EN IEC 62282-4-101:2022
(Main)Fuel cell technologies - Part 4-101: Fuel cell power systems for electrically powered industrial trucks - Safety
Fuel cell technologies - Part 4-101: Fuel cell power systems for electrically powered industrial trucks - Safety
This document deals with safety of fuel cell power systems for propulsion other than road vehicles and auxiliary power units (APU). This part of IEC 62282 covers safety requirements for fuel cell power systems intended to be used in electrically powered industrial trucks as defined in ISO 5053-1, except for: - rough-terrain trucks; - non-stacking low-lift straddle carriers; - stacking high-lift straddle carriers; - rough-terrain variable-reach trucks; - slewing rough-terrain variable-reach trucks; - variable-reach container handlers; - pedestrian propelled trucks. This document applies to gaseous hydrogen-fuelled fuel cell power systems and direct methanol fuel cell power systems for electrically powered industrial trucks. The following fuels are considered within the scope of this document: - gaseous hydrogen; - methanol. This document covers the fuel cell power system as defined in 3.8 and Figure 1. This document applies to DC type fuel cell power systems, with a rated output voltage not exceeding 150 V DC for indoor and outdoor use. This document covers fuel cell power systems whose fuel source container is permanently attached to either the industrial truck or the fuel cell power system. In accordance with IEC Guide 116, significant hazards, hazardous situations and events dealt with in this document are shown in Annex B. The following are not included in the scope of this document: - detachable type fuel source containers; - hybrid trucks that include an internal combustion engine; - reformer-equipped fuel cell power systems; - fuel cell power systems intended for operation in potentially explosive atmospheres; - fuel storage systems using liquid hydrogen. [Figure 1]
Brennstoffzellen-Technologien - Teil 4-101: Brennstoffzellen-Energiesysteme für elektrisch betriebene Flurförderzeuge - Sicherheit
Technologies des piles à combustible - Partie 4-101: Systèmes à pile à combustible pour chariots de manutention électriques - Sécurité
IEC 62282-4-101:2022 est disponible sous forme de IEC 62282-4-101:2022 RLV qui contient la Norme internationale et sa version Redline, illustrant les modifications du contenu technique depuis l'édition précédente. L'IEC 62282-4-101:2022 traite des systèmes à piles à combustible pour la propulsion, autres que les véhicules routiers et groupes auxiliaires de puissance (GAP). La présente partie de l’IEC 62282 couvre les exigences de sécurité relatives aux systèmes à pile à combustible destinés à être utilisés sur des chariots de manutention électriques, définies dans l’ISO 5053-1 à l’exception des chariots suivants: chariots tout-terrain; chariots cavaliers élévateurs non gerbeurs; chariots cavaliers élévateurs gerbeurs; chariots tout-terrain à portée variable; chariots tout-terrain rotatifs à portée variable; chariots porte-conteneur à portée variable; chariots à propulsion manuelle. Le présent document s’applique aux systèmes à pile à combustible utilisant de l’hydrogène gazeux et à ceux utilisant du méthanol direct pour les chariots de manutention électriques.Le présent document s’applique aux systèmes à pile à combustible de type à courant continu, d’une tension de sortie assignée d’au maximum 150 V en courant continu pour utilisation à l’intérieur et à l’extérieur. Cette deuxième édition annule et remplace la première édition parue en 2014.Cette édition inclut les modifications techniques majeures suivantes par rapport à l’édition précédente: - révision du titre du présent document; - révision des normes de référence; - ajout de nouveaux paragraphes (4.3, 4.14.5, 4.15.3, 4.15.4, 4.16, 5.6 et 5.23); - renumérotation du paragraphe 4.15 de la version précédente en "4.16 Appréciation du risque et réduction du risque"; - révision de 4.6 3) concernant l’accès au robinet d’arrêt manuel; - révision des exigences relatives aux bornes filetées de la batterie (4.14.10.1); - révision des exigences relatives aux condensateurs à double couche (4.14.10.2); - révision de l’essai de fuites externes (5.5) et de l’essai de résistance à la rupture (5.7); - révision des limites de température des condensateurs dépendant des caractéristiques assignées de tenue en température du matériau (Tableau 3); - révision des marquages non pertinents (Article 7); - ajout d’une nouvelle annexe informative (Annexe B) "Phénomènes dangereux significatifs, situations et événements dangereux traités dans le présent document".
