ISO 20815:2008
(Main)Petroleum, petrochemical and natural gas industries — Production assurance and reliability management
Petroleum, petrochemical and natural gas industries — Production assurance and reliability management
ISO 20815:2008 introduces the concept of production assurance within the systems and operations associated with exploration drilling, exploitation, processing and transport of petroleum, petrochemical and natural gas resources. ISO 20815:2008 covers upstream (including subsea), midstream and downstream facilities and activities. It focuses on production assurance of oil and gas production, processing and associated activities and covers the analysis of reliability and maintenance of the components. ISO 20815:2008 provides processes and activities, requirements and guidelines for systematic management, effective planning, execution and use of production assurance and reliability technology. This is to achieve cost-effective solutions over the life cycle of an asset-development project structured around the following main elements: production-assurance management for optimum economy of the facility through all of its life-cycle phases, while also considering constraints arising from health, safety, environment, quality and human factors; planning, execution and implementation of reliability technology; application of reliability and maintenance data; and reliability-based design and operation improvement. For standards on equipment reliability and maintenance performance in general, see the IEC 60300-3 series. ISO 20815:2008 designates 12 processes, of which seven are defined as core production-assurance processes and addressed in ISO 20815:2008. The remaining five processes are denoted as interacting processes and are outside the scope of ISO 20815:2008. The interaction of the core production-assurance processes with these interacting processes, however, is within the scope of ISO 20815:2008 as the information flow to and from these latter processes is required to ensure that production-assurance requirements can be fulfilled. ISO 20815:2008 recommends that the listed processes and activities be initiated only if they can be considered to add value. The only requirements mandated by ISO 20815:2008 are the establishment and execution of the production-assurance programme (PAP).
Industries du pétrole, de la pétrochimie et du gaz naturel — Assurance de la production et management de la fiabilité
L'ISO 20815:2008 introduit le concept d'assurance production dans les systèmes et les opérations liés au forage, à l'exploitation, au traitement et au transport des ressources pétrolières, pétrochimiques et en gaz naturel. L'ISO 20815:2008 couvre les installations et les activités amont (y compris sous-marines), intermédiaires et aval. Elle est axée sur l'assurance production relative à la production du pétrole et du gaz, sur le traitement et les opérations associées et couvre l'analyse de la fiabilité et de la maintenance des composants. Elle fournit des processus et des activités, des exigences et des lignes directrices pour la gestion systématique, la planification, l'exécution et l'utilisation efficaces de l'assurance production et des techniques fiabilistes. Le but en est d'obtenir des solutions rentables sur tout le cycle de vie d'un projet de développement d'une installation de production structurée autour des éléments principaux suivants: gestion de l'assurance production pour une économie optimale de l'installation durant toutes les phases de son cycle de vie, tout en tenant compte des contraintes résultant de facteurs liés à santé, à la sécurité, à l'environnement et à la qualité ainsi qu'aux facteurs humains; planification, exécution et mise en œuvre des techniques fiabilistes; application des données de fiabilité et de maintenance; et amélioration de la conception et de l'exploitation basée sur la fiabilité. Pour les normes relatives à la fiabilité des équipements et à l'exécution de la maintenance, voir la série CEI 60300-3. L'ISO 20815:2008 définie douze processus, dont sept sont définis comme des processus fondamentaux de l'assurance production et sont y abordés. Les cinq processus restants sont appelés processus en interaction et ne relèvent pas du domaine d'application de l'ISO 20815:2008. L'interaction des processus fondamentaux de l'assurance production avec ces processus interactifs s'inscrit toutefois dans le domaine d'application de la norme car le flux d'informations à destination et en provenance de ces derniers processus est requis pour s'assurer que les exigences de l'assurance production peuvent être remplies. L'ISO 20815:2008 recommande de ne lancer les processus et activités qu'elle énumère que s'ils apportent de la valeur ajoutée. Les seules exigences obligatoires stipulées par l'ISO 20815:2008 concernent l'établissement et l'exécution du programme d'assurance production (PAP).
