ISO/IEC 17344:2009

Information technology - Data interchange on 120 mm and 80 mm optical disk using +R format - Capacity: 4,7 Gbytes and 1,46 Gbytes per side (recording speed up to 16X)

ISO/IEC 17344:2009 specifies the mechanical, physical and optical characteristics of 120 mm recordable optical disks with capacities of 4,7 Gbytes and 9,4 Gbytes. It specifies the quality of the recorded and unrecorded signals, the format of the data and the recording method, thereby allowing for information interchange by means of such disks. The data can be written once and read many times using a non-reversible method. These disks are identified as +R. ISO/IEC 17344:2009 also specifies 80 mm disks with capacities of 1,46 Gbytes and 2,92 Gbytes. These disks have the same characteristics as the 120 mm disks, except for some parameters related to the smaller dimensions. All parameters unique for the 80 mm disks are specified in an annex. ISO/IEC 17344:2009 specifies the following: two related but different types of this disk; the conditions for conformance; the environments in which the disk is to be tested, operated and stored; the mechanical, physical and dimensional characteristics of the disk, so as to provide mechanical interchange between data processing systems; the format of the information on the disk, including the physical disposition of the tracks and sectors, the error correcting codes and the coding method; the characteristics of the signals recorded on the disk, thus enabling data processing systems to read the data from the disk. ISO/IEC 17344:2009 provides for the interchange of disks between optical disk drives. Together with a standard for volume and file structure, it provides for full data interchange between data processing systems.

Technologies de l'information — Échange de données sur disques optiques de 120 mm et 80 mm en utilisant le format +R — Capacité: 4,7 Go et 1,46 Go par face (vitesse d'enregistrement inférieure ou égale à 16X)

General Information

• Status: Published
• Publication Date: 09-Jun-2009
• ICS: 35.220.30 - Optical storage devices
• Technical Committee: ISO/IEC JTC 1/SC 23 - Digitally recorded media for information interchange and storage
• Drafting Committee: ISO/IEC JTC 1/SC 23 - Digitally recorded media for information interchange and storage
• Current Stage: 9093 - International Standard confirmed
• Start Date: 08-Jul-2020
• Completion Date: 30-Oct-2025

Relations

• Revises: ISO/IEC 17344:2006 - Information technology - Data Interchange on 120 mm and 80 mm Optical Disk using +R Format - Capacity: 4,7 and 1,46 Gbytes per Side (Recording speed up to 16X)
• Effective Date: 26-Jun-2008

Overview

ISO/IEC 17344:2009 defines the requirements for recordable optical disks using the +R format for 120 mm and 80 mm media (notably capacities of 4.7 Gbytes / 9.4 Gbytes for 120 mm and 1.46 Gbytes / 2.92 Gbytes for 80 mm, with recording speeds up to 16X). The standard specifies mechanical, physical and optical characteristics, data format and recording methods to enable reliable data interchange and drive-to-disk interoperability for write-once/read-many (+R) optical media.

Key topics and technical requirements

• Mechanical and dimensional characteristics: overall dimensions, clamping zone, rim and information zone layouts for both 120 mm and 80 mm disks (annex for 80 mm specifics).
• Optical and substrate properties: reflectivity, substrate thickness, refractive index and related optical tolerances in the information zone.
• Signal and read channel characteristics: recorded/unrecorded signal quality, read channels, wobble/tracking channels and reference drive definitions to ensure consistent readback.
• Data format and error control: frame layout, ID and EDC/IED fields, ECC blocks, scrambler usage, modulation and NRZI conversion for robust error detection and correction.
• Track and sector layout: track pitch, track path, ADIP information (address-in-pregroove), physical sectors, RUN layout and PSN mapping.
• Conformance, testing and environments: conditions for conformance, test/operating/storage environments, transportation and safety/flammability considerations.
• Interchange scope: rules to allow interchange between optical disk drives and, together with a volume/file structure standard, full data interchange between systems.

Applications and who uses this standard

ISO/IEC 17344:2009 is used by:

• Optical media manufacturers (to design +R discs meeting mechanical and optical tolerances).
• Optical drive and firmware engineers (to implement read/write channels, tracking and ADIP handling).
• Test laboratories and QA teams (to validate conformance, signal quality and environmental reliability).
• Software developers and integrators working with low-level disc recording tools and compatibility testing.
• IT archivists and data distribution services that require reliable, interoperable write-once media for distribution, backup and long-term preservation.