Tehnologije gorivnih celic - 4-101. del: Elektroenergetski sistemi z gorivnimi celicami za električno gnane industrijske kamione - Varnost (IEC 62282-4-101:2022)
Ta del standarda IEC 62282 zajema varnostne zahteve za elektroenergetske sisteme z gorivnimi celicami, namenjenimi za uporabo v električno gnanih industrijskih kamionih, kot je opredeljeno v standardu ISO 5053-1:2020, razen za:
– terenska vozila (3.7);
– nakladalnik za nizko dvigovanje brez zlaganja (3.18);
– nakladalnik za visoko dvigovanje brez zlaganja (3.19);
– terensko vozilo s spremenljivim dosegom (3.21);
– terensko vozilo z vrtljivim mehanizmom za dvigovanje s spremenljivim dosegom (3.22);
– vozilo za delo z zabojniki s spremenljivim dosegom (3.23);
– ročno gnana vozila (3.27, 3.28, 3.29 in 3.30).
Ta dokument se uporablja za elektroenergetske sisteme z gorivnimi celicami na uplinjeni vodik in elektroenergetske sisteme z gorivnimi celicami na metanol za električno gnane industrijske kamione.
Naslednji gorivi spadata na področje uporabe tega dokumenta:
– uplinjeni vodik;
– metanol.
Ta dokument zajema elektroenergetski sistem z gorivnimi celicami, kot je opredeljen v točki 3.8 in na sliki 1.
Ta dokument se uporablja za enosmerne elektroenergetske sisteme z gorivnimi celicami z nazivno izhodno enosmerno napetostjo največ 150 V za uporabo v zaprtih prostorih in na prostem.
Ta dokument zajema elektroenergetske sisteme z gorivnimi celicami, pri katerih je posoda za gorivo trajno pritrjena na industrijski kamion ali elektroenergetski sistem z gorivnimi celicami.
Na področje uporabe tega dokumenta ne spada naslednje:
– posode za gorivo, ki jih je mogoče odstraniti;
– hibridni kamioni, ki imajo motor z notranjim izgorevanjem;
– elektroenergetski sistemi z gorivnimi celicami, opremljeni z reformatorjem;
– elektroenergetski sistemi z gorivnimi celicami, namenjeni za delovanje v potencialno eksplozivnih atmosferah;
– sistemi za shranjevanje goriva, ki uporabljajo tekoči vodik.
General Information
Relations
Standards Content (Sample)
SLOVENSKI STANDARD
01-november-2022
Nadomešča:
SIST EN 62282-4-101:2014
Tehnologije gorivnih celic - 4-101. del: Elektroenergetski sistemi z gorivnimi
celicami za električno gnane industrijske kamione - Varnost (IEC 62282-4-101:2022)
Fuel cell technologies - Part 4-101: Fuel cell power systems for electrically powered
industrial trucks - Safety (IEC 62282-4-101:2022)
Brennstoffzellen-Technologien - Teil 4-101: Brennstoffzellen-Energiesysteme für
elektrisch betriebene Flurförderfahrzeuge - Sicherheit (IEC 62282-4-101:2022)
Technologies des piles à combustible - Partie 4-101: Systèmes à pile à combustible pour
chariots de manutention électriques - Sécurité (IEC 62282-4-101:2022)
Ta slovenski standard je istoveten z: EN IEC 62282-4-101:2022
ICS:
27.070 Gorilne celice Fuel cells
43.080.10 Tovornjaki in priklopniki Trucks and trailers
2003-01.Slovenski inštitut za standardizacijo. Razmnoževanje celote ali delov tega standarda ni dovoljeno.
EUROPEAN STANDARD EN IEC 62282-4-101
NORME EUROPÉENNE
EUROPÄISCHE NORM September 2022
ICS 27.070 Supersedes EN 62282-4-101:2014
English Version
Fuel cell technologies - Part 4-101: Fuel cell power systems for
electrically powered industrial trucks - Safety
(IEC 62282-4-101:2022)
Technologies des piles à combustible - Partie 4-101: Brennstoffzellen-Technologien - Teil 4-101:
Systèmes à pile à combustible pour chariots de Brennstoffzellen-Energiesysteme für elektrisch betriebene
manutention électriques - Sécurité Flurförderfahrzeuge - Sicherheit
(IEC 62282-4-101:2022) (IEC 62282-4-101:2022)
This European Standard was approved by CENELEC on 2022-09-15. CENELEC members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC
Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this European Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration.
Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references concerning such national standards may be obtained on application to the CEN-CENELEC
Management Centre or to any CENELEC member.
This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by translation
under the responsibility of a CENELEC member into its own language and notified to the CEN-CENELEC Management Centre has the
same status as the official versions.
CENELEC members are the national electrotechnical committees of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, the Czech Republic,
Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, the
Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Republic of North Macedonia, Romania, Serbia, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland,
Türkiye and the United Kingdom.
