Characterization of waste - Guidance on selection and application of screening methods

This European Standard gives guidance on the selection and application of screening methods for waste characterisation. The aim of this document is to set up criteria as to when the different kinds of screening methods may be applied for the analysis of a certain parameter in waste and which steps are required to prove their suitability. This document does not recommend any particular screening method, but confirms the principles of its selection and application.

Charakterisierung von Abfall - Leitfaden für Auswahl und Anwendung von Screening-Verfahren

Diese Europäische Norm liefert einen Leitfaden für die Auswahl und Anwendung von Screening-Verfahren für die Charakterisierung von Abfällen. Die Zielsetzung dieses Dokumentes ist es, Kriterien festzulegen, wann die verschiedenen Screening-Verfahren für die Analyse eines bestimmten Parameters bei Abfällen angewendet werden können und welche Schritte zum Nachweis ihrer Eignung erforderlich sind.
Dieses Dokument schlägt kein besonderes Screening-Verfahren vor, es legt jedoch die Grundsätze ihrer Auswahl und Anwendung fest.

Caractérisation des déchets - Lignes directrices relatives au choix et à l'application des méthodes de dépistage

La présente Norme européenne fournit des recommandations relatives au choix et à l’application des méthodes de dépistage pour la caractérisation des déchets. Le but du présent document est de fixer des critères portant sur les différents types de méthodes de dépistage susceptibles d’être appliquées pour l’analyse d’un paramètre donné relatif à un déchet, et de préciser quelles étapes sont nécessaires pour en démontrer l’adéquation.
Le présent document ne recommande aucune méthode de dépistage en particulier mais il en confirme les principes de choix et de mise en œuvre.

Karakterizacija odpadkov - Navodilo za izbiro in uporabo rešetalnih metod

Ta evropski standard vsebuje navodilo za izbiro in uporabo rešetalnih metod za karakterizacijo odpadkov. Cilj dokumenta je postavitev kriterijev, kdaj naj se različne vrste rešetalnih metod uporabijo za analizo določenih parametrov pri odpadkih in kateri koraki so potrebni za dokazilo njihove ustreznosti. Ta dokument ne priporoča nobene določene rešetalne metode, potrjuje pa načela njene izbire in uporabe.

General Information

Status
Withdrawn
Public Enquiry End Date
19-Oct-2010
Publication Date
18-Jun-2013
Withdrawal Date
10-Oct-2021
Technical Committee
Current Stage
9900 - Withdrawal (Adopted Project)
Start Date
01-Oct-2021
Due Date
24-Oct-2021
Completion Date
11-Oct-2021

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2003-01.Slovenski inštitut za standardizacijo. Razmnoževanje celote ali delov tega standarda ni dovoljeno.Karakterizacija odpadkov - Navodilo za izbiro in uporabo rešetalnih metodCharakterisierung von Abfall - Leitfaden für Auswahl und Anwendung von Screening-VerfahrenCaractérisation des déchets - Lignes directrices relatives au choix et à l'application des méthodes de dépistageCharacterization of waste - Guidance on selection and application of screening methods13.030.01Odpadki na splošnoWastes in generalICS:Ta slovenski standard je istoveten z:EN 16123:2013SIST EN 16123:2013en,fr,de01-julij-2013SIST EN 16123:2013SLOVENSKI
STANDARD



SIST EN 16123:2013



EUROPEAN STANDARD NORME EUROPÉENNE EUROPÄISCHE NORM
EN 16123
February 2013 ICS 13.030.01 English Version
Characterization of waste - Guidance on selection and application of screening methods
Caractérisation des déchets - Lignes directrices relatives au choix et à l'application des méthodes de dépistage
Charakterisierung von Abfall - Anleitung für Auswahl und Anwendung von Screening-Verfahren This European Standard was approved by CEN on 7 December 2012.
CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this European Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references concerning such national standards may be obtained on application to the CEN-CENELEC Management Centre or to any CEN member.
This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by translation under the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the CEN-CENELEC Management Centre has the same status as the official versions.
CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey and United Kingdom.
EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATION
COMITÉ EUROPÉEN DE NORMALISATION EUROPÄISCHES KOMITEE FÜR NORMUNG
Management Centre:
Avenue Marnix 17,
B-1000 Brussels © 2013 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved worldwide for CEN national Members. Ref. No. EN 16123:2013: ESIST EN 16123:2013



