ISO 16283-2:2015
(Main)Acoustics — Field measurement of sound insulation in buildings and of building elements — Part 2: Impact sound insulation
Acoustics — Field measurement of sound insulation in buildings and of building elements — Part 2: Impact sound insulation
ISO 16283-2:20015 specifies procedures to determine the impact sound insulation using sound pressure measurements with an impact source operating on a floor or stairs in a building. These procedures are intended for room volumes in the range from 10 m3 to 250 m3 in the frequency range from 50 Hz to 5 000 Hz. The test results can be used to quantify, assess and compare the impact sound insulation in unfurnished or furnished rooms where the sound field might, or might not approximate to a diffuse field. Two impact sources are described: the tapping machine and the rubber ball. These impact sources do not exactly replicate all possible types of real impacts on floors or stairs in buildings. The tapping machine can be used to assess a variety of light, hard impacts such as footsteps from walkers wearing hard-heeled footwear or dropped objects. A single number quantity can be calculated using the rating procedures in ISO 717‑2. This single number quantity links the measured impact sound insulation using the tapping machine to subjective assessment of general impacts in dwellings that occur on floors or stairs in a building. The tapping machine is also well-suited to the prediction of impact sound insulation using ISO 15712‑2. These two aspects facilitate the specification of impact sound insulation in national building requirements using only measurements with the tapping machine as an impact source. The rubber ball can be used to assess heavy, soft impacts such as from walkers in bare feet or children jumping, as well as quantifying absolute values that can be related to human disturbance in terms of a Fast time-weighted maximum sound pressure level. At present, calculation procedures for a single number quantity do not currently exist in an ISO Standard.
Acoustique — Mesurage in situ de l'isolation acoustique des bâtiments et des éléments de construction — Partie 2: Isolation des bruits d'impacts
L'ISO 16283-2:2015 spécifie les modes opératoires permettant de déterminer l'isolation des bruits d'impacts à l'aide de mesurages de la pression acoustique avec une source d'impacts agissant sur un sol ou sur un escalier à l'intérieur d'un bâtiment. Ces modes opératoires s'appliquent aux pièces dont le volume est compris entre 10 m3 et 250 m3 et dont la fréquence est comprise entre 50 Hz et 5 000 Hz. Les résultats des essais peuvent être utilisés pour quantifier, évaluer et comparer l'isolation des bruits d'impacts dans des pièces non meublées ou meublées où le champ acoustique peut, ou ne peut pas, être assimilé à un champ diffus. Deux sources d'impacts sont décrites: la machine à chocs et la balle en caoutchouc. Ces sources d'impacts ne reproduisent pas exactement tous les types possibles d'impacts réels sur les sols ou escaliers à l'intérieur des bâtiments. La machine à chocs peut être utilisée pour évaluer toute une variété d'impacts légers et durs tels que des pas de personnes marchant avec des talons durs ou des objets qui tombent. Un indice unique peut être calculé à l'aide des méthodes d'évaluation spécifiées dans l'ISO 717‑2. Cet indice unique relie l'isolation des bruits d'impacts mesurée au moyen de la machine à chocs à une évaluation subjective des impacts généraux dans les locaux à usage d'habitation qui se produisent sur les sols ou escaliers à l'intérieur d'un bâtiment. La machine à chocs est également bien adaptée pour prédire l'isolation des bruits d'impacts selon l'ISO 15712‑2. Ces deux aspects facilitent la spécification de l'isolation des bruits d'impacts dans les exigences nationales relatives à la construction, en utilisant seulement la machine à chocs comme source d'impacts pour les mesurages. La balle en caoutchouc peut être utilisée pour évaluer les impacts lourds et souples, tels que des personnes marchant pieds nus ou des enfants qui sautent, ainsi que pour quantifier les valeurs absolues pouvant être liées aux perturbations humaines en termes de niveau de pression acoustique maximal pondéré en temps rapide. Actuellement, il n'existe aucun mode opératoire de calcul d'un indice unique dans les normes ISO.
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INTERNATIONAL ISO
STANDARD 16283-2
First edition
2015-11-15
Acoustics — Field measurement of
sound insulation in buildings and of
building elements —
Part 2:
Impact sound insulation
Acoustique — Mesurage in situ de l’isolation acoustique des
bâtiments et des éléments de construction —
Partie 2: Isolation des bruits d’impacts
Reference number
ISO 16283-2:2015(E)
©
ISO 2015
---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
ISO 16283-2:2015(E)
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ii © ISO 2015 – All rights reserved
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ISO 16283-2:2015(E)
Contents Page
Foreword .v
Introduction .vi
1 Scope . 1
2 Normative references . 1
3 Terms and definitions . 2
4 Instrumentation . 5
4.1 General . 5
4.2 Calibration . 5
4.3 Verification . 5
5 Frequency range . 5
5.1 Tapping machine as the impact source . 5
5.2 Rubber ball as the impact source . 6
6 General . 6
7 Default procedure for sound pressure level measurement . 7
7.1 General . 7
7.2 Generation of sound field . 7
7.2.1 General. 7
7.2.2 Impact source positions for the tapping machine as impact source . 7
7.2.3 Impact source positions for the rubber ball as impact source . 8
7.3 Fixed microphone positions for the tapping machine or rubber ball as impact source . 8
7.3.1 General. 8
7.3.2 Number of measurements . 8
7.3.3 Tapping machine operated at more than one position . 8
7.3.4 Rubber ball operated at more than one position . 9
7.4 Mechanized continuously-moving microphone for the tapping machine as impact source 9
7.4.1 General. 9
7.4.2 Number of measurements . 9
7.4.3 Tapping machine operated at more than one position .10
7.5 Manually-scanned microphone for the tapping machine as impact source.10
7.5.1 General.10
7.5.2 Number of measurements .10
7.5.3 Tapping machine operated at more than one position .10
7.5.4 Circle .10
7.5.5 Helix .10
7.5.6 Cylindrical-type . .10
7.5.7 Three semicircles .11
7.6 Minimum distances for microphone positions .12
7.7 Averaging times for the tapping machine as impact source .12
7.7.1 Fixed microphone positions.12
7.7.2 Mechanized continuously-moving microphone.12
7.7.3 Manually scanned microphone .12
7.8 Calculation of energy-average sound pressure levels .12
7.8.1 Fixed microphone positions for the tapping machine as impact source .12
7.8.2 Mechanized continuously-moving microphone and manually-scanned
microphone for the tapping machine as impact source .13
7.8.3 Fixed microphone positions for the rubber ball as impact source .13
8 Low-frequency procedure for sound pressure level measurement for the tapping
machine as impact source .13
8.1 General .13
8.2 Generation of sound field .13
8.2.1 General.13
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ISO 16283-2:2015(E)
8.2.2 Impact source positions .14
8.3 Microphone positions .14
8.4 Averaging time .15
8.5 Calculation of low-frequency energy-average impact sound pressure levels .15
9 Background noise (default and low-frequency procedure) .15
9.1 General .15
9.2 Correction to the signal level for background noise .16
10 Reverberation time in the receiving room (default and low-frequency procedure) .16
10.1 General .16
10.2 Generation of sound field .17
10.3 Default procedure .17
10.4 Low-frequency procedure .17
10.5 Interrupted noise method .18
10.6 Integrated impulse response method .18
11 Conversion to octave bands .18
12 Expression of results .18
13 Uncertainty .19
14 Test report .19
Annex A (normative) Impact sources .20
Annex B (normative) Requirements for loudspeakers used for reverberation
time measurements.26
Annex C (informative) Forms for the expression of results .27
Annex D (informative) Additional guidance .31
Annex E (informative) Horizontal measurements — Examples of suitable impact source
and microphone positions.35
Annex F (informative) Vertical measurements — Examples of suitable impact source and
microphone positions .39
Bibliography .42
iv © ISO 2015 – All rights reserved
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ISO 16283-2:2015(E)
Foreword
ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards
bodies (ISO member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally carried out
through ISO technical committees. Each member body interested in a subject for which a technical
committee has been established has the right to be represented on that committee. International
organizations, governmental and non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work.
ISO collaborates closely with the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) on all matters of
electrotechnical standardization.
The procedures used to develop this document and those intended for its further maintenance are
described in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 1. In particular the different approval criteria needed for the
different types of ISO documents should be noted. This document was drafted in accordance with the
editorial rules of the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2. www.iso.org/directives
Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of
patent rights. ISO shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. Details of
any patent rights identified during the development of the document will be in the Introduction and/or
on the ISO list of patent declarations received. www.iso.org/patents
Any trade name used in this document is information given for the convenience of users and does not
constitute an endorsement.
For an explanation on the meaning of ISO specific terms and expressions related to conformity
assessment, as well as information about ISO’s adherence to the WTO principles in the Technical
Barriers to Trade (TBT) see the following URL: Foreword - Supplementary information
The committee responsible for this document is ISO/TC 43, Acoustics, Subcommittee SC 2, Building
acoustics.
This first edition of ISO 16283-2 cancels and replaces ISO 140-7:1998 and ISO 140-14:2004, which have
been technically revised.
ISO 16283 consists of the following parts, under the general title Acoustics — Field measurement of
sound insulation in buildings and of building elements:
— Part 1: Airborne sound insulation
— Part 2: Impact sound insulation
— Part 3: Façade sound insulation
© ISO 2015 – All rights reserved v
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ISO 16283-2:2015(E)
Introduction
ISO 16283 (all parts) describes procedures for field measurements of sound insulation in buildings.
Airborne, impact and façade sound insulation are described in ISO 16283-1, ISO 16283-2 and
ISO 16283-3, respectively.
Field sound insulation measurements that were described previously in ISO 140-4, ISO 140-5, and
ISO 140-7 were a) primarily intended for measurements where the sound field could be considered
to be diffuse, and b) not explicit as to whether operators could be present in the rooms during the
measurement. ISO 16283 (all parts) differs from ISO 140-4, ISO 140-5, and ISO 140-7 in that a) it applies
to rooms in which the sound field might, or might not approximate to a diffuse field, b) it clarifies how
operators can measure the sound field using a hand-held microphone or sound level meter and c) it
includes additional guidance that was previously contained in ISO 140-14.