European Committee for Electrotechnical Standardization
Comité Européen de Normalisation Electrotechnique
Europäisches Komitee für Elektrotechnische Normung
CEN-CENELEC Management Centre: Rue de la Science 23, B-1040 Brussels
© 2022 CENELEC All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved worldwide for CENELEC Members.
Ref. No. EN IEC 62282-4-101:2022 E
European foreword
The text of document 105/912/FDIS, future edition 2 of IEC 62282-4-101, prepared by IEC/TC 105
"Fuel cell technologies" was submitted to the IEC-CENELEC parallel vote and approved by CENELEC
as EN IEC 62282-4-101:2022.
The following dates are fixed:
• latest date by which the document has to be implemented at national (dop) 2023-06-15
level by publication of an identical national standard or by endorsement
• latest date by which the national standards conflicting with the (dow) 2025-09-15
document have to be withdrawn
This document supersedes EN 62282-4-101:2014 and all of its amendments and corrigenda (if any).
Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of
patent rights. CENELEC shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights.
Any feedback and questions on this document should be directed to the users’ national committee. A
complete listing of these bodies can be found on the CENELEC website.
Endorsement notice
The text of the International Standard IEC 62282-4-101:2022 was approved by CENELEC as a
European Standard without any modification.
In the official version, for Bibliography, the following notes have to be added for the standards
indicated:
IEC 60034 (series) NOTE Harmonized as EN 60034 (series)
IEC 60034-11 NOTE Harmonized as EN 60034-11
IEC 60112 NOTE Harmonized as EN IEC 60112
IEC 60243 (series) NOTE Harmonized as EN 60243 (series)
IEC 60695-11-5 NOTE Harmonized as EN 60695-11-5
IEC 62282-3-100 NOTE Harmonized as EN IEC 62282-3-100
IEC 62282-5-100 NOTE Harmonized as EN IEC 62282-5-100
ISO/IEC 80079-20-1 NOTE Harmonized as EN ISO/IEC 80079-20-1
ISO 16017-1 NOTE Harmonized as EN ISO 16017-1
Annex ZA
(normative)
Normative references to international publications
with their corresponding European publications
The following documents are referred to in the text in such a way that some or all of their content
constitutes requirements of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For
undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments)
applies.
NOTE 1 Where an International Publication has been modified by common modifications, indicated by (mod), the
relevant EN/HD applies.
NOTE 2 Up-to-date information on the latest versions of the European Standards listed in this annex is available
here: www.cenelec.eu.
Publication Year Title EN/HD Year
IEC 60050-485 - International Electrotechnical Vocabulary - -
(IEV) - Part 485: Fuel cell technologies
IEC 60079-0 - Explosive atmospheres - Part 0: EN IEC 60079-0 -
Equipment - General requirements
IEC 60079-10-1 - Explosive atmospheres - Part 10-1: EN IEC 60079-10-1 -
Classification of areas - Explosive gas
atmospheres
IEC 60079-29-1 - Explosive atmospheres - Part 29-1: Gas EN 60079-29-1 -
detectors - Performance requirements of
detectors for flammable gases
IEC 60079-29-4 - Explosive atmospheres - Part 29-4: Gas EN 60079-29-4 -
detectors - Performance requirements of
open path detectors for flammable gases
IEC 60204-1 - Safety of machinery - Electrical equipment EN 60204-1 -
of machines - Part 1: General requirements
IEC 60227-3 - Polyvinyl chloride insulated cables of rated - -
voltages up to and including 450/750 V -
Part 3: Non-sheathed cables for fixed
wiring
IEC 60227-5 - Polyvinyl chloride insulated cables of rated - -
voltages up to and including 450/750 V -
Part 5: Flexible cables (cords)
IEC 60335-2-41 - Household and similar electrical appliances EN IEC 60335-2-41 -
- Safety - Part 2-41: Particular
requirements for pumps
IEC 60335-2-80 - Household and similar electrical appliances EN 60335-2-80 -
- Safety - Part 2-80: Particular
requirements for fans
IEC 60364-4-41 2005 Low-voltage electrical installations - Part 4- HD 60364-4-41 2017
(mod) 41: Protection for safety - Protection
against electric shock
AMD1 2017 /A11 2017
- - /A12 2019
IEC 60529 - Degrees of protection provided by - -
enclosures (IP Code)
IEC 60584-1 - Thermocouples - Part 1: EMF EN 60584-1 -