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INTERNATIONAL ISO
STANDARD 20815
First edition
2008-06-01
Corrected version
2009-06-15
Petroleum, petrochemical and natural gas
industries — Production assurance and
reliability management
Industries du pétrole, de la pétrochimie et du gaz naturel — Assurance
de la production et management de la fiabilité
Reference number
©
ISO 2008
PDF disclaimer
This PDF file may contain embedded typefaces. In accordance with Adobe's licensing policy, this file may be printed or viewed but
shall not be edited unless the typefaces which are embedded are licensed to and installed on the computer performing the editing. In
downloading this file, parties accept therein the responsibility of not infringing Adobe's licensing policy. The ISO Central Secretariat
accepts no liability in this area.
Adobe is a trademark of Adobe Systems Incorporated.
Details of the software products used to create this PDF file can be found in the General Info relative to the file; the PDF-creation
parameters were optimized for printing. Every care has been taken to ensure that the file is suitable for use by ISO member bodies. In
the unlikely event that a problem relating to it is found, please inform the Central Secretariat at the address given below.
© ISO 2008
All rights reserved. Unless otherwise specified, no part of this publication may be reproduced or utilized in any form or by any means,
electronic or mechanical, including photocopying and microfilm, without permission in writing from either ISO at the address below or
ISO's member body in the country of the requester.
ISO copyright office
Case postale 56 • CH-1211 Geneva 20
Tel. + 41 22 749 01 11
Fax + 41 22 749 09 47
E-mail copyright@iso.org
Web www.iso.org
Published in Switzerland
ii © ISO 2008 – All rights reserved
Contents Page
Foreword. iv
Introduction . v
1 Scope . 1
2 Normative references . 1
3 Terms, definitions and abbreviated terms . 2
3.1 Terms and definitions. 2
3.2 Abbreviations . 7
4 Production assurance and decision support . 8
4.1 Framework conditions. 8
4.2 Optimization process . 9
4.3 Production-assurance programme . 11
4.4 Alternative standards . 15
5 Production-assurance processes and activities . 15
Annex A (informative) Contents of production-assurance programme (PAP) . 17
Annex B (informative) Core production-assurance processes and activities . 19
Annex C (informative) Interacting production-assurance processes and activities. 26
Annex D (informative) Production-performance analyses. 30
Annex E (informative) Reliability and production-performance data . 34
Annex F (informative) Performance objectives and requirements . 36
Annex G (informative) Performance measures for production availability. 38
Annex H (informative) Catastrophic events. 47
Annex I (informative) Outline of techniques. 49
Bibliography . 64
Foreword
ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards bodies
(ISO member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally carried out through ISO
technical committees. Each member body interested in a subject for which a technical committee has been
established has the right to be represented on that committee. International organizations, governmental and
non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work. ISO collaborates closely with the
International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) on all matters of electrotechnical standardization.
International Standards are drafted in accordance with the rules given in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2.
The main task of technical committees is to prepare International Standards. Draft International Standards
adopted by the technical committees are circulated to the member bodies for voting. Publication as an
International Standard requires approval by at least 75 % of the member bodies casting a vote.
Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent
rights. ISO shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights.
ISO 20815 was prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 67, Materials, equipment and offshore structures
for petroleum, petrochemical and natural gas industries.
This corrected version of ISO 20815:2008 incorporates the following corrections:
⎯ 3.1.13 “(t + ∆t)” modified to “[t, (t + ∆t)]”;
⎯ 3.1.46, Equation (1) symbols and definitions modified;
⎯ Clause G.2, Equation (G.2) symbols and definitions modified.
iv © ISO 2008 – All rights reserved
Introduction
The petroleum and natural gas industries involve large capital investment costs as well as operational
expenditures. The profitability of these industries is dependent upon the reliability, availability and
maintainability of the systems and components that are used. Therefore, for optimal production availability in
the oil and gas business, a standardized, integrated reliability approach is required.
The concept of production assurance, introduced in this International Standard, enables a common
understanding with respect to use of reliability technology in the various life-cycle phases and covers the
activities implemented to achieve and maintain a performance level that is at its optimum in terms of the
overall economy and, at the same time, consistent with applicable regulatory and framework conditions.