NOTE Survey test methods for field measurements of airborne and impact sound insulation are dealt with
in ISO 10052.
vi © ISO 2015 – All rights reserved
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INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO 16283-2:2015(E)
Acoustics — Field measurement of sound insulation in
buildings and of building elements —
Part 2:
Impact sound insulation
1 Scope
This part of ISO 16283 specifies procedures to determine the impact sound insulation using sound
pressure measurements with an impact source operating on a floor or stairs in a building. These
3 3
procedures are intended for room volumes in the range from 10 m to 250 m in the frequency range
from 50 Hz to 5 000 Hz. The test results can be used to quantify, assess and compare the impact sound
insulation in unfurnished or furnished rooms where the sound field might, or might not approximate to
a diffuse field.
Two impact sources are described: the tapping machine and the rubber ball. These impact sources do
not exactly replicate all possible types of real impacts on floors or stairs in buildings.
The tapping machine can be used to assess a variety of light, hard impacts such as footsteps from
walkers wearing hard-heeled footwear or dropped objects. A single number quantity can be calculated
using the rating procedures in ISO 717-2. This single number quantity links the measured impact
sound insulation using the tapping machine to subjective assessment of general impacts in dwellings
that occur on floors or stairs in a building. The tapping machine is also well-suited to the prediction
of impact sound insulation using ISO 15712-2. These two aspects facilitate the specification of impact
sound insulation in national building requirements using only measurements with the tapping machine
as an impact source.
The rubber ball can be used to assess heavy, soft impacts such as from walkers in bare feet or children
jumping, as well as quantifying absolute values that can be related to human disturbance in terms of
a Fast time-weighted maximum sound pressure level. At present, calculation procedures for a single
number quantity do not currently exist in an ISO Standard.
2 Normative references
The following documents, in whole or in part, are normatively referenced in this document and are
indispensable to its application. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated
references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies.
ISO 717-2, Acoustics — Rating of sound insulation in buildings and of building elements — Part 2: Impact
sound insulation
ISO 3382-2, Acoustics — Measurement of room acoustic parameters — Part 2: Reverberation time in
ordinary rooms
ISO 12999-1, Acoustics — Determination and application of measurement uncertainties in building
acoustics — Part 1: Sound insulation
ISO 18233, Acoustics — Application of new measurement methods in building and room acoustics
IEC 60942, Electroacoustics — Sound calibrators
IEC 61183, Electroacoustics — Random-incidence and diffuse-field calibration of sound level meters
IEC 61260, Electroacoustics — Octave-band and fractional-octave-band filters
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ISO 16283-2:2015(E)
IEC 61672-1, Electroacoustics — Sound level meters — Part 1: Specifications
3 Terms and definitions
For the purposes of this document, the following terms and definitions apply
3.1
energy-average impact sound pressure level in a room
L
i
ten times the common logarithm of the ratio of the space and time average of the squared sound
pressure to the square of the reference sound pressure where the impact source is the tapping machine
and the space average is taken over the central zone of the room where nearfield radiation from the
room boundaries has negligible influence
Note 1 to entry: L is expressed in decibels.
i
3.2
corner impact sound pressure level in a room
L
i,Corner
ten times the common logarithm of the ratio of the highest time average squared sound pressure from
the set of corner measurements to the square of the reference sound pressure for the low-frequency
range (50 Hz, 63 Hz, and 80 Hz one-third octave bands) where the impact source is the tapping machine
Note 1 to entry: L is expressed in decibels.
i,Corner
3.3
low-frequency energy-average impact sound pressure level in a room
L
i,LF
ten times the common logarithm of the ratio of the space and time average of the squared sound
pressure to the square of the reference sound pressure in the low-frequency range (50 Hz, 63 Hz, and
80 Hz one-third octave bands) where the impact source is the tapping machine and the space average
is a weighted average that is calculated using the room corners where the sound pressure levels are
highest and the central zone of the room where nearfield radiation from the room boundaries has
negligible influence
Note 1 to entry: L is expressed in decibels.
i,LF
Note 2 to entry: L is an estimate of the energy-average sound pressure level for the entire room volume.
i,LF
3.4
energy-average maximum impact sound pressure level in a room
L
i,Fmax
ten times the common logarithm of the ratio of the space average of the squared maximum sound
pressure with Fast time weighting to the square of the reference sound pressure where the impact
source is the rubber ball and the space average is taken over the central zone of the room where
nearfield radiation from the room boundaries has negligible influence
Note 1 to entry: L is expressed in decibels.
i,Fmax
3.5
reverberation time
T
time required for the sound pressure level in a room to decrease by 60 dB after the sound source has
stopped
Note 1 to entry: T is expressed in seconds.
3.6
background noise level
measured sound pressure level in the receiving room from all sources except the impact source
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ISO 16283-2:2015(E)
3.7
fixed microphone
microphone that is fixed in space by using a device such as a tripod so that it is stationary
3.8
mechanized continuously moving microphone
microphone that is mechanically moved with approximately constant angular speed in a circle, or is
mechanically swept along a circular path where the angle of rotation about a fixed axis is between
270° and 360°
3.9
manually scanned microphone
microphone attached to a hand-held sound level meter or an extension rod that is moved by a human
operator along a prescribed path
3.10
manually held microphone
microphone attached to a hand-held sound level meter or a rod that is hand-held at a fixed position by a
human operator at a distance at least an arm’s length from the trunk of the operator’s body
3.11
partition
total surface of the floor or stair which is excited by the impact source
Note 1 to entry: For two rooms which are staggered vertically or horizontally, the total surface of the
separating partition is not visible from both sides of the partition; hence it is necessary to define the partition
as the total surface.
3.12
common partition
part of the floor or stair that is common to both the room in which the impact source is used and the
receiving room
3.13
standardized impact sound pressure level
’
L
nT
impact sound pressure level, L , reduced by a correction term which is given in decibels, being ten times
i
the common logarithm of the ratio of the measured reverberation time, T, to the reference reverberation
time, T , which is calculated using Formula (1) when the impact source is the tapping machine:
0
T
'
L =−L 10lg (1)
niT
T
0
where
T is the reverberation time in the receiving room;
T is the reference reverberation time; for dwellings, T = 0,5 s.
0 0
’
Note 1 to entry: L is expressed in decibels.
nT
Note 2 to entry: The impact sound pressure level is referenced to a reverberation time of 0,5 s because in
dwellings with furniture the reverberation time has been found to be reasonably independent of volume and
frequency and to be approximately equal to 0,5 s.
’
Note 3 to entry: L provides a straightforward link to the subjective impression of impact sound insulation.
nT
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ISO 16283-2:2015(E)
3.14
normalized impact sound pressure level
’
L
n
impact sound pressure level, L , increased by a correction term which is given in decibels, being ten
i
times the common logarithm of the ratio between the measured equivalent absorption area, A, of the
receiving room and the reference equivalent absorption area, A , which is calculated using Formula (2)
0
when the impact source is the tapping machine:
A
'
L =+L 10lg (2)
ni
A
0
where
A is the equivalent absorption area in the receiving room;
2
A is the reference equivalent absorption area; for dwellings, A = 10 m .
0 0
’
Note 1 to entry: L is expressed in decibels.
n
3.15
standardized maximum impact sound pressure level
’
L
i,Fmax,V,T
maximum impact sound pressure level, L , increased by a correction term for room volume and
i,Fmax
reduced by a correction term for reverberation time and Fast time weighting which is calculated using
Formulae (3), (4) and (5) when the impact source is the rubber ball:
−1
−−1
−1
−−1 C
1−C ( )
−1 ()
V 1−C CC−
'
0
L =+L 10lg −10lg (3)
iF,amix,VT, ,Fmax
−1
−1
V −1
1−C −1
0
−−1 C
( 0 )
1−C
()
0
CC−
0 0
T
0
C = (4)
0
1.7275
T
C= (5)
1.7275
where
T is the reverberation time in the receiving room;
T is the reference reverberation time; for dwellings, T = 0,5 s;
0 0
V is the receiving room volume, in cubic metres;
3
V is the reference receiving room volume; for dwellings, V = 50 m .
0 0
’
Note 1 to entry: L is expressed in decibels.
i,Fmax,V,T
Note 2 to entry: Background information can be found in Reference [15].
3.16
equivalent absorption area
A
hypothetical area of a totally absorbing surface without diffraction effects which, if it were the only
absorbing element in the room, would give the same reverberation time as the room under consideration
and is calculated using Sabine’s formula in Formula (6):
01, 6V
A= (6)
T
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ISO 16283-2:2015(E)
where
V is the receiving room volume, in cubic metres;
T is the reverberation time in the receiving room.
Note 1 to entry: A is expressed in square metres.
4 Instrumentation
4.1 General
The instruments for measuring sound pressure levels, including microphone(s) as well as cable(s),
windscreen(s), recording devices and other accessories, if used, shall meet the requirements for a class
0 or 1 instrument in accordance with IEC 61672-1 for random incidence application.
Filters shall meet the requirements for a class 0 or 1 instrument in accordance with IEC 61260.
The reverberation time measurement equipment shall comply with the requirements defined in
ISO 3382-2.
The impact sources shall meet the requirements given in Annex A.
4.2 Calibration
At the beginning and at the end of every measurement session and at least at the beginning and the end
of each measurement day, the entire sound pressure level measuring system shall be checked at one or
more frequencies by means of a sound calibrator meeting the requirements for a class 0 or 1 instrument
in accordance with IEC 60942. Each time the calibrator is used, the sound pressure level measured
with the calibrator should be noted in the field documentation of the operator. Without any further
adjustment, the difference between the readings of two consecutive checks shall be less or equal to
...