Related standards

ISO/IEC 17344:2009 is intended to work together with standards that define volume and file structure to provide complete data interchange. It complements other optical-media and file-system standards used in software, hardware and archival workflows.

Keywords: ISO/IEC 17344:2009, +R format, optical disk, 120 mm, 80 mm, 4.7 Gbytes, 1.46 Gbytes, data interchange, recordable optical media, ADIP, ECC, NRZI, conformance.

Standards Content (Sample)

INTERNATIONAL ISO/IEC
STANDARD 17344
Fourth edition
2009-06-15
Information technology — Data
interchange on 120 mm and 80 mm
optical disk using +R format — Capacity:
4,7 Gbytes and 1,46 Gbytes per side
(recording speed up to 16X)
Technologies de l'information — Échange de données sur disques
optiques de 120 mm et 80 mm en utilisant le format +R — Capacité: 4,7
Go et 1,46 Go par face (vitesse d'enregistrement inférieure ou égale à
16X)
Reference number
©
ISO/IEC 2009
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©  ISO/IEC 2009
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ii © ISO/IEC 2009 – All rights reserved

Contents Page
Foreword. viii
Introduction .ix
1 Scope .1
2 Conformance.1
2.1 Optical disk.1
2.2 Generating system.1
2.3 Receiving system.2
2.4 Compatibility statement .2
3 Normative references .2
4 Terms and definitions .2
5 Conventions and notations .4
5.1 Representation of numbers .4
5.2 Names .5
6 Abbreviated terms .5
7 General description of the optical disk .6
8 General Requirements .7
8.1 Environments.7
8.1.1 Test environment.7
8.1.2 Operating environment .7
8.1.3 Storage environment.7
8.1.4 Transportation.7
8.2 Safety requirements .8
8.3 Flammability.8
8.4 Light fastness.8
9 Reference Drive.8
9.1 Optical system .8
9.2 Optical beam .9
9.3 Read channel 1.9
9.4 Disk clamping.9
9.5 Rotation of the disk .10
9.6 Wobble channel (Read channel 2) .10
9.7 Tracking channel (Read channel 2) .11
9.8 Reference servo systems .11
9.8.1 Normalized servo transfer function .11
9.8.2 Reference Servo for Axial Tracking.11
9.8.3 Reference Servo for Radial Tracking.12
10 Dimensional characteristics .14
10.1 Reference Planes.14
10.2 Overall dimensions.15
10.3 First transition area .15
10.4 Second transition area .16
10.5 Clamping Zone.16
10.6 Third transition area .16
10.7 Information Zone.16
10.8 Rim Area .17
10.9 Remark on tolerances .17
© ISO/IEC 2009 – All rights reserved iii

11 Mechanical characteristics . 17
11.1 Mass . 17
11.2 Moment of inertia . 17
11.3 Dynamic imbalance. 17
11.4 Axial runout . 17
11.4.1 Tracking requirements at the Reference velocity (CLV) . 17
11.4.2 Tracking requirements at 3 000 RPM (CAV). 18
11.5 Radial runout . 18
11.5.1 Tracking requirements at the Reference velocity (CLV) . 18
11.5.2 Tracking requirements at 3 000 RPM (CAV). 19
12 Optical characteristics in the Information Zone . 19
12.1 Index of refraction. 19
12.2 Thickness of the substrate. 19
12.3 Reflectivity . 20
12.4 Birefringence . 20
12.5 Angular deviation. 20
13 Data format . 21
13.1 Data Frames. 21
13.1.1 Identification Data (ID) . 22
13.1.2 ID Error Detection Code (IED). 22
13.1.3 RSV . 23
13.1.4 Error Detection Code (EDC). 23
13.2 Scrambled Frames . 23
13.3 ECC Blocks. 24
13.4 Recording Frames. 25
13.5 Modulation and NRZI conversion. 26
13.6 Physical Sectors . 27
13.7 Layout of a Recording UNit (RUN). 28
13.7.1 Recording Unit position . 29
13.8 d.c. component suppression control. 29
14 Track format. 30
14.1 Track shape . 30
14.2 Track path . 31
14.3 Track pitch . 31
14.4 Track layout . 31
14.4.1 ADIP information. 31
14.4.2 Physical format information in ADIP. 34
15 General description of the Information Zone . 56
16 Layout of the Information Zone of a Single-session disk. 56
16.1 Physical Sector Numbers (PSNs). 56
17 Inner Drive Area . 57
17.1 Initial Zone . 58
17.2 Inner Disk Test Zone. 58
17.3 Count Zone Run-in. 58
17.4 Inner Disk Count Zone. 58
17.5 Inner Disk Administration Zone. 59
17.6 Table of Contents (TOC) Zone . 59
17.6.1 Table of Contents Blocks . 60
17.6.2 Recorded Area Indicators (optional). 62
18 Lead-in Zone. 63
18.1 Guard Zone 1 . 63
18.2 Reserved Zone 1 . 63
18.3 Reserved Zone 2 . 63
18.4 Inner Disk Identification Zone. 64
18.5 Reserved Zone 3 . 64
18.6 Reference Code Zone . 64
iv © ISO/IEC 2009 – All rights reserved

