CISPR TR 16-3:2003/AMD1:2005

Amendment 1 - Specification for radio disturbance and immunity measuring apparatus and methods - Part 3: CISPR technical reports

In the present amendment to CISPR 16-3, experimental results show a relationship between the degradation in quality of digital communication systems and APD (amplitude probability distribution) characteristics of disturbance. These results show that APD measurement of disturbance is suitable for evaluating its interference potential on digital communication systems. Therefore APD measurement may be applicable to the compliance test of some products or product families, such as microwave ovens.

General Information

• Status: Published
• Publication Date: 10-Jul-2005
• ICS: 33.100.10 - Emission
• ICS: 33.100.20 - Immunity
• Technical Committee: CIS/A - Radio-interference measurements and statistical methods
• Current Stage: DELPUB - Deleted Publication
• Completion Date: 10-Aug-2010

Relations

• Amends: CISPR TR 16-3:2003 - Specification for radio disturbance and immunity measuring apparatus and methods - Part 3: CISPR technical reports
• Effective Date: 05-Sep-2023
• Revised: CISPR TR 16-3:2010 - Specification for radio disturbance and immunity measuring apparatus and methods - Part 3: CISPR technical reports
• Effective Date: 05-Sep-2023

Standards Content (Sample)

TECHNICAL
CISPR
REPORT
16-3
AMENDMENT 1
2005-07
INTERNATIONAL SPECIAL COMMITTEE ON RADIO INTERFERENCE
Amendment 1
Specification for radio disturbance and immunity
measuring apparatus and methods –
Part 3:
CISPR technical reports
 IEC 2005 Droits de reproduction réservés  Copyright - all rights reserved
International Electrotechnical Commission, 3, rue de Varembé, PO Box 131, CH-1211 Geneva 20, Switzerland
Telephone: [phone] Telefax: [phone] E-mail: [e-mail] Web: www.iec.ch
PRICE CODE
Commission Electrotechnique Internationale S

International Electrotechnical Commission
МеждународнаяЭлектротехническаяКомиссия
For price, see current catalogue

– 2 – TR/CISPR 16-3 Amend. 1  IEC:2005(E)

FOREWORD
This amendment has been prepared by CISPR subcommittee A: Radio interference measure-

ments and statistical methods.

The text of this amendment is based on the following documents:

DTR Report on voting
CISPR/A/572/DTR CISPR/A/586/RVC

Full information on the voting for the approval of this amendment can be found in the report
on voting indicated in the above table.
The committee has decided that the contents of this amendment and the base publication will
remain unchanged until the maintenance result date indicated on the IEC web site under
"http://webstore.iec.ch" in the data related to the specific publication. At this date, the
publication will be
• reconfirmed,
• withdrawn,
• replaced by a revised edition, or
• amended.

Page 10
4 Technical reports
Add, on page 186, after the existing subclause 4.6, the following new subclause:
4.7 Correlation between amplitude probability distribution (APD) characteristics of
disturbance and performance of digital communication systems
4.7.1 Introduction
The relationship between the degradation in quality of digital communication systems and
APD of disturbance is shown in the following experimental results. Actual microwave ovens
(MWO), such as the transformer and the inverter types, and a noise simulator, were used as a
noise source in the following experiment. Bit Error Rate without error correction was basically
used as a parameter of communication system performance (e.g., W-CDMA and PHS).
Throughput is used if error correction could not be removed (e.g., W-LAN, Bluetooth and
PHS).
Quantitative correlation between noise parameters and system performance is shown in 4.7.6
and 4.7.7 by using measured and simulated results.
These results show that APD measurement of disturbance is suitable for evaluating its
interference potential on digital communication systems. Therefore APD measurement may be
applicable to the compliance test of some products or product families, such as microwave
ovens.
TR/CISPR 16-3 Amend. 1  IEC:2005(E) – 3 –

4.7.2 Influence on a wireless LAN system

The set-up for measuring communication quality degradation is shown in Figure 4.7.1, and

measurement conditions are shown in Table 4.7.1. Throughput was chosen as a measure for

communication quality evaluation. It was calculated from the time taken to transmit and time

to receive data of a fixed size.