ISO 16283-2:2015(E)
ISO/TC 43/SC 2
Date: 2015‐07‐15
ISO 16283-2
ISO/TC 43/SC 2/WG18
Secretariat: DS
Acoustics — Field measurement of sound insulation in buildings and of
building elements — Part 2: Impact sound insulation
Acoustique — Mesurage in situ de l'isolation acoustique des bâtiments et des éléments de construction — Partie 2:
Isolation des bruits d'impacts
© ISO 2015 – All rights reserved i
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ISO 16283-2:2015(E)
Copyright notice
This ISO document is a working draft or committee draft and is copyright‐protected by ISO. While
the reproduction of working drafts or committee drafts in any form for use by participants in the
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Violators may be prosecuted.
ii © ISO 2015 – All rights reserved
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ISO 16283-2:2015(E)
Contents Page
Foreword . v
Introduction . vi
1 Scope . 1
2 Normative references . 1
3 Terms and definitions . 2
4 Instrumentation . 5
5 Frequency range . 6
6 General . 6
7 Default procedure for sound pressure level measurement . 7
8 Low-frequency procedure for sound pressure level measurement for the tapping
machine as impact source . 14
9 Background noise (default and low-frequency procedure) . 17
10 Reverberation time in the receiving room (default and low-frequency procedure) . 18
11 Conversion to octave bands for the tapping machine as impact source . 19
12 Conversion to octave bands for the rubber ball as impact source . 20
13 Expression of results . 20
14 Uncertainty . 20
15 Test report . 20
Annex A (normative) Impact sources . 22
A.1 Standard tapping machine . 22
A.1.1 Require ments . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22
A.1.2 Regular checks of performance . 23
A.2 Rubber ball . 24
A.2.1 R equire ments . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 24
A.2.2 Example of the construction of the rubber ball . 27
A.2.3 Regular checks of performance . 28
Annex B (normative) Requirements for loudspeakers used for reverberation time
measurements . 29
B.1 General . 29
B.2 Qualification procedure for directivity . 29
Annex C (informative) Forms for the expression of results . 30
Annex D (informative) Additional guidance . 34
D.1 General . 34
D.2 Principles . 34
© ISO 2015 – All rights reserved iii
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ISO 16283-2:2015(E)
D.2.1 Floor coverings . 34
D.2.2 Calculation of room volumes . 34
D.2.3 Calculation of common partition area . 34
D.2.4 Number of microphone and impact source positions . 34
D.3 Horizontal measurements . 35
D.4 Vertical measurements . 36
D.4.1 General . 36
D.4.2 Partly-divided rooms . 36
D.4.3 Non-staggered rooms . 36
D.4.3.1 General . 36
D.4.4 Staggered rooms . 36
D.5 Corridors and staircases . 36
D.5.1 Measurements of impact sound insulation from a corridor . 36
D.5.2 Measurements of impact sound insulation from staircases in apartment houses and
internal stairs in apartments and terrace houses . 37
D.6 Airborne sound contribution from the tapping machine . 37
Annex E (informative) Horizontal measurements — Examples of suitable impact source and
microphone positions . 38
E.1 General . 38
E.2 Symbols . 38
Annex F (informative) Vertical measurements — Examples of suitable impact source and
microphone positions . 42
F.1 General . 42
F.2 Symbols . 42
Bibliography . 46
iv © ISO 2015 – All rights reserved
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ISO 16283-2:2015(E)
Foreword
ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national
standards bodies (ISO member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally
carried out through ISO technical committees. Each member body interested in a subject for which a
technical committee has been established has the right to be represented on that committee.
International organizations, governmental and non‐governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in
the work. ISO collaborates closely with the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) on all
matters of electrotechnical standardization.
The procedures used to develop this document and those intended for its further maintenance are
described in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 1. In particular the different approval criteria needed for the
different types of ISO documents should be noted. This document was drafted in accordance with the
editorial rules of the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2. www.iso.org/directives
Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of
patent rights. ISO shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. Details of
any patent rights identified during the development of the document will be in the Introduction and/or
on the ISO list of patent declarations received. www.iso.org/patents
Any trade name used in this document is information given for the convenience of users and does not
constitute an endorsement.
For an explanation on the meaning of ISO specific terms and expressions related to conformity
assessment, as well as information about ISO's adherence to the WTO principles in the Technical
Barriers to Trade (TBT) see the following URL: Foreword ‐ Supplementary information
The committee responsible for this document is ISO/TC 43, Acoustics, Subcommittee SC 2, Building
acoustics.
This first edition cancels and replaces the second edition of ISO 140‐7:1998 and the first edition of
ISO 140‐14:2004, which have been technically revised.
ISO 16283 consists of the following parts, under the general title Acoustics — Field measurement of
sound insulation in buildings and of building elements:
— Part 1: Airborne sound insulation
— Part 2: Impact sound insulation
— Part 3: Façade sound insulation
© ISO 2015 – All rights reserved v
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ISO 16283-2:2015(E)
Introduction
ISO 16283 (all parts) describes procedures for field measurements of sound insulation in buildings.
Airborne, impact and façade sound insulation are described in ISO 16283‐1, ISO 16283‐2 and
ISO 16283‐3, respectively.
Field sound insulation measurements that were described previously in ISO 140‐4, ISO 140‐5, and
ISO 140‐7 were a) primarily intended for measurements where the sound field could be considered to
be diffuse, and b) not explicit as to whether operators could be present in the rooms during the
measurement. ISO 16283 (all parts) differs from ISO 140‐4, ISO 140‐5, and ISO 140‐7 in that a) it
applies to rooms in which the sound field might, or might not approximate to a diffuse field, b) it
clarifies how operators can measure the sound field using a hand‐held microphone or sound level meter
and c) it includes additional guidance that was previously contained in ISO 140‐14.
NOTE Survey test methods for field measurements of airborne and impact sound insulation are dealt with in
ISO 10052.
vi © ISO 2015 – All rights reserved
---------------------- Page: 6 ----------------------
INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO 16283-2:2015(E)
Acoustics — Field measurement of sound insulation in buildings
and of building elements — Part 2: Impact sound insulation
1 Scope
This part of ISO 16283 specifies procedures to determine the impact sound insulation using sound
pressure measurements with an impact source operating on a floor or stairs in a building. These
3 3
procedures are intended for room volumes in the range from 10 m to 250 m in the frequency range
from 50 Hz to 5 000 Hz. The test results can be used to quantify, assess and compare the impact sound
insulation in unfurnished or furnished rooms where the sound field might, or might not approximate to
a diffuse field.
Two impact sources are described: the tapping machine and the rubber ball. These impact sources do
not exactly replicate all possible types of real impacts on floors or stairs in buildings.
The tapping machine can be used to assess a variety of light, hard impacts such as footsteps from
walkers wearing hard‐heeled footwear or dropped objects. A single number quantity can be calculated
using the rating procedures in ISO 717‐2. This single number quantity links the measured impact sound
insulation using the tapping machine to subjective assessment of general impacts in dwellings that
occur on floors or stairs in a building. The tapping machine is also well‐suited to the prediction of
impact sound insulation using ISO 15712‐2. These two aspects facilitate the specification of impact
sound insulation in national building requirements using only measurements with the tapping machine
as an impact source.
The rubber ball can be used to assess heavy, soft impacts such as from walkers in bare feet or children
jumping, as well as quantifying absolute values that can be related to human disturbance in terms of a
Fast time‐weighted maximum sound pressure level. At present, calculation procedures for a single
number quantity do not currently exist in an ISO Standard.
2 Normative references
The following documents, in whole or in part, are normatively referenced in this document and are
indispensable to its application. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated
references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies.
ISO 717‐2, Acoustics — Rating of sound insulation in buildings and of building elements — Part 2: Impact
sound insulation
ISO 3382‐2, Acoustics — Measurement of room acoustic parameters — Part 2: Reverberation time in
ordinary rooms
ISO 12999‐1, Acoustics — Determination and application of measurement uncertainties in building
acoustics — Part 1: Sound insulation
ISO 18233, Acoustics — Application of new measurement methods in building and room acoustics
IEC 60942, Electroacoustics — Sound calibrators
IEC 61183, Electroacoustics — Random-incidence and diffuse-field calibration of sound level meters
© ISO 2015 – All rights reserved 1
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ISO 16283-2:2015(E)
IEC 61260, Electroacoustics — Octave-band and fractional-octave-band filters
IEC 61672‐1, Electroacoustics — Sound level meters — Part 1: Specifications
3 Terms and definitions
For the purposes of this document, the following terms and definitions apply
3.1
energy-average impact sound pressure level in a room
L
i
ten times the common logarithm of the ratio of the space and time average of the squared sound
pressure to the square of the reference sound pressure where the impact source is the tapping machine
and the space average is taken over the central zone of the room where nearfield radiation from the
room boundaries has negligible influence
Note 1 to entry: L is expressed in decibels.
i
3.2
corner impact sound pressure level in a room
L
i,Corner
ten times the common logarithm of the ratio of the highest time average squared sound pressure from
the set of corner measurements to the square of the reference sound pressure for the low‐frequency
range (50 Hz, 63 Hz, and 80 Hz one‐third octave bands) where the impact source is the tapping machine
Note 1 to entry: L is expressed in decibels.
i,Corner
3.3
low-frequency energy-average impact sound pressure level in a room
L
i,LF
ten times the common logarithm of the ratio of the space and time average of the squared sound
pressure to the square of the reference sound pressure in the low‐frequency range (50 Hz, 63 Hz, and
80 Hz one‐third octave bands) where the impact source is the tapping machine and the space average is
a weighted average that is calculated using the room corners where the sound pressure levels are
highest and the central zone of the room where nearfield radiation from the room boundaries has
negligible influence
Note 1 to entry: L is expressed in decibels.
i,LF
Note 2 to entry: L is an estimate of the energy‐average sound pressure level for the entire room volume.
i,LF
3.4
energy-average maximum impact sound pressure level in a room
L
i,Fmax
ten times the common logarithm of the ratio of the space average of the squared maximum sound
pressure with Fast time weighting to the square of the reference sound pressure where the impact
source is the rubber ball and the space average is taken over the central zone of the room where
nearfield radiation from the room boundaries has negligible influence
Note 1 to entry: Li,Fmax is expressed in decibels.
3.5
reverberation time
T
2 © ISO 2015 – All rights reserved
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ISO 16283-2:2015(E)
time required for the sound pressure level in a room to decrease by 60 dB after the sound source has
stopped
Note 1 to entry: T is expressed in seconds.