18.7 Buffer Zone 1.64
18.8 Control Data Zone.64
18.8.1 Physical format information .64
18.8.2 Disk manufacturing information .66
18.8.3 Content provider information.66
18.9 Buffer Zone 2.66
19 Data Zone.67
20 Lead-out Zone .67
20.1 Buffer Zone 3.67
20.2 Outer Disk Identification Zone.67
20.3 Guard Zone 2.67
21 Outer Drive Area .68
21.1 Outer Disk Administration Zone.68
21.2 Outer Disk Count Zone.68
21.3 Outer Disk Test Zone.69
21.4 Guard Zone 3.69
22 Multi-session Layout .69
22.1 Intro .70
22.1.1 Buffer Zone A .71
22.1.2 Inner Session Identification Zone .71
22.1.3 Session Control Data Zone.71
22.1.4 Buffer Zone B .71
22.2 Data Zone.71
22.3 Closure.71
22.3.1 Buffer Zone C .71
22.3.2 Outer Session Identification Zone .71
23 Sequential recording in Fragments .71
23.1 Opening a Session.72
23.1.1 Incomplete Fragment .72
23.1.2 Reserved Fragments .72
23.1.3 Recording User Data in Fragments.73
23.1.4 Closing a Fragment .73
23.2 Closing a Session.74
23.2.1 Lead-in/Intro Zone.74
23.2.2 Closure Zone.74
23.3 Finalizing the disk.75
24 Assignment of Logical Sector Numbers (LSNs).75
25 Disk Control Blocks.75
25.1 General format of Disk Control Blocks .75
25.2 Format of the Session DCB (SDCB).77
25.2.1 Session Items.79
26 General.80
27 Method of testing.81
27.1 Environment.81
27.2 Reference Drive.81
27.2.1 Optics and mechanics.81
27.2.2 Read power.81
27.2.3 Read channels.81
27.2.4 Tracking .81
27.3 Definition of signals.81
28 Characteristics of the groove signals .82
28.1 Phase depth.82
28.2 Push-pull signal .82
28.3 Track Cross signal.83
28.4 Normalized wobble signal.83
© ISO/IEC 2009 – All rights reserved v