Access point
PC
Carrier power
(FTP server)
APD measuring point
EEttherhernenet cat cablblee
HUBHUB
Co-axial cable
Signal
Wireless
Wireless
TTeermrmiinalnal
ATT1
APAP LAN ATT3
LAN
PCPC
card
card
Noise
ISISOO
ISISOO
ISO: Isolator
ATT: Attenuator ATT4
AP: Access Point
ATT2
WNG: White-Noise Generator WNG
Full anechoic chamber
Noise
1 m
MWMWOO
simulator
1 m
Double ridged
guide horn antenna
IEC  1008/05
Figure 4.7.1 – Set-up for measuring communication quality degradation
of a wireless LAN
Table 4.7.1 – Conditions for measuring communication quality degradation
Frequency (channel) 2 462 MHz (11ch)
Transmission data 20 Mbyte
Wireless
LAN
Protocol FTP (GET command from terminal PC)
Transmission mode Packet transmission
Noise power density N
Others –154 dBm/Hz (set by ATT4)
(dBm/Hz)
The APDs of disturbance are shown in Figure 4.7.2. The horizontal axis shows the level of
radiated noise normalized by N , which has been approximated as the noise level from the
white noise generator. The main frequency for measuring APD was 2462 MHz. The average
and root-mean-square (RMS) values of the noise level normalized by N derived from APD of
the MWO noise and noise simulator noise are shown in Table 4.7.2.
APD of the noise simulator at ATT2 = 0 dB was in good agreement with APD of the inverter
type MWO at ATT2 = 10 dB.
– 4 – TR/CISPR 16-3 Amend. 1  IEC:2005(E)

0 0
10 10
f = 2 462 MHz
f = 2 462 MHz
RBW = 10 MHz RBW = 10 MHz
–2
–2
–4
–4
–6
–6
–8 –8
10 10
ATT2 = 0 dB
ATT2 = 10 dB
ATT2 = 10 dB ATT2 = 20 dB
ATT2 = 20 dB
ATT2 = 30 dB
White noise
White noise
–10 –10
60 70 80 90 100 110 120 130 140
60 70 80 90 100 110 120 130 140
Noise level/N  dB Noise level/N  dB
0 0
a) Transformer type MWO b) Inverter type MWO
f = 2 462 MHz
RBW = 10 MHz
–2
–4
–6
–8
ATT2 = 0 dB
ATT2 = 10 dB
ATT2 = 20 dB
White noise
–10
60 70 80 90 100 110 120 130 140
Noise level/N0  dB
c) Noise simulator (adjusted with inverter type MWO)
IEC  1009/05
Figure 4.7.2 – APD characteristics of disturbance

Table 4.7.2 – Average and RMS values of noise level normalized by N
ATT2 White noise
0 dB 10 dB 20 dB 30 dB
Transformer
Average (dB) 111,2 101,0 92,6 77,6
type MWO
RMS (dB) 117,1 107,0 98,8 78,7
Inverter type Average (dB) 100,6 91,4 83,4 77,6
MWO
RMS (dB) 104,4 94,8 86,2 78,7
Noise Average (dB) 100,6 91,9 83,8 77,5
simulator
RMS (dB) 105,1 96,2 87,6 78,6

Probability of time abscissa is exceeded
Probability of time abscissa is exceeded
Probability of time abscissa is exceeded

TR/CISPR 16-3 Amend. 1  IEC:2005(E) – 5 –

The measured communication quality degradation for various amounts of attenuation of

injected noise is shown in Figure 4.7.3.

The horizontal axis shows C/N , where C is the sub-carrier power and N is the noise power
0 0
density.
600 600
500 500
ATT2 = 0 dB
ATT2 = 10 dB
ATT2 = 10 dB
ATT2 = 20 dB
ATT2 = 20 dB ATT2 =30 dB
White noise
White noise
60 70 80 90 100 110 120 130 140
60 70 80 90 100 110 120 130 140
C/N dB  dB
0 C/N0
a) Transformer type MWO b) Inverter type MWO
ATT2 = 0 dB
100 ATT2 = 10 dB
ATT2 = 20 dB
White noise
60 70 80 90 100 110 120 130 140
C/N dB
c) Noise simulator (adjusted with inverter type MWO)
IEC  1010/05
Figure 4.7.3 – Wireless LAN throughput influenced by noise
The throughput influenced by a transformer type MWO is 400 kbytes/s or more when C/N is
90 dB or more, and decreases rapidly when C/N is below 90 dB. This tendency is almost the
same irrespective of the noise level. On the other hand, the throughput influenced by an
inverter type MWO decreases almost in proportion to the noise level. The throughput
influenced by a noise simulator has almost the same degradation characteristics as that for an
inverter type MWO.
4.7.3 Influence on a Bluetooth system
The setup for measuring communication quality degradation is shown in Figure 4.7.4, and
measurement conditions are shown in Table 4.7.3.
Throughput was chosen as the measure for communication quality evaluation.

