Exposure to electric or magnetic fields in the low and intermediate frequency range - Methods for calculating the current density and internal electric field induced in the human body - Part 3-1: Exposure to electric fields - Analytical and 2D numerical models

Applies to the frequency range for which exposure limits are based on the induction of voltages or currents in the human body when exposed to electric fields. Defines in detail the coupling factor K - introduced by the IEC 62226 series to enable exposure assessment for complex exposure situations, such as non-uniform magnetic field or perturbed electric field - for the case of simple models of the human body, exposed to uniform electric fields. The coupling factor K has different physical interpretations depending on whether it relates to electric or magnetic field exposure. It is the so called "shape factor for electric field". This part of IEC 62226 can be used when the electric field can be considered to be uniform, for frequencies up to at least 100 kHz. This situation of exposure to a "uniform" electric field is mostly found in the vicinity of high voltage overhead power systems. For this reason, illustrations given in this part are given for power frequencies (50 Hz and 60 Hz).

Exposition aux champs électriques ou magnétiques à basse et moyenne fréquence - Méthodes de calcul des densités de courant induit et des champs électriques induits dans le corps humain - Partie 3-1: Exposition à des champs électriques - Modèles analytiques et numériques 2D

S'applique à la gamme de fréquences pour laquelle les limites d'exposition sont fondées sur des tensions ou des courants induits dans le corps humain, quand il est exposé aux champs électriques. Définit le facteur de forme K - introduit par la série CEI 62226 pour permettre l'évaluation de l'exposition dans des situations d'expositions complexes, telles qu'un champ magnétique non uniforme ou un champ électrique perturbé - pour les cas de modèles simples de corps humain, exposé à des champs électriques uniformes. Le facteur de couplage K peut avoir différentes interprétations physiques selon qu'il se réfère à l'exposition à un champ électrique ou magnétique. Il est aussi appelé "facteur de couplage pour champ électrique". La présente partie de la CEI 62226 peut être utilisée quand le champ électrique peut être considéré comme uniforme, pour des fréquences jusqu'à au moins 100 kHz. Cette situation d'exposition à un champ électrique "uniforme" se trouve principalement à proximité des systèmes aériens d'alimentation électrique à haute tension. Pour cette raison, les illustrations données dans cette section sont aux fréquences industrielles (50 Hz et 60 Hz).

General Information

Status
Published
Publication Date
22-May-2007
Current Stage
PPUB - Publication issued
Start Date
30-Jun-2007
Completion Date
23-May-2007
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IEC 62226-3-1:2007 - Exposure to electric or magnetic fields in the low and intermediate frequency range - Methods for calculating the current density and internal electric field induced in the human body - Part 3-1: Exposure to electric fields - Analytical and 2D numerical models
English and French language
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IEC 62226-3-1:2007+AMD1:2016 CSV - Exposure to electric or magnetic fields in the low and intermediatefrequency range - Methods for calculating the current density and internal electric field induced in the human body - Part 3-1: Exposure to electric fields - Analytical and 2D numerical models Released:10/7/2016 Isbn:9782832236833
English and French language
225 pages
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INTERNATIONAL IEC
STANDARD
CEI
62226-3-1
NORME
First edition
INTERNATIONALE
Première édition
2007-05
Exposure to electric or magnetic fields
in the low and intermediate frequency range –
Methods for calculating the current density and
internal electric field induced in the human body –
Part 3-1:
Exposure to electric fields –
Analytical and 2D numerical models

Exposition aux champs électriques ou
magnétiques à basse et moyenne fréquence –
Méthodes de calcul des densités de courant
induit et des champs électriques induits dans
le corps humain –
Partie 3-1:
Exposition à des champs électriques –
Modèles analytiques et numériques 2D
Reference number
Numéro de référence
IEC/CEI 62226-3-1:2007
All rights reserved. Unless otherwise specified, no part of this publication may be reproduced or utilized in any form
or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying and microfilm, without permission in writing from
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please contact the address below or your local IEC member National Committee for further information.

