ISO 20264:2019
(Main)Stationary source emissions — Determination of the mass concentration of individual volatile organic compounds (VOCs) in waste gases from non-combustion processes
Stationary source emissions — Determination of the mass concentration of individual volatile organic compounds (VOCs) in waste gases from non-combustion processes
This document specifies the use of FTIR spectrometry for determining the concentrations of individual volatile organic compounds (VOCs) in waste gases from non-combustion processes. The method can be employed to continuously analyse sample gas which is extracted from ducts and other sources. A bag sampling method can also be applied, if the compounds do not adsorb on the bag material, and is appropriate in cases where it is difficult or impossible to obtain a direct extractive sample. The principle, sampling procedure, IR spectral measurement and analysis, calibration, handling interference, QA/QC procedures and some essential performance criteria for measurement of individual VOCs are described in this document. NOTE 1 The practical minimum detectable concentration of this method depends on the FTIR instrument (i.e. gas cell path length, resolution, instrumental noise and analytical algorithm) used, compounds, and interference specific (e.g. water and CO2).
Émissions de sources fixes — Détermination de la concentration en masse de composés organiques volatils (COV) individuels dans les gaz résiduaires issus de processus sans combustion
Emisije nepremičnih virov - Določevanje masne koncentracije posameznih hlapnih organskih spojin (VOC) v odpadnih plinih nezgorevalnih procesov
General Information
Standards Content (Sample)
SLOVENSKI STANDARD
01-maj-2021
Emisije nepremičnih virov - Določevanje masne koncentracije posameznih hlapnih
organskih spojin (VOC) v odpadnih plinih nezgorevalnih procesov
Stationary source emissions - Determination of the mass concentration of individual
volatile organic compounds (VOCs) in waste gases from non-combustion processes
Émissions de sources fixes - Détermination de la concentration en masse de composés
organiques volatils (COV) individuels dans les gaz résiduaires issus de processus sans
combustion
Ta slovenski standard je istoveten z: ISO 20264:2019
ICS:
13.040.40 Emisije nepremičnih virov Stationary source emissions
2003-01.Slovenski inštitut za standardizacijo. Razmnoževanje celote ali delov tega standarda ni dovoljeno.
INTERNATIONAL ISO
STANDARD 20264
First edition
2019-09
Stationary source emissions —
Determination of the mass
concentration of individual volatile
organic compounds (VOCs) in waste
gases from non-combustion processes
Émissions de sources fixes — Détermination de la concentration en
masse de composés organiques volatils (COV) individuels dans les gaz
résiduaires issus de processus sans combustion
Reference number
©
ISO 2019
© ISO 2019
All rights reserved. Unless otherwise specified, or required in the context of its implementation, no part of this publication may
be reproduced or utilized otherwise in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying, or posting
on the internet or an intranet, without prior written permission. Permission can be requested from either ISO at the address
below or ISO’s member body in the country of the requester.