3.6
background noise level
measured sound pressure level in the receiving room from all sources except the impact source
3.7
fixed microphone
microphone that is fixed in space by using a device such as a tripod so that it is stationary
3.8
mechanized continuously moving microphone
microphone that is mechanically moved with approximately constant angular speed in a circle, or is
mechanically swept along a circular path where the angle of rotation about a fixed axis is between 270°
and 360°
3.9
manually scanned microphone
microphone attached to a hand‐held sound level meter or an extension rod that is moved by a human
operator along a prescribed path
3.10
manually held microphone
microphone attached to a hand‐held sound level meter or a rod that is hand‐held at a fixed position by a
human operator at a distance at least an arm’s length from the trunk of the operator’s body
3.11
partition
total surface of the floor or stair which is excited by the impact source
Note 1 to entry: For two rooms which are staggered vertically or horizontally, the total surface of the separating
partition is not visible from both sides of the partition; hence it is necessary to define the partition as the total
surface.
3.12
common partition
part of the floor or stair that is common to both the room in which the impact source is used and the
receiving room
3.13
standardized impact sound pressure level
'
L
nT
impact sound pressure level, Li, reduced by a correction term which is given in decibels, being ten times
the common logarithm of the ratio of the measured reverberation time, T, to the reference
reverberation time, T, which is calculated using Formula (1) when the impact source is the tapping
0
machine:
T
'
LL10lg (1)
niT
T
0
where
© ISO 2015 – All rights reserved 3
---------------------- Page: 9 ----------------------
ISO 16283-2:2015(E)
T is the reverberation time in the receiving room;
T is the reference reverberation time; for dwellings, T = 0,5 s.
0 0
’
Note 1 to entry: L is expressed in decibels.
nT
Note 2 to entry: The impact sound pressure level is referenced to a reverberation time of 0,5 s because in
dwellings with furniture the reverberation time has been found to be reasonably independent of volume and
frequency and to be approximately equal to 0,5 s.
’
Note 3 to entry: L provides a straightforward link to the subjective impression of impact sound insulation.
nT
3.14
normalized impact sound pressure level
’
L
n
impact sound pressure level, Li, increased by a correction term which is given in decibels, being ten
times the common logarithm of the ratio between the measured equivalent absorption area, A, of the
receiving room and the reference equivalent absorption area, A, which is calculated using Formula (2)
0
when the impact source is the tapping machine:
A
'
LL10lg (2)
ni
A
0
where
A is the absorption area in the receiving room;
2
A0 is the reference absorption area; for dwellings, A0 = 10 m.
’
Note 1 to entry: L is expressed in decibels.
n
3.15
standardized maximum impact sound pressure level
’
L
i,Fmax,V,T
maximum impact sound pressure level, L , increased by a correction term for room volume and
i,Fmax
reduced by a correction term for reverberation time and Fast time weighting which is calculated using
Formulae (3), (4) and (5) when the impact source is the rubber ball:
1
1
1
1 C
1 1C
VC1 C C
'
0
LL10lg10lg (3)
i,Fmax,VT, i,Fmax
1
1
1
V
1 C 1
0
1 C
0
1C
0
CC
00
T
0
C (4)
0
1.7275
T
C (5)
1.7275
where
T is the reverberation time in the receiving room;
T is the reference reverberation time; for dwellings, T = 0,5 s;
0 0
4 © ISO 2015 – All rights reserved
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ISO 16283-2:2015(E)
V is the receiving room volume, in cubic metres;
3
V is the reference receiving room volume; for dwellings, V = 50 m.
0 0
’
Note 1 to entry: L is expressed in decibels.
i,Fmax,V,T
[13]
Note 2 to entry: Background information can be found in reference .
3.16
equivalent sound absorption area of a room
A
hypothetical area of a totally absorbing surface without diffraction effects which, if it were the only
absorbing element in the room, would give the same reverberation time as the room under
consideration and is calculated using Sabine's formula in Formula (6):
0,16V
A (6)
T
where
V is the receiving room volume, in cubic metres;
T is the reverberation time in the receiving room.
Note 1 to entry: A is expressed in square metres.
4 Instrumentation
4.1 General
The instruments for measuring sound pressure levels, including microphone(s) as well as cable(s),
windscreen(s), recording devices and other accessories, if used, shall meet the requirements for a class
0 or 1 instrument in accordance with IEC 61672‐1 for random incidence application.
Filters shall meet the requirements for a class 0 or 1 instrument in accordance with IEC 61260.
The reverberation time measurement equipment shall comply with the requirements defined in
ISO 3382‐2.
The impact sources shall meet the requirements given in Annex A.
4.2 Calibration
At the beginning and at the end of every measurement session and at least at the beginning and the end
of each measurement day, the entire sound pressure level measuring system shall be checked at one or
more frequencies by means of a sound calibrator meeting the requirements for a class 0 or 1 instrument
in accordance with IEC 60942. Each time the calibrator is used, the sound pressure level measured with
the calibrator should be noted in the field documentation of the operator. Without any further
adjustment, the difference between the readings of two consecutive checks shall be less or equal to 0,5
dB. If this value is exceeded, the results of measurements obtained after the previous satisfactory check
shall be discarded.
4.3 Verification
Compliance of the sound pressure level measuring instrument, the filters and the sound calibrator with
the relevant requirements shall be verified by the existence of a valid certificate of compliance. If
applicable, random incidence response of the microphone shall be verified by a procedure from
IEC 61183. All compliance testing shall be conducted by a laboratory being accredited or otherwise
© ISO 2015 – All rights reserved 5
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ISO 16283-2:2015(E)
nationally authorized to perform the relevant tests and calibrations and ensuring metrological
traceability to the appropriate measurement standards.
NOTE Unless national regulations dictate otherwise, it is recommended that the sound calibrator be
calibrated at intervals not exceeding one year, the compliance of the instrumentation system with the
requirements of IEC 61672–1 should be verified at intervals not exceeding two years, and the compliance of the
filter set with the requirements of IEC 61260 should be verified at intervals not exceeding two years.
5 Frequency range
5.1 Tapping machine as the impact source
All quantities shall be measured using one‐third octave band filters having at least the following centre
frequencies, in hertz:
100, 125, 160, 200, 250, 315, 400, 500, 630, 800, 1 000, 1 250, 1 600, 2 000, 2 500, 3 150
If additional information in the low‐frequency range is required, use one‐third octave band filters with
the following centre frequencies, in hertz:
50, 63, 80
If additional information in the high‐frequency range is required, use one‐third octave band filters with
the following centre frequencies, in hertz:
4 000, 5 000
NOTE Measurement of additional information in the low‐ and high‐frequency ranges is optional.
5.2 Rubber ball as the impact source
All quantities shall be measured using one‐third octave or octave band filters.
One‐third octave band filters shall have at least the following centre frequencies, in hertz:
50, 63, 80, 100, 125, 160, 200, 250, 315, 400, 500, 630
6 General
Determination of the impact sound insulation in accordance to this part of ISO 16283 requires that one
room is chosen as the receiving room into which sound is radiated due to an impact source operating on
a partition. The room or space in which the impact source is operated is referred to as the source room.
The measurements that are required include the sound pressure levels in the receiving room with the
impact source operating, the background noise levels in the receiving room when the impact source is
switched off and the reverberation times in the receiving room.
Two impact sources are described: the tapping machine and the rubber ball.
Two measurement procedures are described that shall be used for the sound pressure level, the
reverberation time and the background noise; a default procedure and an additional low‐frequency
procedure.
For the sound pressure level and the background noise, the default procedure requires measurements
to be taken in the central zone of a room at positions away from the room boundaries. With the tapping
machine as the impact source, the default procedure for all frequencies is to obtain the energy‐average
sound pressure level using a fixed microphone or a manually‐held microphone moved from one
position to another, an array of fixed microphones, a mechanized continuously moving microphone or a
manually scanned microphone. With the rubber ball as the impact source, the default procedure for all
frequencies is to obtain the energy‐average sound pressure level using a fixed microphone or a
manually‐held microphone moved from one position to another or an array of fixed microphones.
6 © ISO 2015 – All rights reserved
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ISO 16283-2:2015(E)
For the sound pressure level and the background noise with the tapping machine as the impact source
...
DRAFT INTERNATIONAL STANDARD
ISO/DIS 16283-2
ISO/TC 43/SC 2 Secretariat: DIN
Voting begins on: Voting terminates on:
2013-10-10 2014-03-10
Acoustics — Field measurement of sound insulation in
buildings and of building elements —
Part 2:
Impact sound insulation
Acoustique — Mesurage in situ de l’isolation acoustique des bâtiments et des éléments de construction —
Partie 2: Isolation des bruits d’impacts
[Revision of first edition (ISO 140-14:2004) and second edition ISO 140-7:1998]
ICS: 91.120.20;91.060.30
ISO/CEN PARALLEL PROCESSING
This draft has been developed within the International Organization for
Standardization (ISO), and processed under the ISO lead mode of collaboration
as defined in the Vienna Agreement.
This draft is hereby submitted to the ISO member bodies and to the CEN member
bodies for a parallel five month enquiry.
Should this draft be accepted, a final draft, established on the basis of comments
received, will be submitted to a parallel two-month approval vote in ISO and
THIS DOCUMENT IS A DRAFT CIRCULATED
formal vote in CEN.
FOR COMMENT AND APPROVAL. IT IS
THEREFORE SUBJECT TO CHANGE AND MAY
NOT BE REFERRED TO AS AN INTERNATIONAL
STANDARD UNTIL PUBLISHED AS SUCH.
To expedite distribution, this document is circulated as received from the
IN ADDITION TO THEIR EVALUATION AS
committee secretariat. ISO Central Secretariat work of editing and text
BEING ACCEPTABLE FOR INDUSTRIAL,
composition will be undertaken at publication stage.
