ISO 23472-1:2020
(Main)Foundry machinery — Vocabulary — Part 1: General
Foundry machinery — Vocabulary — Part 1: General
This document gives an overview on the terms and definitions of foundry machinery that are commonly and widely used. It applies to standard development in the foundry machinery field, technical documentation, related scientific and technical publications, etc.
Machine de fonderie — Vocabulaire — Partie 1: Généralités
General Information
Standards Content (Sample)
INTERNATIONAL ISO
STANDARD 23472-1
First edition
2020-07
Foundry machinery — Vocabulary —
Part 1:
General
Reference number
©
ISO 2020
© ISO 2020
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Contents Page
Foreword .iv
Introduction .v
1 Scope . 1
2 Normative reference . 1
3 Terms and definitions . 1
Bibliography .23
Alphabetical index .24
Foreword
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electrotechnical standardization.
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This document was prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 306, Foundry machinery.
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iv © ISO 2020 – All rights reserved
Introduction
Documentation gives rise to numerous international exchanges of both intellectual and material
nature. These exchanges often become difficult, either because of the great variety of terms used in
various fields or languages to express the same concept, or because of the absence of, or the imprecision
of, useful concepts.
To avoid misunderstandings due to this situation and to facilitate such exchanges, it is advisable to
select terms to be used in various languages or in various countries to express the same concept, and
to establish definitions providing satisfactory equivalents for the various terms in different languages.
The objects involved in the ISO 23472 series are foundry machines used in foundry production.
The purpose of the ISO 23472 series is to provide definitions in English that are rigorous, uncomplicated
and which can be understood by all concerned. The scope of each concept defined has been chosen to
provide a definition that is suitable for general application within foundry machinery, which includes
machines and equipment adapted in each stage of the processes within different casting processes.
As a metal thermoforming method that fills molten metal into the mold to produce machine parts or
rough parts after solidification, casting has a long history and various processes, and its technology
remains constantly developing and changing. According to the differences of the molds used, or
different ways of molten metal filling or solidification, casting processes are usually divided into sand
casting, permanent casting and other casting processes. According to different casting processes and
different stages of production, casting equipment covered by foundry machinery is divided into the
following major categories:
— molding and coremaking machines and other equipment related to non-permanent mold casting
process;
— die casting machines and other equipment related to permanent mold casting process;
— abrasive blasting machines and other equipment related to cleaning and finishing for casting;
— cupola furnaces and pouring devices and ladles.
This document only involves general terms and definitions of foundry machinery, including basic
concepts concerning foundry machinery and related casting methods and production processes. The
detailed terms of the specific categories are defined in other parts of the ISO 23472 series (see Figure 1).
Figure 1 — Structure of foundry machinery vocabulary
vi © ISO 2020 – All rights reserved
INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO 23472-1:2020(E)
Foundry machinery — Vocabulary —
Part 1:
General
1 Scope
This document gives an overview on the terms and definitions of foundry machinery that are commonly
and widely used.
It applies to standard development in the foundry machinery field, technical documentation, related
scientific and technical publications, etc.
2 Normative reference
There are no normative references in this document.
3 Terms and definitions
For the purposes of this document, the following terms and definitions apply.
ISO and IEC maintain terminological databases for use in standardization at the following addresses:
— ISO Online browsing platform: available at https:// www .iso .org/ obp
— IEC Electropedia: available at http:// www .electropedia .org/
3.1
abrasive blasting
shot blasting
process in which the workpiece to be cleaned or surface to be treated is subjected to continuous attack
by abrasive media (3.3) to achieve a desired result
3.2
abrasive blasting machinery
shot blasting machinery
machine used for shot blasting (3.1) process by either centrifugal force or compressed air to accelerate
abrasive media (3.3)
3.3
abrasive media
shot blasting media
granular metallic or non-metallic material to be forcibly applied to a surface to achieve a desired result
Note 1 to entry: For the classification of metallic abrasives, see ISO 11124-1. For the classification of non-metallic
abrasives, see ISO 11126-1.
3.4
adding and compacting sand device
device for sand adding and compacting by vibration in molding process in expendable pattern casting
(3.58), for example, shower adding sand machine and vibrating table (3.176)
3.5
automatic mode
full-automatic mode
operating mode where the completion of a casting cycle initiates the next casting cycle
EXAMPLE To continuously produce castings (3.11) with any external process steps being automatically
carried out by ancillary device.
