SIST EN 12859:2008
(Main)Gypsum blocks - Definitions, requirements and test methods
Gypsum blocks - Definitions, requirements and test methods
This European Standard specifies the characteristics and performance of gypsum blocks with smooth faces for which the main intended uses are construction of non-load bearing partitions or independent wall linings and the fire protection of columns, lift shafts, etc. The gypsum blocks are not used to build ceilings.
It covers the following performance characteristics related to the essential requirements:
reaction to fire;
resistance to fire;
direct airborne sound insulation;
release of dangerous substances;
to be measured according to the corresponding European test methods, as well as:
thermal resistance,
to be calculated from the thermal conductivity values given in 4.3.2.
It describes the reference tests for technical specifications.
This European Standard also covers additional technical characteristics that are of importance for the use and acceptance of the product by the construction industry:
convenience class for density;
convenience class for pH;
surface hardness.
It provides for the evaluation of conformity of the product to this European Standard.
This European Standard does not cover gypsum blocks of thickness less than 50 mm or gypsum storey height units.
Gips-Wandbauplatten - Begriffe, Anforderungen und Prüfverfahren
Diese Europäische Norm legt Eigenschaften und Leistungsmerkmale von Gips-Wandbauplatten mit glatten Sichtflächen, die hauptsächlich zur Herstellung nicht tragender Trennwände, freistehender Wand-Vorsatzschalen sowie Brandschutzbekleidungen von Stützen, Schächten usw. eingesetzt werden, fest. Gips-Wandbauplatten werden nicht zur Herstellung von Decken verwendet.
Diese Europäische Norm enthält Aussagen zu den folgenden, auf den wesentlichen Anforderungen beruhenden Leistungsmerkmalen:
Brandverhalten;
Feuerwiderstand;
Luftschalldämmung;
Freisetzung gefährlicher Stoffe,
die durch die entsprechenden europäischen Prüfverfahren nachzuweisen sind, sowie zum
Wärmedurchlasswiderstand,
der aus den in 4.3.2 angegebenen Werten für die Wärmeleitfähigkeit zu berechnen ist.
In dieser Norm werden die Referenzprüfverfahren für technische Festlegungen definiert.
Diese Europäische Norm behandelt darüber hinaus zusätzliche technische Eigenschaften, die für die Akzeptanz und die Anwendung der Platten durch die Bauwirtschaft wichtig sind:
Rohdichteklasse;
pH-Wert-Klasse;
Oberflächenhärte.
Sie regelt die Bewertung der Konformität von Produkten nach dieser Europäischen Norm.
Diese Europäische Norm gilt nicht für Gips-Wandbauplatten mit Dicken unter 50 mm oder für geschosshohe Plattenelemente.
Carreaux de plâtre - Définitions, spécifications et méthodes d'essai
La présente Norme européenne spécifie les caractéristiques et les performances des carreaux de plâtre à
faces lisses destinés principalement à la construction de cloisons de distribution non porteuses ou de
doublages indépendants et à la protection contre l’incendie de poteaux, de cages d’ascenseurs, etc. Les
carreaux de plâtre ne sont pas utilisés pour réaliser des plafonds.
Elle couvre les caractéristiques de performance suivantes en relation avec les exigences essentielles :
⎯ la réaction au feu ;
⎯ la résistance au feu ;
⎯ l'isolation contre les bruits aériens directs ;
⎯ l’émission de substances dangereuses ;
à mesurer selon les méthodes d’essai européennes correspondantes, ainsi que :
⎯ la résistance thermique,
à calculer à l’aide des valeurs de conductivité thermique données en 4.3.2.
Elle définit les essais de référence pour les spécifications techniques.
La présente Norme européenne couvre également les caractéristiques techniques suivantes qui sont
importantes pour l’emploi et la réception du produit par l’industrie du bâtiment :
- classes de convenance pour la densité ;
- classes de convenance pour le pH ;
- dureté superficielle.
Elle prévoit l’évaluation de la conformité du produit à la présente Norme européenne.
La présente Norme européenne ne couvre pas les carreaux de plâtre d’épaisseur inférieure à 50 mm, ni les
éléments en plâtre de hauteur d’étage.
