IEC 62460:2008
(Main)Temperature - Electromotive force (EMF) tables for pure-element thermocouple combinations
Temperature - Electromotive force (EMF) tables for pure-element thermocouple combinations
IEC 62460:2008 specifies the equations and reference tables relating temperature to EMF (electro-motive force) for Gold versus Platinum and Platinum versus Palladium thermocouples. For information and convenience of use it also provides the approximate equations for temperature as functions of EMF.
Tableaux température - Force électromotrice (F.É.M.) pour les combinaisons de couples thermoélectriques à éléments purs
La CEI 62460:2008 spécifie les équations et les tableaux de référence donnant la relation entre la température et la f.é.m. (force électromotrice) pour les couples thermoélectriques Or/Platine et Platine/Palladium. Pour information et facilité d'usage, les équations approchées donnant la température en fonction de la f.é.m. sont aussi données.
General Information
Standards Content (Sample)
IEC 62460
Edition 1.0 2008-07
INTERNATIONAL
STANDARD
NORME
INTERNATIONALE
Temperature – Electromotive force (EMF) tables for pure-element thermocouple
combinations
Tableaux température – Force électromotrice (F.É.M.) pour les combinaisons de
couples thermoélectriques à éléments purs
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IEC 62460
Edition 1.0 2008-07
INTERNATIONAL
STANDARD
NORME
INTERNATIONALE
Temperature – Electromotive force (EMF) tables for pure-element thermocouple
combinations
Tableaux température – Force électromotrice (F.É.M.) pour les combinaisons de
couples thermoélectriques à éléments purs
INTERNATIONAL
ELECTROTECHNICAL
COMMISSION
COMMISSION
ELECTROTECHNIQUE
PRICE CODE
INTERNATIONALE
U
CODE PRIX
ICS 17.200.20; 25.040.40 ISBN 2-8318-9852-8
– 2 – 62460 © IEC:2008
CONTENTS
FOREWORD.3
1 Scope.5
2 Normative references .5
3 Terms and definitions .5
4 Information on tables and equations .6
5 Tables for Gold versus Platinum thermocouples .7
5.1 Gold versus Platinum: EMF at intervals of 1 °C .7
5.2 Gold versus Platinum: Temperature at intervals of 10 μV .10
5.3 Thermoelectric values at the defining fixed points of the ITS-90 for Au/Pt
thermocouples (informative) .14
6 Tables for Platinum versus Palladium thermocouples .15
6.1 Platinum versus Palladium: EMF at intervals of 1 °C .15
6.2 Platinum versus Palladium: Temperature at intervals of 10 μV .19
6.3 Thermoelectric values at the defining fixed points of the ITS-90 for Pt/Pd
thermocouples (informative) .25
Annex A Gold versus Platinum coefficients .26
Annex B Platinum versus Palladium Coefficients .28
62460 © IEC:2008 – 3 –
INTERNATIONAL ELECTROTECHNICAL COMMISSION
____________
TEMPERATURE – ELECTROMOTIVE FORCE (EMF) TABLES FOR
PURE-ELEMENT THERMOCOUPLE COMBINATIONS
FOREWORD
1) The International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) is a worldwide organization for standardization comprising
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8) Attention is drawn to the Normative references cited in this publication. Use of the referenced publications is
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9) Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this IEC Publication may be the subject of
patent rights. IEC shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights.
International Standard IEC 62460 has been prepared by subcommittee 65B: Devices and
process analysis, of IEC technical committee 65: Industrial-process measurement, control and
automation.
The text of this standard is based on the following documents:
FDIS Report on voting
65B/665/FDIS 65B/684/RVD
Full information on the voting for the approval of this standard can be found in the report on
voting indicated in the above table.
This publication has been drafted in accordance with the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2.
– 4 – 62460 © IEC:2008
The committee has decided that the contents of this publication will remain unchanged until
the maintenance result date indicated on the IEC web site under "http://webstore.iec.ch" in
the data related to the specific publication. At this date, the publication will be
• reconfirmed,
• withdrawn,
• replaced by a revised edition, or
• amended.
62460 © IEC:2008 – 5 –
TEMPERATURE – ELECTROMOTIVE FORCE (EMF) TABLES FOR
PURE-ELEMENT THERMOCOUPLE COMBINATIONS
1 Scope
This International Standard specifies the equations and reference tables relating temperature
to EMF (electro-motive force) for Gold versus Platinum and Platinum versus Palladium
thermocouples. For information and convenience of use it also provides the approximate
equations for temperature as functions of EMF.
The tables and equations in this standard are intended for use with thermocouples made from
elements of purity not less than 99.999 % for Platinum and Gold and of 99.99 % for
Palladium, by weight.
Tolerances on initial values of EMF versus temperature have not been established for the
thermocouples in this standard. Where required, these tolerances should be agreed between
the wire manufacturer and the user.
Temperatures in this standard are based on the International Temperature Scale of 1990
(ITS-90). They are expressed in degrees Celsius, symbol t . Values of EMF, symbol E/μV,
are given in microvolts.
This standard does not cover extension or compensating wires for use with the pure-element
thermocouples. The questions of their use shall be agreed between the manufacturer and the
user.
2 Normative references
The following referenced documents are indispensable for the application of this document.
For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition
of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies.
IEC 60584-1, Thermocouples – Reference tables
3 Terms and definitions
For the purposes of this document, the terms and definitions given in IEC 60584-1 apply, as
well as the following.
3.1
thermocouple types
the following thermocouple wire types are covered by this standard:
• Gold versus Platinum (Au/Pt or Gold/Platinum)
• Platinum versus Palladium (Pt/Pd or Platinum/Palladium)
Following international convention, as in IEC 60584-1, when identifying thermocouples the
positive element/wire is given first.
– 6 – 62460 © IEC:2008
3.2 thermoelectric values at the ITS-90 fixed points
values are given for the defining triple points (TP), melting points (MP) and freezing points
(FP) in the temperature range of the corresponding tables. The Seebeck coefficient S is the
first derivative of the EMF with respect to temperature.
