SIST EN ISO 10147:2013

• Abstract:

  ISO 10147:2011 specifies a method for the assessment of the degree of crosslinking in crosslinked polyethylene (PE-X) pipes and fittings by determination of the gel content by solvent extraction.

• Status: Published
• Public Enquiry End Date: 24-May-2012
• Publication Date: 08-Jan-2013
• ICS: 23.040.20 - Plastics pipes
• ICS: 23.040.45 - Plastics fittings
• Technical Committee: PCV - Plastic pipes, fittings and valves
• Current Stage: 6060 - National Implementation/Publication (Adopted Project)
• Start Date: 04-Jan-2013
• Due Date: 11-Mar-2013
• Completion Date: 09-Jan-2013
• Ref Project: EN ISO 10147:2012 - Pipes and fittings made of crosslinked polyethylene (PE-X) - Estimation of the degree of crosslinking by determination of the gel content (ISO 10147:2011)

• Replaces: SIST EN 579:1997 - Plastics piping systems - Crosslinked polyethylene (PE-X) pipes - Determination of degree of crosslinking by solvent extraction
• Effective Date: 01-Feb-2013
• Referred By: SIST EN 62788-1-6:2017 - Measurement procedures for materials used in photovoltaic modules - Part 1-6: Encapsulants - Test methods for determining the degree of cure in Ethylene-Vinyl Acetate
• Effective Date: 09-Feb-2026
• Referred By: SIST EN 13476-2:2025 - Plastics piping systems for non-pressure underground drainage and sewerage - Structured-wall piping systems of unplasticized poly(vinyl chloride) (PVC-U), polypropylene (PP) and polyethylene (PE) - Part 2: Specifications for pipes and fittings with smooth internal and external surface and the system, Type A
• Effective Date: 28-Jan-2026
• Referred By: SIST EN ISO 15875-3:2004 - Plastics piping systems for hot and cold water installations - Crosslinked polyethylene (PE-X) - Part 3: Fittings (ISO 15875-3:2003)
• Effective Date: 28-Jan-2026

SIST EN ISO 10147:2013 is the Slovenian adoption of EN ISO 10147:2012, based on ISO 10147:2011, and published by SIST. It specifies a laboratory method for estimating the degree of crosslinking in pipes and fittings made of crosslinked polyethylene (PE-X) by measuring gel content after solvent extraction. In practice, it gives manufacturers, test laboratories, and quality teams a common way to check PE-X material behavior against the relevant product or system standard.

What does SIST EN ISO 10147:2013 specify?

SIST EN ISO 10147:2013 covers the assessment of crosslinking in PE-X pipes and fittings by determining gel content through solvent extraction. The standard is a test method, so it tells the user how to prepare samples, run the extraction, and calculate the result.

Clause 2 makes clear that the result is expressed as the percentage by mass of insoluble material. It also points users to the relevant product or system standards for the minimum applicable degree of crosslinking, which is important because this document measures the material property but does not set the acceptance limit by itself.

The document is organized into clauses on scope, principle, solvent, apparatus, preparation of test pieces, procedure, calculation and expression of results, and test report. Figure 1 shows the extraction apparatus used for the test.

What are the key requirements of SIST EN ISO 10147:2013?

SIST EN ISO 10147:2013 is built around a mass-loss extraction test. The main practical tasks are to prepare representative samples, extract the soluble fraction in xylene, dry the residue, and calculate the insoluble fraction as the degree of crosslinking.

Clause 2 - Principle

Clause 2 says the test piece is weighed before and after solvent extraction, and the insoluble material is used to estimate the degree of crosslinking. For the reader, this means the method does not inspect structure directly - it measures how much of the material remains after the solvent removes the soluble part.

Clause 3 - Solvent

Clause 3 specifies xylene with added antioxidant for the extraction. It also carries a safety warning about handling the solvent carefully in a ventilated hood and using appropriate protection. In practice, this means the test needs controlled laboratory conditions and safe solvent handling.