Annexes A through I are for information only.
INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO 20815:2008(E)
Petroleum, petrochemical and natural gas industries —
Production assurance and reliability management
1 Scope
This International Standard introduces the concept of production assurance within the systems and operations
associated with exploration drilling, exploitation, processing and transport of petroleum, petrochemical and
natural gas resources. This International Standard covers upstream (including subsea), midstream and
downstream facilities and activities. It focuses on production assurance of oil and gas production, processing
and associated activities and covers the analysis of reliability and maintenance of the components.
It provides processes and activities, requirements and guidelines for systematic management, effective
planning, execution and use of production assurance and reliability technology. This is to achieve cost-
effective solutions over the life cycle of an asset-development project structured around the following main
elements:
⎯ production-assurance management for optimum economy of the facility through all of its life-cycle phases,
while also considering constraints arising from health, safety, environment, quality and human factors;
⎯ planning, execution and implementation of reliability technology;
⎯ application of reliability and maintenance data;
⎯ reliability-based design and operation improvement.
For standards on equipment reliability and maintenance performance in general, see the IEC 60300-3 series.
This International Standard designates 12 processes, of which seven are defined as core production-
assurance processes and addressed in this International Standard. The remaining five processes are denoted
as interacting processes and are outside the scope of this International Standard. The interaction of the core
production-assurance processes with these interacting processes, however, is within the scope of this
International Standard as the information flow to and from these latter processes is required to ensure that
production-assurance requirements can be fulfilled.
This International Standard recommends that the listed processes and activities be initiated only if they can be
considered to add value.
The only requirements mandated by this International Standard are the establishment and execution of the
production-assurance programme (PAP).
2 Normative references
The following referenced documents are indispensable for the application of this document. For dated
references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced
document (including any amendments) applies.
ISO 14224:2006, Petroleum, petrochemical and natural gas industries — Collection and exchange of reliability
and maintenance data for equipment
3 Terms, definitions and abbreviated terms
3.1 Terms and definitions
For the purpose of this document, the following terms and definitions apply.
3.1.1
availability
ability of an item to be in a state to perform a required function under given conditions at a given instant of
time, or in average over a given time interval, assuming that the required external resources are provided
See Figure G.1 for further information.
3.1.2
common cause failure
failures of different items resulting from the same direct cause, occurring within a relatively short time, where
these failures are not consequences of each other
3.1.3
corrective maintenance
maintenance that is carried out after a fault recognition and intended to put an item into a state in which it can
perform a required function
[2]
See IEC 60050-191:1990, Figure 191-10 , for more specific information.
3.1.4
deliverability
ratio of deliveries to planned deliveries over a specified period of time, when the effect of compensating
elements, such as substitution from other producers and downstream buffer storage, is included
See Figure G.1 for further information.
3.1.5
design life
planned usage time for the total system
NOTE Design life should not be confused with MTTF (3.1.25), which is comprised of several items that may be
allowed to fail within the design life of the system as long as repair or replacement is feasible.
3.1.6
down state
internal disabled state of an item characterized either by a fault or by a possible inability to perform a required
[2]
function during preventive maintenance
NOTE This state is related to availability performance.
3.1.7
downtime
[2]
time interval during which an item is in a non-working state
NOTE The downtime includes all the delays between the item failure and the restoration of its service. Downtime can
be either planned or unplanned.
3.1.8
downstream
business process, most commonly in the petroleum industry, associated with post-production activities
EXAMPLES Refining, transportation and marketing of petroleum products.
2 © ISO 2008 – All rights reserved
3.1.9
failure
termination of the ability of an item to perform a required function
NOTE 1 After failure, the item has a fault.
NOTE 2 “Failure” is an event, as distinguished from “fault”, which is a state.
3.1.10
failure cause
root cause
[2]
circumstances during design, manufacture or use that have led to a failure
NOTE Generic failure cause codes applicable for equipment failures are defined in ISO 14224:2006, B.2.3.
