SIST EN 1846-2:2002
(Main)Firefighting and rescue service vehicles - Part 2: Common requirements - Safety and performance
Firefighting and rescue service vehicles - Part 2: Common requirements - Safety and performance
1.1 This part of this European Standard specifies the minimum requirements for safety and performance of firefighting and rescue service vehicles as designated in EN 1846-1:1998.
NOTE 1 Categories and mass classes of these vehicles are given in EN 1846-1:1998.
Firefighting and rescue service vehicles normally use a commercial chassis-cab or vehicle. A special chassis may be used for specialised vehicles to meet particular requirements.
NOTE 2 Both chassis and vehicle are considered to be standard commercially available items when the manufacturer proposes them for sale in all their standard or special versions, on the basis of catalogues distributed via its commercial network, including chassis and vehicles that are manufactured solely for fire service use.
Further requirements for aerial appliances are contained within other European Standards (see prEN 1777:1994 Hydraulic platforms for fire fighting and rescue services - Safety requirements and testing, prEN 14043:2000 Automatic turntable ladders for fire service use - Requirements and test methods and prEN14044:2000 Semi - automatic turntable ladders for fire service use - Requirements and test methods).
NOTE 3 This part of this European Standard should be read in conjunction with any national regulations in force for vehicles using the public roads and with any EC Directives and associated EFTA regulations in force relevant to vehicles and their equipment.
For the purpose of this part of this European Standard, the normal ambient temperature range is - 15 °C to + 35 °C.
NOTE 4 In the case of utilisation outside this temperature range, the particular temperature range should be specified by the customer.
1.2 This part of this European Standard does not apply to:
- personnel carrying vehicles;
- vehicles with a gross laden mass not exceeding 2 t;
- boats;
- aircraft;
- trains;
- ambulances;
- airport vehicles complying with International Civil Aviation Organisation (ICAO) recommendations.
Feuerwehrfahrzeuge - Teil 2: Allgemeine Anforderungen - Sicherheit und Leistung
Dieser Teil dieser Europäischen Norm legt die Mindestanforderungen an Sicherheit und Leistung für die in EN 1846-1 bezeichneten Feuerwehrfahrzeuge fest. ANMERKUNG 1: Kategorien und Gewichtsklassen dieser Fahrzeuge werden in EN 1846-1 angegeben. Für Feuerwehrfahrzeuge werden im Regelfall handelsübliche Fahrgestelle oder Fahrzeuge eingesetzt. Bei Spezialfahrzeugen dürfen spezifische Fahrgestelle verwendet werden, um besonderen Anforderungen zu entsprechen.
Véhicules des services de secours et de lutte contre l'incendie - Partie 2: Prescriptions communes - Sécurité et performances
1.1 La présente partie de la présente Norme européenne spécifie les prescriptions minimales de sécurité et de performances pour les véhicules des services de secours et de lutte contre l'incendie, tels que définis dans l'EN 1846-1:1998.
NOTE 1 Les catégories et les classes de masse de ces véhicules sont définies dans l'EN 1846-1:1998.
Les véhicules des services de secours et de lutte contre l'incendie utilisent normalement des châssis-cabine ou des véhicules de la gamme commerciale. Un châssis spécifique peut etre utilisé pour des véhicules spéciaux afin de remplir certaines prescriptions particulieres.
NOTE 2 Un châssis et un véhicule sont tous deux considérés comme appartenant a la gamme commerciale lorsque le constructeur les propose a la vente dans toutes ses versions de base ou spéciales, a partir de catalogues distribués a travers son réseau commercial, y compris les châssis et les véhicules fabriqués a l'unité pour les services de secours et de lutte contre l'incendie.
D'autres prescriptions pour les matériels aériens sont contenues dans d'autres normes européennes (voir prEN 1777:1994, Plates-formes hydrauliques pour services d'incendie - Prescriptions de sécurité et essais, prEN 14043:2000 « Echelles pivotantes automatiques pour la lutte contre l'incendie - Prescriptions et méthodes d'essais » et prEN 14044:2000, Échelles pivotantes semi-automatiques pour la lutte contre l'incendie - Prescriptions et méthodes d'essais.