Clause 4 - Apparatus

Clause 4 lists the equipment needed: reflux condenser, round-bottomed flask, heating mantle, cage, cutting or machining tool, oven, and balance. The cage must retain the sample and be free from contamination soluble in xylene. This matters because the apparatus has to support reproducible extraction and weighing.

Clause 5 - Test piece preparation

Clause 5 says protective layers are removed before sampling, and unless the referring standard says otherwise, at least two test pieces are prepared. Each test piece is a slice or shaving about 0.2 mm thick and at least 0.2 g in mass, taken from the wall cross-section so the sample represents the pipe or fitting. That is important because crosslinking can vary through the wall.

Clause 6 - Procedure

Clause 6 requires the cage and test piece to be weighed, then immersed so the solvent-to-test-piece mass ratio is at least 200:1. The solvent is boiled vigorously for 8 h, the residue is dried for at least 3 h, and then weighed again. In practice, the long extraction and drying steps are what make the measurement comparable from lab to lab.

Clause 7 - Calculation and reporting of the result

Clause 7 calculates the degree of crosslinking, G, from the mass difference before and after extraction. The mass of any filler present in the material has to be taken into account, and the result is reported to the nearest whole number. If several samples are tested, the average degree of crosslinking, G_a, can also be calculated.

Clause 8 - Test report

Clause 8 requires the report to identify the test piece, state the individual G values and the average if relevant, note any deviations from the procedure or unusual behavior, and record the date. For users, this is the evidence trail for quality control, dispute work, or conformity assessment.

What terms does SIST EN ISO 10147:2013 define?

• Crosslinked polyethylene (PE-X) - polyethylene that has been crosslinked to improve material behavior in pipes and fittings.
• Gel content - the insoluble fraction remaining after solvent extraction, used here as the measurement basis.
• Degree of crosslinking - the extent of crosslinking, expressed as the percentage by mass of insoluble material.
• Test piece - the slice or shaving taken from a pipe or fitting and used for the extraction test.
• Solvent extraction - the process of immersing the test piece in xylene so the soluble fraction is removed.
• Filler - material present in the PE-X that must be taken into account when calculating the result.
• G - the reported degree of crosslinking for an individual test piece.
• G_a - the average degree of crosslinking from a set of test pieces.

Who uses SIST EN ISO 10147:2013?

SIST EN ISO 10147:2013 is used by laboratories that test plastics pipes and fittings, by manufacturers of PE-X products, and by quality or conformity teams that need a repeatable way to estimate crosslinking. It is also relevant when a product or system standard sets the acceptance level and the test result has to be documented in a report.

What changed in SIST EN ISO 10147:2013 from the previous edition?

SIST EN ISO 10147:2013 replaces SIST EN 579:1997. The European adoption EN ISO 10147:2012 supersedes EN 579:1993. The third edition of ISO 10147, published as ISO 10147:2011, cancels and replaces ISO 10147:2004 and incorporates ISO 10147:2004/Amd.1:2008.

What does the SIST EN ISO 10147:2013 document contain?

The document contains the extraction test method itself, the apparatus list, and Figure 1 showing the extraction setup. It also gives the sample preparation instructions, the xylene-based extraction procedure, the drying conditions, and the calculation approach for G and G_a. The final clause sets out the required contents of the test report, so the document can be used directly for routine testing and reporting.

SLOVENSKI STANDARD
01-februar-2013
1DGRPHãþD
SIST EN 579:1997
Cevi in fitingi iz zamreženega polietilena (PE-X) - Ocena stopnje zamreženosti z
ugotavljanjem deleža gela (ISO 10147:2011)
Pipes and fittings made of crosslinked polyethylene (PE-X) - Estimation of the degree of
crosslinking by determination of the gel content (ISO 10147:2011)
Rohre und Formstücke aus vernetztem Polyethylen (PE-X) - Berechnung des Grades
der Vernetzung durch Bestimmung des Gel-Gehaltes (ISO 10147:2011)
Tubes et raccords en polyéthylène réticulé (PE-X) - Estimation du degré de réticulation
par le mesurage du taux de gel (ISO 10147:2011)
Ta slovenski standard je istoveten z: EN ISO 10147:2012
ICS:
23.040.20 Cevi iz polimernih materialov Plastics pipes
23.040.45 Fitingi iz polimernih Plastics fittings
materialov
2003-01.Slovenski inštitut za standardizacijo. Razmnoževanje celote ali delov tega standarda ni dovoljeno.