4 Information on tables and equations
The following tables are included in this standard:
• Gold versus Platinum: EMF at intervals of 1 °C
• Gold versus Platinum: temperatures at intervals of 10μV
• Gold versus Platinum: thermoelectric values at the fixed points of the ITS-90
• Platinum versus Palladium: EMF at intervals of 1 °C
• Platinum versus Palladium: temperatures at intervals of 10μV
• Platinum versus Palladium: thermoelectric values at the fixed points of the ITS-90
For the tables in this document, the reference temperature is 0 °C.
/°C, which are used to
The definitive equations of EMF, E/μV, as functions of temperature, t
generate the tables, are given in Annex A for Gold/Platinum thermocouples and Annex B for
Platinum/Palladium thermocouples.
For information and convenience in use, approximate equations are also given, expressing
t /°C as functions of E/μV for the respective thermocouples within the stated error limits.
62460 © IEC:2008 – 7 –
5 Tables for Gold versus Platinum thermocouples
5.1 Gold versus Platinum: EMF at intervals of 1 °C
t / °C 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 t / °C
90 90
E/μV
0 0.0 6.1 12.1 18.3 24.5 30.7 36.9 43.2 49.5 55.9 0
10 62.3 68.7 75.2 81.7 88.2 94.8 101.4 108.1 114.8 121.5 10
20 128.3 135.1 141.9 148.8 155.7 162.7 169.7 176.7 183.7 190.8 20
30 197.9 205.1 212.3 219.5 226.8 234.1 241.4 248.8 256.2 263.6 30
40 271.1 278.6 286.1 293.7 301.3 308.9 316.6 324.3 332.1 339.8 40
50 347.6 355.5 363.3 371.2 379.2 387.1 395.1 403.2 411.2 419.3 50
60 427.5 435.6 443.8 452.1 460.3 468.6 476.9 485.3 493.6 502.1 60
70 510.5 519.0 527.5 536.0 544.6 553.2 561.8 570.5 579.2 587.9 70
80 596.6 605.4 614.2 623.1 632.0 640.9 649.8 658.7 667.7 676.8 80
90 685.8 694.9 704.0 713.1 722.3 731.5 740.7 750.0 759.2 768.6 90
100 777.9 787.3 796.7 806.1 815.5 825.0 834.5 844.1 853.6 863.2 100
110 872.8 882.5 892.2 901.9 911.6 921.4 931.2 941.0 950.8 960.7 110
120 970.6 980.5 990.5 1000.4 1010.4 1020.5 1030.5 1040.6 1050.7 1060.9 120
130 1071.0 1081.2 1091.4 1101.7 1112.0 1122.3 1132.6 1142.9 1153.3 1163.7 130
140 1174.1 1184.6 1195.1 1205.6 1216.1 1226.7 1237.2 1247.8 1258.5 1269.1 140
150 1279.8 1290.5 1301.3 1312.0 1322.8 1333.6 1344.4 1355.3 1366.2 1377.1 150
160 1388.0 1399.0 1410.0 1421.0 1432.0 1443.1 1454.1 1465.3 1476.4 1487.5 160
170 1498.7 1509.9 1521.1 1532.4 1543.7 1555.0 1566.3 1577.6 1589.0 1600.4 170
180 1611.8 1623.3 1634.7 1646.2 1657.7 1669.3 1680.8 1692.4 1704.0 1715.6 180
190 1727.3 1739.0 1750.7 1762.4 1774.1 1785.9 1797.7 1809.5 1821.3 1833.2 190
200 1845.1 1857.0 1868.9 1880.9 1892.8 1904.8 1916.8 1928.9 1941.0 1953.0 200
210 1965.1 1977.3 1989.4 2001.6 2013.8 2026.0 2038.3 2050.5 2062.8 2075.1 210
220 2087.4 2099.8 2112.2 2124.6 2137.0 2149.4 2161.9 2174.4 2186.9 2199.4 220
230 2211.9 2224.5 2237.1 2249.7 2262.3 2275.0 2287.7 2300.4 2313.1 2325.8 230
240 2338.6 2351.4 2364.2 2377.0 2389.8 2402.7 2415.6 2428.5 2441.4 2454.4 240
250 2467.3 2480.3 2493.3 2506.4 2519.4 2532.5 2545.6 2558.7 2571.9 2585.0 250
260 2598.2 2611.4 2624.6 2637.8 2651.1 2664.4 2677.7 2691.0 2704.3 2717.7 260
270 2731.1 2744.5 2757.9 2771.3 2784.8 2798.3 2811.8 2825.3 2838.9 2852.4 270
280 2866.0 2879.6 2893.2 2906.9 2920.5 2934.2 2947.9 2961.6 2975.4 2989.1 280
290 3002.9 3016.7 3030.5 3044.4 3058.2 3072.1 3086.0 3099.9 3113.8 3127.8 290
300 3141.8 3155.8 3169.8 3183.8 3197.9 3211.9 3226.0 3240.1 3254.3 3268.4 300
310 3282.6 3296.8 3311.0 3325.2 3339.4 3353.7 3368.0 3382.3 3396.6 3410.9 310
320 3425.3 3439.7 3454.1 3468.5 3482.9 3497.4 3511.8 3526.3 3540.8 3555.4 320
330 3569.9 3584.5 3599.1 3613.7 3628.3 3642.9 3657.6 3672.2 3686.9 3701.7 330
340 3716.4 3731.1 3745.9 3760.7 3775.5 3790.3 3805.2 3820.0 3834.9 3849.8 340
350 3864.7 3879.6 3894.6 3909.6 3924.6 3939.6 3954.6 3969.6 3984.7 3999.8 350
360 4014.9 4030.0 4045.1 4060.3 4075.4 4090.6 4105.8 4121.0 4136.3 4151.5 360
370 4166.8 4182.1 4197.4 4212.8 4228.1 4243.5 4258.9 4274.3 4289.7 4305.1 370
380 4320.6 4336.1 4351.6 4367.1 4382.6 4398.1 4413.7 4429.3 4444.9 4460.5 380
390 4476.1 4491.8 4507.4 4523.1 4538.8 4554.6 4570.3 4586.1 4601.8 4617.6 390
– 8 – 62460 © IEC:2008
Gold versus Platinum