Throughput  kbyte/s
Throughput  kbyte/s
Throughput  kbyte/s
– 6 – TR/CISPR 16-3 Amend. 1  IEC:2005(E)

CCaarrirrier poer powweerr
APD mAPD meeaassuurriningg po poiinntt
Co-axial cable
Signal
Terminal
TTeermrmiinalnal P PCC
BBluetoluetooothth
Bluetooth
ATT1 ATT3
((FTFTPP s seervrveerr)) PC
card
card
(client)
Noise
ISISOO
ISO
ISO: Isolator
ATT4ATT4
ATT:  Attenuator
WNG: White-noise generator ATT2
Fully anechoic
WNWNGG
chamber
Full anechoic chamber
NoNoiseise
1 m
MWMWOO
simsimuulatolatorr
1 m
Double ridged
guide horn antenna
IEC  1011/05
Figure 4.7.4 – Set-up for measuring the communication quality degradation of Bluetooth
Table 4.7.3 – Conditions for measuring communication quality degradation of Bluetooth
Frequency 2 400 – 2 483,5 MHz
Transmission data 2,5 Mbyte
Bluetooth
Protocol FTP (GET command from terminal PC)
Transmission mode Packet exchange data transmission mode
Noise power density N
Others -148 dBm/Hz (set by ATT4)
(dBm/Hz)
The APDs at a frequency of 2 441 MHz are shown in Fig. 4.7.5, and the average and RMS
values of noise level normalized by N are shown in Table 4.7.4.
0 0
10 10
f = 2 441 MHz f = 2 441 MHz
RBW = 1 MHz RBW = 1 MHz
–2 –2
10 10
–4 –4
10 10
–6 –6
10 10
ATT2 = 0 dB ATT2 = 0 dB
–8 –8
10 10
ATT2 = 10 dB ATT2 = 10 dB
ATT2 = 20 dB
ATT2 = 20 dB
White noise
White noise
–10 –10
10 10
40 50 60 70 80 90 100 110 120 40 50 60 70 80 90 100 110 120
Noise level/N dB Noise level/N dB
0 0
a) Transformer type MWO b) Inverter type MWO
IEC  1012/05
Figure 4.7.5 – APD of disturbance of actual MWO (2 441MHz)

Probability of time abscissa is exceeded
Probability of time abscissa is exceeded

TR/CISPR 16-3 Amend. 1  IEC:2005(E) – 7 –

Table 4.7.4 – Average and RMS values of noise level normalized by N
ATT2 White noise
0 dB 10 dB 20 dB 30 dB
Transformer type Average (dB) 89,8 80,8 73,7 67,1
MWO
RMS (dB) 99,2 90,2 82,5 68,3
Inverter type Average (dB) 70,7 65,4 63,5 67,1

MWO RMS (dB) 80,6 73,3 66,0 68,3

The APDs measured at 2 460 MHz, where the noise level of an MWO is at maximum, are
shown in Figure 4.7.6, and the average and RMS values of noise normalized by N are shown
in Table 4.7.5. The noise level is about 10 dB larger than that at the frequency of 2 441 MHz.
The APD of the noise simulator at ATT2 = 0 dB is in good agreement with that of the inverter
type MWO at ATT2 = 10 dB.
0 0
10 10
f = 2 460 MHz f = 2 460 MHz
RBW = 1 MHz
RBW = 1 MHz
–2 –2
10 10
–4 –4
10 10
–6 –6
10 10
–8 –8 ATT2 = 0 dB
ATT2 = 0 dB
10 10
ATT2 = 10 dB
ATT2 = 10 dB
ATT2 = 20 dB
ATT2 = 20 dB
White noise
White noise
–10 –10
10 10
40 50 60 70 80 90 100 110 120 40 50 60 70 80 90 100 110 120
Noise level/N  dB Noise level/N  dB
0 0
a) Transformer type MWO b) Inverter type MWO
f = 2 460 MHz
RBW = 1 MHz
–2
–4
–6
–8
ATT2 = 0 dB
ATT2 = 10 dB
White noise
–10
40 50 60 70 80 90 100 110 120
Noise level/N  dB
c) Noise simulator (adjusted with inverter MWO)
IEC  1013/05
Figure 4.7.6 – APD characteristics of disturbance (2 460 MHz)

Probability of time abscissa is exceeded
Probability of time abscissa is exceeded
Probability of time abscissa is exceeded