NOTE 3 Il convient d'utiliser la présente partie de la présente norme Européenne conjointement avec tout reglement national en vigueur pour les véhicules utilisant les voies publiques, ainsi que toute Directive CE et toute réglementation de l'AELE qui y est associée, concernant les véhicules et leurs équipements.
Pour les besoins de la présente partie de la présente Norme européenne, la plage de température ambiante normale s'étend de - 15 °C a + 35 °C.
Gasilska in reševalna vozila - 2. del: Splošne zahteve - Varnost in obnašanje pri uporabi
General Information
Relations
Standards Content (Sample)
2003-01.Slovenski inštitut za standardizacijo. Razmnoževanje celote ali delov tega standarda ni dovoljeno.Gasilska in reševalna vozila - 2. del: Splošne zahteve - Varnost in obnašanje pri uporabiFeuerwehrfahrzeuge - Teil 2: Allgemeine Anforderungen - Sicherheit und LeistungVéhicules des services de secours et de lutte contre l'incendie - Partie 2: Prescriptions communes - Sécurité et performancesFirefighting and rescue service vehicles - Part 2: Common requirements - Safety and performance43.160Vozila za posebne nameneSpecial purpose vehicles13.220.10Gašenje požaraFire-fightingICS:Ta slovenski standard je istoveten z:EN 1846-2:2001SIST EN 1846-2:2002en01-junij-2002SIST EN 1846-2:2002SLOVENSKI
STANDARD
SIST EN 1846-2:2002
CEN TC 192EN 1846-2:2001CEN TC 192Secretariat:
BSIFirefighting and rescue service vehicles — Part 2: Common requirements -Safety and performanceFeuerwehrfahrzeuge — Teil 2: Allgemeine Anforderungen - Sicherheit und LeistungVéhicules des services de secours et de luttre contre l'incendie — Partie 2 : Prescriptions communes - Sécurité etperformancesICS:
13.220.10Descriptors:
Document type:
European StandardDocument subtype:
Document stage:
PublicationDocument language:
ED:\rgt\192\standards\EN 1846-2\EN 1846-2 (E)pub.doc
STD Version 1.0SIST EN 1846-2:2002
EN 1846-2:20012ContentspageForeword.3Introduction.41Scope.42Normative references.53Terms and definitions, symbols and abbreviated terms.64List of significant hazards.115Requirements.166Verification.337Information for use.40Annex A (informative)
Example of an exhaust coupling.43Annex B (informative)
Removal heights from equipment lockers.44Annex C (informative)
Examples of technical measures for noise reduction.45Annex D (normative)
General conditions for the verification procedures described in clause 6.46Annex E (informative)
Acceptance test on delivery.47Annex F (normative)
Noise test code for the noise emission values declaration (see 7.1.2.3) (Grade 3of accuracy).48Annex G (informative)
List of abbreviations used in this standard.52Annex ZA (informative)
Relationship of this document with EC Directives.53Bibliography.54SIST EN 1846-2:2002
EN 1846-2:20013ForewordThis European Standard has been prepared by Technical Committee CEN/TC 192 "Fire service equipment", thesecretariat of which is held by BSI.This European Standard shall be given the status of a national standard, either by publication of an identical text orby endorsement, at the latest by June 2002, and conflicting national standards shall be withdrawn at the latest byJune 2002.This European Standard has been prepared under a mandate given to CEN by the European Commission and theEuropean Free Trade Association, and supports essential requirements of EU Directive(s).For relationship with EC Directives, see informative Annex ZA, which is an integral part of this standard.EN 1846 "Firefighting and rescue service vehicles" is composed of three parts:
Part 1: Nomenclature and designation;
Part 2: Common requirements - Safety and performance;
Part 3: Permanently installed equipment - Safety and performance.According to the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations, the national standards organizations of the followingcountries are bound to implement this European Standard: Austria, Belgium, Czech Republic, Denmark, Finland,France, Germany, Greece, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Luxembourg, Netherlands, Norway, Portugal, Spain, Sweden,Switzerland and the United KingdomSIST EN 1846-2:2002