Mavčni bloki - Definicije, zahteve in preskusne metode
General Information
Relations
Standards Content (Sample)
2003-01.Slovenski inštitut za standardizacijo. Razmnoževanje celote ali delov tega standarda ni dovoljeno.Gypsum blocks - Definitions, requirements and test methodsCarreaux de plâtre - Définitions, spécifications et méthodes d'essaiGips-Wandbauplatten - Begriffe, Anforderungen und Prüfverfahren91.100.10Cement. Mavec. Apno. MaltaCement. Gypsum. Lime. Mortar01.040.91Gradbeni materiali in gradnja (Slovarji)Construction materials and building (Vocabularies)ICS:SIST EN 12859:2008en,fr,deTa slovenski standard je istoveten z:EN 12859:200801-junij-2008SIST EN 12859:2008SLOVENSKI
STANDARDSIST EN 12859:2002/A1:2004SIST EN 12859:20021DGRPHãþD
EUROPEAN STANDARDNORME EUROPÉENNEEUROPÄISCHE NORMEN 12859April 2008ICS 91.100.10Supersedes EN 12859:2001
English VersionGypsum blocks - Definitions, requirements and test methodsCarreaux de plâtre - Définitions, spécifications et méthodesd'essaiGips-Wandbauplatten - Begriffe, Anforderungen undPrüfverfahrenThis European Standard was approved by CEN on 21 February 2008.CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this EuropeanStandard the status of a national standard without any alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references concerning such nationalstandards may be obtained on application to the CEN Management Centre or to any CEN member.This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by translationunder the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the CEN Management Centre has the same status as theofficial versions.CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland,France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal,Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and United Kingdom.EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATIONCOMITÉ EUROPÉEN DE NORMALISATIONEUROPÄISCHES KOMITEE FÜR NORMUNGManagement Centre: rue de Stassart, 36
B-1050 Brussels© 2008 CENAll rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reservedworldwide for CEN national Members.Ref. No. EN 12859:2008: E
EN 12859:2008 (E) 2 Contents Page Foreword.3 Introduction.4 1 Scope.5 2 Normative references.5 3 Terms, definitions and symbols.6 4 Requirements.7 5 Test methods.12 6 Evaluation of conformity.21 7 Designation of gypsum blocks.22 8 Marking, labelling and packaging.23 Annex A (normative)
Sampling for independent acceptance testing carried out by the purchaser.24 Annex ZA (informative)
Clauses of this European Standard addressing the provisions of the EU Construction Products Directive.26 Bibliography.32
EN 12859:2008 (E) 3 Foreword This document (EN 12859:2008) has been prepared by Technical Committee CEN/TC 241 “Gypsum and gypsum based products”, the secretariat of which is held by AFNOR. This European Standard shall be given the status of a national standard, either by publication of an identical text or by endorsement, at the latest by October 2008, and conflicting national standards shall be withdrawn at the latest by October 2008. Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent rights. CEN [and/or CENELEC] shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. This document supersedes EN 12859:2001. This document has been prepared under a mandate given to CEN by the European Commission and the European Free Trade Association, and supports essential requirements of EU Directive 89/106/EC. For relationship with EU Directive(s), see informative Annex ZA, which is an integral part of this document. This European Standard includes: normative annex concerning sampling for independent test; informative annex recommending requirements and test method for measuring surface hardness; informative annex for a visual identification by coloration of gypsum blocks. According to the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations, the national standards organizations of the following countries are bound to implement this European Standard: Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and the United Kingdom.
EN 12859:2008 (E) 4 Introduction Diagram 1 shows the relationship between this standard and the package of standards prepared to support the family of gypsum products.
