IEC 60045-1:2020

Steam turbines - Part 1: Specifications

IEC 60045-1:2020 is applicable primarily to land-based horizontal steam turbines driving generators for electrical power services. Some of its provisions are relevant to turbines for other applications. Generator, gear box and other auxiliaries which are considered as a part of the system are also mentioned in this document. Detailed specifications for this equipment are not included in this document.
The purpose of this document is to make an intending purchaser aware of options and alternatives which it may wish to consider, and to enable it to state its technical requirements clearly to potential suppliers. Consequently, final technical requirements will be in accordance with an agreement between the purchaser and the supplier in the contract.
This second edition cancels and replaces the first edition published in 1991. This edition constitutes a technical revision.
This edition includes the following significant technical changes with respect to the previous edition:
a) Scope clarification and boundaries of applicability;
b) general update to state-of-the-art technology;
c) integration of product safety: Clause 5;
d) integration of automation, incorporating the former annex on electronic governors: Clause 11;
e) Informative Annex A on welding added.

Turbines à vapeur - Partie 1: Spécifications

IEC 60045-1:2020 est applicable en premier lieu aux turbines à vapeur horizontales pour applications terrestres entraînant des alternateurs de production d'énergie électrique. Certaines de ces dispositions sont applicables aux turbines pour d'autres usages. Les alternateurs, la transmission et les auxiliaires qui sont considérés comme des parties intégrantes du système sont également mentionnés dans le présent document. Le présent document ne fournit pas de spécifications détaillées concernant ces équipements.
Le but de ce document est de rendre un éventuel acheteur conscient des options et des variantes qu'il peut souhaiter envisager et de lui permettre d'exprimer clairement ses exigences techniques auprès des fournisseurs potentiels. Par conséquent, les exigences techniques finales seront conformes à un accord contractuel entre l'acheteur et le fournisseur.
Cette deuxième édition annule et remplace la première édition parue en 1991. Cette édition constitue une révision technique.
Cette édition inclut les modifications techniques majeures suivantes par rapport à l'édition précédente:
a) clarification du domaine d'application et des limites d'applicabilité;
b) mise à jour par rapport à l'état d'avancement de la technologie;
c) intégration de la sécurité des produits: Article 5;
d) intégration de l'automatisation, incorporant l'ancienne annexe sur les régulateurs électroniques: Article 11;
e) ajout de l'Annexe A informative concernant le soudage.

General Information

• Status: Published
• Publication Date: 12-May-2020
• ICS: 01 - GENERALITIES. TERMINOLOGY. STANDARDIZATION. DOCUMENTATION
• ICS: 23.060.40 - Pressure regulators
• ICS: 25.040.40 - Industrial process measurement and control
• ICS: 27.040 - Gas and steam turbines. Steam engines
• Technical Committee: TC 5 - Steam turbines
• Drafting Committee: MT 12 - TC 5/MT 12
• Current Stage: PPUB - Publication issued
• Start Date: 12-Jun-2020
• Completion Date: 13-May-2020

Standards Content (Sample)

IEC 60045-1
®

Edition 2.0 2020-05
INTERNATIONAL
STANDARD
NORME
INTERNATIONALE


Steam turbines –
Part 1: Specifications

Turbines à vapeur –
Partie 1: Spécifications

IEC 60045-1:2020-05(en-fr)

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IEC 60045-1

®


Edition 2.0 2020-05




INTERNATIONAL



STANDARD




NORME



INTERNATIONALE











Steam turbines –

Part 1: Specifications




Turbines à vapeur –

Partie 1: Spécifications
















INTERNATIONAL

ELECTROTECHNICAL

COMMISSION


COMMISSION

ELECTROTECHNIQUE


INTERNATIONALE




ICS 27.040 ISBN 978-2-8322-8313-4




Warning! Make sure that you obtained this publication from an authorized distributor.

Attention! Veuillez vous assurer que vous avez obtenu cette publication via un distributeur agréé.