EN 1846-2:20014IntroductionThis part of this European Standard has been prepared as a harmonised standard to provide one means ofconformity with the essential safety requirements of the Machinery Directive and associated EFTA Regulations.This part of this European Standard is a type C standard as stated in EN 1070:1998.The machinery concerned and the extent to which hazards are covered are indicated in the scope of this part ofthis European Standard.This part of this European Standard also deals with the performance requirements which are common to allfirefighting and rescue service vehicles as defined in the scope.The noise test code considered in this part of this European Standard (see annex F) will allow experience to begained in the measurement of noise emission in view of future revisions.1 Scope1.1This part of this European Standard specifies the minimum requirements for safety and performance offirefighting and rescue service vehicles as designated in EN 1846-1:1998.NOTE 1Categories and mass classes of these vehicles are given in EN 1846-1:1998.Firefighting and rescue service vehicles normally use a commercial chassis-cab or vehicle. A special chassis maybe used for specialised vehicles to meet particular requirements.NOTE 2Both chassis and vehicle are considered to be standard commercially available items when the manufacturerproposes them for sale in all their standard or special versions, on the basis of catalogues distributed via its commercialnetwork, including chassis and vehicles that are manufactured solely for fire service use.Further requirements for aerial appliances are contained within other European Standards (see prEN 1777:1994Hydraulic platforms for fire fighting and rescue services - Safety requirements and testing, prEN 14043:2000Automatic turntable ladders for fire service use - Requirements and test methods and prEN14044:2000 Semi -automatic turntable ladders for fire service use - Requirements and test methods).NOTE 3This part of this European Standard should be read in conjunction with any national regulations in force for vehiclesusing the public roads and with any EC Directives and associated EFTA regulations in force relevant to vehicles and theirequipment.For the purpose of this part of this European Standard, the normal ambient temperature range is - 15 °C to + 35 °C.NOTE 4In the case of utilisation outside this temperature range, the particular temperature range should be specified by thecustomer.1.2 This part of this European Standard does not apply to:
personnel carrying vehicles;
vehicles with a gross laden mass not exceeding 2 t;
boats;
aircraft;SIST EN 1846-2:2002
EN 1846-2:20015
trains;
ambulances;
airport vehicles complying with International Civil Aviation Organisation (ICAO) recommendations.1.3
This part of this European Standard deals with the technical requirements to minimise the hazards listed inclause 4 which can arise during the commissioning, the operational use and the routine checking of firefighting andrescue service vehicles when carried out in accordance with the specifications given by the manufacturer or hisauthorised representative.It does not cover the hazards generated by:
radiation (low frequency, radio frequency, radiation, micro-waves);
errors in the software;
use in potentially explosive atmospheres;
construction, transportation, maintenance and decommissioning;
wind pressure in and out of use;
static electricity problems;
remote control;
electromagnetic compatibility.This part of this European Standard also deals with performance requirements.1.4