EMF at intervals of 1 °C (continued)
t / °C 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 t / °C
90 90
E/μV
400 4633.4 4649.3 4665.1 4681.0 4696.8 4712.7 4728.6 4744.6 4760.5 4776.5 400
410 4792.5 4808.5 4824.5 4840.5 4856.6 4872.7 4888.7 4904.9 4921.0 4937.1 410
420 4953.3 4969.4 4985.6 5001.8 5018.1 5034.3 5050.6 5066.9 5083.1 5099.5 420
430 5115.8 5132.1 5148.5 5164.9 5181.3 5197.7 5214.1 5230.6 5247.0 5263.5 430
440 5280.0 5296.5 5313.1 5329.6 5346.2 5362.8 5379.4 5396.0 5412.6 5429.3 440
450 5446.0 5462.6 5479.4 5496.1 5512.8 5529.6 5546.3 5563.1 5579.9 5596.8 450
460 5613.6 5630.5 5647.3 5664.2 5681.1 5698.0 5715.0 5731.9 5748.9 5765.9 460
470 5782.9 5799.9 5817.0 5834.0 5851.1 5868.2 5885.3 5902.4 5919.6 5936.8 470
480 5953.9 5971.1 5988.3 6005.6 6022.8 6040.1 6057.3 6074.6 6091.9 6109.3 480
490 6126.6 6144.0 6161.3 6178.7 6196.1 6213.6 6231.0 6248.5 6265.9 6283.4 490
500 6301.0 6318.5 6336.0 6353.6 6371.2 6388.7 6406.4 6424.0 6441.6 6459.3 500
510 6477.0 6494.7 6512.4 6530.1 6547.8 6565.6 6583.4 6601.1 6619.0 6636.8 510
520 6654.6 6672.5 6690.4 6708.2 6726.2 6744.1 6762.0 6780.0 6797.9 6815.9 520
530 6833.9 6852.0 6870.0 6888.1 6906.1 6924.2 6942.3 6960.4 6978.6 6996.7 530
540 7014.9 7033.1 7051.3 7069.5 7087.7 7106.0 7124.3 7142.6 7160.9 7179.2 540
550 7197.5 7215.9 7234.2 7252.6 7271.0 7289.4 7307.9 7326.3 7344.8 7363.3 550
560 7381.8 7400.3 7418.8 7437.4 7455.9 7474.5 7493.1 7511.7 7530.3 7549.0 560
570 7567.6 7586.3 7605.0 7623.7 7642.5 7661.2 7680.0 7698.7 7717.5 7736.3 570
580 7755.2 7774.0 7792.9 7811.7 7830.6 7849.5 7868.5 7887.4 7906.4 7925.3 580
590 7944.3 7963.3 7982.3 8001.4 8020.4 8039.5 8058.6 8077.7 8096.8 8115.9 590
600 8135.1 8154.3 8173.4 8192.6 8211.9 8231.1 8250.3 8269.6 8288.9 8308.2 600
610 8327.5 8346.8 8366.2 8385.5 8404.9 8424.3 8443.7 8463.2 8482.6 8502.1 610
620 8521.5 8541.0 8560.5 8580.1 8599.6 8619.2 8638.7 8658.3 8677.9 8697.6 620
630 8717.2 8736.9 8756.5 8776.2 8795.9 8815.6 8835.4 8855.1 8874.9 8894.7 630
640 8914.5 8934.3 8954.1 8974.0 8993.9 9013.7 9033.6 9053.6 9073.5 9093.4 640
650 9113.4 9133.4 9153.4 9173.4 9193.4 9213.5 9233.5 9253.6 9273.7 9293.8 650
660 9313.9 9334.1 9354.2 9374.4 9394.6 9414.8 9435.0 9455.3 9475.5 9495.8 660
670 9516.1 9536.4 9556.7 9577.0 9597.4 9617.8 9638.2 9658.6 9679.0 9699.4 670
680 9719.9 9740.3 9760.8 9781.3 9801.8 9822.3 9842.9 9863.5 9884.0 9904.6 680
690 9925.2 9945.9 9966.5 9987.2 10007.9 10028.5 10049.3 10070.0 10090.7 10111.5 690
700 10132.2 10153.0 10173.8 10194.7 10215.5 10236.4 10257.2 10278.1 10299.0 10319.9 700
710 10340.9 10361.8 10382.8 10403.8 10424.8 10445.8 10466.8 10487.9 10508.9 10530.0 710
720 10551.1 10572.2 10593.3 10614.5 10635.6 10656.8 10678.0 10699.2 10720.4 10741.7 720
730 10762.9 10784.2 10805.5 10826.8 10848.1 10869.5 10890.8 10912.2 10933.6 10955.0 730
740 10976.4 10997.8 11019.3 11040.8 11062.2 11083.7 11105.3 11126.8 11148.3 11169.9 740
750 11191.5 11213.1 11234.7 11256.3 11277.9 11299.6 11321.3 11343.0 11364.7 11386.4 750
760 11408.1 11429.9 11451.7 11473.5 11495.3 11517.1 11538.9 11560.8 11582.6 11604.5 760
770 11626.4 11648.3 11670.3 11692.2 11714.2 11736.2 11758.2 11780.2 11802.2 11824.3 770
780 11846.3 11868.4 11890.5 11912.6 11934.7 11956.9 11979.0 12001.2 12023.4 12045.6 780
790 12067.8 12090.0 12112.3 12134.6 12156.8 12179.1 12201.5 12223.8 12246.1 12268.5 790
62460 © IEC:2008 – 9 –
Gold versus Platinum
EMF at intervals of 1 °C (continued)
t / °C 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 t / °C
90 90
E/μV
800 12290.9 12313.3 12335.7 12358.1 12380.6 12403.0 12425.5 12448.0 12470.5 12493.0 800
810 12515.6 12538.1 12560.7 12583.3 12605.9 12628.5 12651.2 12673.8 12696.5 12719.2 810
820 12741.9 12764.6 12787.3 12810.1 12832.8 12855.6 12878.4 12901.2 12924.0 12946.9 820
830 12969.7 12992.6 13015.5 13038.4 13061.3 13084.3 13107.2 13130.2 13153.2 13176.2 830
840 13199.2 13222.2 13245.3 13268.4 13291.4 13314.5 13337.7 13360.8 13383.9 13407.1 840
850 13430.3 13453.5 13476.7 13499.9 13523.1 13546.4 13569.7 13593.0 13616.3 13639.6 850
860 13662.9 13686.3 13709.6 13733.0 13756.4 13779.8 13803.3 13826.7 13850.2 13873.6 860
