 10
3 Terms and definitions . 10
4 Classification principles . 24
4.1 General . 24
4.2 Classification responsibilities . 24
4.3 Classification rules . 24
4.4 Laser products designed to function as conventional lamps . 29
5 Determination of the accessible emission level and product classification . 29
5.1 Tests . 29
5.2 Measurement of laser radiation . 30
5.3 Determination of the class of the laser product. 31
5.4 Measurement geometry. 40
5.4.1 General . 40
5.4.2 Default (simplified) evaluation . 41
5.4.3 Evaluation condition for extended sources . 42
6 Engineering specifications . 44
6.1 General remarks and modifications . 44
6.2 Protective housing . 44
6.2.1 General . 44
6.2.2 Service . 45
6.2.3 Removable laser system . 45
6.3 Access panels and safety interlocks . 45
6.4 Remote interlock connector . 46
6.5 Manual reset . 46
6.6 Key control . 46
6.7 Laser radiation emission warning . 47
6.8 Beam stop or attenuator . 47
6.9 Controls . 47
6.10 Viewing optics . 47
6.11 Scanning safeguard . 47
6.12 Safeguard for Class 1C products . 48
6.13 "Walk-in" access . 48
6.14 Environmental conditions . 48
6.15 Protection against other hazards . 48
6.15.1 Non-optical hazards . 48
6.15.2 Collateral radiation . 49
6.16 Power limiting circuit . 49
7 Labelling . 49
7.1 General . 49
7.2 Class 1 and Class 1M . 51
7.3 Class 1C . 52
7.4 Class 2 and Class 2M . 53
7.5 Class 3R . 53
7.6 Class 3B . 54
IEC 60825-1:2014 IEC 2014 – 3 –
7.7 Class 4 . 54
7.8 Aperture label . 55
7.9 Radiation output and standards information . 55
7.10 Labels for access panels . 56
7.10.1 Labels for panels . 56
7.10.2 Labels for safety interlocked panels . 57
7.11 Warning for invisible laser radiation . 57
7.12 Warning for visible laser radiation . 57
7.13 Warning for potential hazard to the skin or anterior parts of the eye . 57
8 Other informational requirements . 58
8.1 Information for the user . 58
8.2 Purchasing and servicing information . 59
9 Additional requirements for specific laser products . 60
9.1 Other parts of the standard series IEC 60825. 60
9.2 Medical laser products . 60
9.3 Laser processing machines . 60
9.4 Electric toys . 60
9.5 Consumer electronic products . 60
Annex A (informative) Maximum permissible exposure values . 61
A.1 General remarks . 61
A.2 Limiting apertures . 66
A.3 Repetitively pulsed or modulated lasers . 67
A.4 Measurement conditions .
...
SLOVENSKI STANDARD
01-oktober-2014
Nadomešča:
SIST EN 60825-1:2009
Varnost laserskih izdelkov - 1. del: Klasifikacija opreme in zahteve (IEC 60825-
1:2014)
Safety of laser products - Part 1: Equipment classification and requirements
Sicherheit von Lasereinrichtungen - Teil 1: Klassifizierung von Anlagen und
Anforderungen
Sécurité des appareils à laser - Partie 1: Classification des matériels et exigences
Ta slovenski standard je istoveten z: EN 60825-1:2014
ICS:
13.280 Varstvo pred sevanjem Radiation protection
31.260 Optoelektronika, laserska Optoelectronics. Laser
oprema equipment
2003-01.Slovenski inštitut za standardizacijo. Razmnoževanje celote ali delov tega standarda ni dovoljeno.
EUROPEAN STANDARD EN 60825-1
NORME EUROPÉENNE
EUROPÄISCHE NORM
August 2014
ICS 13.110; 31.260 Supersedes EN 60825-1:2007
English Version
Safety of laser products - Part 1: Equipment classification and
requirements
(IEC 60825-1:2014)
Sécurité des appareils à laser - Partie 1: Classification des Sicherheit von Lasereinrichtungen - Teil 1: Klassifizierung
matériels et exigences von Anlagen und Anforderungen
(CEI 60825-1:2014) (IEC 60825-1:2014)
This European Standard was approved by CENELEC on 2014-06-19. CENELEC members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC
Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this European Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration.
Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references concerning such national standards may be obtained on application to the CEN-CENELEC
Management Centre or to any CENELEC member.
This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by translation
under the responsibility of a CENELEC member into its own language and notified to the CEN-CENELEC Management Centre has the
same status as the official versions.
CENELEC members are the national electrotechnical committees of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, the Czech Republic,
Denmark, Estonia, Finland, Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia,
Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, the Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland,
Turkey and the United Kingdom.
European Committee for Electrotechnical Standardization
Comité Européen de Normalisation Electrotechnique
Europäisches Komitee für Elektrotechnische Normung
CEN-CENELEC Management Centre: Avenue Marnix 17, B-1000 Brussels
© 2014 CENELEC All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved worldwide for CENELEC Members.
Ref. No. EN 60825-1:2014 E
Foreword
The text of document 76/502/FDIS, future edition 3 of IEC 60825-1, prepared by IEC/TC 76 "Optical
radiation safety and laser equipment" was submitted to the IEC-CENELEC parallel vote and approved
by CENELEC as EN 60825-1:2014.
The following dates are fixed:
– latest date by which the document has to be implemented at (dop) 2015-03-19
national level by publication of an identical national
standard or by endorsement
– latest date by which the national standards conflicting with (dow) 2017-06-19
the document have to be withdrawn
This document supersedes EN 60825-1:2007.
Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of
patent rights. CENELEC [and/or CEN] shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such
patent rights.
Endorsement notice
The text of the International Standard IEC 60825-1:2014 was approved by CENELEC as a European
Standard without any modification.
IEC 60027-1 NOTE Harmonised in EN 60027-1.
IEC 60065 NOTE Harmonised as EN 60065.
IEC 60079 (Series) NOTE Harmonised as EN 60079 (Series).
IEC 60204-1 NOTE Harmonised as EN 60204-1.
IEC 60601-2-22 NOTE Harmonised as EN 60601-2-22.
IEC 60825-2 NOTE Harmonised as EN 60825-2.
IEC 60825-4 NOTE Harmonised as EN 60825-4.
IEC 60825-12 NOTE Harmonised as EN 60825-12.
IEC 60950 (Series) NOTE Harmonised as EN 60950 (Series).
IEC 61010-1 NOTE Harmonised as EN 61010-1.
IEC 61508 (Series) NOTE Harmonised as EN 61508 (Series).
IEC 62115 NOTE Harmonised as EN 62115.
IEC 62368-1 NOTE Harmonised as EN 62368-1.
IEC/ISO 11553 (Series) NOTE Harmonised as EN ISO 11553 (Series).
ISO 11146-1 NOTE Harmonised as EN ISO 11146-1.
ISO 12100 NOTE Harmonised as EN ISO 12100.
ISO 13694 NOTE Harmonised as EN ISO 13694.
ISO 13849 (Series) NOTE Harmonised as EN ISO 13849 (Series).
ISO 15004-2:2007 NOTE Harmonised as EN ISO 15004-2:2007.
ISO 80000-1 NOTE Harmonised as EN ISO 80000-1.
- 3 - EN 60825-1:2014
Annex ZA
(normative)
Normative references to international publications
with their corresponding European publications
The following documents, in whole or in part, are normatively referenced in this document and are
indispensable for its application. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated
references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies.
NOTE 1 When an International Publication has been modified by common modifications, indicated by (mod), the relevant
EN/HD applies.
NOTE 2 Up-to-date information on the latest versions of the European Standards listed in this annex is available here:
www.cenelec.eu.