This part of this European Standard is not applicable to machines which are manufactured before its date ofpublication.2 Normative referencesThis European Standard incorporates by dated or undated reference, provisions from other publications. Thesenormative references are cited at the appropriate places in the text and the publications are listed hereafter. Fordated references, subsequent amendments to or revisions of any of these publications apply to this EuropeanStandard only when incorporated in it by amendment or revision. For undated references the latest edition of thepublication referred to applies.EN 292-1:1991, Safety of machinery - Basic concepts, general principles for design - Part 1: Basic terminology,methodology.EN 292-2:1991, Safety of machinery - Basic concepts, general principles for design - Part 2: Technical principlesand specifications.EN 292-2/A1:1995, Safety of machinery - Basic concepts, general principles for design - Part 2: Technicalprinciples and specifications.EN 659:1996, Protective gloves for firefighters.EN 1846-1:1998, Firefighting and rescue service vehicles - Part 1: Nomenclature and designation.EN 24165:1991, Road vehicles - Electrical connections - Double pole connector (ISO 4165:1979).EN 60529:1991, Classification of degrees of protection provided by enclosures (IP code).EN 1070:1998, Safety of machinery – Terminology.SIST EN 1846-2:2002
EN 1846-2:20016prEN 12437-2:1996, Safety of machinery - Permanent means of access to machines and industrial plants - Part 2:Working platforms and gangways.EN ISO 3744:1995, Acoustics - Determination of sound power levels of noise sources using sound pressure-Engineering method in an essentially free field over a reflecting plane (ISO 3744:1994).EN ISO 3746:1995, Acoustics - Determination of sound power levels of noise sources using sound pressure –Survey method using an enveloping measurement surface over a reflecting plane (ISO 3746:1995).EN ISO 4871:1996, Acoustics - Declaration and verification of noise emission values of machinery and equipment(ISO 4871:1996).EN ISO 9614-2:1996, Acoustics - Determination of sound power levels of noise sources using sound intensity -Part 2: Measurement by scanning (ISO 9614-2:1996).EN ISO 11201:1995, Acoustics - Noise emitted by machinery and equipment - Measurement of emission soundpressure levels at a work station and at other specified positions - Engineering method in an essentially free fieldover a reflecting plane (ISO 11201:1995).EN ISO 11202:1995, Acoustics – Noise emitted by machinery and equipment – Measurement of emission soundpressure levels at a work station and at other specified positions – Survey method in situ (ISO 11202:1995).EN ISO 11688-1:1998, Acoustics - Recommended practice for the design of low-noise machinery and equipment -Part 1: Planning (ISO/TR 11688-1:1995).ISO/DIS 10085: 2000, Firefighting vehicles and equipment - Symbols for operator controls and other displays.ISO 5353:1995, Earth moving machinery, and tractors and machinery for agriculture and forestry - Seat IndexPoint.3 Terms and definitions, symbols and abbreviated termsFor the purpose of this part of this European Standard, the definitions given in EN 1070:1998 and EN 1846-1:1998apply together with the following.3.1unladen massThe mass of the vehicle, including the driver (75 kg) and all items needed to operate the vehicle including a fullcapacity of cooling water, fuel and oil and all permanently installed equipment, but excluding the spare wheel andextinguishing agents.SIST EN 1846-2:2002
EN 1846-2:200173.2gross laden mass (GLM)The unladen vehicle mass as defined in 3.1, plus the mass of the remainder of the crew for which the vehicle isdesigned and the mass of the extinguishing agents and other equipment to be carried (the mass is calculated as90 kg for each crew member and his equipment, an additional 15 kg for the driver's equipment).3.3permissible total laden mass (PTLM)The maximum permitted gross laden mass as declared by the chassis manufacturer (see European Directive70/156/EEC).3.4approach angle ()The angle
between the horizontal ground contact plane and the plane tangent to the tyres of the front wheels,such that no rigid part ahead of the first axle of the vehicle is located between these planes (see Figure 1).aFigure 13.5departure angle (ß)The angle ß between the horizontal ground contact plane and the plane tangent to the tyres of the rearmost wheelssuch that no rigid part of the vehicle behind the last axle is between these planes (see Figure 2).bFigure 2 SIST EN 1846-2:2002