870 13897.1 13920.7 13944.2 13967.7 13991.3 14014.9 14038.4 14062.0 14085.7 14109.3 870
880 14133.0 14156.6 14180.3 14204.0 14227.7 14251.5 14275.2 14299.0 14322.7 14346.5 880
890 14370.3 14394.2 14418.0 14441.9 14465.7 14489.6 14513.5 14537.5 14561.4 14585.3 890
900 14609.3 14633.3 14657.3 14681.3 14705.3 14729.4 14753.4 14777.5 14801.6 14825.7 900
910 14849.9 14874.0 14898.2 14922.3 14946.5 14970.7 14994.9 15019.2 15043.4 15067.7 910
920 15092.0 15116.3 15140.6 15164.9 15189.3 15213.6 15238.0 15262.4 15286.8 15311.2 920
930 15335.7 15360.1 15384.6 15409.1 15433.6 15458.1 15482.6 15507.2 15531.7 15556.3 930
940 15580.9 15605.5 15630.1 15654.8 15679.4 15704.1 15728.8 15753.5 15778.2 15803.0 940
950 15827.7 15852.5 15877.3 15902.1 15926.9 15951.7 15976.6 16001.4 16026.3 16051.2 950
960 16076.1 16101.0 16126.0 16150.9 16175.9 16200.9 16225.9 16250.9 16276.0 16301.0 960
970 16326.1 16351.2 16376.2 16401.4 16426.5 16451.6 16476.8 16502.0 16527.2 16552.4 970
980 16577.6 16602.8 16628.1 16653.3 16678.6 16703.9 16729.2 16754.6 16779.9 16805.3 980
990 16830.7 16856.1 16881.5 16906.9 16932.3 16957.8 16983.3 17008.8 17034.3 17059.8 990
1000 17085.3 1000
– 10 – 62460 © IEC:2008
5.2 Gold versus Platinum: Temperature at intervals of 10 μV
E/μV 0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 E/μV
t / °C
0 0.00 1.65 3.28 4.89 6.49 8.07 9.64 11.20 12.74 14.27 0
100 15.78 17.28 18.77 20.25 21.72 23.17 24.62 26.05 27.47 28.89 100
200 30.29 31.68 33.07 34.44 35.81 37.17 38.52 39.86 41.19 42.51 200
300 43.83 45.14 46.44 47.74 49.02 50.30 51.58 52.84 54.10 55.36 300
400 56.60 57.84 59.08 60.31 61.53 62.75 63.96 65.17 66.37 67.56 400
500 68.75 69.94 71.12 72.29 73.46 74.63 75.79 76.94 78.09 79.24 500
600 80.38 81.52 82.65 83.78 84.90 86.02 87.14 88.25 89.36 90.46 600
700 91.56 92.66 93.75 94.84 95.92 97.01 98.08 99.16 100.23 101.29 700
800 102.36 103.42 104.47 105.53 106.58 107.62 108.67 109.71 110.74 111.78 800
900 112.81 113.84 114.86 115.88 116.90 117.92 118.93 119.94 120.95 121.95 900
1000 122.96 123.96 124.95 125.95 126.94 127.93 128.91 129.90 130.88 131.86 1000
1100 132.83 133.81 134.78 135.75 136.72 137.68 138.64 139.60 140.56 141.52 1100
1200 142.47 143.42 144.37 145.31 146.26 147.20 148.14 149.08 150.02 150.95 1200
1300 151.88 152.81 153.74 154.67 155.59 156.51 157.43 158.35 159.27 160.18 1300
1400 161.09 162.00 162.91 163.82 164.72 165.63 166.53 167.43 168.33 169.22 1400
1500 170.12 171.01 171.90 172.79 173.68 174.56 175.45 176.33 177.21 178.09 1500
1600 178.97 179.84 180.72 181.59 182.46 183.33 184.20 185.06 185.93 186.79 1600
1700 187.65 188.52 189.37 190.23 191.09 191.94 192.80 193.65 194.50 195.35 1700
1800 196.19 197.04 197.89 198.73 199.57 200.41 201.25 202.09 202.93 203.76 1800
1900 204.60 205.43 206.26 207.09 207.92 208.75 209.58 210.40 211.22 212.05 1900
2000 212.87 213.69 214.51 215.32 216.14 216.96 217.77 218.58 219.40 220.21 2000
2100 221.02 221.82 222.63 223.44 224.24 225.05 225.85 226.65 227.45 228.25 2100
2200 229.05 229.84 230.64 231.44 232.23 233.02 233.81 234.61 235.39 236.18 2200
2300 236.97 237.76 238.54 239.33 240.11 240.89 241.67 242.46 243.23 244.01 2300
2400 244.79 245.57 246.34 247.12 247.89 248.66 249.43 250.20 250.97 251.74 2400
2500 252.51 253.28 254.04 254.81 255.57 256.34 257.10 257.86 258.62 259.38 2500
2600 260.14 260.90 261.65 262.41 263.16 263.92 264.67 265.42 266.18 266.93 2600
2700 267.68 268.42 269.17 269.92 270.67 271.41 272.16 272.90 273.64 274.39 2700
2800 275.13 275.87 276.61 277.35 278.09 278.82 279.56 280.30 281.03 281.76 2800
2900 282.50 283.23 283.96 284.69 285.42 286.15 286.88 287.61 288.34 289.06 2900
3000 289.79 290.52 291.24 291.96 292.69 293.41 294.13 294.85 295.57 296.29 3000
3100 297.01 297.73 298.44 299.16 299.87 300.59 301.30 302.02 302.73 303.44 3100
3200 304.15 304.86 305.57 306.28 306.99 307.70 308.41 309.11 309.82 310.52 3200
3300 311.23 311.93 312.64 313.34 314.04 314.74 315.44 316.14 316.84 317.54 3300
3400 318.24 318.93 319.63 320.33 321.02 321.72 322.41 323.11 323.80 324.49 3400
3500 325.18 325.87 326.56 327.25 327.94 328.63 329.32 330.01 330.69 331.38 3500
3600 332.06 332.75 333.43 334.12 334.80 335.48 336.17 336.85 337.53 338.21 3600