3.1.11
failure data
data characterizing the occurrence of a failure event
3.1.12
failure mode
effect by which a failure is observed on the failed item
NOTE Failure-mode codes are defined for some equipment classes in ISO 14224:2006, B.2.6.
3.1.13
failure rate
limit, if this exists, of the ratio of the conditional probability that the instant of time, T, of a failure of an item falls
within a given time interval, [t, (t + ∆t)] and the length of this interval, ∆t, when ∆t tends to zero, given that the
item is in an up state at the beginning of the time interval
See ISO 14224:2006, Clause C.3 for further explanation of the failure rate.
NOTE 1 In this definition, t may also denote the time to failure or the time to first failure.
NOTE 2 A practical interpretation of failure rate is the number of failures relative to the corresponding operational time.
In some cases, time can be replaced by units of use. In most cases, the reciprocal of MTTF (3.1.25) can be used as the
predictor for the failure rate, i.e. the average number of failures per unit of time in the long run if the units are replaced by
an identical unit at failure.
NOTE 3 The failure rate can be based on operational time or calendar tim
...
INTERNATIONAL ISO
STANDARD 20815
First edition
2008-06-01
Petroleum, petrochemical and natural gas
industries — Production assurance and
reliability management
Industries du pétrole, de la pétrochimie et du gaz naturel — Assurance
de la production et management de la fiabilité
Reference number
©
ISO 2008
PDF disclaimer
This PDF file may contain embedded typefaces. In accordance with Adobe's licensing policy, this file may be printed or viewed but
shall not be edited unless the typefaces which are embedded are licensed to and installed on the computer performing the editing. In
downloading this file, parties accept therein the responsibility of not infringing Adobe's licensing policy. The ISO Central Secretariat
accepts no liability in this area.
Adobe is a trademark of Adobe Systems Incorporated.
Details of the software products used to create this PDF file can be found in the General Info relative to the file; the PDF-creation
parameters were optimized for printing. Every care has been taken to ensure that the file is suitable for use by ISO member bodies. In
the unlikely event that a problem relating to it is found, please inform the Central Secretariat at the address given below.
© ISO 2008
All rights reserved. Unless otherwise specified, no part of this publication may be reproduced or utilized in any form or by any means,
electronic or mechanical, including photocopying and microfilm, without permission in writing from either ISO at the address below or
ISO's member body in the country of the requester.
ISO copyright office
Case postale 56 • CH-1211 Geneva 20
Tel. + 41 22 749 01 11
Fax + 41 22 749 09 47
E-mail copyright@iso.org
Web www.iso.org
Published in Switzerland
ii © ISO 2008 – All rights reserved
Contents Page
Foreword. iv
Introduction . v
1 Scope . 1
2 Normative references . 1
3 Terms, definitions and abbreviated terms . 2
3.1 Terms and definitions. 2
3.2 Abbreviations . 7
4 Production assurance and decision support . 8
4.1 Framework conditions. 8
4.2 Optimization process . 9
4.3 Production-assurance programme . 11
4.4 Alternative standards . 15
5 Production-assurance processes and activities . 15
Annex A (informative) Contents of production-assurance programme (PAP) . 17
Annex B (informative) Core production-assurance processes and activities . 19
Annex C (informative) Interacting production-assurance processes and activities. 26
Annex D (informative) Production-performance analyses. 30
Annex E (informative) Reliability and production-performance data . 34
Annex F (informative) Performance objectives and requirements . 36
Annex G (informative) Performance measures for production availability. 38
Annex H (informative) Catastrophic events. 47
Annex I (informative) Outline of techniques. 49
Bibliography . 64
Foreword
ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards bodies
(ISO member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally carried out through ISO
technical committees. Each member body interested in a subject for which a technical committee has been
established has the right to be represented on that committee. International organizations, governmental and
non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work. ISO collaborates closely with the
International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) on all matters of electrotechnical standardization.
International Standards are drafted in accordance with the rules given in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2.
The main task of technical committees is to prepare International Standards. Draft International Standards
adopted by the technical committees are circulated to the member bodies for voting. Publication as an
International Standard requires approval by at least 75 % of the member bodies casting a vote.
Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent
rights. ISO shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights.
ISO 20815 was prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 67, Materials, equipment and offshore structures
for petroleum, petrochemical and natural gas industries.
iv © ISO 2008 – All rights reserved
Introduction
The petroleum and natural gas industries involve large capital investment costs as well as operational
expenditures. The profitability of these industries is dependent upon the reliability, availability and
maintainability of the systems and components that are used. Therefore, for optimal production availability in
the oil and gas business, a standardized, integrated reliability approach is required.
The concept of production assurance, introduced in this International Standard, enables a common
understanding with respect to use of reliability technology in the various life-cycle phases and covers the
activities implemented to achieve and maintain a performance level that is at its optimum in terms of the
overall economy and, at the same time, consistent with applicable regulatory and framework conditions.
Annexes A through I are for information only.
INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO 20815:2008(E)
Petroleum, petrochemical and natural gas industries —
Production assurance and reliability management
1 Scope
This International Standard introduces the concept of production assurance within the systems and operations
associated with exploration drilling, exploitation, processing and transport of petroleum, petrochemical and
natural gas resources. This International Standard covers upstream (including subsea), midstream and
downstream facilities and activities. It focuses on production assurance of oil and gas production, processing
and associated activities and covers the analysis of reliability and maintenance of the components.
It provides processes and activities, requirements and guidelines for systematic management, effective
planning, execution and use of production assurance and reliability technology. This is to achieve cost-
effective solutions over the life cycle of an asset-development project structured around the following main
elements:
⎯ production-assurance management for optimum economy of the facility through all of its life-cycle phases,
while also considering constraints arising from health, safety, environment, quality and human factors;
⎯ planning, execution and implementation of reliability technology;
⎯ application of reliability and maintenance data;
⎯ reliability-based design and operation improvement.
For standards on equipment reliability and maintenance performance in general, see the IEC 60300-3 series.
This International Standard designates 12 processes, of which seven are defined as core production-
assurance processes and addressed in this International Standard. The remaining five processes are denoted
as interacting processes and are outside the scope of this International Standard. The interaction of the core
production-assurance processes with these interacting processes, however, is within the scope of this
International Standard as the information flow to and from these latter processes is required to ensure that
production-assurance requirements can be fulfilled.
This International Standard recommends that the listed processes and activities be initiated only if they can be
considered to add value.
The only requirements mandated by this International Standard are the establishment and execution of the
production-assurance programme (PAP).
2 Normative references
The following referenced documents are indispensable for the application of this document. For dated
references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced
document (including any amendments) applies.
ISO 14224:2006, Petroleum, petrochemical and natural gas industries — Collection and exchange of reliability
and maintenance data for equipment
3 Terms, definitions and abbreviated terms
3.1 Terms and definitions
For the purpose of this document, the following terms and definitions apply.
3.1.1
availability
ability of an item to be in a state to perform a required function under given conditions at a given instant of
time, or in average over a given time interval, assuming that the required external resources are provided
See Figure G.1 for further information.
3.1.2
common cause failure
failures of different items resulting from the same direct cause, occurring within a relatively short time, where
these failures are not consequences of each other
3.1.3
corrective maintenance
maintenance that is carried out after a fault recognition and intended to put an item into a state in which it can
perform a required function
[2]
See IEC 60050-191:1990, Figure 191-10 , for more specific information.
3.1.4
deliverability
ratio of deliveries to planned deliveries over a specified period of time, when the effect of compensating
elements, such as substitution from other producers and downstream buffer storage, is included
See Figure G.1 for further information.
3.1.5
design life
planned usage time for the total system
NOTE Design life should not be confused with MTTF (3.1.25), which is comprised of several items that may be
allowed to fail within the design life of the system as long as repair or replacement is feasible.
3.1.6
down state
internal disabled state of an item characterized either by a fault or by a possible inability to perform a required
[2]
function during preventive maintenance
NOTE This state is related to availability performance.