EN 16123:2013 (E) 2 Contents Page Foreword .4 1 Scope .6 2 Normative references .6 3 Terms and definitions .6 4 Principles .6 5 Typical areas for application of screening methods .7 5.1 General .7 5.2 Support of sampling/sample preparation processes .7 5.3 On-site verification .7 5.4 Monitoring of processes .7 5.5 Identification of homogeneity/heterogeneity of bulk material .7 5.6 Survey of contaminated sites (hot spot identification).7 5.7 Identification of sources of contamination .7 5.8 Safety issue .7 6 Selecting a screening method .8 6.1 Selection criteria .8 6.1.1 Sampling/sample pretreatment/preparation .8 6.1.2 Parameter definition .8 6.1.3 Field of application .8 6.1.4 Boundary conditions .8 6.2 Fit-for-purpose test .9 6.3 Quality targets .9 7 Applicability conditions for screening methods .9 7.1 General .9 7.2 Field of application .9 7.2.1 Principle of the measurement .9 7.2.2 Instruction for method setup . 10 7.2.3 Sampling and samples . 10 7.2.4 Measurement steps . 10 7.2.5 Statement of results . 10 7.2.6 Disposal instructions . 10 7.2.7 Characteristic data of the method . 10 7.2.8 Literature references . 11 8 Fit-for-purpose testing . 11 8.1 General . 11 8.2 Reproducibility testing . 11 8.3 Exclusion of false negative results . 11 8.4 Testing of individual comparability . 12 9 Analytical acceptance criteria . 12 9.1 General . 12 9.2 Starting criteria . 12 9.3 Continuous criteria . 12 10 Quality assurance . 12 11 Documentation . 13 Annex A (informative)
Decision making process . 14 SIST EN 16123:2013



EN 16123:2013 (E) 3 Annex B (informative)
Example of documentation aid/check list . 15 Annex C (informative)
Statistical tool for individual comparability – Equality of results from reference method and screening method: Mean value t-test for real samples . 18 C.1 General . 18 C.2 Test on outliers . 18 C.3 Homogeneity of variances . 18 C.4 Mean value t-test . 19 Bibliography . 21
SIST EN 16123:2013



EN 16123:2013 (E) 4 Foreword This document (EN 16123:2013) has been prepared by Technical Committee CEN/TC 292 “Characterization of waste”, the secretariat of which is held by NEN. This European Standard shall be given the status of a national standard, either by publication of an identical text or by endorsement, at the latest by August 2013, and conflicting national standards shall be withdrawn at the latest by August 2013. Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent rights. CEN [and/or CENELEC] shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. The standardization of the selection and application of screening methods is obligatory to make such methods available to legislation. In addition to common laboratory methods, which are standardized individually, a framework approach is chosen for screening methods. The application of screening methods within this framework guarantees the reliability of results required by legal regulations. In order to fulfil legal requirements, it is of high importance to document all decision steps of method selection, the applicability testing, the application of the method and the evaluation. This European Standard refers to the use of screening methods on solid materials (waste) as sample matrix; the corresponding standard for water is ISO 17381. According to the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations, the national standards organisations of the following countries are bound to implement this European Standard: Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey and the United Kingdom.
SIST EN 16123:2013



EN 16123:2013 (E) 5 Introduction This document provides guidance on the use of screening methods for waste characterisation. One field of application of screening methods is “on-site verification” as recommended in the Landfill Directive (1999/31/EC) and the Landfill Decision (2003/33/EC).
Screening methods are of increasing interest in processes such as entrance control because, in addition to standardized methods, they allow fast verification of the documented waste characteristics. SIST EN 16123:2013