28.5 Characteristics of the wobble. 83
29 Method of testing . 83
29.1 Environment . 83
29.2 Reference Drive. 84
29.2.1 Optics and mechanics . 84
29.2.2 Read power. 84
29.2.3 Read channels. 84
29.2.4 Tracking . 84
29.2.5 Scanning velocity. 84
29.3 Write conditions . 84
29.3.1 Write pulse waveform . 84
29.3.2 Write power. 85
29.3.3 Write power dependency on wavelength . 86
29.3.4 Write power window . 86
29.4 Measurement conditions. 87
30 Characteristics of the recorded signals . 87
30.1 Channel bit length. 87
30.2 Definition of signals. 87
30.2.1 High frequency signals (HF) . 87
30.2.2 Modulated amplitude . 87
30.2.3 Signal asymmetry . 88
30.2.4 Normalized Slicing Level jump . 88
30.2.5 Jitter. 88
30.2.6 Track Cross signal . 89
30.3 Read stability. 89
31 Additional testing conditions. 89
31.1 Test environment . 89
31.1.1 Optics . 89
31.2 Definition of signals. 89
31.2.1 Modulated amplitude . 90
31.2.2 Signal asymmetry . 90
31.2.3 Jitter. 90
31.2.4 Track Cross signal . 90
31.2.5 Differential phase tracking error signal . 90
31.2.6 Tangential push-pull signal. 91
32 Quality of the recording layer . 92
32.1 Defects . 92
32.2 Data errors . 92
33 Method of testing . 93
33.1 Environment . 93
33.2 Reference Drive. 93
33.2.1 Optics and mechanics . 93
33.2.2 Read power. 93
33.2.3 Read channels. 93
33.2.4 Error correction. 93
33.2.5 Tracking . 93
34 Minimum quality of a Recording Unit . 94
34.1 Tracking . 94
34.2 User-written data. 94
Annex A (normative) 80 mm +R disk . 95
Annex B (normative) Structure for Extended format information in the Data Zone. 98
Annex C (normative) Measurement of light reflectivity. 101
Annex D (normative) Measurement of birefringence. 103
Annex E (normative) Measuring conditions for operation signals . 106
vi © ISO/IEC 2009 – All rights reserved

Annex F (normative) Measurement of the differential phase tracking error.109
Annex G (normative) The write pulse wave form for testing.113
Annex H (normative) 8-to-16 Modulation.121
Annex I (normative) Optimum Power Control and Recording Conditions.130
Annex J (informative) Running OPC .133
Annex K (informative) Wavelength dependency.134
Annex L (informative) Explanation about the usage of the reference servos.138
Annex M (informative) Measurement of the groove wobble amplitude.145
Annex N (informative) Light fastness of the disk.147
Annex O (informative) Transportation.148
Annex P (informative) Video Content Protection System .149
Annex Q (informative) How to use the Physical format information in ADIP.150
Annex R (informative) Values to be implemented in Existing and Future Specifications.152
Bibliography .155

© ISO/IEC 2009 – All rights reserved vii

Foreword
ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) and IEC (the International Electrotechnical
Commission) form the specialized system for worldwide standardization. National bodies that are members of
ISO or IEC participate in the development of International Standards through technical committees
established by the respective organization to deal with particular fields of technical activity. ISO and IEC
technical committees collaborate in fields of mutual interest. Other international organizations, governmental
and non-governmental, in liaison with ISO and IEC, also take part in the work. In the field of information
technology, ISO and IEC have established a joint technical committee, ISO/IEC JTC 1.
International Standards are drafted in accordance with the rules given in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2.
The main task of the joint technical committee is to prepare International Standards. Draft International
Standards adopted by the joint technical committee are circulated to national bodies for voting. Publication as
an International Standard requires approval by at least 75 % of the national bodies casting a vote.
Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent
rights. ISO and IEC shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights.
ISO/IEC 17344 was prepared by Ecma International (as ECMA-349) and was adopted, under a special “fast-
track procedure”, by Joint Technical Committee ISO/IEC JTC 1, Information technology, in parallel with its
approval by national bodies of ISO and IEC.
This fourth edition cancels and replaces the third edition (ISO/IEC 17344:2006), which has been technically
revised.
viii © ISO/IEC 2009 – All rights reserved