3.1.7
downtime
[2]
time interval during which an item is in a non-working state
NOTE The downtime includes all the delays between the item failure and the restoration of its service. Downtime can
be either planned or unplanned.
3.1.8
downstream
business process, most commonly in the petroleum industry, associated with post-production activities
EXAMPLES Refining, transportation and marketing of petroleum products.
2 © ISO 2008 – All rights reserved
3.1.9
failure
termination of the ability of an item to perform a required function
NOTE 1 After failure, the item has a fault.
NOTE 2 “Failure” is an event, as distinguished from “fault”, which is a state.
3.1.10
failure cause
root cause
[2]
circumstances during design, manufacture or use that have led to a failure
NOTE Generic failure cause codes applicable for equipment failures are defined in ISO 14224:2006, B.2.3.
3.1.11
failure data
data characterizing the occurrence of a failure event
3.1.12
failure mode
effect by which a failure is observed on the failed item
NOTE Failure-mode codes are defined for some equipment classes in ISO 14224:2006, B.2.6.
3.1.13
failure rate
limit, if this exists, of the ratio of the conditional probability that the instant of time, T, of a failure of an item falls
within a given time interval, (t + ∆t) and the length of this interval, ∆t, when ∆t tends to zero, given that the item
is in an up state at the beginning of the time interval
See ISO 14224:2006, Clause C.3 for further explanation of the failure rate.
NOTE 1 In this definition, t may also denote the time to failure or the time to first failure.
NOTE 2 A practical interpretation of failure rate is the number of failures relative to the corresponding operational time.
In some cases, time can be replaced by units of use. In most cases, the reciprocal of MTTF (3.1.25) can be used as the
predictor for the failure rate, i.e. the average number of failures per unit of time in the long run if the units are replaced by
an identical unit at failure.
NOTE 3 The failure rate can be based on operational time or calendar time.
3.1.14
fault
state of an item characterized by inability to perform a required function, excluding the inability during
[2]
preventive maintenance or other planned actions, or due to lack of external resources
NOTE A fault is often a result of a failure of the item itself but the
...
NORME ISO
INTERNATIONALE 20815
Première édition
2008-06-01
Industries du pétrole, de la pétrochimie et
du gaz naturel — Assurance de la
production et management de la fiabilité
Petroleum, petrochemical and natural gas industries — Production
assurance and reliability management
Numéro de référence
©
ISO 2008
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© ISO 2008
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quelque forme que ce soit et par aucun procédé, électronique ou mécanique, y compris la photocopie et les microfilms, sans l'accord écrit
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Web www.iso.org
Version française parue en 2009
Publié en Suisse
ii © ISO 2008 – Tous droits réservés
Sommaire Page
Avant-propos. iv
Introduction . v
1 Domaine d'application. 1
2 Références normatives . 2
3 Termes, définitions et termes abrégés. 2
3.1 Termes et définitions. 2
3.2 Abréviations . 8
4 Assurance production et aide à la décision .9
4.1 Conditions de travail . 9
4.2 Processus d'optimisation . 10
4.3 Programme d'assurance production .12
4.4 Normes alternatives. 17
5 Processus et activités de l'assurance production . 17
Annexe A (informative) Contenu du programme d'assurance production (PAP) . 19
Annexe B (informative) Processus et activités fondamentaux de l'assurance production. 21
Annexe C (informative) Activités et processus d'assurance production en interaction . 29
Annexe D (informative) Analyses de la performance de production . 33
Annexe E (informative) Données de fiabilité et de performance de production. 37
Annexe F (informative) Objectifs et exigences de performance . 39
Annexe G (informative) Mesures de performance pour la disponibilité de production. 41
Annexe H (informative) Événements catastrophiques. 52
Annexe I (informative) Présentation des techniques. 54
Bibliographie . 70
Avant-propos
L'ISO (Organisation internationale de normalisation) est une fédération mondiale d'organismes nationaux de
normalisation (comités membres de l'ISO). L'élaboration des Normes internationales est en général confiée
aux comités techniques de l'ISO. Chaque comité membre intéressé par une étude a le droit de faire partie du
comité technique créé à cet effet. Les organisations internationales, gouvernementales et non
gouvernementales, en liaison avec l'ISO participent également aux travaux. L'ISO collabore étroitement avec
la Commission électrotechnique internationale (CEI) en ce qui concerne la normalisation électrotechnique.