EN 1846-2:200183.6angle of slope ()The smallest angle
measured between two planes tangential to the innermost front and rear tyres which intersectat the lowest rigid point or surface of the underside of the vehicle between these tyres (see Figure 3). This angledefines the largest ramp over which the vehicle can pass.Figure 33.7ground clearance (d)The distance d between the horizontal ground contact plane and the lowest fixed point on the vehicle, other thanthe axles, measured when the vehicle is at its gross laden mass (see 3.2 and Figure 4).Multiple axle sets are considered as a single axle.dFigure 4 3.8ground clearance under axle (h)The distance h determined by the highest part of a quadrilateral having its base as the ground contact planebetween the innermost wheels on an axle and its upper plane as the lowest rigid part of the vehicle falling betweenthe wheels and within 0,3 m of both sides of the vehicle centre line (see Figure 5).SIST EN 1846-2:2002
EN 1846-2:20019Figure 53.9cross-axle capability (c)The ability of the vehicle to remain functional and with no unintended interference between the various componentsof the vehicle including cabin and bodywork, when driven onto two blocks of specified height c simultaneouslydisposed diagonally on a horizontal plane.3.10turning circle between walls (D)The diameter D of the smallest imaginary cylinder within which the vehicle can turn at maximum steering lock (seeFigure 6).D/2D/2Figure 6SIST EN 1846-2:2002
EN 1846-2:2001103.11static tilt angle ()The angle
between the horizontal and ground contact planes at which the vehicle, when tilted along itslongitudinal axis, loses stability. Loss of stability being the point at which the final upslope wheel loses contact withthe ground contact plane, at the gross laden mass of the vehicle (see 3.2 and Figure 7).312dFigure 7 3.12cabinThe driver's cab (including the first range of seats) and crew compartment (see Figure 8).12Key1
Driver's cab2
Crew compartment (separate or not)Figure 8 3.13operating positionThe position at which firefighters are located to operate firefighting or rescue equipment permanently installed onthe vehicle.3.14gradient capability (P)The ability of a vehicle at its gross laden mass (GLM) to start and stop on and to ascend or descend a slope.Key1
Loss of contact2
Ground contact plane3
Horizontal planeSIST EN 1846-2:2002
EN 1846-2:2001114 List of significant hazardsThe significant hazards relevant to firefighting and rescue service vehicles which are dealt with in this part of thisEuropean Standard are given in Table 1.Clauses 1 to 11 in hazard reference column of Table 1 have been extracted from EN 414:1992. Clauses 12 to 21 inhazard reference column of Table 1 have been extracted from EN 1050:1996.SIST EN 1846-2:2002
EN 1846-2:200112Table 1 — List of hazardsHazard referenceSituation/areaClause referencein this standard1
Mechanical hazards1.1
CrushingUnintended movement of thevehicle5.1.1.3.1Falling of tipping cabin5.1.2.2.1Reversing of vehicle5.1.1.8Rolling over of vehicle5.1.1.1Forward movement of load/bodywork5.1.2.2.25.1.2.2.31.2
ShearingInjury from horizontally movingload carriers5.1.2.4.21.3
Cutting or severingSharp edges of body and fixedequipment5.1.2.1Unprotected objects in the cabin5.1.2.2.21.4
EntanglementExposed PTO/transmission5.1.1.41.5
Drawing in or trappingMovement of the vehicle withdoors lockers equipment etc.,outside the body perimeter5.1.2.11.6
ImpactMovement of crew at suddenstopping of vehicle5.1.2.2.25.1.2.2.35.1.2.2.4Movement of equipment at suddenstopping of vehicle5.1.15.1.2.2.25.1.2.2.31.11
Loss of stabilityOverturning of vehicle5.1.15.1.1.57.1.2Loss of lateral stability duringbraking5.1.1.2.15.1.1.55.1.1.6Loss of stability due to unadaptedtyres pressure5.1.1.7(continued)SIST EN 1846-2:2002
EN 1846-2:200113Table 1 — List of hazards (continued)Hazard referenceSituation/areaClause referencein this standard1.12
Slip, trip, fallFalling from/through roof andworking platforms5.1.2.3.35.1.2.5Injury from leaving/entering crewcompartment5.1.2.3.1Leaving/entering the cabin5.1.3.3Tripping in area of the operatingpositions5.1.2.15.1.2.55.1.3.32