ISO copyright office
CP 401 • Ch. de Blandonnet 8
CH-1214 Vernier, Geneva
Phone: +41 22 749 01 11
Fax: +41 22 749 09 47
Email: copyright@iso.org
Website: www.iso.org
Published in Switzerland
ii © ISO 2019 – All rights reserved
Contents Page
Foreword .v
Introduction .vi
1 Scope . 1
2 Normative references . 1
3 Terms and definitions . 1
3.1 Terms related to FTIR . 1
3.2 Terms related to performance characteristics . 2
4 Symbols and abbreviated terms . 3
5 Measurement principle . 4
5.1 General . 4
5.2 FTIR Spectrometer components . 4
5.3 Interferogram . 5
5.4 Fast Fourier transform . 6
5.5 Beer’s law. 6
6 Equipment . 7
6.1 Sampling system . 7
6.2 Analytical apparatus (FTIR) . 8
7 Measurement procedure . 9
7.1 General . 9
7.2 Choice of the measuring system . 9
7.3 Sampling .10
7.3.1 Sampling location .10
7.3.2 Sampling point(s) .10
7.3.3 Extractive sampling .10
7.3.4 Sampling with a gas bag .10
7.4 Pre-test and sample quantification procedures .11
8 Performance chracteristics and criteria .11
8.1 General .11
8.2 Performance criteria .11
8.2.1 Zero check .12
8.2.2 Repeatability of calibration verification gas .12
8.2.3 Response time .12
8.2.4 Losses and leakage in the sampling line . .13
9 Quality assurance and quality control procedure .13
10 Data quantification .14
10.1 General .14
10.2 Data quantification techniques .14
10.3 Data quantification methodology .14
10.3.1 Calibration set .14
10.3.2 Analysis band selection .14
10.3.3 Lack of fit (linearity) of the analytical software .15
10.3.4 Validation of analytical model .15
10.3.5 Sample analysis .15
10.3.6 Sample result validation .16
10.3.7 Residual check .16
11 Validation and uncertainty .16
Annex A (normative) Determination of the FTIR performance parameters .17
Annex B (informative) Example for IR spectral absorption features of VOCs .18
Annex C (informative) Examples for analytical band choice .20
Annex D (informative) The typical spectral regions for the different bond types of VOCs .23
Annex E (informative) The validation of measurement of individual VOC in waste gas .25
Bibliography .32
iv © ISO 2019 – All rights reserved
Foreword
ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards
bodies (ISO member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally carried out
through ISO technical committees. Each member body interested in a subject for which a technical
committee has been established has the right to be represented on that committee. International
organizations, governmental and non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work.
ISO collaborates closely with the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) on all matters of
electrotechnical standardization.
The procedures used to develop this document and those intended for its further maintenance are
described in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 1. In particular, the different approval criteria needed for the
different types of ISO documents should be noted. This document was drafted in accordance with the
editorial rules of the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2 (see www .iso .org/directives).
Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of
patent rights. ISO shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. Details of
any patent rights identified during the development of the document will be in the Introduction and/or
on the ISO list of patent declarations received (see www .iso .org/patents).
Any trade name used in this document is information given for the convenience of users and does not
constitute an endorsement.
For an explanation of the voluntary nature of standards, the meaning of ISO specific terms and
expressions related to conformity assessment, as well as information about ISO's adherence to the
World Trade Organization (WTO) principles in the Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) see www .iso
.org/iso/foreword .html.
This document was prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 146, Air quality, Subcommittee SC 1,
Stationary source emissions.
Any feedback or questions on this document should be directed to the user’s national standards body. A
complete listing of these bodies can be found at www .iso .org/members .html.
Introduction
There are various volatile organic compounds (VOCs) emitted from stationary sources where organic
solvents are used for painting, printing, cleaning, degreasing and chemicals production. In order to
understand how to reduce the environmental risk due to VOCs, it is necessary to measure not only
the concentration of total VOCs but also the concentration of individual VOCs in waste gas
...
INTERNATIONAL ISO
STANDARD 20264
First edition
2019-09
Stationary source emissions —
Determination of the mass
concentration of individual volatile
organic compounds (VOCs) in waste
gases from non-combustion processes
Émissions de sources fixes — Détermination de la concentration en
masse de composés organiques volatils (COV) individuels dans les gaz
résiduaires issus de processus sans combustion
Reference number
©
ISO 2019
© ISO 2019
All rights reserved. Unless otherwise specified, or required in the context of its implementation, no part of this publication may
be reproduced or utilized otherwise in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying, or posting
on the internet or an intranet, without prior written permission. Permission can be requested from either ISO at the address
below or ISO’s member body in the country of the requester.