specifications and tolerances
IEC 60664-1 - Insulation coordination for equipment EN IEC 60664-1 -
within low-voltage supply systems - Part 1:
Principles, requirements and tests
IEC 60695 series Fire hazard testing EN IEC 60695 series
IEC 60695-1-30 - Fire hazard testing - Part 1-30: Guidance EN 60695-1-30 -
for assessing the fire hazard of
electrotechnical products - Preselection
testing process - General guidelines
IEC 60695-10-2 - Fire hazard testing - Part 10-2: Abnormal EN 60695-10-2 -
heat - Ball pressure test method
IEC 60695-11-4 - Fire hazard testing - Part 11-4: Test flames EN 60695-11-4 -
- 50 W flame - Apparatus and
confirmational test method
IEC 60695-11-10 - Fire hazard testing - Part 11-10: Test EN 60695-11-10 -
flames - 50 W horizontal and vertical flame
test methods
IEC 60730-1 (mod) 2013 Automatic electrical controls - Part 1: EN 60730-1 2016
General requirements
AMD1 2015 /A1 2019
AMD2 2020 /A2 2022
IEC 60812 - Failure modes and effects analysis (FMEA EN IEC 60812 -
and FMECA)
IEC 60947-3 - Low-voltage switchgear and controlgear - EN IEC 60947-3 -
Part 3: Switches, disconnectors, switch-
disconnectors and fuse-combination units
IEC 60947-5-1 - Low-voltage switchgear and controlgear - EN 60947-5-1 -
Part 5-1: Control circuit devices and
switching elements - Electromechanical
control circuit devices
IEC 60950-1 2005 Information technology equipment - Safety - -
- Part 1: General requirements
AMD1 2009 -
AMD2 2013 - -
IEC 61025 - Fault tree analysis (FTA) EN 61025 -
IEC 61204-7 - Low-voltage switch mode power supplies - EN IEC 61204-7 -
Part 7: Safety requirements
IEC/TS 61430 - Secondary cells and batteries - Test - -
methods for checking the performance of
devices designed for reducing explosion
hazards - Lead-acid starter batteries
IEC 61508 series Functional safety of EN 61508 series
electrical/electronic/programmable
electronic safety-related systems
IEC 61558-1 - Safety of transformers, reactors, power EN IEC 61558-1 -
supply units and combinations thereof -
Part 1: General requirements and tests
IEC 62477-1 - Safety requirements for power electronic EN 62477-1 -
converter systems and equipment - Part 1:
General
IEC 62133-1 - Secondary cells and batteries containing EN 62133-1 -
alkaline or other non-acid electrolytes -
Safety requirements for portable sealed
secondary cells, and for batteries made
from them, for use in portable applications
- Part 1: Nickel systems
IEC 62282-2-100 - Fuel cell technologies - Part 2-100: Fuel EN IEC 62282-2-100 -
cell modules - Safety
IEC 62391-1 - Fixed electric double-layer capacitors for EN 62391-1 -
use in electric and electronic equipment -
Part 1: Generic specification
IEC 62391-2 - Fixed electric double-layer capacitors for EN 62391-2 -
use in electronic equipment - Part 2:
Sectional specification - Electric double
layer capacitors for power application
IEC 62619 - Secondary cells and batteries containing EN IEC 62619 -
alkaline or other non-acid electrolytes -
Safety requirements for secondary lithium
cells and batteries, for use in industrial
applications
IEC/ISO 31010 - Risk management - Risk assessment EN IEC 31010 -
techniques
ISO 179 series Plastics - Determination of Charpy impact EN ISO 179 series
properties
ISO 180 - Plastics - Determination of Izod impact EN ISO 180 -
strength
ISO 877 series Plastics - Methods of exposure to solar EN ISO 877 series
radiation
ISO 1419 - Rubber- or plastics-coated fabrics - - -
Accelerated-ageing tests
ISO 1421 - Rubber- or plastics-coated fabrics – EN ISO 1421 -
Determination of tensile strength and
elongation at break
ISO 1798 - Flexible cellular polymeric materials - EN ISO 1798 -
Determination of tensile strength and
elongation at break
ISO 2440 - Flexible and rigid cellular polymeric EN ISO 2440 -
materials - Accelerated ageing tests
ISO 2626 - Copper - Hydrogen embrittlement test EN ISO 2626 -
ISO 3691-1 - Industrial trucks - Safety requirements and EN ISO 3691-1 -
verification - Part 1: Self-propelled
industrial trucks, other than driverless
trucks, variable-reach trucks and burden-
carrier trucks
ISO/TS 3691-7 - Industrial trucks - Safety requirements and - -
verification - Part 7: Regional requirements
for countries within the European
Community
ISO/TS 3691-8 - Industrial trucks - Safety requirements and - -