® Registered trademark of the International Electrotechnical Commission
Marque déposée de la Commission Electrotechnique Internationale

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– 2 – IEC 60045-1:2020 © IEC 2020
CONTENTS
FOREWORD . 7
INTRODUCTION . 9
1 Scope . 10
2 Normative references . 10
3 Terms and definitions . 11
3.1 Turbine types . 11
3.2 Methods of initial steam admission . 13
3.3 Interfaces and terminal conditions . 13
3.4 Speeds . 16
3.5 Powers . 17
3.6 Steam flow rate and steam rate. 18
3.7 Heat rates . 18
3.9 Operational regimes (modes) . 19
3.10 Methods of load variation . 19
3.11 Operational life . 20
3.12 Control and protection . 20
4 Guarantees. 21
4.1 General . 21
4.2 Thermal performance guarantees . 21
4.2.1 Performance codes . 21
4.2.2 Turbine plant thermal efficiency or heat rate or steam rate . 21
4.2.3 Output or steam flow capacity . 22
4.2.4 Auxiliary plant power . 22
4.2.5 Steam tables . 22
4.2.6 Tolerances . 22
4.2.7 Ageing . 23
5 Product safety . 23
5.1 General . 23
5.2 Risk assessment . 23
5.2.1 General . 23
5.2.2 Limits of the assessments . 23
5.2.3 Definition of hazards to be considered . 24
5.2.4 Hazard identification . 24
5.2.5 Risk estimation . 24
5.3 Risk reduction . 25
5.4 Interface descriptions . 25
5.5 Documentation . 26
6 Operation and maintenance . 26
6.1 Normal operation . 26
6.1.1 General . 26
6.1.2 Start-up categories . 26
6.1.3 Specification of load collective . 26
6.1.4 Start-up time . 27
6.1.5 Steam generator characteristics . 27
6.1.6 Expected load operation . 27
6.1.7 Turbine by-pass system . 28

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IEC 60045-1:2020 © IEC 2020 – 3 –
6.1.8 Auxiliary steam . 28
6.2 Limits of variation of parameters from rated conditions . 28
6.2.1 General . 28
6.2.2 Initial pressure . 29
6.2.3 Initial and, where applicable, reheat temperature . 29
6.2.4 Turbine exhaust pressure/temperature. 31
6.2.5 Speed . 32
6.3 Abnormal operation . 32
6.3.1 Cases . 32
6.3.2 Limitations from abnormal turbine operation . 32
6.3.3 Boundary conditions at abnormal turbine operation . 32
6.4 Installation conditions . 33
6.4.1 Indoor/outdoor . 33
6.4.2 Seismic condition. 33
6.5 Maintenance . 33
6.6 Operating instructions . 33
7 Components . 34
7.1 Materials, construction and design . 34
7.2 Parts subject to high temperatures . 34
7.2.1 Unstressed parts . 34
7.2.2 Stressed parts . 34
7.3 Casings and pedestals . 34
7.4 Rotors . 34
7.4.1 Balancing . 34
7.4.2 Critical speeds . 34
7.4.3 Overspeed . 35
7.4.4 Short-circuit and other abnormal torque loads . 35
7.4.5 Shaft train . 35
7.5 Valves. 36
7.6 Main bearings and housings . 36
7.7 Cylinder and interstage glands . 36
7.8 Thermal insulation . 36
7.9 Welding . 36
8 Foundations and buildings . 37
9 Extractions, bleeds and exhausts . 37
9.1 General . 37
9.2 Requirements on steam parameters and volume flow . 38
9.3 Design of steam outlets . 38
9.4 Limits of supply . 38
9.5 Boundary conditions for guarantees . 39
9.6 Protection devices against backflow of water and steam . 39
9.6.1 Water ingress from the feedwater heating system or other condensation
systems . 39
9.6.2 Preventing steam backflow to steam turbine to avoid overspeed . 40
9.6.3 Unwanted steam from cold reheat system . 40
10 Turbine auxiliary systems . 41
10.1 General . 41
10.2 Lubricating oil . 41
10.3 Control fluid . 42