Key
Diagram 1 — Family of gypsum binders and gypsum products
EN 12859:2008 (E) 5 1 Scope This European Standard specifies the characteristics and performance of gypsum blocks with smooth faces for which the main intended uses are construction of non-load bearing partitions or independent wall linings and the fire protection of columns, lift shafts, etc. The gypsum blocks are not used to build ceilings. It covers the following performance characteristics related to the essential requirements: reaction to fire; resistance to fire; direct airborne sound insulation; release of dangerous substances; to be measured according to the corresponding European test methods, as well as: thermal resistance, to be calculated from the thermal conductivity values given in 4.3.2. It describes the reference tests for technical specifications. This European Standard also covers additional technical characteristics that are of importance for the use and acceptance of the product by the construction industry: convenience class for density; convenience class for pH; surface hardness. It provides for the evaluation of conformity of the product to this European Standard. This European Standard does not cover gypsum blocks of thickness less than 50 mm or gypsum storey height units. 2 Normative references The following referenced documents are indispensable for the application of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies. EN 13501-1, Fire classification of construction products and building elements – Part 1: Classification using data from reaction to fire tests EN 13501-2, Fire classification of construction products and building elements – Part 2: Classification using data from fire resistance tests, excluding ventilation services EN ISO 140-3, Acoustics – Measurement of sound insulation in buildings and of building elements – Part 3: Laboratory measurements of airborne sound insulation of building elements (ISO 140-3:1995) EN ISO 717-1, Acoustics - Rating of sound
insulation in buildings and of building
elements - Part 1: Airborne sound
insulation
EN 12859:2008 (E) 6 EN ISO 6946, Building components and building elements – Thermal resistance and thermal transmittance – Calculation method (ISO 6946:2007) EN ISO 10456, Building materials and products – Hygrothermal properties – Tabulated design values and procedures for determining declared and design thermal values (ISO 10456:2007) 3 Terms, definitions and symbols 3.1 Terms and definitions For the purposes of this document, the following terms and definitions apply. 3.1.1 gypsum block factory made building element produced from calcium sulphate and water that may incorporate fibres, fillers, aggregates and other additives as long as they are not classified as dangerous substances in accordance with European regulations
NOTE 1 The gypsum block is a rectangular parallel piped, with tongues and grooves on at least two of their opposite edges. NOTE 2 It may be coloured by pigmentation 3.1.2 solid gypsum block gypsum block manufactured without cavities 3.1.3 cavity gypsum block gypsum block which incorporates preformed cavities 3.1.4 preformed cavity formed cavity parallel to the faces which may or may not pass completely through the block. It may run parallel with the height or the length (see Figure 1) 3.1.5 face plain and smooth surface intended to provide the finish of a partition (see Figure 1) 3.1.6 edge extreme side of the gypsum block having tongues and grooves (see Figure 1) 3.1.7 thickness distance between the two faces of a gypsum block (see Figure 1)
EN 12859:2008 (E) 7
Key 1 Preformed cavities 2 Face 3 Thickness 4 Height 5 Length Figure 1 — Gypsum block 3.2 Symbols For the purposes of this European Standard, the following symbols apply. ρ gross dry density, in kilograms per cubic metre (kg/m3); λ thermal conductivity, in Watts per metre per Kelvin (W/m·K); λ 23-50 thermal conductivity of the hardened plaster when in equilibrium at 23 °C and 50 % relative humidity, in Watts per metre per Kelvin (W/m·K); M mass of the gypsum block in kilograms (kg). 4 Requirements 4.1 Fire behaviour 4.1.1 Reaction to fire Gypsum blocks are classified in Euroclass A.1 (no contribution to fire) without testing when they contain less than 1 % by weight or volume (whichever is the more onerous) of organic material. If they contain 1 % or more, by weight or volume of organic material, they shall be determined and classified in accordance with EN 13501-1.
EN 12859:2008 (E) 8 4.1.2 Fire resistance Resistance to fire is a property of an assembled system and not of the product itself. When relevant, the fire resistance of a system including gypsum blocks assembled with adhesive for gypsum blocks shall be determined and classified in accordance with EN 13501-2. 4.2 Direct airborne sound insulation Direct airborne sound insulation is a property of an assembled system and not of the product itself. When relevant, the direct airborne sound insulation of a system including gypsum block assembled with adhesive for gypsum blocks shall be determined in accordance with EN ISO 140-3 and EN 717-1. 4.3 Thermal properties 4.3.1 Thermal resistance When the intended use of gypsum blocks is to contribute to thermal resistance in building construction works, the thermal resistance is calculated using the formula given in EN ISO 6946. The values of thermal conductivity necessary for this calculation are given in 4.3.2 and thickness values to be used shall be measured according to 5.3.1. 4.3.2 Thermal conductivity Design values of the thermal conductivity of hardened gypsum plaster used in the manufacture of gypsum blocks are given in Table 1. Table 1 — Design values of thermal conductivity of gypsum plaster ρρρρ λλλλ 23-50 kg/m3 W/(m.K) 600 0,18 700 0,22 800 0,26 900 0,30 1 000 0,34 1 100 0,39 1 200 0,43 1 300 0,47 1 400 0,51 1 500 0,56 The values given in Table 1 are taken from EN 12524. Design values concern dry material used inside. When the material is wet, adjust these values using EN ISO 10456.
EN 12859:2008 (E) 9 4.4 Types of gypsum blocks 4.4.1 Visual identification by coloration of gypsum blocks The visual identification by coloration between the different types of gypsum blocks is based on the following two criteria: water absorption; density. Table 2 – Water absorption class Colour Water absorption Label Natural Without requirement H3 a Blue ≤ 5% H2 Green ≤ 2,5% H1 a The visual identification by colour of the density class is only applied on
class H 3 (water absorption class).