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Si vous avez des questions sur le copyright de la CEI ou si vous désirez obtenir des droits supplémentaires sur cette
publication, utilisez les coordonnées ci-après ou contactez le Comité national de la CEI de votre pays de résidence.

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INTERNATIONAL IEC
STANDARD
CEI
62226-3-1
NORME
First edition
INTERNATIONALE
Première édition
2007-05
Exposure to electric or magnetic fields
in the low and intermediate frequency range –
Methods for calculating the current density and
internal electric field induced in the human body –
Part 3-1:
Exposure to electric fields –
Analytical and 2D numerical models

Exposition aux champs électriques ou
magnétiques à basse et moyenne fréquence –
Méthodes de calcul des densités de courant
induit et des champs électriques induits dans
le corps humain –
Partie 3-1:
Exposition à des champs électriques –
Modèles analytiques et numériques 2D
PRICE CODE
XA
CODE PRIX
Commission Electrotechnique Internationale
International Electrotechnical Commission
МеждународнаяЭлектротехническаяКомиссия
For price, see current catalogue
Pour prix, voir catalogue en vigueur

– 2 – 62226-3-1 © IEC:2007
CONTENTS
FOREWORD.5
INTRODUCTION.7

1 Scope.8
2 Exposure to electric field .8
3 General procedure.11
3.1 Shape factor.11
3.2 Procedure .11
4 Human body models .12
4.1 General .12
4.2 Surface area .12
4.3 Semi-spheroidal model.13
4.4 Axisymmetrical body model .15
5 Calculation of induced current .16
5.1 General .16
5.2 Semi-spheroid .16
5.3 Axisymmetrical models .20
5.4 Comparison of the analytical and numerical models .27
6 Influence of electrical parameters .27
6.1 General .27
6.2 Influence of permittivity .27
6.3 Influence of conductivity.28
6.4 Non-homogeneous conductivity.28
7 Measurement of currents induced by electric fields.28
7.1 General .28
7.2 Current flowing to the ground .28

Annex A (normative) Analytical solutions for a spheroid in a uniform electric field.30
Annex B (normative) Human body axisymmetrical model .33
Annex C (informative) Child body model .38
Annex D (informative) Example of use of this standard .40
Annex E (informative) Numerical calculation methods .44

Bibliography.52

Figure 1 – Illustration of the phenomenon of currents induced by electric field in a
human body standing on the ground .10
Figure 2 – Potential lines of the electric field generated by an energised wire in the
absence of any objects (all distances in metres) .10
Figure 3 – A realistic body model .12
Figure 4 – Scheme of the semi-spheroid simulating a human being standing on a zero
potential plane .13
Figure 5 – Equivalent spheroid radius, R, versus height, L, and for different mass, M .15
Figure 6 – The axisymmetrical body model for the reference man (left) and woman
(right).15