verification - Part 8: Regional requirements
for countries outside the European
Community
ISO 3864-1 - Graphical symbols - Safety colours and - -
safety signs - Part 1: Design principles for
safety signs and safety markings
ISO 4038 - Road vehicles - Hydraulic braking systems - -
- Simple flare pipes, tapped holes, male
fittings and hose end fittings
ISO 4080 - Rubber and plastics hoses and hose EN ISO 4080 -
assemblies - Determination of permeability
to gas
ISO 4675 - Rubber- or plastics-coated fabrics - Low- - -
temperature bend test
ISO 5053-1 - Industrial trucks - Vocabulary - Part 1: - -
Types of industrial trucks
ISO 7010 - Graphical symbols - Safety colours and EN ISO 7010 -
safety signs - Registered safety signs
ISO 10380 - Pipework - Corrugated metal hoses and EN ISO 10380 -
hose assemblies
ISO 10442 - Petroleum, chemical and gas service EN ISO 10442 -
industries - Packaged, integrally geared
centrifugal air compressors
ISO 10806 - Pipework - Fittings for corrugated metal EN ISO 10806 -
hoses
ISO 11114-4 - Transportable gas cylinders - Compatibility EN ISO 11114-4 -
of cylinder and valve materials with gas
contents - Part 4: Test methods for
selecting steels resistant to hydrogen
embrittlement
ISO 12100 - Safety of machinery - General principles EN ISO 12100 -
for design - Risk assessment and risk
reduction
ISO 13226 - Rubber - Standard reference elastomers - -
(SREs) for characterizing the effect of
liquids on vulcanized rubbers
ISO 13849-1 - Safety of machinery - Safety-related parts EN ISO 13849-1 -
of control systems - Part 1: General
principles for design
ISO 13849-2 - Safety of machinery - Safety-related parts EN ISO 13849-2 -
of control systems - Part 2: Validation
ISO 14113 - Gas welding equipment – Rubber and EN ISO 14113 -
plastics hose and hose assemblies for use
with industrial gases up to 450 bar
(45 MPa)
ISO 15649 - Petroleum and natural gas industries - - -
Piping
ISO/TR 15916 - Basic considerations for the safety of - -
hydrogen systems
ISO 16010 - Elastomeric seals - Material requirements - -
for seals used in pipes and fittings carrying
gaseous fuels and hydrocarbon fluids
ISO 16111 2018 Transportable gas storage devices - - -
Hydrogen absorbed in reversible metal
hydride
ISO 17268 - Gaseous hydrogen land vehicle refuelling EN ISO 17268 -
connection devices
ISO 19881 - Gaseous hydrogen - Land vehicle fuel - -
containers
ISO 19882 - Gaseous hydrogen - Thermally activated - -
pressure relief devices for compressed
hydrogen vehicle fuel containers
ISO 20898 - Industrial trucks - Electrical requirements - -
ISO 21927-3 - Smoke and heat control systems - Part 3: - -
Specification for powered smoke and heat
exhaust ventilators
ISO 23551-1 - Safety and control devices for gas burners - -
and gas-burning appliances - Particular
requirements - Part 1: Automatic and semi-
automatic valves
UN GTR No. 13 - Global Technical Regulation concerning - -
the hydrogen and fuel cell vehicles
UN Regulation No.- Uniform provisions concerning the - -
134 approval of motor vehicles and their
components with regard to the safety-
related performance of hydrogen-fuelled
vehicles (HFCV)
IEC 62282-4-101 ®
Edition 2.0 2022-08
INTERNATIONAL
STANDARD
NORME
INTERNATIONALE
Fuel cell technologies –
Part 4-101: Fuel cell power systems for electrically powered industrial trucks –
Safety
Technologies des piles à combustible –
Partie 4-101: Systèmes à pile à combustible pour chariots de manutention
électriques – Sécurité
INTERNATIONAL
ELECTROTECHNICAL
COMMISSION
COMMISSION
ELECTROTECHNIQUE
INTERNATIONALE
ICS 27.070 ISBN 978-2-8322-4167-7
– 2 – IEC 62282-4-101:2022 © IEC 2022
CONTENTS
FOREWORD . 5
INTRODUCTION . 7
1 Scope . 8
2 Normative references . 9
3 Terms and definitions . 13
4 Construction requirements for safety . 16
4.1 General . 16
4.2 Hydrogen and other fluid containing parts . 17
4.2.1 General . 17
4.2.2 Piping, hoses, tubing and fittings . 17
4.2.3 Hydrogen pressure vessels . 18
4.2.4 Metal hydride container . 19
4.2.5 Methanol fuel tank . 19
4.3 Refueling . 19
4.4 Over-pressure and thermal protection . 19
4.5 Regulators . 21
4.6 Operating and shut-off valves . 21
4.7 Filters . 21
4.8 Pumps and compressors . 21
4.9 Electrically operated pressure sensing and controlling devices . 22