Table 3 – Density class Colour Density class Pink a High density Natural Medium density Yellow a Low density a The visual identification by colour of the density class is only applied on class H 3 (water absorption class).
4.4.2 Gypsum blocks are manufactured in three types of density (see 4.8). Some blocks can be hydrophobic (see 4.13). 4.5 Release of dangerous substances NOTE For CE marking purposes, see Annex ZA.1 NOTE 1 and NOTE 2. 4.6 Dimensions and tolerances 4.6.1 Dimensions Gypsum block dimensions are determined by the thickness, the length and the height. The thickness shall be at least 50 mm and shall not exceed 150 mm. The length shall not exceed 1 000 mm. The height shall be determined in conjunction with the length so that the surface area of a block is at least 0,20 m2. NOTE Preferred dimensions are for thickness : 50 mm, 60 mm, 70 mm, 80 mm, 100 mm, for length : 666 mm and for height : 500 mm.
EN 12859:2008 (E) 10 In cavity gypsum blocks, the wall gypsum plaster shall be at least 15 mm thick throughout the block. The total cavity volume shall not exceed 40 %. 4.6.2 Tolerances The dimensions of individual blocks, when measured in accordance with 5.3, shall have tolerances as follows: thickness: ± 0,5 mm; length: ± 5 mm; height: ± 2 mm. 4.7 Flatness of gypsum blocks The flatness of individual blocks when measured in accordance with 5.4, shall have a deviation not greater than 1 mm. 4.8 Dry density and tolerance: classes of density The gross dry density of the hardened gypsum of the solid part of the block, which is the mean gross density of the specified number of samples in accordance with 5.1 and measured in accordance with 5.6, shall be as follows: High density 1 100 ≤ ρ ≤ 1 500 kg/m3 Medium density 800 ≤ ρ < 1 100 kg/m3 Low density 600 ≤ ρ < 800 kg/m3 Tolerance The average gross dry density within each class shall not deviate by more than 5 % from the average value measured in accordance with 5.6. 4.9 Surface mass of gypsum blocks and tolerance The producer declares the surface mass (mass per square metre) of his gypsum blocks. When the mass of gypsum blocks is determined in accordance with 5.5 and their surface calculated in accordance with 5.3.2 and 5.3.3, the average surface mass of gypsum blocks shall not deviate by more than 5 % from the declared surface mass. 4.10 Bending strength Gypsum blocks shall have a bending strength appropriate to their use, and for this, when tested in accordance with 5.7, they shall withstand the load given in Table 2.
EN 12859:2008 (E) 11
Table 4 — Breaking load of gypsum blocks Minimum average breaking load Gypsum blocks equal or longer than 650 mm with a height of 500 mm a kN Solid blocks (medium density)
Thickness in mm :
50 1,7 60 1,9 70 2,3 80 2,7 100 4,0 Cavity and low density blocks 1,7 a For gypsum blocks shorter than 650 mm and/or with a height different to 500 mm, the values in the second column shall be amended in the ratio of the spans and/or heights (see 5.7.4). No individual value shall be more than 10 % below the average load. The specimens shall be sampled in accordance with 5.1 and tested in accordance with 5.7. 4.11 Moisture content The average moisture content of gypsum blocks shall be measured at the time of the departure from the plant. The average moisture content shall not exceed 6 %, with no individual value exceeding 8 %. The specimens shall be sampled in accordance with 5.1 and tested in accordance with 5.9. 4.12 pH The surface pH of each gypsum block shall not deviate from the following prescribed values: block with standard pH: 6,5 ≤ pH ≤ 10,5 block with low pH: 4,5 ≤ pH < 6,5 The specimens shall be sampled in accordance with 5.10.3 and tested in accordance with 5.10. 4.13 Water absorption capacity
4.13.1 Classification Gypsum blocks are rated according to their water absorption as: Class H3: water absorption > 5 % Class H2: water absorption ≤ 5 % Class H1: water absorption ≤ 2,5 %.
