IEC TR 63352:2022

Transmitting and receiving equipment for radiocommunication - Radio spectrum measurement method - 300-GHz spectrum measurement equipment

IEC TR 63352:2022 describes a high-dynamic-range spectrum measurement system to measure spectra in the frequency range 140 GHz to 300 GHz. Although millimeter-wave (mmWave) technology has high potential for both industries and users, there are no developed techniques for evaluating spectra suppressing the unwanted response generated in the measurement system. This document also provides background information, describes system configurations, key mmWave pre-selector technology, as well as some examples of the spurious measurement of antennas under test (AUTs) over the air.

General Information

• Status: Published
• Publication Date: 25-Apr-2022
• ICS: 33.060.20 - Receiving and transmitting equipment
• Technical Committee: TC 103 - Transmitting and receiving equipment for radiocommunication
• Current Stage: PPUB - Publication issued
• Start Date: 26-Apr-2022
• Completion Date: 03-May-2022

Overview

IEC TR 63352:2022 - "Transmitting and receiving equipment for radiocommunication - Radio spectrum measurement method - 300‑GHz spectrum measurement equipment" - is a Technical Report from IEC TC 103 that addresses spectrum measurement methods for the mmWave band from 140 GHz to 300 GHz. The report describes a high‑dynamic‑range spectrum measurement system and proposes an mmWave pre‑selector to reduce unwanted responses and spurious signals that compromise accurate measurement at these frequencies. It also provides background context, system configurations and over‑the‑air (OTA) spurious measurement examples for antennas under test (AUTs).

Key Topics

• Frequency range covered: 140 GHz to 300 GHz - practical guidance for the 300‑GHz band.
• High‑dynamic‑range measurement systems: architecture and considerations to detect low‑level signals in the presence of high‑power inputs.
• mmWave pre‑selector technology: approaches to suppress image and spurious responses originating in mixers, multipliers and front‑end hardware.
• Spectrum analyser configurations: optical and electrical local oscillator generation options, pre‑selection methods and block diagrams.
• Performance metrics discussed: displayed average noise level (DANL), third‑order intercept (TOI), unwanted response characterization, calibration and signal‑source requirements.
• OTA measurement examples: spurious emissions measurement of AUTs, propagation loss and integrated system evaluation in realistic test setups.
• Background and regulatory context: references to IEEE Std 802.15.3d, experimental licensing above 95 GHz and WRC‑19 agenda considerations.

Practical Applications

• Test and calibration of mmWave radio components and subsystems used in research, industrial sensing, LIDAR, FOD radar and high‑speed wireless links.
• Measurement of spurious emissions and spectral purity for antenna manufacturers and test labs performing OTA evaluations of AUTs.
• Development of measurement equipment and spectrum analysers targeting the 300‑GHz band, including pre‑selector designs and low‑noise front ends.
• Support for spectrum managers, regulators and standards developers assessing coexistence and allocation issues in the high‑frequency mmWave bands.

Who Should Use It

• RF and mmWave test engineers, design and verification teams.
• Laboratory managers and certification bodies establishing measurement procedures for 140–300 GHz.
• Equipment manufacturers designing high‑frequency spectrum analysers, mixers and pre‑selectors.
• Regulators and spectrum planners working on mmWave allocation, measurement and compliance.

Related Standards

• IEEE Std 802.15.3d (300‑GHz PHY guidance) - referenced for use cases and frequency plan.
• ITU/WRC and national experimental licensing frameworks for frequencies above 95 GHz - context for spectrum policy and testing.

IEC TR 63352:2022 is a practical resource for implementing accurate, low‑spurious spectrum measurements in the emerging 300‑GHz ecosystem. Keywords: IEC TR 63352:2022, 300‑GHz spectrum measurement, mmWave pre‑selector, high‑dynamic‑range spectrum analyser, OTA spurious measurement.

Standards Content (Sample)

IEC TR 63352 ®
Edition 1.0 2022-04
TECHNICAL
REPORT
colour
inside
Transmitting and receiving equipment for radiocommunication – Radio
spectrum measurement method – 300-GHz spectrum measurement equipment
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IEC TR 63352 ®
Edition 1.0 2022-04
TECHNICAL
REPORT
colour
inside
Transmitting and receiving equipment for radiocommunication – Radio