62226-3-1 © IEC:2007 – 3 –
Figure 7 – Conductive spheroid exposed to electric field.16
Figure 8 – Calculation of the shape factor for electric field K for an spheroid exposed
E
to an unperturbed electric field.17
Figure 9 – Current density J induced by an unperturbed electric field (1 kV/m, 50 Hz)
S
in a spheroid versus parameter L/R (values in µA/m²).18
Figure 10 – Dimensions and mesh of the semi-spheroid .19
Figure 11 – Distortion of power frequency electric field lines close to the conductive
semi-spheroid .19
Figure 12 – Calculated induced current density J (h) in the body standing in a vertical
A
50 Hz electric field of 1 kV/m .21
Figure 13 – Computation domain .23
Figure 14 – Mesh of the man body model and distortion of power frequency electric
field lines close to model.23
Figure 15 – Distribution of potential lines and 50 Hz electric field magnitude (man
model) .24
Figure 16 – Computation of induced currents J along a vertical axis, and distribution
A
of induced currents in the man model at 50 Hz .24
Figure 17 – Mesh of the woman body model and distortion of power frequency electric
field lines close to model.25
Figure 18 – Distribution of potential lines and 50 Hz electric field magnitude (woman
model) .26
Figure 19 – Computation of induced currents J along a vertical axis, and distribution
A
of induced currents in the woman model at 50 Hz .26
Figure A.1 – Conductive spheroid exposed to electric field .30
Figure B.1 – Normalised axisymmetrical models. Left: man, Right: woman .35
Figure C.1 – Computation of induced currents J along a vertical axis, and distribution
Z
of induced currents in the 10 years reference child model.39
Figure E.1 – Spheroid model.45
Figure E.2 – Space potential model .46
Figure E.3 – Exemple of charge simulation method using rings.47
Figure E.4 – Superficial charges integral equation method, cutting of the body into N
elements.48
Figure E.5 – Mesh of the body using finite element method .49
Figure E.6 – Impedance method .50
Figure E.7 – Yee-method: Electric and magnetic grids for spatial discretization .51

Table 1 – Data for reference man and reference woman .13
Table 2 – Values of arcsin(e) / e for different values of L/R.14
Table 3 – Derived data using spheroid model at 50 Hz .20
Table 4 – Electric field E required to produce basic restrictions J in the neck at
BR BR
50 Hz.
...


IEC 62226-3-1 ®
Edition 1.1 2016-10
CONSOLIDATED VERSION
INTERNATIONAL
STANDARD
NORME
INTERNATIONALE
colour
inside
Exposure to electric or magnetic fields in the low and intermediate frequency
range – Methods for calculating the current density and internal electric field
induced in the human body –
Part 3-1: Exposure to electric fields – Analytical and 2D numerical models

Exposition aux champs électriques ou magnétiques à basse et moyenne
fréquence – Méthodes de calcul des densités de courant induit et des champs
électriques induits dans le corps humain –
Partie 3-1: Exposition à des champs électriques – Modèles analytiques et
numériques 2D
All rights reserved. Unless otherwise specified, no part of this publication may be reproduced or utilized in any form
or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying and microfilm, without permission in writing from
either IEC or IEC's member National Committee in the country of the requester. If you have any questions about IEC
copyright or have an enquiry about obtaining additional rights to this publication, please contact the address below or
your local IEC member National Committee for further information.

Droits de reproduction réservés. Sauf indication contraire, aucune partie de cette publication ne peut être reproduite
ni utilisée sous quelque forme que ce soit et par aucun procédé, électronique ou mécanique, y compris la photocopie
et les microfilms, sans l'accord écrit de l'IEC ou du Comité national de l'IEC du pays du demandeur. Si vous avez des
questions sur le copyright de l'IEC ou si vous désirez obtenir des droits supplémentaires sur cette publication, utilisez
les coordonnées ci-après ou contactez le Comité national de l'IEC de votre pays de résidence.

IEC Central Office Tel.: +41 22 919 02 11
3, rue de Varembé Fax: +41 22 919 03 00
CH-1211 Geneva 20 info@iec.ch
Switzerland www.iec.ch
About the IEC
The International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) is the leading global organization that prepares and publishes
International Standards for all electrical, electronic and related technologies.

About IEC publications
The technical content of IEC publications is kept under constant review by the IEC. Please make sure that you have the
latest edition, a corrigenda or an amendment might have been published.