4.10 Ventilation to prevent the build up of flammable gases . 22
4.11 Electrostatic discharge (ESD) . 23
4.12 Discharges including methanol emissions and waste materials . 23
4.13 Enclosures . 23
4.14 Electrical system . 24
4.14.1 General . 24
4.14.2 Internal wiring . 24
4.14.3 External wiring . 25
4.14.4 Emergency switching off requirements (disconnection) for connections
for fuel cell power system . 25
4.14.5 Motors . 26
4.14.6 Switches and motor controllers . 26
4.14.7 Transformers and power supplies . 26
4.14.8 Inverters, converters and controllers . 26
4.14.9 Lamps and lampholders . 26
4.14.10 Energy storage components . 27
4.14.11 Electrical insulation. 27
4.14.12 Limited power circuit . 28
4.14.13 Electrical spacings . 28
4.14.14 Separation of circuits . 29
4.15 Control circuits . 30
4.15.1 Safety controls. 30
4.15.2 Start . 30
4.15.3 Drive off . 30
4.15.4 Emergency stop . 30
4.16 Risk assessment and risk reduction . 30
IEC 62282-4-101:2022 © IEC 2022 – 3 –
5 Performance requirements for safety and type tests . 31
5.1 General . 31
5.2 Vibration test . 31
5.2.1 General . 31
5.2.2 Vertical axis test . 31
5.2.3 Longitudinal and lateral axes tests . 31
5.3 Fuel container securement test . 31
5.4 Endurance test . 32
5.5 External leakage test . 32
5.6 Dilution test . 32
5.6.1 Releases . 32
5.6.2 Setup and operation . 32
5.6.3 Exhaust dilution . 32
5.6.4 Dilution boundaries . 32
5.7 Ultimate strength test . 32
5.8 Potential failure modes test . 33
5.9 Temperature test . 33
5.10 Continuity test . 35
5.11 Non-metallic tubing test for accumulation of static electricity . 35
5.11.1 Passing criteria . 35
5.11.2 Test method . 35
5.12 Dielectric voltage – Withstand test . 36
5.13 Limited power circuit test . 36
5.14 Rated power output test . 37
5.15 Abnormal operation test – Electric equipment failures . 37
5.16 Emission of effluents test (only for methanol fuel cells) . 38
5.17 Environmental test . 38
5.17.1 Rain test . 38
5.17.2 Test of equipment – Exposure to wind . 39
5.18 Enclosure tests . 39
5.18.1 Enclosure loading test . 39
5.18.2 Test for thermoplastic enclosures . 39
5.19 Marking plate adhesion test . 40
5.20 Test for elastomeric seals, gaskets and tubing . 40
5.20.1 General . 40
5.20.2 Accelerated air-oven ageing test . 40
5.20.3 Cold temperature exposure test . 40
5.20.4 Immersion test . 40
5.21 Test for permeation of non-metallic tubing and piping . 41
5.22 Test for electrical output leads . 41
5.23 Emergency stop . 41
6 Routine tests . 41
6.1 External leakage . 41
6.2 Dielectric voltage-withstand test . 41
7 Markings. 41
8 Instructions . 42
8.1 General . 42
8.2 Maintenance instructions . 43
– 4 – IEC 62282-4-101:2022 © IEC 2022
8.3 Operating instructions . 43
8.4 Installation instructions . 44
Annex A (informative) Comparison of pressure terms . 45
Annex B (informative) Significant hazards, hazardous situations and events dealt with
in this document . 46
Bibliography . 48
Figure 1 – Fuel cell power systems for industrial trucks . 9
Figure 2 – Example of a diagram with vent system covering components downstream
of the regulator . 20
Figure 3 – Example of a diagram with vent system covering all components . 20
Figure 4 – Example of a diagram with vent system covering all components in a
multiple storage vessel system . 21
Table 1 – Appliance-wiring material . 25
Table 2 – Spacings . 29
Table 3 – Temperature rise limits . 34
Table 4 – Limits for inherently limited power sources . 37
Table 5 – Limits for power sources not inherently limited (overcurrent protection
required) . 37
Table 6 – Emission rate limits . 38
Table A.1 – Comparison table of pressure terms . 45
IEC 62282-4-101:2022 © IEC 2022 – 5 –
INTERNATIONAL ELECTROTECHNICAL COMMISSION
____________
FUEL CELL TECHNOLOGIES –
Part 4-101: Fuel cell power systems for
electrically powered industrial trucks – Safety
FOREWORD
1) The International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) is a worldwide organization for standardization comprising
all national electrotechnical committees (IEC National Committees). The object of IEC is to promote international
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8) Attention is drawn to the Normative references cited in this publication. Use of the referenced publications is
indispensable for the correct application of this publication.