Electrical hazards2.1
Contact of persons withlive parts (direct contact)Connection of external powersupply to vehicle5.1.3.15.1.4.13
Thermal hazards3.1
Burns and scaldsExposed exhaust systems5.1.1.3.24
Hazards generated by noise4.1
Hearing lossNoise at operating position5.1.54.2 Interference withspeechSpeech and acoustic signals notaudible at operating position5.1.57
Hazards generated by materials and substances processed, used or exhausted by machinery7.1
Fluids, gases, mists,fumes and dustsInhalation of exhaust gases5.1.1.3.2Loss of acids from batteries5.1.3.2Contact with harmful fluids andfumes5.1.2.4.1(continued)SIST EN 1846-2:2002
EN 1846-2:200114Table 1 — List of hazards (continued)Hazard referenceSituation/areaClause referencein this standard8 Hazards generated by neglecting ergonomic principles in machine8.1
Unhealthy postures,excessive effortsBad access to vehicle (crewcompartment, equipment, roof.)5.1.2.35.1.2.4.28.2
Human anatomyAccess and location of operatingposition5.1.2.3.35.1.2.55.1.4.28.4
Area lightingTripping in area of the operatingpositions5.1.3.38.6
Human errorIncorrect operations5.1.4.17.18.7
Inadequate design,location or identification ofmanual controlsLack of information or confusion atthe operating position5.1.410
Hazards caused by failure of energy supply, breaking down of machinery parts and otherfunctional disorders10.1
Failure of energyFalling of cabin during tilting5.1.2.2.1Mechanical or flame damage(category 3 as defined in EN 1846-1)5.1.110.3
Failure of controlsystemUnintentional moving of vehiclewhen PTO is in operation5.1.1.45.1.4.110.4
Errors of fittingIncorrect electric connection HI/LO(voltage - polarity)5.1.3.110.5
Overturn, loss ofstabilityLoss of longitudinal and lateralstability (category 3 as defined inEN 1846-1)5.1.1.15.1.1.2Loss of latitudinal stability of allvehicles (roll over)5.1.1.17.1Loss of lateral control of thevehicle5.1.1.25.1.1.5(continued)SIST EN 1846-2:2002
EN 1846-2:200115Table 1 — List of hazards (continued)Hazard referenceSituation/areaClause referencein this standard11
Missing and/orincorrectly positionedsafety relatedmeasures/meansAbsence of safety measures foroperational use7.1.212
Inadequate lighting ofmoving/working areasTripping in area of the operatingposition. Bad area lighting5.1.3.313
Sudden movement,instability duringhandlingTilting cabin5.1.2.2.1Injuries due to unexpectedmovement of equipment (doors,lockers, canopy, steps,masts, etc).5.1.2.45.1.3.114
Inadequate/non ergonomic design of driving/operating position14.3
Inadequateseat/seatingLoss of control when drivingcategory 3 vehicles as defined inEN 1846-1 on suspended seat5.1.2.2.4Personal injury from suddenmovement during travel5.1.2.2.25.1.2.2.414.4
Inadequatedesign/positioning ofcontrolsDangerous operation ofequipment, risk of error5.1.2.2.15.1.2.55.1.414.5
Starting/movingof self propelled machineryUnexpected or sudden movementof the vehicle or apparatus5.1.1.25.1.1.3.15.1.4.115
Mechanical hazards due to mobility15.1
Hazards to exposedpersons due to uncontrolledmovementUnexpected or sudden movementof the vehicle or apparatus5.1.1.25.1.1.3.15.1.4.1Unexpected tilting of cabin duringmovement (category 3 as definedin EN 1846-1)5.1.2.2.115.3
Hazards due to rollingoverRolling over of vehicle (category 3as defined in EN 1846-1)5.1.2.2.115.7
Hazards due tobatteries, fire emissions etc.Contact with acids of batteries5.1.3.2(continued)SIST EN 1846-2:2002
EN 1846-2:200116Table 1 — List of hazards (concluded)Hazard referenceSituation/areaClause referencein this standard20
Relating to the travelling function20.1
Movement whenstarting the engineUnauthorised movement of thevehicle5.1.1.3.120.2
Movement without adriver at the driving positionUnauthorised movement of thevehicle5.1.1.420.3 Movement without allparts not in a safe positionMovement of the vehicle5.1.4.120.6
Insufficient ability ofmachinery to be sloweddown, stopped andimmobilisedDangerous movement of thevehicle. Loss of control of thevehicle5.1.15.1.1.221
Linked to the work position21.10