EUROPEAN STANDARD
EN ISO 10147
NORME EUROPÉENNE
EUROPÄISCHE NORM
December 2012
ICS 23.040.20; 23.040.45 Supersedes EN 579:1993
English Version
Pipes and fittings made of crosslinked polyethylene (PE-X) -
Estimation of the degree of crosslinking by determination of the
gel content (ISO 10147:2011)
Tubes et raccords en polyéthylène réticulé (PE-X) - Rohre und Fittings aus vernetztem Polyethylen (PE-X) -
Estimation du degré de réticulation par le mesurage du Berechnung des Grades der Vernetzung durch
taux de gel (ISO 10147:2011) Bestimmung des Gel-Gehaltes (ISO 10147:2011)
This European Standard was approved by CEN on 10 August 2012.

CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this European
Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references concerning such national
standards may be obtained on application to the CEN-CENELEC Management Centre or to any CEN member.

This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by translation
under the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the CEN-CENELEC Management Centre has the same
status as the official versions.

CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia,
Finland, Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania,
Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey and United
Kingdom.
EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATION
COMITÉ EUROPÉEN DE NORMALISATION

EUROPÄISCHES KOMITEE FÜR NORMUNG

Management Centre: Avenue Marnix 17, B-1000 Brussels
© 2012 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved Ref. No. EN ISO 10147:2012: E
worldwide for CEN national Members.

Contents Page
Foreword .3

Foreword
The text of ISO 10147:2011 has been prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 138 “Plastics pipes, fittings
and valves for the transport of fluids” of the International Organization for Standardization (ISO) and has been
taken over as EN ISO 10147:2012 by Technical Committee CEN/TC 155 “Plastics piping systems and ducting
systems” the secretariat of which is held by NEN.
This European Standard shall be given the status of a national standard, either by publication of an identical
text or by endorsement, at the latest by June 2013, and conflicting national standards shall be withdrawn at
the latest by June 2013.
Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent
rights. CEN [and/or CENELEC] shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights.
This document supersedes EN 579:1993.
According to the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations, the national standards organisations of the following
countries are bound to implement this European Standard: Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech
Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia, France, Germany, Greece,
Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal,
Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey and the United Kingdom.
Endorsement notice
The text of ISO 10147:2011 has been approved by CEN as a EN ISO 10147:2012 without any modification.

INTERNATIONAL ISO
STANDARD 10147
Third edition
2011-09-01
Pipes and fittings made of crosslinked
polyethylene (PE-X) — Estimation of the
degree of crosslinking by determination
of the gel content
Tubes et raccords en polyéthylène réticulé (PE-X) — Estimation du
degré de réticulation par le mesurage du taux de gel
Reference number
ISO 10147:2011(E)
©
ISO 2011
ISO 10147:2011(E)
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ii © ISO 2011 – All rights reserved

ISO 10147:2011(E)
Foreword
ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards bodies
(ISO member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally carried out through ISO
technical committees. Each member body interested in a subject for which a technical committee has been
established has the right to be represented on that committee. International organizations, governmental and
non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work. ISO collaborates closely with the International
Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) on all matters of electrotechnical standardization.
International Standards are drafted in accordance with the rules given in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2.
The main task of technical committees is to prepare International Standards. Draft International Standards
adopted by the technical committees are circulated to the member bodies for voting. Publication as an
International Standard requires approval by at least 75 % of the member bodies casting a vote.
Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent
rights. ISO shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights.
ISO 10147 was prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 138, Plastics pipes, fittings and valves for the
transport of f
...