3.6
batch sand mixer
batch sand mill
machine for batch mixing (blending, coating, kneading) of molding or core sand with bonding agents,
water and complementary mold material additions
Note 1 to entry: The machines are provided with rotating paddles and/or milling rollers and fast rotating paddles
for the aeration of the material. Typically, machines consist of a circular container in which rotating ploughs and/
or mill wheels (mullers) are mounted.
3.7
binder
bonding substance
material with bonding property, mainly used to prepare molding (core) sand, coating and core adhesive
in foundry production
Note 1 to entry: Foundry binders are usually divided into two categories: inorganic and organic binders, or clay
binders and non-clay binders.
3.8
burdening
process in which the proportion of various metallic charge is determined according to the
requirement of the chemical composition of casting alloy (3.10), the actual situation of burden and the
changing law of elements in melting (3.98)
3.9
burdening
process in which the mixing proportion of various molding materials (3.108) is determined
according to the requirement of molding sand (3.111) properties in molding sand preparation (3.112)
3.10
cast metal
cast alloy
metal with proper castability which is used to produce castings (3.11), including cast iron, cast steel
and non-ferrous cast alloys (such as cast aluminium alloy, magnesium alloy, copper alloy, zinc alloy and
titanium alloy)
3.11
casting
metal part or rough part that has been given its shape in a mold (3.101) by solidification
(3.160) of molten metal (3.95)
3.12
casting
process in which molten metal (3.95) is poured, injected or suctioned into the mold cavity
and solidified to obtain metal parts or rough parts with certain shapes, sizes and properties
3.13
casting cooling
process in which the temperature of a casting (3.11) drops gradually after it is formed
Note 1 to entry: It includes the cooling of the casting in the mold (3.101), as well as the secondary cooling of the
casting after removal from the mold.
2 © ISO 2020 – All rights reserved
3.14
casting cooling and transferring system
system used for recooling of casting (3.11) after demolding
Note 1 to entry: It uses continuous conveyor (3.23), such as vibrating conveyor or overhead chain conveyor, and
can be equipped with ventilating and spray cooling system.
3.15
centrifugal casting
process in which molten metal (3.95) is filled into a mold (3.101) that rotates around a horizontal or
vertical axis and solidifies under the action of centrifugal force to produce castings (3.11)
Note 1 to entry: The molten metal is evenly distributed to the surface of the mold cavity under the centrifugal
force produced by the rotation of the mold, forming cylindrical cylinder sleeve, pipe and other ringlike castings.
3.16
centrifugal casting machine
machine that uses centrifugal casting (3.15) process to produce castings (3.11), such as horizontal
centrifugal casting machine and centrifugal casting-pipe machine
3.17
ceramic mold casting
process in which the ceramic mold is used to pour castings (3.11)
Note 1 to entry: Ceramic mold casting is a kind of precision casting (3.127) method, which is mainly used for single
piece and small batch manufacturing of metal molds, as well as turbine blades, impellers and other precision
castings.
Note 2 to entry: Ceramic mold is made by casting ceramic slurry, then spraying and firing, and then ceramic solid
mold or thin shell mold is made.
3.18
clay bonded sand
molding sand (3.111) that uses clay as binder and is made of foundry sand, clay, water and additives
(such as seacoal, etc.) mixed in a certain proportion
Note 1 to entry: Clay is a commonly used binder in sand mold casting production, which can be divided into
kaolin or bentonite.
Note 2 to entry: Clay bonded sand can be divided into wet sand and dry sand according to different conditions of
use, in which wet sand is also called green sand (3.79).
3.19
cleaning
process of removing contaminant and unwanted material (for example, sand core (3.140) and residual
sand on the surface from casting, gate and riser, flash, burr, oxide scale, etc.) from casting (3.11)
3.20
compacting
process of compacting loose molding sand (3.111) by jolting, squeezing, shooting, air flowing and other
ways during the molding process to obtain the strength required for sand mold (3.146)
3.21
continuous casting
process of continuously casting metal ingots, pipes or fixed section long castings (3.11)
Note 1 to entry: Process in which molten metal (3.95) is poured into a cooled mold open on both sides via tundish.
The shaping element of the strand is the mold (3.101). On the short way through the mold, so much heat is
extracted from the molten metal that it solidifies completely or with the formation of a load-bearing edge shell.
The strand is pulled out of the mold on the opposite side with the aid of a drawing device. In this way, different
strand formats with a constant cross-section can be produced.
ISO 23472-1:
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