ISO copyright office
CP 401 • Ch. de Blandonnet 8
CH-1214 Vernier, Geneva
Phone: +41 22 749 01 11
Fax: +41 22 749 09 47
Email: copyright@iso.org
Website: www.iso.org
Published in Switzerland
ii © ISO 2019 – All rights reserved
Contents Page
Foreword .v
Introduction .vi
1 Scope . 1
2 Normative references . 1
3 Terms and definitions . 1
3.1 Terms related to FTIR . 1
3.2 Terms related to performance characteristics . 2
4 Symbols and abbreviated terms . 3
5 Measurement principle . 4
5.1 General . 4
5.2 FTIR Spectrometer components . 4
5.3 Interferogram . 5
5.4 Fast Fourier transform . 6
5.5 Beer’s law. 6
6 Equipment . 7
6.1 Sampling system . 7
6.2 Analytical apparatus (FTIR) . 8
7 Measurement procedure . 9
7.1 General . 9
7.2 Choice of the measuring system . 9
7.3 Sampling .10
7.3.1 Sampling location .10
7.3.2 Sampling point(s) .10
7.3.3 Extractive sampling .10
7.3.4 Sampling with a gas bag .10
7.4 Pre-test and sample quantification procedures .11
8 Performance chracteristics and criteria .11
8.1 General .11
8.2 Performance criteria .11
8.2.1 Zero check .12
8.2.2 Repeatability of calibration verification gas .12
8.2.3 Response time .12
8.2.4 Losses and leakage in the sampling line . .13
9 Quality assurance and quality control procedure .13
10 Data quantification .14
10.1 General .14
10.2 Data quantification techniques .14
10.3 Data quantification methodology .14
10.3.1 Calibration set .14
10.3.2 Analysis band selection .14
10.3.3 Lack of fit (linearity) of the analytical software .15
10.3.4 Validation of analytical model .15
10.3.5 Sample analysis .15
10.3.6 Sample result validation .16
10.3.7 Residual check .16
11 Validation and uncertainty .16
Annex A (normative) Determination of the FTIR performance parameters .17
Annex B (informative) Example for IR spectral absorption features of VOCs .18
Annex C (informative) Examples for analytical band choice .20
Annex D (informative) The typical spectral regions for the different bond types of VOCs .23
Annex E (informative) The validation of measurement of individual VOC in waste gas .25
Bibliography .32
iv © ISO 2019 – All rights reserved
Foreword
ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards
bodies (ISO member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally carried out
through ISO technical committees. Each member body interested in a subject for which a technical
committee has been established has the right to be represented on that committee. International
organizations, governmental and non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work.
ISO collaborates closely with the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) on all matters of
electrotechnical standardization.
The procedures used to develop this document and those intended for its further maintenance are
described in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 1. In particular, the different approval criteria needed for the
different types of ISO documents should be noted. This document was drafted in accordance with the
editorial rules of the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2 (see www .iso .org/directives).
Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of
patent rights. ISO shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. Details of
any patent rights identified during the development of the document will be in the Introduction and/or
on the ISO list of patent declarations received (see www .iso .org/patents).
Any trade name used in this document is information given for the convenience of users and does not
constitute an endorsement.
For an explanation of the voluntary nature of standards, the meaning of ISO specific terms and
expressions related to conformity assessment, as well as information about ISO's adherence to the
World Trade Organization (WTO) principles in the Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) see www .iso
.org/iso/foreword .html.
This document was prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 146, Air quality, Subcommittee SC 1,
Stationary source emissions.
Any feedback or questions on this document should be directed to the user’s national standards body. A
complete listing of these bodies can be found at www .iso .org/members .html.
Introduction
There are various volatile organic compounds (VOCs) emitted from stationary sources where organic
solvents are used for painting, printing, cleaning, degreasing and chemicals production. In order to
understand how to reduce the environmental risk due to VOCs, it is necessary to measure not only
the concentration of total VOCs but also the concentration of individual VOCs in waste gases. This is
because individual VOCs have different potentials to form O and suspended particulate matter (SPM).
Also, there are VOCs of high toxicity (e.g. benzene, toluene, propyl acetate, propanol, formaldehyde,
some chlorinated organic compounds) of concern.
Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR) spectrometry is proposed to provide these measurements as it
provides a measurement in the infrared (IR) region over a wide spectral band. Analysis of the recorded
spectra enables the concentration of a wide number of compounds to be quantified simultaneously.
Overlap of IR absorption features with each VOC can affect the quantification of each compound.
However, by using appropriate chemometric procedures for the overlapping IR spectra of VOCs, the
concentrations are quantified for the individual compounds of interest.
This document specifies the measurement method for determining concentrations of individual VOCs
in waste gases from non-combustion processes by using FTIR spectroscopy.
vi © ISO 2019 – All rights reserved
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