3700 338.89 339.57 340.24 340.92 341.60 342.28 342.95 343.63 344.30 344.98 3700
3800 345.65 346.33 347.00 347.67 348.34 349.01 349.68 350.35 351.02 351.69 3800
3900 352.36 353.03 353.70 354.36 355.03 355.69 356.36 357.02 357.69 358.35 3900
62460 © IEC:2008 – 11 –
Gold versus Platinum
Temperature at intervals of 10 μV (continued)
0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90
E/μV E/μV
t / °C
4000 359.01 359.68 360.34 361.00 361.66 362.32 362.98 363.64 364.30 364.96 4000
4100 365.62 366.27 366.93 367.59 368.24 368.90 369.55 370.21 370.86 371.51 4100
4200 372.17 372.82 373.47 374.12 374.77 375.42 376.07 376.72 377.37 378.02 4200
4300 378.67 379.31 379.96 380.61 381.25 381.90 382.54 383.19 383.83 384.48 4300
4400 385.12 385.76 386.40 387.05 387.69 388.33 388.97 389.61 390.25 390.89 4400
4500 391.52 392.16 392.80 393.44 394.07 394.71 395.35 395.98 396.62 397.25 4500
4600 397.88 398.52 399.15 399.78 400.42 401.05 401.68 402.31 402.94 403.57 4600
4700 404.20 404.83 405.46 406.08 406.71 407.34 407.97 408.59 409.22 409.85 4700
4800 410.47 411.10 411.72 412.34 412.97 413.59 414.21 414.83 415.46 416.08 4800
4900 416.70 417.32 417.94 418.56 419.18 419.80 420.42 421.03 421.65 422.27 4900
5000 422.89 423.50 424.12 424.73 425.35 425.97 426.58 427.19 427.81 428.42 5000
5100 429.03 429.65 430.26 430.87 431.48 432.09 432.70 433.31 433.92 434.53 5100
5200 435.14 435.75 436.36 436.97 437.57 438.18 438.79 439.39 440.00 440.60 5200
5300 441.21 441.81 442.42 443.02 443.63 444.23 444.83 445.44 446.04 446.64 5300
5400 447.24 447.84 448.44 449.04 449.64 450.24 450.84 451.44 452.04 452.64 5400
5500 453.24 453.83 454.43 455.03 455.62 456.22 456.81 457.41 458.00 458.60 5500
5600 459.19 459.79 460.38 460.97 461.57 462.16 462.75 463.34 463.93 464.53 5600
5700 465.12 465.71 466.30 466.89 467.48 468.06 468.65 469.24 469.83 470.42 5700
5800 471.00 471.59 472.18 472.76 473.35 473.93 474.52 475.10 475.69 476.27 5800
5900 476.86 477.44 478.02 478.61 479.19 479.77 480.35 480.94 481.52 482.10 5900
6000 482.68 483.26 483.84 484.42 485.00 485.58 486.15 486.73 487.31 487.89 6000
6100 488.47 489.04 489.62 490.20 490.77 491.35 491.92 492.50 493.07 493.65 6100
6200 494.22 494.80 495.37 495.94 496.51 497.09 497.66 498.23 498.80 499.37 6200
6300 499.95 500.52 501.09 501.66 502.23 502.80 503.37 503.93 504.50 505.07 6300
6400 505.64 506.21 506.77 507.34 507.91 508.47 509.04 509.61 510.17 510.74 6400
6500 511.30 511.87 512.43 513.00 513.56 514.12 514.69 515.25 515.81 516.37 6500
6600 516.94 517.50 518.06 518.62 519.18 519.74 520.30 520.86 521.42 521.98 6600
6700 522.54 523.10 523.66 524.21 524.77 525.33 525.89 526.44 527.00 527.56 6700
6800 528.11 528.67 529.23 529.78 530.34 530.89 531.45 532.00 532.55 533.11 6800
6900 533.66 534.21 534.77 535.32 535.87 536.42 536.98 537.53 538.08 538.63 6900
7000 539.18 539.73 540.28 540.83 541.38 541.93 542.48 543.03 543.57 544.12 7000
7100 544.67 545.22 545.77 546.31 546.86 547.41 547.95 548.50 549.04 549.59 7100
7200 550.14 550.68 551.22 551.77 552.31 552.86 553.40 553.94 554.49 555.03 7200
7300 555.57 556.12 556.66 557.20 557.74 558.28 558.82 559.36 559.90 560.44 7300
7400 560.98 561.52 562.06 562.60 563.14 563.68 564.22 564.76 565.30 565.83 7400
7500 566.37 566.91 567.44 567.98 568.52 569.05 569.59 570.13 570.66 571.20 7500
7600 571.73 572.27 572.80 573.33 573.87 574.40 574.94 575.47 576.00 576.53 7600
7700 577.07 577.60 578.13 578.66 579.19 579.73 580.26 580.79 581.32 581.85 7700
7800 582.38 582.91 583.44 583.97 584.50 585.02 585.55 586.08 586.61 587.14 7800
7900 587.66 588.19 588.72 589.25 589.77 590.30 590.83 591.35 591.88 592.40 7900
– 12 – 62460 © IEC:2008
Gold versus Platinum
Temperature at intervals of 10 μV (continued)
E/μV 0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 E/μV
t / °C
8000 592.93 593.45 593.98 594.50 595.03 595.55 596.07 596.60 597.12 597.64 8000
8100 598.17 598.69 599.21 599.73 600.26 600.78 601.30 601.82 602.34 602.86 8100
8200 603.38 603.90 604.42 604.94 605.46 605.98 606.50 607.02 607.54 608.06 8200
8300 608.58 609.09 609.61 610.13 610.65 611.16 611.68 612.20 612.71 613.23 8300
8400 613.75 614.26 614.78 615.29 615.81 616.32 616.84 617.35 617.87 618.38 8400