spectrum measurement method – 300-GHz spectrum measurement equipment

INTERNATIONAL
ELECTROTECHNICAL
COMMISSION
ICS 33.060.20 ISBN 978-2-8322-1096-0

– 2 – IEC TR 63352:2022 © IEC 2022
CONTENTS
FOREWORD . 4
INTRODUCTION . 6
1 Scope . 7
2 Normative references . 7
3 Terms, definitions and abbreviated terms . 7
3.1 Terms and definitions . 7
3.2 Abbreviated terms . 7
4 Background to measurement up to 300 GHz . 8
4.1 IEEE Std 802.15.3d . 8
4.2 FOD radar . 8
4.3 Experimental frequency license above 95 GHz . 8
4.4 ITU WRC-19 agenda item 1.15 . 9
4.5 Issue of conventional spectrum measurement for mmWave . 9
5 300-GHz band spectrum measurement . 10
5.1 Overview. 10
5.2 300-GHz spectrum analyser configuration . 11
5.3 mmWave pre-selector . 13
5.4 Performance of mmWave spectrum analyser . 15
5.4.1 General . 15
5.4.2 Signal source for calibration and test . 16
5.4.3 Spectrum measurement . 17
5.4.4 Unwanted response . 18
5.4.5 Displayed average noise level . 20
5.4.6 Third-order intercept point . 20
6 Spectrum analyser overall performance . 21
6.1 General . 21
6.2 Measurement examples . 21
6.3 Integrated spectrum measurement system evaluation . 22
6.4 Propagation loss measurement results . 23
6.5 Evaluation with integrated spectrum measurement system . 24
6.6 Discussion of evaluation results . 27
Bibliography . 29

Figure 1 – IEEE Std 802.15.3d-2017 (Amendment 2) frequency plan . 8
Figure 2 – Spectrum observed by spectrum analyser without pre-selector. 10
Figure 3 – External appearance of 300-GHz band spectrum analyser . 11
Figure 4 – Standard spectrum analyser configuration . 11
Figure 5 – 300-GHz spectrum analysis system with optical local signal generation . 12
Figure 6 – 300-GHz spectrum analysis system with electrical local signal generation. 12
Figure 7 – Standard spectrum-analyser configuration . 13
Figure 8 – Image response mechanism . 14
Figure 9 – Conventional preselection method. 14
Figure 10 – Filter-bank type pre-selector . 15
Figure 11 – Measurement results . 15

Figure 12 – Measurement set-up . 16
Figure 13 – System set-up for level calibration . 16
Figure 14 – Signal source for level calibration and evaluation . 16
Figure 15 – Signal source output power . 17
Figure 16 – Signal source spurious performance. 17
Figure 17 – Spectrum measurement result from 255 GHz to 315 GHz . 18
Figure 18 – Relationship between input RF signal and displayed frequency . 19
Figure 19 – Comparison of spurious response with and without pre-selector
(RBW = 1 MHz, Detection = Positive/Negative) . 19
Figure 20 – Displayed average noise level . 20
Figure 21 – Third-order intercept point . 20
Figure 22 – TOI measurement results (Span 0 Hz, ATT 0 dB, RBW 300 Hz) . 21
Figure 23 – Integrated spectrum measurement system . 22
Figure 24 – Integrated spectrum measurement system evaluation . 23
Figure 25 – Propagation loss measurement system . 23
Figure 26 – Propagation loss (propagation distance d = 500 mm) . 24
Figure 27 – Spectrum evaluation in OTA measurement environment . 25
Figure 28 – Integrated spectrum measurement system monitoring screens . 26
Figure 29 – Output signal directivity . 28

Table 1 – Frequency bands covered by spectrum analyser . 10
Table 2 – J-band spectrum analyser target specifications . 11
Table 3 – Comparison of two local signal generation methods . 13
Table 4 – Frequency bands covered by spectrum analyser . 21
Table 5 – Standard gain horn antenna specifications . 23
Table 6 – 12 Multiplier specifications . 25
Table 7 – Output signal and spurious frequency (11,75 GHz input frequency) . 25

– 4 – IEC TR 63352:2022 © IEC 2022
INTERNATIONAL ELECTROTECHNICAL COMMISSION
____________
TRANSMITTING AND RECEIVING EQUIPMENT FOR
RADIOCOMMUNICATION –
RADIO SPECTRUM MEASUREMENT METHOD – 300-GHz SPECTRUM
MEASUREMENT EQUIPMENT
FOREWORD
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IEC TR 63352 has been prepared by IEC technical committee 103: Transmitting equipment for
radiocommunication. It is a Technical Report.
The text of this Technical Report is based on the following documents:
Draft Report on voting
103/206/DTR 103/223/RVDTR
Full information on the voting for its approval can be found in the report on voting indicated in
the above table.
The language used for the development of this Technical Report is English.

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– 6 – IEC TR 63352:2022 © IEC 2022
INTRODUCTION
This document describes a high-dynamic-range spectrum measurement system to measure
spectra in the frequency range 140 GHz to 300 GHz. Although millimeter-wave (mmWave)
technology has high potential for both industries and users, there are no developed techniques
for evaluating spectra suppressing the unwanted response generated in the measurement
system. In addition, the commercialized spectrum analyser for this frequency band cannot
accurately measure low power input signals due to the insufficient dynamic range while high
power signals are input to the spectrum analyser simultaneously. This document describes the
high-dynamic-range spectrum measurement system with low unwanted response for measuring
spectra in the frequency range 140 GHz to 300 GHz, and proposes an mmWave pre-selector
to suppress the unwanted response generated in the measurement system.