EN 16123:2013 (E) 6 1 Scope This European Standard gives guidance on the selection and application of screening methods for waste characterisation. The aim of this document is to set up criteria as to when the different kinds of screening methods may be applied for the analysis of a certain parameter in waste and which steps are required to prove their suitability.
This document does not recommend any particular screening method, but confirms the principles of its selection and application. 2 Normative references The following documents, in whole or in part, are normatively referenced in this document and are indispensable for its application. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies. EN 16192,
3 Terms and definitions For the purposes of this document, the following terms and definitions apply. 3.1 reference method method which is performed in accordance with national or international Standards and is not necessarily comparable with screening methods 3.2 on-site verification third level of inspection according to the Landfill Directive and the Landfill Decision to ensure that the waste accepted at a landfill is the same as described in the accompanying documents and that it is in accordance with the basic characterisation and/or compliance testing 3.3 screening application of any analytical semi-quantitative method for exploratory analysis 3.4 screening method method which is used (often on-site) to quickly explore a given area or test a set of samples and obtain data on sample characteristics [SOURCE: ISO 12404, modified] 4 Principles This standard defines the whole process from the selection of the screening method, applicability, fit-for-purpose testing, fulfilment of the acceptance criteria, quality control, and documentation of the measurement results. SIST EN 16123:2013



EN 16123:2013 (E) 7 5 Typical areas for application of screening methods 5.1 General Screening methods constitute a useful addition to standard procedures in the following areas.
5.2 Support of sampling/sample preparation processes
Screening methods may be used for:
 selection of the most suitable analytical method (concentration range, interferences);  pre-selection of samples for analysis in the laboratory;  provision of information about accompanying compounds relevant for sample preparation. 5.3 On-site verification Characteristics of sampled waste are verified, e.g. during transport or at the entrance of waste treatment plants and landfills. 5.4 Monitoring of processes
Screening methods can be used:
 to monitor and control processes (e.g. success of treatment processes);  to perform quality control on a treatment plant.
5.5 Identification of homogeneity/heterogeneity of bulk material Screening methods may be applied to measure “leading” parameters in huge charges of waste to identify whether the material is homogenous or not. 5.6 Survey of contaminated sites (hot spot identification) Screening methods are useful to identify contaminated areas in contamination-suspected sites. 5.7 Identification of sources of contamination Screening methods can be useful to identify the source of a contaminant or content in a material stream. 5.8 Safety issue Screening methods can be used to detect potentially toxic compounds (e.g. gases, radioactivity, explosives) which may be hazardous to the personnel taking and processing samples. SIST EN 16123:2013



EN 16123:2013 (E) 8 6 Selecting a screening method 6.1 Selection criteria The following selection criteria should be taken into consideration when selecting the appropriate method. The different criteria shall be weighted depending on the intended application. The decision-making process and the results have to be documented by the user (see flowchart in Annex A and documentation aid in Annex B).
Prerequisites are:  one known parameter or a set of known parameters;  aim of determination;
 matrix (solid/liquid waste). 6.1.1 Sampling/sample pretreatment/preparation  direct measurement (e.g. handheld XRF-systems);  pretreatment/preparation (e.g. extractions, separation) particularly for solid waste. Most screening methods require the provision of the analyte in an extract/eluate, which therefore requires sample pretreatment. Pretreatment shall be carried out in accordance with EN 16192. If sample preparation is necessary, follow the principles of EN 15002 taking into account CEN/TR 16130. 6.1.2 Parameter definition  individual species (e.g. total Fe, Fe2+, Fe3+);  group parameters (e.g. total organic carbon (TOC), absorbable organically bound halogens (AOX));  in the case of on-site verification, the parameters are typically defined by declaration or based on the experience of the staff. 6.1.3 Field of application  specified decision value (e.g. limit value, target value);  concentr
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