8500 618.89 619.41 619.92 620.43 620.95 621.46 621.97 622.48 623.00 623.51 8500
8600 624.02 624.53 625.04 625.55 626.06 626.57 627.09 627.60 628.11 628.61 8600
8700 629.12 629.63 630.14 630.65 631.16 631.67 632.18 632.68 633.19 633.70 8700
8800 634.21 634.71 635.22 635.73 636.23 636.74 637.25 637.75 638.26 638.76 8800
8900 639.27 639.77 640.28 640.78 641.29 641.79 642.30 642.80 643.30 643.81 8900
9000 644.31 644.81 645.31 645.82 646.32 646.82 647.32 647.83 648.33 648.83 9000
9100 649.33 649.83 650.33 650.83 651.33 651.83 652.33 652.83 653.33 653.83 9100
9200 654.33 654.83 655.33 655.82 656.32 656.82 657.32 657.82 658.31 658.81 9200
9300 659.31 659.81 660.30 660.80 661.29 661.79 662.29 662.78 663.28 663.77 9300
9400 664.27 664.76 665.26 665.75 666.25 666.74 667.23 667.73 668.22 668.71 9400
9500 669.21 669.70 670.19 670.69 671.18 671.67 672.16 672.65 673.15 673.64 9500
9600 674.13 674.62 675.11 675.60 676.09 676.58 677.07 677.56 678.05 678.54 9600
9700 679.03 679.52 680.01 680.50 680.98 681.47 681.96 682.45 682.94 683.42 9700
9800 683.91 684.40 684.89 685.37 685.86 686.35 686.83 687.32 687.80 688.29 9800
9900 688.78 689.26 689.75 690.23 690.72 691.20 691.68 692.17 692.65 693.14 9900
10000 693.62 694.10 694.59 695.07 695.55 696.04 696.52 697.00 697.48 697.97 10000
10100 698.45 698.93 699.41 699.89 700.37 700.85 701.33 701.82 702.30 702.78 10100
10200 703.26 703.74 704.22 704.70 705.17 705.65 706.13 706.61 707.09 707.57 10200
10300 708.05 708.53 709.00 709.48 709.96 710.44 710.91 711.39 711.87 712.34 10300
10400 712.82 713.30 713.77 714.25 714.72 715.20 715.68 716.15 716.63 717.10 10400
10500 717.58 718.05 718.53 719.00 719.47 719.95 720.42 720.89 721.37 721.84 10500
10600 722.31 722.79 723.26 723.73 724.21 724.68 725.15 725.62 726.09 726.56 10600
10700 727.04 727.51 727.98 728.45 728.92 729.39 729.86 730.33 730.80 731.27 10700
10800 731.74 732.21 732.68 733.15 733.62 734.09 734.56 735.02 735.49 735.96 10800
10900 736.43 736.90 737.36 737.83 738.30 738.77 739.23 739.70 740.17 740.63 10900
11000 741.10 741.57 742.03 742.50 742.96 743.43 743.90 744.36 744.83 745.29 11000
11100 745.76 746.22 746.68 747.15 747.61 748.08 748.54 749.00 749.47 749.93 11100
11200 750.39 750.86 751.32 751.78 752.25 752.71 753.17 753.63 754.09 754.56 11200
11300 755.02 755.48 755.94 756.40 756.86 757.32 757.78 758.24 758.70 759.16 11300
11400 759.62 760.08 760.54 761.00 761.46 761.92 762.38 762.84 763.30 763.76 11400
11500 764.22 764.67 765.13 765.59 766.05 766.51 766.96 767.42 767.88 768.34 11500
11600 768.79 769.25 769.71 770.16 770.62 771.08 771.53 771.99 772.44 772.90 11600
11700 773.35 773.81 774.26 774.72 775.17 775.63 776.08 776.54 776.99 777.45 11700
11800 777.90 778.35 778.81 779.26 779.71 780.17 780.62 781.07 781.53 781.98 11800
11900 782.43 782.88 783.33 783.79 784.24 784.69 785.14 785.59 786.04 786.50 11900
62460 © IEC:2008 – 13 –
Gold versus Platinum
Temperature at intervals of 10 μV (continued)
0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90
E/μV E/μV
t / °C
12000 786.95 787.40 787.85 788.30 788.75 789.20 789.65 790.10 790.55 791.00 12000
12100 791.45 791.90 792.35 792.80 793.24 793.69 794.14 794.59 795.04 795.49 12100
12200 795.93 796.38 796.83 797.28 797.73 798.17 798.62 799.07 799.51 799.96 12200
12300 800.41 800.85 801.30 801.75 802.19 802.64 803.08 803.53 803.97 804.42 12300
12400 804.87 805.31 805.76 806.20 806.64 807.09 807.53 807.98 808.42 808.87 12400
12500 809.31 809.75 810.20 810.64 811.08 811.53 811.97 812.41 812.85 813.30 12500
12600 813.74 814.18 814.62 815.07 815.51 815.95 816.39 816.83 817.27 817.71 12600
12700 818.16 818.60 819.04 819.48 819.92 820.36 820.80 821.24 821.68 822.12 12700
12800 822.56 823.00 823.44 823.88 824.32 824.75 825.19 825.63 826.07 826.51 12800
12900 826.95 827.39 827.82 828.26 828.70 829.14 829.57 830.01 830.45 830.89 12900
13000 831.32 831.76 832.20 832.63 833.07 833.51 833.94 834.38 834.81 835.25 13000
13100 835.69 836.12 836.56 836.99 837.43 837.86 838.30 838.73 839.17 839.60 13100
13200 840.03 840.47 840.90 841.34 841.77 842.20 842.64 843.07 843.50 843.94 13200