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rights. IEC shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights.
International Standard IEC 62282-4-101 has been prepared by IEC technical committee 105:
Fuel cell technologies.
This second edition cancels and replaces the first edition published in 2014. This edition
constitutes a technical revision.
This edition includes the following significant technical changes with respect to the previous
edition:
a) revision of the title of this document;
b) revision of reference standards;
c) addition of new subclauses (4.3, 4.14.5, 4.15.3, 4.15.4, 4.16, 5.6, and 5.23);
d) previous 4.15 was revised as “4.16 Risk assessment and risk reduction”;
e) revision of 4.6 3), access to the manual shutoff valve;
f) revision of requirements for battery terminals that are threaded (4.14.10.1);
– 6 – IEC 62282-4-101:2022 © IEC 2022
g) revision of requirements for double layer capacitors (4.14.10.2);
h) revision of external leakage test (5.5) and ultimate strength test (5.7);
i) revision of temperature limits on capacitors depending on the temperature rating of the
material (Table 3);
j) revision of markings that are not relevant (Clause 7);
k) added “Significant hazards, hazardous situations and events dealt with in this document” as
a new informative annex (Annex B).
The text of this International Standard is based on the following documents:
Draft Report on voting
105/912/FDIS 105/922/RVD
Full information on the voting for its approval can be found in the report on voting indicated in
the above table.
The language used for the development of this International Standard is English.
This document was drafted in accordance with ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2, and developed in
accordance with ISO/IEC Directives, Part 1 and ISO/IEC Directives, IEC Supplement, available
at www.iec.ch/members_experts/refdocs. The main document types developed by IEC are
described in greater detail at www.iec.ch/standardsdev/publications.
A list of all parts of IEC 62282 series, published under the general title Fuel cell technologies,
can be found on the IEC website.
The committee has decided that the contents of this document will remain unchanged until the
stability date indicated on the IEC website under webstore.iec.ch in the data related to the
specific document. At this date, the document will be
• reconfirmed,
• withdrawn,
• replaced by a revised edition, or
• amended.
IEC 62282-4-101:2022 © IEC 2022 – 7 –
INTRODUCTION
The IEC 62282-4 series deals with categories such as safety, performance and
interchangeability of fuel cell power systems for propulsion other than road vehicles and
auxiliary power units (APU). Among the categories mentioned above, this document,
IEC 62282-4-101, focuses on safety of electrically powered industrial trucks with fuel cell power
systems because such applications are urgently demanded in the world. Future documents in
this part of IEC 62282-4 will deal with other applications related to onboard vehicles other than
road vehicles and auxiliary power units (APU).
– 8 – IEC 62282-4-101:2022 © IEC 2022
FUEL CELL TECHNOLOGIES –
Part 4-101: Fuel cell power systems for
electrically powered industrial trucks – Safety
1 Scope
This document deals with safety of fuel cell power systems for propulsion other than road
vehicles and auxiliary power units (APU).
This part of IEC 62282 covers safety requirements for fuel cell power systems intended to be
used in electrically powered industrial trucks as defined in ISO 5053-1, except for:
– rough-terrain trucks;
– non-stacking low-lift straddle carriers;
– stacking high-lift straddle carriers;
– rough-terrain variable-reach trucks;
– slewing rough-terrain variable-reach trucks;
– variable-reach container handlers;
– pedestrian propelled trucks.
This document applies to gaseous hydrogen-fuelled fuel cell power systems and direct methanol
fuel cell power systems for electrically powered industrial trucks.
The following fuels are considered within the scope of this document:
– gaseous hydrogen;
– methanol.
This document covers the fuel cell power system as defined in 3.8 and Figure 1.
This document applies to DC type fuel cell power systems, with a rated output voltage not
exceeding 150 V DC for indoor and outdoor use.
This document covers fuel cell power systems whose fuel source container is permanently
attached to either the industrial truck or the fuel cell power system.
In accordance with IEC Guide 116, significant hazards, hazardous situations and events dealt
with in this document are shown in Annex B.
The following are not included in the scope of this document:
– detachable type fuel source containers;
– hybrid trucks that include an internal combustion engine;
– reformer-equipped fuel cell power systems;
– fuel cell power systems intended for operation in potentially explosive atmospheres;
– fuel storage systems using liquid hydrogen.
IEC 62282-4-101:2022 © IEC 2022 – 9 –
Key
EMD electromagnetic disturbance
EMI electromagnetic interference
NOTE A fuel cell power system can contain all or some of the above components.
Figure 1 – Fuel cell power systems for industrial trucks
2 Normative references
The following documents are referred to in the text in such a way that some or all of their content
constitutes requirements of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies.