Les Normes internationales sont rédigées conformément aux règles données dans les Directives ISO/CEI,
Partie 2.
La tâche principale des comités techniques est d'élaborer les Normes internationales. Les projets de Normes
internationales adoptés par les comités techniques sont soumis aux comités membres pour vote. Leur
publication comme Normes internationales requiert l'approbation de 75 % au moins des comités membres
votants.
L'attention est appelée sur le fait que certains des éléments du présent document peuvent faire l'objet de
droits de propriété intellectuelle ou de droits analogues. L'ISO ne saurait être tenue pour responsable de ne
pas avoir identifié de tels droits de propriété et averti de leur existence.
L'ISO 20815 a été élaborée par le comité technique ISO/TC 67, Matériel, équipement et structures en mer
pour les industries pétrolière, pétrochimique et du gaz naturel.
La présente version française de l'ISO 20815:2008 correspond à la version anglaise publiée le 2008-06-01 et
corrigée le 2009-06-15.
iv © ISO 2008 – Tous droits réservés
Introduction
Les industries du pétrole et du gaz naturel impliquent des niveaux élevés de coûts d'investissements et de
dépenses opérationnelles. La rentabilité de ces industries dépend de la fiabilité, de la disponibilité et de la
maintenabilité des systèmes et des composants qui sont utilisés. Par conséquent, la disponibilité de
production optimale dans les activités liées au pétrole et au gaz exige une approche fiabiliste intégrée et
normalisée.
Le concept de l'assurance production, présenté dans la présente Norme internationale, permet une
compréhension commune de l'utilisation des techniques fiabilistes dans les diverses phases du cycle de vie et
couvre les activités mises en œuvre pour atteindre et maintenir un niveau de performances qui soit à la fois
optimal en termes d'économie globale et cohérent avec les conditions applicables de la réglementation et du
cadre de travail.
Les Annexes A à I sont informatives.
NORME INTERNATIONALE ISO 20815:2008(F)
Industries du pétrole, de la pétrochimie et du gaz naturel —
Assurance de la production et management de la fiabilité
1 Domaine d'application
La présente Norme internationale introduit le concept d'assurance production dans les systèmes et les
opérations liés au forage, à l'exploitation, au traitement et au transport des ressources pétrolières,
pétrochimiques et en gaz naturel. La présente Norme internationale couvre les installations et les activités
amont (y compris sous-marines), intermédiaires et aval. Elle est axée sur l'assurance production relative à la
production du pétrole et du gaz, sur le traitement et les opérations associées et couvre l'analyse de la fiabilité
et de la maintenance des composants.
Elle fournit des processus et des activités, des exigences et des lignes directrices pour la gestion
systématique, la planification, l'exécution et l'utilisation efficaces de l'assurance production et des techniques
fiabilistes. Le but en est d'obtenir des solutions rentables sur tout le cycle de vie d'un projet de développement
d'une installation de production structurée autour des éléments principaux suivants:
⎯ gestion de l'assurance production pour une économie optimale de l'installation durant toutes les phases
de son cycle de vie, tout en tenant compte des contraintes résultant de facteurs liés à la santé, à la
sécurité, à l'environnement et à la qualité ainsi qu'aux facteurs humains;
⎯ planification, exécution et mise en œuvre des techniques fiabilistes;
⎯ application des données de fiabilité et de maintenance;
⎯ amélioration de la conception et de l'exploitation basée sur la fiabilité.
Pour les normes relatives à la fiabilité des équipements et à l'exécution de la maintenance, voir la série
CEI 60300-3.