13300 844.37 844.80 845.24 845.67 846.10 846.53 846.97 847.40 847.83 848.26 13300
13400 848.69 849.13 849.56 849.99 850.42 850.85 851.28 851.71 852.14 852.57 13400
13500 853.00 853.44 853.87 854.30 854.73 855.16 855.58 856.01 856.44 856.87 13500
13600 857.30 857.73 858.16 858.59 859.02 859.45 859.88 860.30 860.73 861.16 13600
13700 861.59 862.02 862.44 862.87 863.30 863.73 864.15 864.58 865.01 865.43 13700
13800 865.86 866.29 866.71 867.14 867.57 867.99 868.42 868.84 869.27 869.70 13800
13900 870.12 870.55 870.97 871.40 871.82 872.25 872.67 873.10 873.52 873.95 13900
14000 874.37 874.79 875.22 875.64 876.07 876.49 876.91 877.34 877.76 878.18 14000
14100 878.61 879.03 879.45 879.87 880.30 880.72 881.14 881.56 881.99 882.41 14100
14200 882.83 883.25 883.67 884.10 884.52 884.94 885.36 885.78 886.20 886.62 14200
14300 887.04 887.46 887.88 888.30 888.72 889.15 889.57 889.99 890.40 890.82 14300
14400 891.24 891.66 892.08 892.50 892.92 893.34 893.76 894.18 894.60 895.01 14400
14500 895.43 895.85 896.27 896.69 897.11 897.52 897.94 898.36 898.78 899.19 14500
14600 899.61 900.03 900.45 900.86 901.28 901.70 902.11 902.53 902.94 903.36 14600
14700 903.78 904.19 904.61 905.03 905.44 905.86 906.27 906.69 907.10 907.52 14700
14800 907.93 908.35 908.76 909.18 909.59 910.01 910.42 910.83 911.25 911.66 14800
14900 912.08 912.49 912.90 913.32 913.73 914.14 914.56 914.97 915.38 915.80 14900
15000 916.21 916.62 917.03 917.45 917.86 918.27 918.68 919.10 919.51 919.92 15000
15100 920.33 920.74 921.15 921.56 921.98 922.39 922.80 923.21 923.62 924.03 15100
15200 924.44 924.85 925.26 925.67 926.08 926.49 926.90 927.31 927.72 928.13 15200
15300 928.54 928.95 929.36 929.77 930.18 930.59 931.00 931.40 931.81 932.22 15300
15400 932.63 933.04 933.45 933.85 934.26 934.67 935.08 935.49 935.89 936.30 15400
15500 936.71 937.12 937.52 937.93 938.34 938.74 939.15 939.56 939.96 940.37 15500
15600 940.78 941.18 941.59 941.99 942.40 942.81 943.21 943.62 944.02 944.43 15600
15700 944.83 945.24 945.64 946.05 946.45 946.86 947.26 947.67 948.07 948.48 15700
15800 948.88 949.28 949.69 950.09 950.50 950.90 951.30 951.71 952.11 952.51 15800
15900 952.92 953.32 953.72 954.13 954.53 954.93 955.33 955.74 956.14 956.54 15900
– 14 – 62460 © IEC:2008
Gold versus Platinum
Temperature at intervals of 10 μV (continued)
0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90
E/μV E/μV
T /°C
16000 956.94 957.34 957.75 958.15 958.55 958.95 959.35 959.75 960.16 960.56 16000
16100 960.96 961.36 961.76 962.16 962.56 962.96 963.36 963.76 964.16 964.56 16100
16200 964.96 965.36 965.76 966.16 966.56 966.96 967.36 967.76 968.16 968.56 16200
16300 968.96 969.36 969.76 970.16 970.56 970.95 971.35 971.75 972.15 972.55 16300
16400 972.95 973.34 973.74 974.14 974.54 974.93 975.33 975.73 976.13 976.52 16400
16500 976.92 977.32 977.72 978.11 978.51 978.91 979.30 979.70 980.10 980.49 16500
16600 980.89 981.28 981.68 982.08 982.47 982.87 983.26 983.66 984.05 984.45 16600
16700 984.84 985.24 985.63 986.03 986.42 986.82 987.21 987.61 988.00 988.40 16700
16800 988.79 989.19 989.58 989.97 990.37 990.76 991.15 991.55 991.94 992.34 16800
16900 992.73 993.12 993.51 993.91 994.30 994.69 995.09 995.48 995.87 996.26 16900
17000 996.66 997.05 997.44 997.83 998.23 998.62 999.01 959.75 999.79 1000.19 17000
5.3 Thermoelectric values at the defining fixed points of the ITS-90 for Au/Pt
thermocouples (informative)
Fixed point t / °C
E/μV S/(μV/°C)
Water TP 0.01 0.06 6.037
Gallium MP 29.7646 196.25 7.133
Indium FP 156.5985 1350.94 10.861
Tin FP 231.928 2236.18 12.599
Zinc FP 419.527 4945.63 16.157
Aluminum FP 660.323 9320.44 20.139
Silver FP 961.78 16120.49 24.945
62460 © IEC:2008 – 15 –
6 Tables for Platinum versus Palladium thermocouples
6.1 Platinum versus Palladium: EMF at intervals of 1 °C
t / °C 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 t / °C
90 90
E/μV
0 0.0 5.3 10.6 15.9 21.3 26.6 31.9 37.3 42.7 48.0 0
10 53.4 58.8 64.2 69.6 75.0 80.5 85.9 91.3 96.8 102.2 10
20 107.7 113.2 118.7 124.2 129.7 135.2 140.7 146.2 151.7 157.3 20
30 162.8 168.4 173.9 179.5 185.1 190.7 196.3 201.9 207.5 213.1 30
40 218.7 224.3 230.0 235.6 241.3 246.9 252.6 258.3 264.0 269.7 40