For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any
amendments) applies.
IEC 60050-485, International Electrotechnical Vocabulary (IEV) – Part 485: Fuel cell
technologies
IEC 60079-0, Explosive atmospheres – Part 0: Equipment – General requirements
IEC 60079-10-1, Explosive atmospheres – Part 10-1: Classification of areas – Explosive gas
atmospheres
IEC 60079-29-1, Explosive atmospheres – Part 29-1: Gas detectors – Performance
requirements of detectors for flammable gases
IEC 60079-29-4, Explosive atmospheres – Part 29-4: Gas detectors – Performance
requirements of open path detectors for flammable gases
IEC 60204-1, Safety of machinery – Electrical equipment of machines – Part 1: General
requirements
IEC 60227-3, Polyvinyl chloride insulated cables of rated voltages up to and including
450/750 V – Part 3: Non-sheathed cables for fixed wiring
IEC 60227-5, Polyvinyl chloride insulated cables of rated voltages up to and including
450/750 V – Part 5: Flexible cables (cords)
– 10 – IEC 62282-4-101:2022 © IEC 2022
IEC 60335-2-41, Household and similar electrical appliances – Safety – Part 2-41: Particular
requirements for pumps
IEC 60335-2-80, Household and similar electrical appliances – Safety – Part 2-80: Particular
requirements for fans
IEC 60364-4-41:2005, Low-voltage electrical installations – Part 4-41: Protection for safety –
Protection against electric shock
IEC 60364-4-41:2005/AMD1:2017
IEC 60529, Degrees of protection provided by enclosures (IP Code)
IEC 60584-1, Thermocouples – Part 1: EMF specifications and tolerances
IEC 60664-1, Insulation coordination for equipment within low-voltage systems – Part 1:
Principles, requirements and tests
IEC 60695 (all parts), Fire hazard testing
IEC 60695-1-30, Fire hazard testing – Part 1-30: Guidance for assessing the fire hazard of
electrotechnical products – Preselection testing process – General guidelines
IEC 60695-10-2, Fire hazard testing – Part 10-2: Abnormal heat – Ball pressure test method
IEC 60695-11-4, Fire hazard testing – Part 11-4: Test flames – 50 W flame – Apparatus and
confirmational test method
IEC 60695-11-10, Fire hazard testing – Part 11-10: Test flames – 50 W horizontal and vertical
flame test methods
IEC 60730-1:2013, Automatic electrical controls – Part 1: General requirements
IEC 60730-1:2013/AMD1:2015
IEC 60730-1:2013/AMD2:2020
IEC 60812, Failure modes and effects analysis (FMEA and FMECA)
IEC 60947-3, Low-voltage switchgear and controlgear – Part 3: Switches, disconnectors,
switch-disconnectors and fuse-combination units
IEC 60947-5-1, Low-voltage switchgear and controlgear – Part 5-1: Control circuit devices and
switching elements – Electromechanical control circuit devices
IEC 60950-1:2005, Information technology equipment – Safety – Part 1: General requirements
IEC 60950-1:2005/AMD1:2009
IEC 60950-1:2005/AMD2:2013
IEC 61025, Fault tree analysis (FTA)
IEC 61204-7, Low-voltage switch mode power supplies – Part 7: Safety requirements
IEC TS 61430, Secondary cells and batteries – Test methods for checking the performance of
devices designed for reducing explosion hazards – Lead-acid starter batteries
IEC 61508 (all parts), Functional safety of electrical/electronic/programmable electronic safety-
related systems
IEC 62282-4-101:2022 © IEC 2022 – 11 –
IEC 61558-1, Safety of transformers, reactors, power supply units and combinations thereof –
Part 1: General requirements and tests
IEC 62477-1, Safety requirements for power electronic converter systems and equipment –
Part 1: General
IEC 62133-1, Secondary cells and batteries containing alkaline or other non-acid electrolytes –
Safety requirements for portable sealed secondary cells, and for batteries made from them, for
use in portable applications – Part 1: Nickel systems
IEC 62282-2-100, Fuel cell technologies – Part 2-100: Fuel cell modules – Safety
IEC 62391-1, Fixed electric double-layer capacitors for use in electric and electronic equipment
– Part 1: Generic specification
IEC 62391-2, Fixed electric double-layer capacitors for use in electronic equipment – Part 2:
Sectional specfication – Electric double layer capacitors for power application
IEC 62619, Secondary cells and batteries containing alkaline or other non-acid electrolytes –
Safety requirements for secondary lithium cells and batteries, for use in industrial applications
IEC/ISO 31010, Risk management – Risk assessment techniques
ISO 179 (all parts), Plas
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