Publication Year Title EN/HD Year
IEC 60050 series International Electrotechnical Vocabulary - series
IEC 62471 (mod) - Photobiological safety of lamps and lamp EN 62471 -
systems
IEC 60825-1 ®
Edition 3.0 2014-05
INTERNATIONAL
STANDARD
NORME
INTERNATIONALE
colour
inside
GROUP SAFETY PUBLICATION
PUBLICATION GROUPÉE DE SÉCURITÉ
Safety of laser products –
Part 1: Equipment classification and requirements
Sécurité des appareils à laser –
Partie 1: Classification des matériels et exigences
INTERNATIONAL
ELECTROTECHNICAL
COMMISSION
COMMISSION
ELECTROTECHNIQUE
PRICE CODE
INTERNATIONALE
CODE PRIX XE
ICS 13.110; 31.260 ISBN 978-2-8322-1499-2
IEC 60825-1:2014/ISH1:2017 – 1 –
IEC 2017
INTERNATIONAL ELECTROTECHNICAL COMMISSION
____________
IEC 60825-1
Edition 3.0 2014-05
SAFETY OF LASER PRODUCTS –
Part 1: Equipment classification and requirements
INTERPRETATION SHEET 1
This interpretation sheet has been prepared by IEC technical committee 76: Optical radiation
safety and laser equipment.
The text of this interpretation sheet is based on the following documents:
FDIS Report on voting
76/587/FDIS 76/593/RVD
Full information on the voting for the approval of this interpretation sheet can be found in the
report on voting indicated in the above table.
IMPORTANT – The 'colour inside' logo on the cover page of this publication indicates
that it contains colours which are considered to be useful for the correct
understanding of its contents. Users should therefore print this document using a
colour printer.
___________
Subclause 4.3 Classification rules
This subclause is clarified by the following:
Introduction
For some complex extended sources or irregular temporal emissions, the application of the
rules of subclause 4.3 may require clarification because of changes from IEC 60825-1:2007.
NOTE 1 For the purpose of this interpretation sheet, the abbreviation “AE” is used for “accessible emission”.
NOTE 2 The clarifications also apply in an equivalent way to MPE analysis, i.e. for Annex A.
ICS 13.110; 31.260
IEC 60825-1:2014-05/ISH1:2017-12(en-fr)
– 2 – IEC 60825-1:2014/ISH1:2017
IEC 2017
1 Subclause 4.3 b) Radiation of multiple wavelengths
See IEC 60825-1:2014/ISH2.
2 Subclause 4.3 c) Radiation from extended sources
When using the default (simplified) evaluation method (subclause 5.4.2) for wavelengths
≥ 400 nm and < 1 400 nm, the angle of acceptance may be limited to 100 mrad for
determining the accessible emission to be compared against the accessible emission limit,
except in the wavelength range 400 nm to 600 nm for durations longer than 100 s where the
circular-cone angle of acceptance is not limited. When evaluating the emissions for
comparison to the Class 3B AELs, the angle of acceptance is not limited.
3 Subclause 4.3 d) Non-uniform, non-circular or multiple apparent sources
In subclause 4.3 d), for comparison with the thermal retinal limits, the requirement to vary the
angle of acceptance in each dimension might appear to contradict the labelling in Figure 1
and Figure 2 of subclause 5.4.3 where the field stop is labelled as circular.
Interpretation
A circular field stop is applicable for circularly symmetric images of the apparent source and
for this case is consistent with the procedure given in subclause 4.3 d). For images of the
apparent source that are not circularly symmetric, the simple example below clarifies the
application of subclause 4.3 d).
A circular field stop with an angular subtense equal to α is, however, applicable for non-
max
circularly symmetric profiles if the analysis performed according to subclause 4.3 d), following
variation of the angle of acceptance in each dimension, results in a solution which is equal to
α in both dimensions.
max
As a general principle, for whatever emission duration t the AEL is determined (such as the
pulse duration, the pulse group duration or the time base for averaging of the power), the
same emission duration t is also used to calculate α (t).