La présente Norme internationale définie douze processus, dont sept sont définis comme des processus
fondamentaux de l'assurance production et sont abordés dans la présente Norme internationale. Les cinq
processus restants sont appelés processus en interaction et ne relèvent pas du domaine d'application de la
présente Norme internationale. L'interaction des processus fondamentaux de l'assurance production avec ces
processus interactifs s'inscrit toutefois dans le domaine d'application de la norme car le flux d'informations à
destination et en provenance de ces derniers processus est requis pour s'assurer que les exigences de
l'assurance production peuvent être remplies.
La présente Norme internationale recommande de ne lancer les processus et activités qu'elle énumère que
s'ils apportent de la valeur ajoutée.
Les seules exigences obligatoires stipulées par la présente Norme internationale concernent l'établissement
et l'exécution du programme d'assurance production (PAP).
2 Références normatives
Les documents de référence suivants sont indispensables pour l'application du présent document. Pour les
références datées, seule l'édition citée s'applique. Pour les références non datées, la dernière édition du
document de référence s'applique (y compris les éventuels amendements).
ISO 14224:2006, Industries du pétrole, de la pétrochimie et du gaz naturel — Recueil et échange de données
de fiabilité et de maintenance des équipements
3 Termes, définitions et termes abrégés
3.1 Termes et définitions
Pour les besoins du présent document, les termes et définitions suivants s'appliquent.
3.1.1
disponibilité
aptitude d'une entité à être en état d'accomplir une fonction requise dans des conditions données, à un instant
donné ou, en moyenne, pendant un intervalle de temps donné, en supposant que la fourniture des ressources
externes nécessaires est assurée
Voir Figure G.1 pour de plus amples informations.
3.1.2
défaillance de cause commune
défaillances de différentes entités résultant de la même cause directe, se produisant en un court laps de
temps et n'étant pas les conséquences les unes des autres
3.1.3
maintenance corrective
maintenance effectuée après une détection de panne et destinée à mettre une entité dans un état lui
permettant d'accomplir une fonction requise
[2]
Voir la CEI 60050-191:1990, Figure 191-10 , pour des informations plus spécifiques.
3.1.4
livrabilité
capacité de livraison
rapport des livraisons effectives aux livraisons prévues sur une durée spécifiée, lorsque l'effet d'éléments de
compensation tels que la substitution provenant d'autres producteurs et le stockage aval en tampon est inclus
Voir Figure G.1 pour de plus amples informations.
3.1.5
durée de vie de conception
durée d'utilisation planifiée pour l'ensemble du système
NOTE Il convient de ne pas confondre la durée de vie de conception avec le MTTF (3.1.25) du système qui comporte
plusieurs entités autorisées à tomber en panne durant la durée de vie de conception tant que la réparation ou le
remplacement est faisable.
3.1.6
état d'indisponibilité (down state)
état d'incapacité interne d'une entité caractérisée soit par une panne, soit par l'inaptitude éventuelle à
[2]
accomplir une fonction requise pendant la maintenance préventive
NOTE Cet état est lié à la performance de disponibilité.
2 © ISO 2008 – Tous droits réservés
3.1.7
temps d'indisponibilité (downtime)
[2]
intervalle de temps pendant lequel une entité n'est pas en état de fonctionner
NOTE Le temps d'indisponibilité inclut toute la durée entre la défaillance de l'entité et la restauration de son service.
Le temps d'arrêt peut être planifié ou non.
3.1.8
aval
procédé industriel, le plus généralement dans l'industrie du pétrole, pour décrire les activités de post
production
EXEMPLE Raffinage, transport et mise sur le marché de produits pétroliers.
3.1.9
défaillance
cessation de l'aptitude d'une entité à accomplir une fonction requise
NOTE 1 Après défaillance d'une entité, celle-ci est en état de panne.
NOTE 2 Une «défaillance» est un passage d'un état à un autre, par opposition à une «panne», qui est un état.
3.1.10
cause de défaillance
cause fondamentale
ensemble des circonstances associées à la conception, la fabrication ou l'utilisation qui ont entraîné une
[2]
défaillance
NOTE L'ISO 14224:2006, B.2.3, définit les codes de causes de défaillance applicables aux défaillances des
équipements.
3.1.11
do
...
Questions, Comments and Discussion
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