TECHNOLOGICAL, COMMERCIAL AND
USER PURPOSES, DRAFT INTERNATIONAL
STANDARDS MAY ON OCCASION HAVE TO
BE CONSIDERED IN THE LIGHT OF THEIR
POTENTIAL TO BECOME STANDARDS TO
WHICH REFERENCE MAY BE MADE IN
Reference number
NATIONAL REGULATIONS.
ISO/DIS 16283-2:2013(E)
RECIPIENTS OF THIS DRAFT ARE INVITED
TO SUBMIT, WITH THEIR COMMENTS,
NOTIFICATION OF ANY RELEVANT PATENT
RIGHTS OF WHICH THEY ARE AWARE AND TO
©
PROVIDE SUPPORTING DOCUMENTATION. ISO 2013
---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
ISO/DIS 16283-2:2013(E)
Copyright notice
This ISO document is a Draft International Standard and is copyright-protected by ISO. Except as
permitted under the applicable laws of the user’s country, neither this ISO draft nor any extract
from it may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system or transmitted in any form or by any means,
electronic, photocopying, recording or otherwise, without prior written permission being secured.
Requests for permission to reproduce should be addressed to either ISO at the address below or ISO’s
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Reproduction may be subject to royalty payments or a licensing agreement.
Violators may be prosecuted.
ii © ISO 2013 – All rights reserved
---------------------- Page: 2 ----------------------
ISO/DIS 16283-2
Contents Page
Foreword . iv
Introduction . v
1 Scope . 1
2 Normative references . 1
3 Terms and definitions . 2
4 Instrumentation . 5
5 Frequency range . 6
6 General . 6
7 Default procedure for sound pressure level measurement . 7
8 Low-frequency procedure for sound pressure level measurement for the tapping machine
as impact source . 14
9 Background noise (default and low-frequency procedure) . 16
10 Reverberation time in the receiving room (default and low-frequency procedure) . 17
11 Conversion to octave bands for the tapping machine as impact source . 19
12 Conversion to octave bands for the rubber ball as impact source . 19
13 Expression of results . 19
14 Uncertainty . 20
15 Test report . 20
Annex A (normative) Impact sources . 21
Annex B (normative) Requirements for loudspeakers used for reverberation time measurements . 27
Annex C (informative) Forms for the expression of results . 28
Annex D (informative) Additional guidance . 32
Annex E (informative) Horizontal measurements – Examples of suitable impact source and
microphone positions . 36
Annex F (informative) Vertical measurements – Examples of suitable impact source and
microphone positions . 40
Bibliography . 43
© ISO 2013 – All rights reserved iii
---------------------- Page: 3 ----------------------
ISO/DIS 16283-2
Foreword
ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards bodies
(ISO member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally carried out through ISO
technical committees. Each member body interested in a subject for which a technical committee has been
established has the right to be represented on that committee. International organizations, governmental and
non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work. ISO collaborates closely with the
International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) on all matters of electrotechnical standardization.
International Standards are drafted in accordance with the rules given in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2.
The main task of technical committees is to prepare International Standards. Draft International Standards
adopted by the technical committees are circulated to the member bodies for voting. Publication as an
International Standard requires approval by at least 75 % of the member bodies casting a vote.
Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent
rights. ISO shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights.
ISO 16283-2 was prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 43, Acoustics, Subcommittee SC 2, Building
acoustics.
This edition cancels and replaces ISO 140-7:1998 and ISO 140-14:2004, which have been technically revised.
ISO 16283 consists of the following parts, under the general title Acoustics — Field measurement of sound
insulation in buildings and of building elements:
Part 1: Airborne sound insulation
Part 2: Impact sound insulation
Part 3: Façade sound insulation
iv © ISO 2013 – All rights reserved
---------------------- Page: 4 ----------------------
ISO/DIS 16283-2
Introduction
ISO 16283 (all parts) describes procedures for field measurements of sound insulation in buildings. Airborne,
impact and façade sound insulation are described in ISO 16283-1, ISO 16283-2 and ISO 16283-3,
respectively.
Field sound insulation measurements that were previously described in ISO 140-4, -5, and -7 were
(a) primarily intended for measurements where the sound field could be considered to be diffuse, and (b) not
explicit as to whether operators could be present in the rooms during the measurement. ISO 16283 differs
from ISO 140-4, -5, and -7 in that (a) it applies to rooms in which the sound field may, or may not approximate
to a diffuse field, (b) it clarifies how operators can measure the sound field using a hand-held microphone or
sound level meter and (c) it includes additional guidance that was previously contained in ISO 140-14.
NOTE Survey test methods for field measurements of airborne and impact sound insulation are dealt with in
ISO 10052.
© ISO 2013 – All rights reserved v
---------------------- Page: 5 ----------------------
DRAFT INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO/DIS 16283-2
Acoustics — Field measurement of sound insulation in
buildings and of building elements — Part 2: Impact sound
insulation
1 Scope
This part of ISO 16283 specifies procedures to determine the impact sound insulation using sound pressure
measurements with an impact source operating on a floor or stairs in a building. These procedures are
3 3
intended for room volumes in the range from 10 m to 250 m in the frequency range from 50 Hz to 5 000 Hz.
The test results can be used to quantify, assess and compare the impact sound insulation in unfurnished or
furnished rooms where the sound field may, or may not approximate to a diffuse field.
Two impact sources are described: the tapping machine and the rubber ball. These impact sources do not
exactly replicate all possible types of real impacts on floors or stairs in buildings.
The tapping machine can be used to assess a variety of light, hard impacts such as footsteps from walkers
wearing hard-heeled footwear or dropped objects. A single number quantity can be calculated using the rating
procedures in ISO 717-2. This single number quantity links the measured impact sound insulation using the
tapping machine to subjective assessment of general impacts in dwellings that occur on floors or stairs in a
building. The tapping machine is also well-suited to the prediction of impact sound insulation using ISO 15712-
2. These two aspects facilitate the specification of impact sound insulation in National building requirements
using only measurements with the tapping machine as an impact source.
The rubber ball can be used to assess heavy, soft impacts such as from walkers in bare feet or children
jumping, as well as quantifying absolute values that can be related to human disturbance in terms of a Fast
time-weighted maximum sound pressure level. At present, calculation procedures for a single number quantity
do not currently exist in an ISO Standard.
2 Normative references
The following referenced documents are indispensable for the application of this document. For dated
references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced
document (including any amendments) applies.
ISO 717-2, Acoustics — Rating of sound insulation in buildings and of building elements — Part 2: Impact
sound insulation
ISO 3382-2, Acoustics — Measurement of room acoustic parameters — Part 2: Reverberation time in ordinary
rooms
ISO 10140-3, Acoustics — Laboratory measurement of sound insulation of building elements — Part 3:
Measurement of impact sound insulation
ISO 10140-5, Acoustics — Laboratory measurement of sound insulation of building elements — Part 5:
Requirements for test facilities and equipment
ISO 18233, Acoustics — Application of new measurement methods in building and room acoustics
IEC 60942, Electroacoustics — Sound calibrators
IEC 61183, Electroacoustics — Random-incidence and diffuse-field calibration of sound level meters
© ISO 2013 – All rights reserved 1
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ISO/DIS 16283-2
IEC 61260, Electroacoustics — Octave-band and fractional-octave-band filters
IEC 61672-1, Electroacoustics — Sound level meters — Part 1: Specifications
ISO/DIS 12999-1, Determination and application of uncertainties in building acoustics — Part 1: Sound
1)
insulation
3 Terms and definitions
For the purposes of this document, the following terms and definitions apply
3.1
energy-average impact sound pressure level in a room
L
i
ten times the common logarithm of the ratio of the space and time average of the squared sound pressure to
the square of the reference sound pressure where the impact source is the tapping machine and the space
average is taken over the central zone of the room where nearfield radiation from the room boundaries has
negligible influence
Note 1 to entry: L is expressed in decibels.
i
3.2
corner impact sound pressure level in a room
L
i,Corner
ten times the common logarithm of the ratio of the highest time average squared sound pressure from the set
of corner measurements to the square of the reference sound pressure for the low-frequency range (50, 63,
and 80 Hz one-third octave bands) where the impact source is the tapping machine
Note 1 to entry: L is expressed in decibels.
i,Corner
3.3
low-frequency energy-average impact sound pressure level in a room
L
i,LF
ten times the common logarithm of the ratio of the space and time average of the squared sound pressure to
the square of the reference sound pressure in the low-frequency range (50, 63, and 80 Hz one-third octave
bands) where the impact source is the tapping machine and the space average is a weighted average that is
calculated using the room corners where the sound pressure levels are highest and the central zone of the
room where nearfield radiation from the room boundaries has negligible influence
Note 1 to entry: L is expressed in decibels.
i,LF
Note 2 to entry: L is an estimate of the energy-average sound pressure level for the entire room volume.
i,LF
3.4
energy-average maximum impact sound pressure level in a room
L
i,Fmax
ten times the common logarithm of the ratio of the space average of the squared maximum sound pressure
with Fast time weighting to the square of the reference sound pressure where the impact source is the rubber
ball and the space average is taken over the central zone of the room where nearfield radiation from the room
boundaries has negligible influence
Note 1 to entry: L is expressed in decibels.
i,Fmax
1) under development
2 © ISO 2013 – All rights reserved
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ISO/DIS 16283-2
3.5
reverberation time
T
time required for the sound pressure level in a room to decrease by 60 dB after the sound source has stopped
Note 1 to entry: T is expressed in seconds.
3.6
background noise level
measured sound pressure level in the receiving room from all sources except the impact source
3.7
fixed microphone
microphone that is fixed in space by using a device such as a tripod so that it is stationary
3.8
mechanized continuously-moving microphone
microphone that is mechanically moved with approximately constant angular speed in a circle, or is
mechanically swept along a circular path where the angle of rotation about a fixed axis is between 270° and
360°
3.9
manually-scanned microphone
microphone attached to a hand-held sound level meter or an extension rod that is moved by a human operator
along a prescribed path
3.10
manually-held microphone
microphone attached to a hand-held sound level meter or a rod that is hand-held at a fixed position by a
human operator at a distance at least an arm’s length from the trunk of the operator’s body
3.11
partition
total surface of the floor or stair which is excited by the impact source
Note 1 to entry: For two rooms which are staggered vertically or horizontally, the total surface of the separating
partition is not visible from both sides of the partition; hence it is necessary to define the partition as the total surface.