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IEC 62226-3-1 ®
Edition 1.1 2016-10
CONSOLIDATED VERSION
INTERNATIONAL
STANDARD
NORME
INTERNATIONALE
colour
inside
Exposure to electric or magnetic fields in the low and intermediate frequency

range – Methods for calculating the current density and internal electric field

induced in the human body –
Part 3-1: Exposure to electric fields – Analytical and 2D numerical models

Exposition aux champs électriques ou magnétiques à basse et moyenne

fréquence – Méthodes de calcul des densités de courant induit et des champs

électriques induits dans le corps humain –

Partie 3-1: Exposition à des champs électriques – Modèles analytiques et

numériques 2D
INTERNATIONAL
ELECTROTECHNICAL
COMMISSION
COMMISSION
ELECTROTECHNIQUE
INTERNATIONALE
ICS 17.220.20 ISBN 978-2-8322-3683-3

IEC 62226-3-1 ®
Edition 1.1 2016-10
CONSOLIDATED VERSION
REDLINE VERSION
VERSION REDLINE
colour
inside
Exposure to electric or magnetic fields in the low and intermediate frequency
range – Methods for calculating the current density and internal electric field
induced in the human body –
Part 3-1: Exposure to electric fields – Analytical and 2D numerical models

Exposition aux champs électriques ou magnétiques à basse et moyenne
fréquence – Méthodes de calcul des densités de courant induit et des champs
électriques induits dans le corps humain –
Partie 3-1: Exposition à des champs électriques – Modèles analytiques et
numériques 2D
– 2 – IEC 62226-3-1:2007+AMD1:2016 CSV
 IEC 2016
CONTENTS
FOREWORD . 5
INTRODUCTION . 7
1 Scope . 8
2 Exposure to electric field . 8
3 General procedure. 11
3.1 Shape factor . 11
3.2 Procedure . 11
4 Human body models . 12
4.1 General . 12
4.2 Surface area . 12
4.3 Semi-spheroidal model . 13
4.4 Axisymmetrical body model . 15
5 Calculation of induced current . 16
5.1 General . 16
5.2 Semi-spheroid . 16
5.3 Axisymmetrical models . 20
5.4 Comparison of the analytical and numerical models . 27
6 Influence of electrical parameters . 28
6.1 General . 28
6.2 Influence of permittivity . 28
6.3 Influence of conductivity . 28
6.4 Non-homogeneous conductivity . 29
7 Measurement of currents induced by electric fields . 29
7.1 General . 29
7.2 Current flowing to the ground . 29
Annex A (normative) Analytical solutions for a spheroid in a uniform electric field . 31
Annex B (normative) Human body axisymmetrical model . 34
Annex C (informative) Child body model . 39
Annex D (informative) Example of use of this standard . 41
Annex E (informative) Numerical calculation methods . 45
Bibliography . 53

Figure 1 – Illustration of the phenomenon of currents induced by electric field in a
human body standing on the ground . 10
Figure 2 – Potential lines of the electric field generated by an energised wire in the
absence of any objects (all distances in metres) . 10
Figure 3 – A realistic body model . 12
Figure 4 – Scheme of the semi-spheroid simulating a human being standing on a zero
potential plane . 13
Figure 5 – Equivalent spheroid radius, R, versus height, L, and for different mass, M . 15
Figure 6 – The axisymmetrical body model for the reference man (left) and woman
(right). 15

 IEC 2016
Figure 7 – Conductive spheroid exposed to electric field . 16
Figure 8 – Calculation of the shape factor for electric field K for an a spheroid
E
exposed to an unperturbed electric field. 17
Figure 9 – Current density J induced by an unperturbed electric field (1 kV/m, 50 Hz)
S
in a spheroid versus parameter L/R (values in µA/m²) . 18
Figure 10 – Dimensions and mesh of the semi-spheroid . 19
Figure 11 – Distortion of power frequency electric field lines close to the conductive
semi-spheroid . 19
Figure 12 – Calculated induced current density J (h) in the body standing in a vertical
A
50 Hz electric field of 1 kV/m . 21
Figure 13 – Computation domain . 23
Figure 14 – Mesh of the man body model and distortion of power frequency electric
field lines close to model. 23
Figure 15 – Distribution of potential lines and 50 Hz electric field magnitude (man
model) .
...

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