Introduction
Ecma Technical Committee TC31 was established in 1984 for the standardization of Optical Disks and Optical
Disk Cartridges (ODC). Since its establishment, the Committee has made major contributions to ISO/IEC
toward the development of International Standards for 80 mm, 90 mm, 120 mm, 300 mm, and 356 mm media.
Numerous standards have been developed by TC31 and published by Ecma, almost all of which have also
been adopted by ISO/IEC under the fast-track procedure as International Standards.
In April 2003, a group of companies proposed that TC31 develop a standard for 120 mm recordable optical
disks using the WORM recording technology and based on ISO/IEC 16448 and ISO/IEC 17341. TC31
adopted this project and started the work that resulted in the first edition of ISO/IEC 17344.
This International Standard specifies two Types of recordable optical disks: one (Type S) making use of
recording on only a single side of the disk and yielding a nominal capacity of 4,7 Gbytes or 1,46 Gbytes per
disk and the other (Type D) making use of recording on both sides of the disk and yielding a nominal capacity
of 9,4 Gbytes or 2,92 Gbytes per disk.
In December 2003, a proposal was made to TC31 to update ISO/IEC 17344 for recording speeds up to
eight times the reference velocity. TC31 adopted this project, which resulted in the second edition of
ISO/IEC 17344.
In February 2005, a proposal was made to TC31 to update ISO/IEC 17344 for recording speeds up to
16 times the reference velocity and to facilitate the application of the Video Content Protection System.
This International Standard, taken together with a standard for volume and file structure, such as for instance
developed in Ecma Technical Committee TC15, provides the requirements for information interchange
between systems.
© ISO/IEC 2009 – All rights reserved ix

INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO/IEC 17344:2009(E)

Information technology — Data interchange on 120 mm and
80 mm optical disk using +R format — Capacity: 4,7 Gbytes
and 1,46 Gbytes per side (recording speed up to 16X)
1 Scope
This International Standard specifies the mechanical, physical and optical characteristics of 120 mm
recordable optical disks with capacities of 4,7 Gbytes and 9,4 Gbytes. It specifies the quality of the recorded
and unrecorded signals, the format of the data and the recording method, thereby allowing for information
interchange by means of such disks. The data can be written once and read many times using a non-
reversible method. These disks are identified as +R.
This International Standard also specifies 80 mm disks with capacities of 1,46 Gbytes and 2,92 Gbytes. These
disks have the same characteristics as the 120 mm disks, except for some parameters related to the smaller
dimensions. All parameters unique for the 80 mm disks are specified in Annex A.
This International Standard specifies the following:
− two related but different Types of this disk (see Clause 7);
− the conditions for conformance;
− the environments in which the disk is to be tested, operated and stored;
− the mechanical, physical and dimensional characteristics of the disk, so as to provide mechanical
interchange between data processing systems;
− the format of the information on the disk, including the physical disposition of the tracks and sectors, the
error correcting codes and the coding method;
− the characteristics of the signals recorded on the disk, thus enabling data processing systems to read the
data from the disk.
This International Standard provides for the interchange of disks between optical disk drives. Together with a
standard for volume and file structure, it provides for full data interchange between data processing systems.
2 Conformance
2.1 Optical disk
A claim of conformance with this International Standard specifies the Type implemented. An optical disk is in
conformance with this International Standard if it meets all mandatory requirements specified for its Type.
2.2 Generating system
A generating system is in conformance with this International Standard if the optical disk it generates is in
accordance with 2.1.
© ISO/IEC 2009 – All rights reserved 1

2.3 Receiving system
A receiving system is in conformance with this International Standard if it is able to handle both Types of
optical disk according to 2.1.
2.4 Compatibility statement
A claim of conformance by a generating or receiving system with this International Standard shall include a
statement listing any other standards supported. This statement shall specify the numbers of the standards,
the optical disk types supported (where appropriate) and whether support includes reading only or both
reading and writing.
3 Normative references
The following referenced documents are indispensable for the application of this document. For dated
references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced
document (including any amendments) applies.
ISO/IEC 4873:1991, Information technology — ISO 8-bit code for information interchange — Structure and
rules for implementation
ISO/IEC 16448:2002, Information technology — 120 mm DVD — Read-only disk
ECMA-287, Safety of electronic equipment (2002)
4 Terms and definitions
For the purposes of this document, the following terms and definitions apply.
4.1
channel bit
elements by which the binary values ZERO and ONE are represented by marks and spaces on the disk
4.2
clamping zone
annular part of the disk within which the clamping force is applied by the clamping device
4.3
digital sum value
DSV
arithmetic sum obtained from a bit stream by allocating the decimal value +1 to bits set to ONE and the
decimal value −1 to bits set to ZERO
4.4
disk reference plane
plane defined by the perfectly flat annular surface of an ideal spindle onto which the clamping zone of the disk
is clamped, and which is normal to the axis of rotation
4.5
dummy substrate
layer, which can be transparent or not, provided for the mechanical support of the disk a
...