3.12
common partition
part of the floor or stair that is common to both the room in which the impact source is used and the receiving
room
3.13
standardized impact sound pressure level
'
L
nT
impact sound pressure level, L, reduced by a correction term which is given in decibels, being ten times the
i
common logarithm of the ratio of the measured reverberation time, T, to the reference reverberation time, T
0
which is calculated using Equation (2) when the impact source is the tapping machine
T
'
L L−10lg (1)
niT
T
0
where
T is the reverberation time in the receiving room;
© ISO 2013 – All rights reserved 3
=
---------------------- Page: 8 ----------------------
ISO/DIS 16283-2
T is the reference reverberation time; for dwellings, T = 0,5 s.
0 0
’
Note 1 to entry: L is expressed in decibels.
nT
Note 2 to entry: The impact sound pressure level is referenced to a reverberation time of 0,5 s because in dwellings
with furniture the reverberation time has been found to be reasonably independent of volume and frequency and to be
approximately equal to 0,5 s.
’
Note 3 to entry: L provides a straightforward link to the subjective impression of impact sound insulation.
nT
3.14
normalized impact sound pressure level
’
L
n
impact sound pressure level, L , increased by a correction term which is given in decibels, being ten times the
i
common logarithm of the ratio between the measured equivalent absorption area, A, of the receiving room
and the reference equivalent absorption area, A , which is calculated using Equation (1) when the impact
0
source is the tapping machine
A
'
LL+10lg (2)
ni
A
0
where
A is the absorption area in the receiving room;
2
A is the reference absorption area; for dwellings, A = 10 m .
0 0
’
Note 1 to entry: L is expressed in decibels.
n
3.15
standardized maximum impact sound pressure level
’
L
i,Fmax,V,T
maximum impact sound pressure level, L , increased by a correction term for room volume and reduced by
i,Fmax
a correction term for reverberation time and Fast time weighting which is calculated using Equations (3), (4)
and (5) when the impact source is the rubber ball
−1
−1
−1
−−1 C
( )
−1 (1−C)
V 1− C CC−
'
0
LL= +−10lg 10lg (3)
i,Fmax,VT, i,Fmax −1
−1
−1
−1
−−1 C
V 1− C
(1−C ) ( 0 )
0
0
CC−
00
T
0
C = (4)
0
1.7275
T
C= (5)
1.7275
where
T is the reverberation time in the receiving room;
T is the reference reverberation time; for dwellings, T = 0,5 s;
0 0
V is the receiving room volume, in cubic metres;
3
V is the reference receiving room volume; for dwellings, V = 50 m .
0 0
4 © ISO 2013 – All rights reserved
=
---------------------- Page: 9 ----------------------
ISO/DIS 16283-2
’
Note 1 to entry: L is expressed in decibels.
i,Fmax,V,T
Note 2 to entry: Background information can be found in reference [13].
3.16
equivalent sound absorption area of a room
A
hypothetical area of a totally absorbing surface without diffraction effects which, if it were the only absorbing
element in the room, would give the same reverberation time as the room under consideration and is
calculated using Sabine's formula in Equation (6)
0,16V
A= (6)
T
where
V is the receiving room volume, in cubic metres;
T is the reverberation time in the receiving room.
Note 1 to entry: A is expressed in square metres.
4 Instrumentation
4.1 General
The instruments for measuring sound pressure levels, including microphone(s) as well as cable(s),
windscreen(s), recording devices and other accessories, if used, shall meet the requirements for a class 0 or 1
instrument according to IEC 61672-1 for random incidence application.
Filters shall meet the requirements for a class 0 or 1 instrument according to IEC 61260.
The reverberation time measurement equipment shall comply with the requirements defined in ISO 3382-2.
The impact sources shall meet the requirements given in Annex A.
4.2 Calibration
At the beginning and at the end of every measurement session and at least at the beginning and the end of
each measurement day, the entire sound pressure level measuring system shall be checked at one or more
frequencies by means of a sound calibrator meeting the requirements for a class 0 or 1 instrument according
to IEC 60942. Each time the calibrator is used, the sound pressure level measured with the calibrator should
be noted in the field documentation of the operator. Without any further adjustment, the difference between
the readings of two consecutive checks shall be less or equal to 0,5 dB. If this value is exceeded, the results
of measurements obtained after the previous satisfactory check shall be discarded.
4.3 Verification
Compliance of the sound pressure level measuring instrument, the filters and the sound calibrator with the
relevant requirements shall be verified by the existence of a valid certificate of compliance. If applicable,
random incidence response of the microphone shall be verified by a procedure from IEC 61183. All
compliance testing shall be conducted by a laboratory being accredited or otherwise nationally authorized to
perform the relevant tests and calibrations and ensuring metrological traceability to the appropriate
measurement standards.
NOTE Unless national regulations dictate otherwise, it is recommended that the sound calibrator should be calibrated
at intervals not exceeding 1 year, the compliance of the instrumentation system with the requirements of IEC 61672-1
© ISO 2013 – All rights reserved 5
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ISO/DIS 16283-2
should be verified at intervals not exceeding two years, and the compliance of the filter set with the requirements of IEC
61260 should be verified at intervals not exceeding two years.
5 Frequency range
5.1 Tapping machine as the impact source
All quantities shall be measured using one-third octave band filters having at least the following centre
frequencies, in hertz:
100, 125, 160, 200, 250, 315, 400, 500, 630, 800, 1 000, 1 250, 1 600, 2 000, 2 500, 3 150
If additional information in the low-frequency range is required, use one-third octave band filters with the
following centre frequencies, in hertz:
50, 63, 80
If additional information in the high-frequency range is required, use one-third octave band filters with the
following centre frequencies, in hertz:
4 000, 5 000
NOTE Measurement of additional information in the low- and high-frequency ranges is optional.
5.2 Rubber ball as the impact source
All quantities shall be measured using one-third octave or octave band filters.
One-third octave band filters shall have at least the following centre frequencies, in hertz:
50, 63, 80, 100, 125, 160, 200, 250, 315, 400, 500, 630
6 General
Determination of the impact sound insulation according to this part of ISO 16283 requires that one room is
chosen as the receiving room into which sound is radiated due to an impact source operating on a partition.
The room or space in which the impact source is operated is referred to as the source room.
The measurements that are required include the sound pressure levels in the receiving room with the impact
source operating, the background noise levels in the receiving room when the impact source is switched off
and the reverberation times in the receiving room.
Two impact sources are described: the tapping machine and the rubber ball.
Two measurement procedures are described that shall be used for the sound pressure level, the reverberation
time and the background noise; a default procedure and an additional low-frequency procedure.
For the sound pressure level and the background noise, the default procedure requires measurements to be
taken in the central zone of a room at positions away from the room boundaries. With the tapping machine as
the impact source, the default procedure for all frequencies is to obtain the energy-average sound pressure
level using a fixed microphone or a manually-held microphone moved from one position to another, an array
of fixed microphones, a mechanized continuously-moving microphone or a manually-scanned microphone.
With the rubber ball as the impact source, the default procedure for all frequencies is to obtain the energy-
average sound pressure level using a fixed microphone or a manually-held microphone moved from one
position to another or an array of fixed microphones.
For the sound pressure level and the background noise with the tapping machine as the impact source, the
low-frequency procedure shall be used for the 50 Hz, 63 Hz, and 80 Hz one-third octave bands in the
3
receiving room when its volume is smaller than 25 m (calculated to the nearest cubic metre). This procedure
6 © ISO 2013 – All rights reserved
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ISO/DIS 16283-2
is carried out in addition to the default procedure and requires additional measurements of the sound pressure
level in the corners of the receiving room using either a fixed microphone or a manually-held microphone.
NOTE 1 The low-frequency procedure is necessary in small rooms due to large spatial variations in the sound pressure
level of the modal sound field. In these situations, corner measurements are used to improve the repeatability,
reproducibility and relevance to room occupants.
NOTE 2 The low-frequency procedure is not used with the rubber ball because no link has yet been shown between
any combination of measurements from the corners and central zone of a room for the maximum Fast time weighted
sound pressure level and the maximum Fast time weighted sound pressure level that is spatially averaged over the entire
room volume.
NOTE 3 If necessary to avoid hearing damage, hearing protection should be worn by the operator when measuring the
sound pressure level in the source room and, if necessary, when measuring reverberation times in the receiving room.
When measuring sound pressure levels in the receiving room that will not cause hearing damage it is advisable to remove
any hearing protection so that the operator is aware of short external noise events that could invalidate the measurement
as well as helping the operator to minimise self-generated noise.
For the reverberation time, the low-frequency procedure shall be used for the 50 Hz, 63 Hz, and 80 Hz one-
3
third octave bands in the receiving room when its volume is smaller than 25 m (calculated to the nearest
cubic metre).
If using methods of signal processing for reverberation times described in ISO 18233, the measurements shall
be carried out using fixed microphones and shall not use a mechanized continuously-moving microphone,
manually-held microphone or a manually-scanned microphone.
The sound fields in typical rooms will rarely approximate to a diffuse sound field over the entire frequency
range from 50 Hz to 5000 Hz. The default and low-frequency procedures allow for measurements to be taken
without any knowledge as to whether the sound field can be considered as diffuse or non-diffuse. For this
reason, the sound field should not be modified for the purpose of the test by temporarily introducing additional
furniture or diffusers into the receiving room.
NOTE 4 If measurements with additional diffusion are required, for example due to regulatory requirements or because
the test result is to be compared with a laboratory measurement on a similar test element, then the introduction of three
2
diffusers will usually be sufficient each with an area of at least 1,0 m .
All measurement methods for the default procedure or the low-frequency procedure are equivalent. In case of
dispute, the impact sound insulation determined using measurement methods without an operator inside the
receiving room shall be taken to be the reference result.
NOTE 5 A reference result is defined because the background noise level with manual scanning is prone to variation in
the self-generated noise from the operator. Significant variation does not tend to occur with fixed microphones or a
mechanized continuously-moving microphone.