Insufficient meansfor evacuation/emergencyexitInadequate emergency exit5.1.2.2.55 RequirementsMethods to verify the requirements in the following subclauses are given in the equivalent subclauses of clause 6.Modifications or additions to the vehicle chassis-cab shall take into account any recommendations made by thechassis manufacturer.5.1 Safety requirements and/or measuresVehicles shall comply with the safety requirements and/or measures of this subclause and in addition with EN 292-1:1991 and EN 292-2:1991 for hazards relevant but not significant which are not dealt with in this part of thisEuropean Standard.5.1.1 GeneralThe permanently installed equipment, the load and the locks of doors, flaps and drawers shall be firmly securedagainst unintended release. The locks and holding devices that are used shall be easy to open.The filler-opening of fuel tank(s) shall be designed to avoid the risk of fuel contacting any hot parts of the vehicle orequipment.For category 3 vehicles (see EN 1846-1:1998) all electrical wiring, fuel lines, brake pipes, hoses shall be protectedfrom mechanical damage by rough ground/terrain. In cases of specific use (e.g. fire in natural environment) thesecomponents shall also be protected against direct contact with flames and incandescent particles.SIST EN 1846-2:2002
EN 1846-2:200117NOTEElectrical cables complying with HD 22-3, EN 50265-2-1:1998 and HD 586-1 are deemed to be fire resistant.5.1.1.1 Static stabilityThe design of the complete vehicle, at GLMgross laden mass (GLM) shall be such that the centre of gravity (CG) ofthe stationary vehicle is within the chassis manufacturers recommended limits.The vehicle shall comply with the tilt angles given in Table 2.Table 2 — Tilt angle valuesMass class(see EN1846-1:1998)L (Light)2 t < GLM
7,5 tM (Medium)7,5 t < GLM
14 tS (Super)GLM > 14 tCategory(see EN1846-1:1998)1(urban)2(rural)3(all terrain)1(urban)2(rural)3(all terrain)1(urban)2(rural)3(all terrain)tilt angle (°) 32 27 27 32 27 25 32 27 25 The tilt angle for all vehicles fitted with a demountable system (but not including the demountable unit)shall be greater than or equal to 35 °NOTEThese values do not apply to aerial appliances.5.1.1.2 Dynamic stability5.1.1.2.1 Stability during brakingDuring braking, the vehicle shall not deviate from its course by more than 20 % of its width to either side .5.1.1.2.2 Gradient capabilityAt gross laden mass, the vehicle shall comply with the gradient capability given in Table 3.Table 3 — Gradient capability valuesMass class(see EN1846-1:1998)L (Light)2 t < GLM
7,5 tM (Medium)7,5 t < GLM
14 tS (Super)GLM > 14 tCategory(see EN1846-1:1998)1(urban)2(rural)3(all terrain)1(urban)2(rural)3(all terrain)1(urban)2(rural)3(all terrain)gradientcapabilityP(°)Notapplicable 17
27 14 17 27 14 17 27SIST EN 1846-2:2002
EN 1846-2:2001185.1.1.3 Engine5.1.1.3.1 GeneralIf it is possible to start the vehicle remote from the driving position, a safety interlock to prevent the vehicle movingshall be fitted.Where there is a Power Take Off (PTO) fitted, there shall be an automatic or manual provision to control the enginespeed as intended by the manufacturer. Manual controls shall be located at the operating position (see 3.13).5.1.1.3.2 ExhaustThe exhaust system shall be designed and installed to protect the operator and crew from exhaust gases or burns.The temperature of readily accessible elements of the exhaust system shall not exceed 63 °C.Exhaust systems fitted to category 3 vehicles (see EN 1846-1:1998) shall be designed to prevent the release ofsparks. Hot parts of the exhaust system on the underside of category 3 vehicles shall be shielded from contact withvegetation.The end of the exhaust pipe(s) shall be designed or located so that detachable exhaust couplings and/or stationaryexhaust systems may be used.NOTEAn example of an exhaust coupling is given in annex A.5.1.1.4 Driven componentsDriven components shall not be exposed to contact by personnel during operational use.For vehicles designed for PTO operation only when stationary, a safety system shall inhibit all unintended travelmovement of the vehicle. This