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– 4 – IEC 60045-1:2020 © IEC 2020
10.4 Sealing system for rotor and valve glands . 42
10.5 Drains . 42
10.6 Vents . 42
10.7 Turning gear . 43
10.8 Piping . 43
11 Automation . 43
11.1 General . 43
11.2 General requirements in relation to the steam turbine automation system . 43
11.2.1 Environmental conditions . 43
11.2.2 Electromagnetic compatibility . 44
11.2.3 Requirements as to hardware and software design . 44
11.2.4 Tests of the steam turbine automation system . 45
11.3 Turbine Control System (TCS) . 46
11.3.1 General . 46
11.3.2 Functional requirements as to governing system. 46
11.3.3 Speed and load adjustments . 47
11.3.4 Controller characteristics . 47
11.3.5 Performance characteristics . 47
11.3.6 Valve testing control . 48
11.3.7 Facilities . 48
11.3.8 Control functions for auxiliary systems . 48
11.3.9 Monitoring functions and/or informative messages . 49
11.4 Steam turbine protection . 49
11.4.1 Functional requirements for protection . 49
11.4.2 Requirements as to the design of the protection system . 51
11.5 Instrumentation . 52
11.5.1 General . 52
11.5.2 Standard instruments . 52
11.5.3 Turbine supervisory instrumentation (TSI) . 52
11.5.4 Additional instruments . 53
11.5.5 Test measuring points . 53
12 Other devices for protection of the turbine and of interfacing systems . 54
12.1 Low-pressure casing and condenser pressurization . 54
12.2 Valve casing pressurization . 54
13 Vibration . 54
13.1 General . 54
13.2 Vibration measured at the bearing housing . 54
13.3 Vibration measured at the shaft . 54
14 Noise . 54
14.1 General . 54
14.2 Noise emitted by the steam turbine . 55
14.3 Noise level in the vicinity of the turbine unit . 55
15 Tests . 55
15.1 General . 55
15.2 Testing of pressurized components . 55
15.3 Performance tests . 55
15.4 Test results and data . 56
16 Delivery and installation. 56

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IEC 60045-1:2020 © IEC 2020 – 5 –
16.1 Transport to site and temporary protection . 56
16.2 Erection and commissioning . 56
17 Design information to be supplied by the purchaser . 56
17.1 General . 56
17.2 Characteristics of the turbine and its accessories . 56
17.3 Steam and water conditions . 57
17.4 Conditions for condensers and coolers (where this equipment is within the
supplier's scope of supply) . 58
17.5 Information on regenerative feedwater heating . 58
17.6 Applications: installation and mode of operation . 59
17.7 Foundations . 60
17.8 Terminal points . 60
17.9 Delivery site conditions . 60
17.10 Tests . 61
17.11 Automation system . 61
17.12 Documentation . 61
17.13 Quality measures . 61
17.14 Participation in risk assessment . 61
18 Design information to be provided by the supplier . 61
18.1 General . 61
18.2 Piping . 62
18.3 Thermal expansion . 62
18.4 Information on regenerative feedwater heating . 62
18.5 Pipe connections . 62
18.6 Time schedule . 62
18.7 Auxiliary media and electrical supply . 62
18.8 Turbine foundations . 62
18.9 Instrumentation and control . 63
18.10 Heat emissions . 63
Annex A (informative) Welding of stationary components of steam turbines . 64
A.1 General . 64
A.2 Principles for design, qualification and execution of welding . 64
A.3 Welding supervision, welding personnel . 66
A.4 Testing . 67
A.5 Documentation . 67
Bibliography . 68


Figure 1 – Condensing steam turbine interfaces . 14
Figure 2 – Extraction steam turbine interfaces . 14
Figure 3 – Single shaft combined cycle with multi casing steam turbine interfaces . 15


Table 1 – Permissible variations for rated pressure . 29
Table 2 – Permissible temperature variations for rated temperature up to 566 °C . 30
Table 3 – Permissible temperature variations for rated temperature higher than 566 °C
up to 630 °C . 31
Table 4 – Environment classes . 43
Table 5 – Controller droop and dead band characteristics . 47

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– 6 – IEC 60045-1:2020 © IEC 2020
Table 6 – Maximum load non-linearity and load stability . 48
Table A.1 – Correlation between function and foreseeable risk potential and
manufacturer's quality requirements according to ISO 3834 . 65
Table A.2 – Correlation of structural integrity and quality levels . 65
Table A.3 – Qualification of welding procedures (WPQR) for processes 111, 14, 12, 13,

15, 51 (electron beam welding), 52 (laser welding) . 66

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IEC 60045-1:2020 © IEC 2020 – 7 –
INTERNATIONAL ELECTROTECHNICAL COMMISSION
____________

STEAM TURBINES –

Part 1: Specifications

FOREWORD
1) The International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) is a worldwide organization for standardization comprising
all national electrotechnical committees (IEC National Committees). The object of IEC is to promote
international co-operation on all questions concerning s
...