TRANSMITTING AND RECEIVING EQUIPMENT FOR
RADIOCOMMUNICATION –
RADIO SPECTRUM MEASUREMENT METHOD – 300-GHz SPECTRUM
MEASUREMENT EQUIPMENT
1 Scope
This document specifies spectrum measurement methods in the frequency range 140 GHz to
300 GHz. This document also provides background information, describes system
configurations, key mmWave pre-selector technology, as well as some examples of the spurious
measurement of antennas under test (AUTs) over the air.
2 Normative references
There are no normative references in this document.
3 Terms, definitions and abbreviated terms
3.1 Terms and definitions
No terms and definitions are listed in this document.
ISO and IEC maintain terminological databases for use in standardization at the following
addresses:
• IEC Electropedia: available at http://www.electropedia.org/
• ISO Online browsing platform: available at http://www.iso.org/obp
3.2 Abbreviated terms
mmWave millimetre-wave
ACLR adjacent channel leakage power ratio
ATT attenuator
AUT antenna under test
DANL displayed average noise level
DUT device under test
FCC Federal Communications Commission
FOD foreign object debris
IF intermediate frequency
IR infra-red
LIDAR light detection and ranging
LO local oscillator
OOK on-off-keying
OTA over the air
PC personal computer
PHY physical layer
QAM quadrature amplitude modulation

– 8 – IEC TR 63352:2022 © IEC 2022
RBW resolution bandwidth
RF radio frequency
SHM sub-harmonic mixer
SPA spectrum analyser
TE mode transverse electric mode
TOI third-order intercept
YIG filter yttrium-iron-garnet filter
WRC World Radiocommunication Conference

4 Background to measurement up to 300 GHz
4.1 IEEE Std 802.15.3d
The IEEE SA Standards Board approved the first edition of the IEEE Std 802.15.3 standard on
March 15, 2016; it was also adopted and approved by the ISO/IEC national bodies. There are
three amendments to IEEE Std 802.15.3. IEEE Std 802.15.3d-2017 (Amendment 2) considers
non-coherent OOK and coherent QAM up to 64 on the 300-GHz band. Two PHY modes are
defined that enable data rates of up to 100 Gb/s using eight different bandwidths between 2,16
GHz and 69,12 GHz. The current frequency plan is depicted in Figure 1, although it considers
a broad range of possible channel allocations.

Figure 1 – IEEE Std 802.15.3d-2017 (Amendment 2) frequency plan
4.2 FOD radar
After the Air France Concorde crash in 2000, which was caused by engine ingress of runway
debris, airport operators focused on the use of  foreign object debris (FOD) detection systems.
Several technologies, such as cameras, IR, LIDAR, and other sensors are being tested. One
candidate is the mmWave radar because it can detect small metallic objects using converted
automotive radar in the 77-GHz band. If the system requires finer resolution, the 92-GHz to
100-GHz band for radio location services should be used for the purpose.
4.3 Experimental frequency license above 95 GHz
The Federal Communications Commission (FCC) announced new rules to encourage the
development of new communication technologies and expedite the deployment of new services
in the spectrum above 95 GHz, such as data-intensive, high-bandwidth applications, as well as
imaging and sensing operations. To enable innovators and entrepreneurs to readily access this
spectrum, the Spectrum Horizons First Report and Order creates a new category of
experimental licenses for use of frequencies between 95 GHz and 3 THz. These licenses will
give innovators the flexibility to conduct experiments lasting up to 10 years, and to more easily
market equipment during the experimental period.

4.4 ITU WRC-19 agenda item 1.15
Agenda item 1.15 covers the identification of frequency bands for use by administrations for
land-mobile and fixed services applications operating in the 275-GHz to 450-GHz frequency
range.
The 275-GHz to 296-GHz, 306-GHz to 313-GHz, 318-GHz to 333-GHz, and 356-GHz to
450-GHz frequency bands are identified for land-mobile and fixed service applications, where
no specific conditions are necessary to protect Earth exploration-satellite service (passive)
applications.
The 296-GHz to 306-GHz, 313-GHz to 318-GHz, and 333-GHz to 356-GHz frequency bands
may only be used by land-mobile and fixed service applications when specific conditions to
ensure protection of Earth exploration-satellite service (passive) applications are determined in
accordance with Resolution 731 (Rev.WRC-19).
In those parts of the 275-GHz to 450-GHz frequency range where radio-astronomy applications
are used, specific conditions (e.g. minimum separation distances and/or avoidance angles) may
be necessary to ensure protection of radio-astronomy sites from land-mobile and/or fixed
service applications on a case-by-case basis in accordance with Resolution 731 (Rev.WRC-19).
Use of the above-mentioned frequency bands by land-mobile and fixed service applications
does not preclude the use by, and does not establish priority over, any other applications of
radio
...