7 Default procedure for sound pressure level measurement
7.1 General
Sound pressure level measurements are used to determine the average level in the central zone of the
receiving room with the impact source in operation, and the background noise level in the receiving room
when the impact source is not operational.
7.2 Generation of sound field
The impact sound shall be generated using the tapping machine or the rubber ball as the impact source.
Requirements for the impact sources are specified in Annex A.
7.2.1 Impact source positions for the tapping machine as impact source
Not less than four tapping machine positions shall be used for any measurement.
© ISO 2013 – All rights reserved 7
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ISO/DIS 16283-2
The tapping machine shall be placed in
...
NORME ISO
INTERNATIONALE 16283-2
Première édition
2015-11-15
Version corrigée
2017-11
Acoustique — Mesurage in situ de
l'isolation acoustique des bâtiments et
des éléments de construction —
Partie 2:
Isolation des bruits d'impacts
Acoustics — Field measurement of sound insulation in buildings and
of building elements —
Part 2: Impact sound insulation
Numéro de référence
ISO 16283-2:2015(F)
©
ISO 2015
---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
ISO 16283-2:2015(F)
DOCUMENT PROTÉGÉ PAR COPYRIGHT
© ISO 2015, Publié en Suisse
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l’adresse ci-après ou au comité membre de l’ISO dans le pays du demandeur.
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Tel. +41 22 749 01 11
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copyright@iso.org
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ii © ISO 2015 – Tous droits réservés
---------------------- Page: 2 ----------------------
ISO 16283-2:2015(F)
Sommaire Page
Avant-propos .v
Introduction .vi
1 Domaine d’application . 1
2 Références normatives . 1
3 Termes et définitions . 2
4 Instrumentation . 5
4.1 Généralités . 5
4.2 Étalonnage . 5
4.3 Vérification . 5
5 Gamme de fréquences . 6
5.1 Source d’impacts: machine à chocs . 6
5.2 Source d’impacts: balle en caoutchouc . 6
6 Généralités . 6
7 Mode opératoire par défaut pour le mesurage du niveau de pression acoustique .8
7.1 Généralités . 8
7.2 Production du champ acoustique . 8
7.2.1 Généralités . 8
7.2.2 Positions de la source d’impacts lorsque la machine à chocs est la
source d’impacts . 8
7.2.3 Positions de la source d’impacts lorsque la balle en caoutchouc est la
source d’impacts . 8
7.3 Positions de microphone fixe lorsque la machine à chocs ou la balle en caoutchouc
est la source d’impacts . 8
7.3.1 Généralités . 8
7.3.2 Nombre de mesurages . 9
7.3.3 Machine à chocs utilisée en plusieurs positions . 9
7.3.4 Balle en caoutchouc utilisée en plusieurs positions. 9
7.4 Microphone à mouvement continu mécanisé lorsque la machine à chocs est la
source d’impacts .10
7.4.1 Généralités .10
7.4.2 Nombre de mesurages .10
7.4.3 Machine à chocs utilisée en plusieurs positions .10
7.5 Microphone à déplacement manuel lorsque la machine à chocs est la source d’impacts .10
7.5.1 Généralités .10
7.5.2 Nombre de mesurages .11
7.5.3 Machine à chocs utilisée en plusieurs positions .11
7.5.4 Cercle .11
7.5.5 Hélice .11
7.5.6 Type cylindrique .11
7.5.7 Trois demi-cercles .12
7.6 Distances minimales pour les positions de microphone .12
7.7 Durées de moyennage lorsque la machine à chocs est la source d’impacts . .13
7.7.1 Positions de microphone fixe .13
7.7.2 Microphone à mouvement continu mécanisé .13
7.7.3 Microphone à déplacement manuel .13
7.8 Calcul des niveaux moyens de pression acoustique (moyenne énergétique) .13
7.8.1 Positions de microphone fixe lorsque la machine à chocs est la
source d’impacts .13
7.8.2 Microphone à mouvement continu mécanisé et microphone à
déplacement manuel lorsque la machine à chocs est la source d’impacts .14
7.8.3 Positions de microphone fixe lorsque la balle en caoutchouc est la
source d’impacts .14
© ISO 2015 – Tous droits réservés iii
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ISO 16283-2:2015(F)
8 Mode opératoire pour les basses fréquences pour le mesurage du niveau de
pression acoustique lorsque la machine à chocs est la source d’impacts .14
8.1 Généralités .14
8.2 Production du champ acoustique .14
8.2.1 Généralités .14
8.2.2 Positions de la source d’impacts .15
8.3 Positions de microphone .15
8.4 Durée de moyennage .16
8.5 Calcul des niveaux moyens de pression acoustique basse fréquence des bruits
d’impacts (moyenne énergétique) .16
9 Bruit de fond (mode opératoire par défaut et mode opératoire pour les
basses fréquences) .16
9.1 Généralités .16
9.2 Correction du niveau du signal pour le bruit de fond .17
10 Durée de réverbération dans la salle de réception (mode opératoire par défaut et
mode opératoire pour les basses fréquences) .18
10.1 Généralités .18
10.2 Production du champ acoustique .18
10.3 Mode opératoire par défaut .18
10.4 Mode opératoire pour les basses fréquences .19
10.5 Méthode du bruit interrompu .19
10.6 Méthode de la réponse impulsionnelle intégrée .19
11 Conversion en bandes d’octave .19
12 Expression des résultats.20
13 Incertitude .20
14 Rapport d’essai .20
Annexe A (normative) Sources d’impacts .22
Annexe B (normative) Exigences relatives aux haut-parleurs utilisés pour les mesurages
de la durée de réverbération .28
Annexe C (informative) Formulaires d’expression des résultats .29
Annexe D (informative) Autres recommandations .33
Annexe E (informative) Mesurages horizontaux — Exemples de positions appropriées de la
source d’impacts et de microphone .37
Annexe F (informative) Mesurages verticaux —Exemples de positions appropriées de la
source d’impacts et de microphone .41
Bibliographie .44
iv © ISO 2015 – Tous droits réservés
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ISO 16283-2:2015(F)
Avant-propos
L'ISO (Organisation internationale de normalisation) est une fédération mondiale d'organismes
nationaux de normalisation (comités membres de l'ISO). L'élaboration des Normes internationales est
en général confiée aux comités techniques de l'ISO. Chaque comité membre intéressé par une étude
a le droit de faire partie du comité technique créé à cet effet. Les organisations internationales,
gouvernementales et non gouvernementales, en liaison avec l'ISO participent également aux travaux.
L'ISO collabore étroitement avec la Commission électrotechnique internationale (IEC) en ce qui
concerne la normalisation électrotechnique.
Les procédures utilisées pour élaborer le présent document et celles destinées à sa mise à jour sont
décrites dans les Directives ISO/IEC, Partie 1. Il convient, en particulier de prendre note des différents
critères d'approbation requis pour les différents types de documents ISO. Le présent document a été
rédigé conformément aux règles de rédaction données dans les Directives ISO/IEC, Partie 2 (voir www.
iso.org/directives).
L'attention est appelée sur le fait que certains des éléments du présent document peuvent faire l'objet de
droits de propriété intellectuelle ou de droits analogues. L'ISO ne saurait être tenue pour responsable
de ne pas avoir identifié de tels droits de propriété et averti de leur existence. Les détails concernant
les références aux droits de propriété intellectuelle ou autres droits analogues identifiés lors de
l'élaboration du document sont indiqués dans l'Introduction et/ou dans la liste des déclarations de
brevets reçues par l'ISO (voir www.iso.org/brevets).
Les appellations commerciales éventuellement mentionnées dans le présent document sont données
pour information, par souci de commodité, à l’intention des utilisateurs et ne sauraient constituer un
engagement.
Pour une explication de la signification des termes et expressions spécifiques de l'ISO liés à
l'évaluation de la conformité, ou pour toute information au sujet de l'adhésion de l'ISO aux principes
de l'OMC concernant les obstacles techniques au commerce (OTC), voir le lien suivant: Avant-propos —
Informations supplémentaires.
Le comité chargé de l'élaboration du présent document est l'ISO/TC 43, Acoustique, sous-comité SC 2,
Acoustique des bâtiments.
Cette première édition de l'ISO 16283-2 annule et remplace l’ISO 140-7:1998 et l’ISO 140-14:2004, qui
ont fait l’objet d’une révision technique.
L’ISO 16283 comprend les parties suivantes, présentées sous le titre général Acoustique — Mesurage in
situ de l’isolation acoustique des bâtiments et des éléments de construction:
— Partie 1: Isolation des bruits aériens
— Partie 2: Isolation des bruits d’impacts
— Partie 3: Isolation des bruits de façades
La présente version corrigée de l'ISO 16283-2:2015 inclut les corrections suivantes:
— la Formule (14) a été corrigée.
© ISO 2015 – Tous droits réservés v
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ISO 16283-2:2015(F)
Introduction
L’ISO 16283 (toutes les parties) décrit les méthodes de mesurage in situ de l’isolation acoustique des
bâtiments. L’isolation des bruits aériens, celle des bruits d’impacts et celle des bruits de façades sont
décrites respectivement dans l’ISO 16283-1, l’ISO 16283-2 et l’ISO 16283-3.
Les mesurages de l’isolation acoustique in situ qui ont été décrits précédemment dans l’ISO 140-4,
l’ISO 140-5 et l’ISO 140-7 présentent deux limites: a) ils sont avant tout applicables à des pièces au
sein desquelles le champ acoustique peut être considéré comme diffus et b) ils ne précisent pas si les
opérateurs peuvent rester dans les pièces au cours des mesurages. L’ISO 16283 (toutes les parties)
diffère de l’ISO 140-4, de l’ISO 140-5 et de l’ISO 140-7 en ce a) qu’elle s’applique aux pièces dans
lesquelles le champ acoustique peut, ou ne peut pas, être assimilé à un champ diffus, b) qu’elle clarifie
la manière dont les opérateurs peuvent mesurer le champ acoustique à l’aide d’un microphone portatif
ou d’un sonomètre et c) qu’elle inclut des recommandations supplémentaires qui étaient précédemment
contenues dans l’ISO 140-14.