– 8 – TR/CISPR 16-3 Amend. 1  IEC:2005(E)

Table 4.7.5 – Average and RMS values of noise level normalized by N
ATT2 White noise
0 dB 10 dB 20 dB 30 dB
Transformer Average (dB) 87,8 78,4 71,4 67,1
type MWO
RMS (dB) 94,9 85,4 78,0 68,3
Inverter type Average (dB) 70,7 65,4 63,5 67,1

MWO
RMS (dB) 80,6 73,3 66,0 68,3
Noise Average (dB) 77,6 69,8  67,1
simulator
RMS (dB) 84,1 75,5  68,3
The measured communication quality degradation for various amounts of attenuation of
injected noise is shown in Figure 4.7.7.
There is only a minor difference in degradation caused by the level of noise between a
transformer and an inverter type MWO. This is because Bluetooth performs frequency
hopping, and is hard to be influenced by noise continuously. Furthermore, there is almost no
difference in communication quality degradation for a noise simulator.

70 70
60 60
50 50
40 40
30 30
20 20
ATT2 = 0 dB
ATT2 = 0 dB
ATT2 = 10 dB
ATT2 = 10 dB
10 10
ATT2 = 20 dB
ATT2 = 20 dB
White noise
White noise
0 0
60 55 50 45 40 35 30 25 60 55 50 45 40 35 30 25
ATT1  dB ATT1  dB
a) Transformer type MWO b) Inverter type MWO
ATT2 = 0 dB
ATT2 = 10 dB
White noise
60 55 50 45 40 35 30 25
ATT1  dB
c) Noise simulator (adjusted with inverter type MWO)
IEC  1014/05
Figure 4.7.7 – Throughput of Bluetooth influenced by noise

Throughput  kbyte/s
Throughput  kbyte/s
Throughput  kbyte/s
TR/CISPR 16-3 Amend. 1  IEC:2005(E) – 9 –

According to the specifications, Bluetooth controls the transmission power automatically

depending on the communication situation. The sub-carrier power at the reception point

cannot be obtained uniquely since transmission power may change when ATT1 is changed.

The horizontal axis in this figure shows the attenuation of signal power.

4.7.4 Influence on a W-CDMA system

The set-up for measuring communication quality degradation is shown in Figure 4.7.8, and

measurement conditions are shown in Table 4.7.6.

Bit error rate (BER) was chosen as the measure for communication quality evaluation.

Base station simulator
Data
BER
BER
measuring
equipment
Decode
Encode Path
ReReveverrssee
search
diffusion
Diffusion
Signal
ReRececeivivee
Transmit
Signal
ATT
W-CDMA
terminal
・
ATT1
ATT3
Carrier power
APD measuring point
ISO
ISO: Isolator
ATT: Attenuator
ATT2
AMP: Amplifier
AMP
Fully anechoic chamber
Noise
1 m
simulator MWMWOO
1 m
Double ridged
guide horn antenna IEC  1015/05

Figure 4.7.8 – Setup for measuring the BER of W-CDMA
Table 4.7.6 – Conditions for measuring communication quality degradation of W-CDMA

Frequency 2 137,6 MHz (downlink)
Chip rate 3,84 Mcps
Spread rate Uplink: DPDCH 64 / downlink: DPCH 128
Base band
Data rate 12,2 kbps (acoustic)
simulator
Transmission data 6 Mbit
RMC communication test (UE turn)
Transmission mode
3GPP TS34.121
The measured APDs of the noise are shown in Figure 4.7.9, and the average and RMS values
of the noise level normalized by N are shown in Table 4.7.7. The APD of the noise simulator
at ATT2 = 0 dB is in good agreement with the APD of the inverter type MWO at ATT2 = 10 dB.

– 10 – TR/CISPR 16-3 Amend. 1  IEC:2005(E)

f = 2 137,6 MHz
f = 2 137,6 MHz
RBW = 5 MHz
–2
RBW = 5 MHz
–2
–4
–4
–6
–6
–8
–8
ATT2 = 0 dB
ATT2 = 0 dB
ATT2 = 10 dB
ATT2 = 10 dB
–10
–10
40 50 60 70 80 90 100 110 120
40 50 60 70 80 90 100 110 120
Noise level/N  dB Noise level/N  dB
0 0
a) Transformer type MWO
b) Inverter type MWO
f = 2 137,6 MHz
RBW = 5 MHz
–2
–4
–6
–8
ATT2 =
...