50 275.4 281.1 286.8 292.5 298.2 303.9 309.7 315.4 321.2 326.9 50
60 332.7 338.5 344.3 350.1 355.9 361.7 367.5 373.3 379.1 384.9 60
70 390.8 396.6 402.5 408.3 414.2 420.1 425.9 431.8 437.7 443.6 70
80 449.5 455.4 461.3 467.3 473.2 479.1 485.1 491.0 497.0 502.9 80
90 508.9 514.9 520.9 526.9 532.9 538.9 544.9 550.9 556.9 562.9 90
100 569.0 575.0 581.1 587.1 593.2 599.3 605.3 611.4 617.5 623.6 100
110 629.7 635.8 641.9 648.1 654.2 660.3 666.5 672.6 678.8 684.9 110
120 691.1 697.3 703.5 709.7 715.9 722.1 728.3 734.5 740.7 746.9 120
130 753.2 759.4 765.7 771.9 778.2 784.5 790.7 797.0 803.3 809.6 130
140 815.9 822.2 828.6 834.9 841.2 847.6 853.9 860.3 866.6 873.0 140
150 879.4 885.8 892.2 898.6 905.0 911.4 917.8 924.2 930.7 937.1 150
160 943.6 950.0 956.5 962.9 969.4 975.9 982.4 988.9 995.4 1001.9 160
170 1008.5 1015.0 1021.5 1028.1 1034.6 1041.2 1047.8 1054.4 1060.9 1067.5 170
180 1074.1 1080.7 1087.4 1094.0 1100.6 1107.3 1113.9 1120.6 1127.2 1133.9 180
190 1140.6 1147.3 1154.0 1160.7 1167.4 1174.1 1180.9 1187.6 1194.4 1201.1 190
200 1207.9 1214.7 1221.4 1228.2 1235.0 1241.8 1248.7 1255.5 1262.3 1269.2 200
210 1276.0 1282.9 1289.7 1296.6 1303.5 1310.4 1317.3 1324.2 1331.2 1338.1 210
220 1345.0 1352.0 1358.9 1365.9 1372.9 1379.9 1386.9 1393.9 1400.9 1407.9 220
230 1415.0 1422.0 1429.1 1436.1 1443.2 1450.3 1457.4 1464.5 1471.6 1478.7 230
240 1485.9 1493.0 1500.2 1507.3 1514.5 1521.7 1528.9 1536.1 1543.3 1550.5 240
250 1557.7 1565.0 1572.2 1579.5 1586.8 1594.1 1601.4 1608.7 1616.0 1623.3 250
260 1630.7 1638.0 1645.4 1652.7 1660.1 1667.5 1674.9 1682.3 1689.7 1697.2 260
270 1704.6 1712.1 1719.6 1727.0 1734.5 1742.0 1749.5 1757.1 1764.6 1772.2 270
280 1779.7 1787.3 1794.9 1802.5 1810.1 1817.7 1825.3 1833.0 1840.6 1848.3 280
290 1856.0 1863.6 1871.3 1879.1 1886.8 1894.5 1902.3 1910.0 1917.8 1925.6 290
300 1933.4 1941.2 1949.0 1956.8 1964.7 1972.5 1980.4 1988.3 1996.2 2004.1 300
310 2012.0 2019.9 2027.9 2035.9 2043.8 2051.8 2059.8 2067.8 2075.8 2083.9 310
320 2091.9 2100.0 2108.1 2116.2 2124.3 2132.4 2140.5 2148.6 2156.8 2165.0 320
330 2173.1 2181.3 2189.5 2197.8 2206.0 2214.2 2222.5 2230.8 2239.1 2247.4 330
340 2255.7 2264.0 2272.4 2280.7 2289.1 2297.5 2305.9 2314.3 2322.7 2331.2 340
350 2339.6 2348.1 2356.6 2365.1 2373.6 2382.1 2390.7 2399.2 2407.8 2416.4 350
360 2425.0 2433.6 2442.2 2450.9 2459.5 2468.2 2476.9 2485.6 2494.3 2503.1 360
370 2511.8 2520.6 2529.3 2538.1 2546.9 2555.8 2564.6 2573.5 2582.3 2591.2 370
380 2600.1 2609.0 2617.9 2626.9 2635.8 2644.8 2653.8 2662.8 2671.8 2680.9 380
390 2689.9 2699.0 2708.1 2717.2 2726.3 2735.4 2744.6 2753.7 2762.9 2772.1 390
– 16 – 62460 © IEC:2008
Platinum versus Palladium
EMF at intervals of 1 °C (continued)
t / °C 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 t / °C
90 90
E/μV
400 2781.3 2790.5 2799.8 2809.0 2818.3 2827.6 2836.9 2846.2 2855.6 2864.9 400
410 2874.3 2883.7 2893.1 2902.5 2911.9 2921.4 2930.8 2940.3 2949.8 2959.3 410
420 2968.9 2978.4 2988.0 2997.6 3007.2 3016.8 3026.4 3036.0 3045.7 3055.4 420
430 3065.1 3074.8 3084.5 3094.3 3104.1 3113.8 3123.6 3133.5 3143.3 3153.1 430
440 3163.0 3172.9 3182.8 3192.7 3202.6 3212.6 3222.6 3232.5 3242.6 3252.6 440
450 3262.6 3272.7 3282.7 3292.8 3302.9 3313.1 3323.2 3333.4 3343.5 3353.7 450
460 3363.9 3374.2 3384.4 3394.7 3405.0 3415.3 3425.6 3435.9 3446.3 3456.6 460
470 3467.0 3477.4 3487.9 3498.3 3508.8 3519.2 3529.7 3540.2 3550.8 3561.3 470
480 3571.9 3582.5 3593.1 3603.7 3614.3 3625.0 3635.7 3646.4 3657.1 3667.8 480
490 3678.5 3689.3 3700.1 3710.9 3721.7 3732.5 3743.4 3754.3 3765.2 3776.1 490
500 3787.0 3797.9 3808.9 3819.9 3830.9 3841.9 3853.0 3864.0 3875.1 3886.2 500
510 3897.3 3908.4 3919.6 3930.7 3941.9 3953.1 3964.3 3975.6 3986.8 3998.1 510
520 4009.4 4020.7 4032.1 4043.4 4054.8 4066.2 4077.6 4089.0 4100.5 4111.9 520
530 4123.4 4134.9 4146.4 4158.0 4169.5 4181.1 4192.7 4204.3 4215.9 4227.6 530
540 4239.3 4250.9 4262.7 4274.4 4286.1 4297.9 4309.7 4321.5 4333.3 4345.1 540
550 4357.0 4368.9 4380.8 4392.7 4404.6 4416.6 4428.5 4440.5 4452.5 4464.6 550
560 4476.6 4488.7 4500.8 4512.9 4525.0 4537.1 4549.3 4561.5 4573.7 4585.9 560
570 4598.1 4
...
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