IEC 63455:2025

Multimedia systems and equipment - Multimedia signal transmission - Dependable line code with error correction

IEC 63455:2025 specifies the 4b/10b line code with error correction for dependable multimedia data transmission, especially for real-time communications even in noisy environments, such as IoT devices, wearable devices, sensor networks, robotics, and spacecraft. This document corresponds to the functions specified in layer 1 to layer 2 of the OSI reference model (ISO/IEC 7498).
This document aims to facilitate the usage of the 4b/10b line code in complex systems by providing the 4b/10b line code protocol. This document defines the 4b/10b line code protocol for interconnections in complex systems, mainly distributed real-time systems such as embedded systems, control systems, IoT devices, wearable devices, sensor networks, amusement systems, robot systems, and spacecraft. Specifically, the 4b/10b line code is the line code that realizes embedded clock, DC balance, error detection, and error correction at the same time, whose functions are not satisfied by a conventional single line code so that the 4b/10b line code can achieve highly reliable digital communications. The most significant feature of the 4b/10b line code is that it is a line code with error correction capability. Therefore, there is no need for error correction in the upper layers, and communication can be performed using only the 4b/10b line code in noisy environments.

Systèmes et équipements multimédias - Transmission de signaux multimédias - Code en ligne fiable avec capacité de correction d'erreurs

IEC 63455:2025 spécifie le code en ligne 4b/10b avec correction d’erreurs pour la transmission fiable de données multimédias, en particulier pour les communications en temps réel, même dans des environnements bruyants, tels que les dispositifs IdO, les dispositifs portatifs, les réseaux de capteurs, la robotique et les engins spatiaux. Il correspond aux fonctions spécifiées dans les couches 1 à 2 du modèle de référence OSI (ISO/IEC 7498).
Le présent document vise à faciliter l’utilisation du code en ligne 4b/10b dans les systèmes complexes en fournissant le protocole de code en ligne 4b/10b. Il définit le protocole de code en ligne 4b/10b pour les interconnexions dans les systèmes complexes, principalement les systèmes distribués en temps réel tels que les systèmes embarqués, les systèmes de commande, les dispositifs IdO, les dispositifs portatifs, les réseaux de capteurs, les systèmes de divertissement, les systèmes robotiques, et les engins spatiaux. Plus précisément, le code en ligne 4b/10b est celui qui réalise simultanément l’horloge intégrée, l’équilibrage du courant continu, la détection d’erreurs et la correction d’erreurs, dont les fonctions ne sont pas assumées par un seul code en ligne conventionnel, de sorte que le code en ligne 4b/10b puisse réaliser des communications numériques hautement fiables. La caractéristique la plus importante du code en ligne 4b/10b est qu’il s’agit d’un code en ligne avec une capacité de correction d’erreurs. La correction d’erreurs n’est donc pas nécessaire dans les couches supérieures et la communication peut être effectuée en utilisant uniquement le code en ligne 4b/10b dans les environnements bruyants.

General Information

• Status: Published
• Publication Date: 01-May-2025
• ICS: 33.160.60 - Multimedia systems and teleconferencing equipment
• ICS: 35.110 - Networking
• Technical Committee: TA 18 - Multimedia home systems and applications for end-user networks
• Drafting Committee: PT 63455 - TC 100/TA 18/PT 63455
• Current Stage: PPUB - Publication issued
• Start Date: 02-May-2025
• Completion Date: 23-May-2025

Standards Content (Sample)

IEC 63455 ®
Edition 1.0 2025-05
INTERNATIONAL
STANDARD
NORME
INTERNATIONALE
Multimedia systems and equipment – Multimedia signal transmission –
Dependable line code with error correction

Systèmes et équipements multimédias – Transmission de signaux multimédias –
Code en ligne fiable avec capacité de correction d'erreurs

ICS 33.160.60, 35.110 ISBN 978-2-8327-0384-7

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– 2 – IEC 63455:2025 © IEC 2025
CONTENTS
FOREWORD . 3
INTRODUCTION . 5
1 Scope . 7
2 Normative references . 7
3 Terms, definitions and abbreviated terms . 7
3.1 Terms and definitions . 7
3.2 Abbreviated terms. 8
4 4b/10b line code . 8
4.1 Overview . 8
4.2 Embedded clock . 9
4.3 DC balance . 9
4.4 Error detection and error correction . 9
4.5 4b/10b data coding . 10
4.6 4b/10b control code coding . 10
4.7 4b/10b coding . 11
4.8 Decoding and error handling . 11
4.8.1 Decoding scheme . 11
4.8.2 No error . 11
4.8.3 1-bit error . 11
4.8.4 2-bit error . 11
4.8.5 Over 3-bit errors . 11
4.8.6 Decoder . 12
Annex A (informative) Characteristics of embedded clock . 13
Annex B (informative) Characteristics of DC balance . 14
Annex C (informative) An example implementation of a decoder . 15
Annex D (informative) Examples of K codes usage . 21
Bibliography . 22

Figure 1 – Communications among sensor networks and wearable devices . 6

Table 1 – The 4b/10b coding table . 10
Table A.1 – An example of the length of consecutive 0s or 1s in case of a 1-bit error . 13
Table B.1 – An example of the equality of the number of 0s and 1s in a consecutive
10-bit window . 14
Table C.1 – An example of decoding in the case of no error . 16
Table C.2 – An example of decoding in the case of a 1-bit error . 17
Table C.3 – An example of decoding in the case of a 2-bit error . 18
Table C.4 – An example of decoding in the case of a 3-bit error . 19

INTERNATIONAL ELECTROTECHNICAL COMMISSION
____________
MULTIMEDIA SYSTEMS AND EQUIPMENT –
MULTIMEDIA SIGNAL TRANSMISSION –
DEPENDABLE LINE CODE WITH ERROR CORRECTION

FOREWORD
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IEC 63455 has been prepared by Technical Area 18: Multimedia home systems and applications
for end-user networks, of IEC technical committee 100: Audio, video and multimedia systems
and equipment. It is an International Standard.
The text of this International Standard is based on the following documents:
Draft Report on voting
100/4289/FDIS 100/4318/RVD
Full information on the voting for its approval can be found in the report on voting indicated in
the above table.
The language used for the development of this International Standard is English.

– 4 – IEC 63455:2025 © IEC 2025
This document was drafted in accordance with ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2, and developed in
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