max
The following example demonstrates the method described in subclause 4.3 d) to analyse
irregular or complex images of a source. It is noted that the example is equivalent to the
second part of the example (“Additional Remarks”; 6 mrad spacing instead of 3 mrad) B.9.1 of
IEC TR 60825-14:2004 (however, for 6 mrad element spacing, the result in terms of which
grouping is critical was not correct). The source is a diode array (Figure 1). The task is to
determine the applicable AEL that limits the AE for Class 2. Each diode contributes a partial
accessible emission AE of 1 mW that passes through a 7 mm aperture stop at the distance
where the analysis is performed (i.e. a total power of 20 mW passes through the aperture
stop), and the emission is continuous wave. The analysis requires determination of the most
restrictive (maximum) ratio of AE over AEL by variation of the angle of acceptance in position
and size to achieve different fields of view.
IEC 60825-1:2014/ISH1:2017 – 3 –
IEC 2017
α = γ
x1 x1
6 mrad
α = γ
x2 x2
2,8 mrad
α = γ
α = γ
y2 y2
y1 y1
2,2 mrad
IEC
Figure 1 – Image of a source pattern for the example of 20 emitters. Two possible
groupings are defined by the respective angle of acceptance γ and γ
x y
The analysis of a sub-group of sources is associated with a certain value of α for that group,
and a certain accessible emission associated with that sub-group. For instance α of a single
element equals (1,5 mrad + 2,2 mrad)/2 = 1,85 mrad so that the AEL = 1,23 mW. The
applicable AE = 1 mW and AE/AEL = 1 mW/1,23 mW = 0,8. For a vertical two-element group,
as shown in the figure with γ and γ , α = (2,8 + 2,2)/2 = 2,5 mrad so that AEL = 1,66 mW;
x1 y1
AE = 2 × 1 mW = 2 mW and AE/AEL = 1,2, which is more restrictive than AE/AEL for only one
element. For one row of 10 diodes α = (1,5 + 56,2)/2 = 28,9 mrad, AEL = 19,2 mW, the AE =
10 × 1 mW = 10 mW and AE/AEL = 0,5. Analysis of all possible groupings shows that the
vertical two-element group has the maximum AE/AEL and therefore is the solution of the
analysis. This means that the AEL of Class 2 is exceeded by a factor 1,2. Note that only a
portion of the power of 20 mW that passes through the 7 mm aperture stop is considered as
the AE (2 mW; as partial power within the angle of acceptance that is associated to the part of
the image with the maximum ratio of AE/AEL) that is compared against the AEL. The entire
array represents the highest ratio of AE/AEL in cases where the element spacing is
sufficiently close, e.g. when the contributions of extra elements to the AE are not dominated
by the increased AEL due to the larger subtended angle.
For pulsed emission, for the determination of α according to the above method (4.3 d)) where
the ratio of AE to AEL is maximized, requirement 3) of 4.3 f) is not applied, i.e. the AEL is
single
not reduced by C . Due to the dependence of α on emission duration t, the analysis of the
5 max
image of the apparent source may result in different values of α and of the partial accessible
emission, depending which emission duration is analysed for the requirements of 4.3 f). For
example, for emission durations shorter than 625 µs (α = 5 mrad), the maximum partial
max
array to consider in the image analysis is a vertical two element group.
Ref.: Classification of extended source products according to IEC 60825-1, K. Schulmeister,
ILSC 2015 Proceedings Paper, p 271 – 280; Download:
https://www.filesanywhere.com/fs/v.aspx?v=8b70698a595e75bcaa69
4 Subclause 4.3 f) 3) determination of α
For an analysis of pulsed emission, α , which is a function of time α (t), limits both the
max max
value of α for the determination of C (α) as well as the angle of acceptance γ for the
determination of the accessible emission (see 4.3 c) and d)) and Clause 3 of this
interpretation sheet; in this process, α (t) is determined for the same emission duration t
max
that is used to determine AEL(t) (i.e. the pulse duration or the pulse group duration for
α is
4.3 f) 3) and the averaging duration for 4.3 f) 2), respectively). However, the parameter
also used in subclause 4.3 f) 3) in the criteria which C is applied. For these criteria,
...
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