safety system shall be automatically activated for vehicles fitted with an automaticgearbox.For vehicles designed for PTO operation when mobile or stationary, moving the vehicle shall require an additionalaction by the driver or information shall be given at the driving position.5.1.1.5 Axle loadingThe minimum and maximum permitted axle loads shall be in accordance with the values specified by the chassismanufacturer in all recommended load conditions.5.1.1.6 BrakesNOTEEuropean Directive 71/320/EEC, or national regulations if these are more stringent, apply to the braking system.5.1.1.7 TyresIt shall be possible to inflate, deflate and check the tyre pressure of M.3 and S.3 vehicles (see EN 1846-1:1998)when stationary, by the use of equipment that is installed or carried by the vehicle.5.1.1.8 Reversing of vehicleAn audible and/or visual warning shall be given at the rear of vehicles of permissible total laden mass (PTLM)greater than 3,5 t when reverse gear is engaged.For the visual warning, a reversing light is acceptable.The audible warning shall be a minimum of 80 dB (A).NOTEEuropean Directive 77/539/EEC deals with vehicle reversing lights.SIST EN 1846-2:2002
EN 1846-2:2001195.1.2 Body5.1.2.1 GeneralLocker doors, working platforms, drawers and stowage trays which extend more than 25 cm outside the vehiclewhen in the open position shall be marked to indicate possible impact hazard to persons moving around thevehicle.NOTEAnnex 5 of European Directive 92/58/EEC deals with safety signs.All exposed sharp objects supplied with the vehicle and edges on the vehicle body and on any permanentlyinstalled equipment shall be protected.5.1.2.2 Cabin5.1.2.2.1 ConstructionIf the cabin is of the tilting type, it shall be capable of tilting for routine maintenance without the aid of an externalhoisting device and be designed so that it can be secured against unintended lowering. The tilting device shall beof sufficient capability to tilt, lower and support the cabin and the equipment stored therein. It shall be possible toperform daily vehicle checks without having to tilt the cabin.When a tilting cabin is in its fully raised position, a mechanism shall prevent any unintended lowering of the cabin.A notice shall be affixed adjacent to the tilt operating point instructing the operator to ensure that all persons arewell clear of the cabin during raising or lowering operations and the cabin is positively locked or supported when inthe tilted position.Category 3 vehicles (see EN 1846-1:1998) having a tilting cabin shall be fitted with at least two independentsecuring devices to ensure that the cabin does not tilt when the vehicle is moving.Cabins of category 3 vehicles intended for use in conditions likely to result in a significant roll over hazard shall befitted with a protective structure.The windscreen shall be of laminated glass. All other windows shall be of safety glass as a minimum.NOTEEuropean Directive 92/22/EEC deals with windows of vehicles.5.1.2.2.2 Crew protectionIn the event of an accident or during emergency braking, accidental release of equipment shall be prevented eitherby physical separation or by equipment securing devices which can resist a deceleration of 10 g in the direction oftravel.All exposed sharp objects supplied with the vehicle and edges inside the cabin shall be protected.Head restraints shall be provided for all crew positions.NOTEEuropean Directives 76/115/EEC and 77/541/EEC deal with seat belts and mounting.5.1.2.2.3 Cabins designed to take breathing apparatus (BA)During and after donning, the BA set shall remain fixed to its support under a deceleration of 10 g.Release of the BA set shall only be possible by intentional manual action.The BA harness fastening shall be incompatible with the seat belt fastening.A seat back shall be provided for the occasions when BA sets are not carried.SIST EN 1846-2:2002
EN 1846-2:2001205.1.2.2.4 Seating positionHandholds for use during travel shall be located near to each seating position, except for the driver, but
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