NOTE Les méthodes d’essai de contrôle des mesurages in situ de l’isolation des bruits aériens, des bruits
d’impacts et des bruits de façades sont décrites dans l’ISO 10052.
vi © ISO 2015 – Tous droits réservés
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NORME INTERNATIONALE ISO 16283-2:2015(F)
Acoustique — Mesurage in situ de l'isolation acoustique
des bâtiments et des éléments de construction —
Partie 2:
Isolation des bruits d'impacts
1 Domaine d’application
La présente partie de l’ISO 16283 spécifie les modes opératoires permettant de déterminer l’isolation
des bruits d’impacts à l’aide de mesurages de la pression acoustique avec une source d’impacts agissant
sur un sol ou sur un escalier à l’intérieur d’un bâtiment. Ces modes opératoires s’appliquent aux pièces
3 3
dont le volume est compris entre 10 m et 250 m et dont la fréquence est comprise entre 50 Hz et
5 000 Hz. Les résultats des essais peuvent être utilisés pour quantifier, évaluer et comparer l’isolation
des bruits d’impacts dans des pièces non meublées ou meublées où le champ acoustique peut, ou ne
peut pas, être assimilé à un champ diffus.
Deux sources d’impacts sont décrites: la machine à chocs et la balle en caoutchouc. Ces sources d’impacts
ne reproduisent pas exactement tous les types possibles d’impacts réels sur les sols ou escaliers à
l’intérieur des bâtiments.
La machine à chocs peut être utilisée pour évaluer toute une variété d’impacts légers et durs tels que
des pas de personnes marchant avec des talons durs ou des objets qui tombent. Un indice unique peut
être calculé à l’aide des méthodes d’évaluation spécifiées dans l’ISO 717-2. Cet indice unique relie
l’isolation des bruits d’impacts mesurée au moyen de la machine à chocs à une évaluation subjective
des impacts généraux dans les locaux à usage d’habitation qui se produisent sur les sols ou escaliers à
l’intérieur d’un bâtiment. La machine à chocs est également bien adaptée pour prédire l’isolation des
bruits d’impacts selon l’ISO 15712-2. Ces deux aspects facilitent la spécification de l’isolation des bruits
d’impacts dans les exigences nationales relatives à la construction, en utilisant seulement la machine à
chocs comme source d’impacts pour les mesurages.
La balle en caoutchouc peut être utilisée pour évaluer les impacts lourds et souples, tels que des
personnes marchant pieds nus ou des enfants qui sautent, ainsi que pour quantifier les valeurs absolues
pouvant être liées aux perturbations humaines en termes de niveau de pression acoustique maximal
pondéré en temps rapide. Actuellement, il n’existe aucun mode opératoire de calcul d’un indice unique
dans les normes ISO.
2 Références normatives
Les documents suivants, en totalité ou en partie, sont référencés de manière normative dans le présent
document et sont indispensables pour son application. Pour les références datées, seule l'édition citée
s'applique. Pour les références non datées, la dernière édition du document de référence s'applique (y
compris les éventuels amendements).
ISO 717-2, Acoustique — Évaluation de l'isolement acoustique des immeubles et des éléments de
construction — Partie 2: Protection contre le bruit de choc
ISO 3382-2, Acoustique — Mesurage des paramètres acoustiques des salles — Partie 2: Durée de
réverbération des salles ordinaires
ISO 12999-1, Acoustique — Détermination et application des incertitudes de mesure dans l'acoustique des
bâtiments — Partie 1: Isolation acoustique
© ISO 2015 – Tous droits réservés 1
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ISO 16283-2:2015(F)
ISO 18233, Acoustique — Application de nouvelles méthodes de mesurage dans l'acoustique des bâtiments
et des salles
IEC 60942, Électroacoustique — Calibreurs acoustiques
IEC 61183, Électroacoustique — Étalonnage des sonomètres sous incidence aléatoire et en champ diffus
IEC 61260, Électroacoustique — Filtres de bande d’octave et de bande d’une fraction d’octave
IEC 61672-1, Électroacoustique — Sonomètres — Partie 1: Spécifications
3 Termes et définitions
Pour les besoins du présent document, les termes et définitions suivants s’appliquent.
3.1
niveau moyen de pression acoustique des bruits d’impacts dans une salle (moyenne énergétique)
L
i
dix fois le logarithme décimal du rapport de la moyenne spatio-temporelle des carrés des pressions
acoustiques au carré de la pression acoustique de référence, la source d’impacts étant la machine à
chocs et la moyenne spatiale étant comprise dans la zone centrale de la salle à l’exception des zones où
le champ proche des limites (parois, etc.) a une influence notable
Note 1 à l'article: L est exprimé en décibels.
i
3.2
niveau de pression acoustique des bruits d’impacts dans les coins d’une salle
L
i,Corner
dix fois le logarithme décimal du rapport de la moyenne temporelle maximale des carrés des pressions
acoustiques issus de l’ensemble des mesurages dans les coins au carré de la pression acoustique de
référence pour la gamme des basses fréquences (bandes de tiers d’octave de 50 Hz, de 63 Hz et de
80 Hz), la source d’impacts étant la machine à chocs
Note 1 à l'article: L est exprimé en décibels.
i,Corner
3.3
niveau moyen de pression acoustique basse fréquence des bruits d’impacts dans une salle
(moyenne énergétique)
L
i,LF
dix fois le logarithme décimal du rapport de la moyenne spatio-temporelle des carrés des pressions
acoustiques au carré de la pression acoustique de référence dans la gamme des basses fréquences
(bandes de tiers d’octave de 50 Hz, de 63 Hz et de 80 Hz), la source d’impacts étant la machine à chocs
et la moyenne spatiale étant une moyenne pondérée calculée à l’aide des coins de la pièce où les niveaux
de pression acoustique sont les plus élevés et de la zone centrale de la salle à l’exception des zones où le
champ proche des limites (parois, etc.) a une influence notable
Note 1 à l'article: L est exprimé en décibels.
i,LF
Note 2 à l'article: L est une estimation du niveau moyen de pression acoustique (moyenne énergétique) pour le
i,LF
volume de la pièce entière.
3.4
niveau moyen de pression acoustique maximale des bruits d’impacts dans une salle (moyenne
énergétique)
L
i,Fmax
dix fois le logarithme décimal du rapport de la moyenne spatiale des carrés des pressions acoustiques
maximales avec pondération de temps rapide au carré de la pression acoustique de référence, la source
d’impacts étant la balle en caoutchouc et la moyenne spatiale étant comprise dans la zone centrale de la
salle à l’exception des zones où le champ proche des limites (parois, etc.) a une influence notable
Note 1 à l'article: L est exprimé en décibels.
i,Fmax
2 © ISO 2015 – Tous droits réservés
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ISO 16283-2:2015(F)
3.5
durée de réverbération
T
durée nécessaire pour obtenir une diminution du niveau de pression acoustique dans une pièce de
60 dB après extinction de la source sonore
Note 1 à l'article: T est exprimée en secondes.
3.6
niveau du bruit de fond
niveau de pression acoustique mesuré dans la salle de réception provenant de toutes les sources à
l’exception de la source d’impacts
3.7
microphone fixe
microphone fixé dans l’espace à l’aide d’un dispositif tel qu’un trépied, afin de le stabiliser
3.8
microphone à mouvement continu mécanisé
microphone qui se déplace mécaniquement en cercle à une vitesse angulaire approximativement
constante, ou qui glisse mécaniquement le long d’une trajectoire circulaire où l’angle de rotation autour
d’un axe fixe est compris entre 270° et 360°
3.9
microphone à déplacement manuel
microphone fixé à un sonomètre portatif ou à une perche qui est déplacé par un opérateur humain le
long d’une trajectoire définie
3.10
microphone tenu manuellement
microphone fixé à un sonomètre portatif ou à une perche tenu(e) à la main par un opérateur humain
en une position fixe et à une distance du tronc du corps de l’opérateur supérieure ou égale à une
longueur de bras
3.11
sol
surface totale du sol ou de l’escalier qui est excitée par la source d’impacts
Note 1 à l'article: Dans le cas de deux salles disposées verticalement ou horizontalement en quinconce, la surface
totale du sol de séparation n’est pas visible depuis les deux côtés du sol. Il est donc nécessaire de définir le sol
comme la surface totale.
3.12
sol commun
partie du sol ou de l’escalier qui est commune à la salle dans laquelle la source d’impacts est utilisée et
à la salle de réception
3.13
niveau standardisé de pression acoustique des bruits d’impacts
’
L
nT
niveau de pression acoustique des bruits d’impacts, L , diminué d’un terme de correction exprimé
i
en décibels, égal à dix fois le logarithme décimal du rapport de la valeur de mesure de la durée de
réverbération, T, à la durée de réverbération de référence, T ; il est calculé d’après la Formule (1) lorsque
0
la source d’impacts est la machine à chocs:
T
'
L =−L 10lg (1)
niT
T
0
où
© ISO 2015 – Tous droits réservés 3
---------------------- Page: 9 ----------------------
ISO 16283-2:2015(F)
T est la durée de réverbération dans la salle de réception;
T est la durée de réverbération de référence; pour les locaux à usage d’habitation, T = 0,5 s.
0 0
’
Note 1 à l'article: L est exprimé en décibels.
nT
Note 2 à l'article: Le niveau de pression acoustique des bruits d’impacts est rapporté à une durée de réverbération
de 0,5 s car dans les locaux à usage d’habitation meublés, la durée de réverbération est raisonnablement
indépendante du volume et de la fréquence et elle est approximativement égale à 0,5 s.
’
Note 3 à l'article: L est directement lié à l’impression subjective d’isolation des bruits d’impacts.
nT
3.14
niveau normalisé de pression acoustique des bruits d’impacts
’
L
n
niveau de pression acoustique des bruits d’impacts, L , augmenté d’un terme de correction exprimé en
i
décibels, égal à dix fois le logarithme décimal du rapport entre l’aire d’absorption
...
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