EN 12859:2008 (E) 12 4.13.2 Requirement No block from Class H2 shall absorb more than 5 % water relative to its dry weight when tested in accordance with 5.8. No block from Class H1 shall absorb more than 2,5 % water relative to its dry weight when tested in accordance with 5.8. The specimens shall be sampled in accordance with 5.1. 4.14 Surface hardness NOTE Where surface hardness of gypsum blocks is required, the following three hardness classes are valid:
H 1:
Blocks of low density shall have a minimum hardness of 40 Shore C units H 2:
Blocks of medium density shall have a minimum hardness of 55 Shore C units. H 3:
Blocks of high density shall have a minimum hardness of 80 Shore C units. 5 Test methods 5.1 Sampling A minimum of three gypsum blocks shall be subjected to the physical, chemical and mechanical tests (see 5.3, 5.4, 5.5, 5.6, 5.7, 5.9, 5.10). In the case of hydrophobic gypsum blocks, three further blocks shall be subjected to the water absorption test (see 5.8). 5.2 Preparation of test pieces Weigh all the blocks and then dry them to constant mass1) for determination of the residual moisture content prior to undergoing the different tests according to this standard. The drying to constant mass shall be carried out according to one of the following methods: method A - Storage in a ventilated room at (23 ± 2) °C and (50 ± 5) % relative humidity; method B - Storage in a drying cabinet at (40 ± 2) °C prior to cooling to room temperature. 5.3 Measurement of dimensions 5.3.1 Thickness 5.3.1.1 Principle The distance between the two faces is measured. 5.3.1.2 Apparatus A vernier caliper permitting a reading to 0,1 mm.
1) Constant mass is defined as two successive weighing 24 h apart, differing by less than 0,1%.
EN 12859:2008 (E) 13 5.3.1.3 Procedure The thickness shall be measured on each gypsum block in the centre of each side and approximately 50 mm from the ends (see Figure 2 a)). 5.3.1.4 Expression of results The thickness is the average value of the three measurements. 5.3.2 Length 5.3.2.1 Principle The longer perimeter dimension of the face is measured. 5.3.2.2 Apparatus A metal rule or a metal tape graduated in millimetres and permitting a reading to 1 mm. 5.3.2.3 Procedure The length shall be measured on each gypsum block parallel to the edges, on the ends and in the centre of the block, disregarding the tongues, grooves and slits (see Figure 2 b)).
EN 12859:2008 (E) 14 Dimensions in millimetres
Figure 2 — Measurement of dimensions 5.3.2.4 Expression of results The length is the average value of the measurements.
EN 12859:2008 (E) 15 5.3.3 Height 5.3.3.1 Principle The shorter dimension of the face is measured. 5.3.3.2 Apparatus A metal rule or a metal tape graduated in millimetres and permitting a reading to 1 mm. 5.3.3.3 Procedure The height shall be measured on each gypsum block parallel to the edges, on the ends and in the centre of the block, disregarding the tongues, grooves and slits (see Figure 2 c)). 5.3.3.4 Expression of results The height is the average values of the measurements. 5.3.4 Cavity gypsum blocks For this kind of gypsum blocks, the procedures defined in 5.3.1 to 5.3.3.4 shall be applied and, in addition, measurement of the distances between cavities and between the cavity and the face shall be measured at their narrowest point (see Figure 3). Dimensions in millimetres
a) measurement of distance between cavities b) measurement of distance between cavity and face Figure 3 — Measurement of the distance between cavities and between the cavity and the face
EN 12859:2008 (E) 16 5.4 Flatness of gypsum blocks 5.4.1 Principle The gypsum block is placed on a flat surface and the maximum distance between the faces of the block and the flat surface is measured. 5.4.2 Apparatus a) Flat and smooth surface. b) Metal rule. c) Feeler gauges. 5.4.3 Procedure Place the gypsum block on the flat and smooth surface. Apply the rule parallel to the flat surface on the diagonals of the block and introduce the gauges in the gap between the rule and the block surface. Turn over the gypsum block and repeat the measure on the other face. 5.4.4 Expression of results The deviation from flatness is the average of the measured values expressed in millimetres. 5.5 Mass of gypsum blocks 5.5.1 Principle The gypsum blocks are weighed prior to conditioning (mass M1) and after conditioning (mass M2). 5.5.2 Apparatus A balance with an accuracy of 0,1 % with regard to the mass to weigh. 5.5.3 Procedure Weigh the gypsum blocks, note the mass (M1) and then submit them to conditioning according to 5.2. Weigh again and note the mass (M2). 5.5.4
Expression of results The average mass of the gypsum blocks is the arithmetic average of the measured masses M2.
EN 12859:2008 (E) 17 5.6 Density of gypsum blocks 5.6.1 Principle The dimensions of a gypsum block or a weighed test piece, are measured and used to calculate its volume. 5.6.2 Apparatus a) Balance with an accuracy of 0,1 % with regard to the mass to weigh. b) Oven permitting the control of the temperature to 40 °C ± 2 °C. c) Sealed container. 5.6.3 Procedure 5.6.3.1 If gypsum blocks were conditioned according to method A of 5.2, measure the density on test pieces cut from the block fragments resulting from the bending test. Each test piece shall correspond to a different gypsu
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