SIST EN ISO 3381:2005

Railway applications - Acoustics - Measurement of noise inside railbound vehicles (ISO 3381:2005)

This European Standard specifies the conditions for obtaining reproducible and comparable measurement results of levels and spectra of noise inside all kinds of vehicles on rails or other types of fixed track, hereinafter conventionally called "train", except for track maintenance vehicles in operation.
This standard is applicable for:
3   type testing;
3   periodic monitoring testing.
The results may be used, for example:
3   to characterise the noise inside these vehicles;
3   to compare the internal noise of various vehicles on a particular track section.
The test procedures specified in this European Standard are of engineering grade (grade 2, with a precision of ± 2 dB), that is the preferred one for noise declaration purposes, as defined in EN ISO 12001.
The standard describes tests during different operating conditions, i.e. driving, accelerating, decelerating and standstill. The chosen operating conditions are decided by the relevant authority or the train owner/operator. It is not mandatory to perform tests at all conditions.
Infrasound and messages intelligibility are not treated in this standard.
The procedures specified for accelerating and decelerating tests are of survey grade.

Bahnanwendungen - Akustik - Geräuschmessungen in spurgebundenen Fahrzeugen (ISO 3381:2005)

Applications ferroviaires - Acoustique - Mesurage du bruit a l'intérieur des véhicules circulant sur rails (ISO 3381:2005)

L'ISO 3381:2005 spécifie les conditions requises pour obtenir des résultats de mesure reproductibles et comparables des niveaux et des spectres du bruit émis à l'intérieur de tous les types de véhicules circulant sur rails ou tous autres véhicules à déplacement guidé, ci-après désignés conventionnellement «train», exceptés les véhicules de maintenance de la voie en fonctionnement.
Elle est applicable pour les essais de type et les essais de contrôle périodique («monitoring»).
Les résultats peuvent être utilisés, par exemple, pour caractériser le bruit émis à l'intérieur de ces trains et pour comparer l'émission de bruit intérieur de différents véhicules sur une section de voie particulière.
Les procédures d'essai décrites dans l'ISO 3381:2005 sont de la classe expertise (classe 2, avec une précision de plus ou moins 2 dB), méthode à préférer pour la déclaration du bruit, telle que définie dans l'ISO 12001.

Železniške naprave – Akustika – Merjenje hrupa v tirnih vozilih (ISO 3381:2005)

General Information

• Status: Withdrawn
• Publication Date: 31-Oct-2005
• Withdrawal Date: 28-Mar-2011
• ICS: 17.140.30 - Noise emitted by means of transport
• ICS: 45.060.01 - Railway rolling stock in general
• Technical Committee: IŽNP - Reilway applications
• Current Stage: 9900 - Withdrawal (Adopted Project)
• Start Date: 29-Mar-2011
• Due Date: 21-Apr-2011
• Completion Date: 29-Mar-2011
• Directive: 2001/16/EC - Directive 2001/16/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council of 19 March 2001 on the interoperability of the trans-European conventional rail system
• Directive: 93/38/EEC - Procurement procedures of entities operating in the water, energy, transport and telecommunications sectors
• Directive: 96/48/EC - Interoperability of the trans-European high-speed rail system
• Mandate: M/024 - Mandate to CEN/CENELEC/ETSI for programming and standardization in the field of railway equipment
• Mandate: M/275 - Mandate to CEN/CENELEC/ETSI for standardization in the field of railway equipment on the interoperability of the Trans-European high-speed rail system
• Ref Project: EN ISO 3381:2005 - Railway applications - Acoustics - Measurement of noise inside railbound vehicles (ISO 3381:2005)

Relations

• Replaced By: SIST EN ISO 3381:2011 - Railway applications - Acoustics - Measurement of noise inside railbound vehicles (ISO 3381:2005)
• Effective Date: 01-May-2011
• Replaced By: SIST EN ISO 3381:2011 - Railway applications - Acoustics - Measurement of noise inside railbound vehicles (ISO 3381:2005)
• Effective Date: 08-Jun-2022

Standards Content (Sample)

SLOVENSKI STANDARD
SIST EN ISO 3381:2005
01-november-2005
Železniške naprave – Akustika – Merjenje hrupa v tirnih vozilih (ISO 3381:2005)
Railway applications - Acoustics - Measurement of noise inside railbound vehicles (ISO
3381:2005)
Bahnanwendungen - Akustik - Geräuschmessungen in spurgebundenen Fahrzeugen
(ISO 3381:2005)
Applications ferroviaires - Acoustique - Mesurage du bruit a l'intérieur des véhicules
circulant sur rails (ISO 3381:2005)
Ta slovenski standard je istoveten z: EN ISO 3381:2005
ICS:
17.140.30
45.060.01
SIST EN ISO 3381:2005 en
2003-01.Slovenski inštitut za standardizacijo. Razmnoževanje celote ali delov tega standarda ni dovoljeno.

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EUROPEAN STANDARD
EN ISO 3381
NORME EUROPÉENNE
EUROPÄISCHE NORM
August 2005
ICS 17.140.30; 45.060.01

English Version
Railway applications - Acoustics - Measurement of noise inside
railbound vehicles (ISO 3381:2005)
Applications ferroviaires - Acoustique - Mesurage du bruit à Bahnanwendungen - Akustik - Geräuschmessungen in
l'intérieur des véhicules circulant sur rails (ISO 3381:2005) spurgebundenen Fahrzeugen (ISO 3381:2005)
This European Standard was approved by CEN on 19 May 2005.
CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this European
Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references concerning such national
standards may be obtained on application to the Central Secretariat or to any CEN member.
This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by translation
under the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the Central Secretariat has the same status as the official
versions.
CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France,
Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Slovakia,
Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and United Kingdom.
EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATION
COMITÉ EUROPÉEN DE NORMALISATION
EUROPÄISCHES KOMITEE FÜR NORMUNG
Management Centre: rue de Stassart, 36  B-1050 Brussels
© 2005 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved Ref. No. EN ISO 3381:2005: E
worldwide for CEN national Members.

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EN ISO 3381:2005 (E)
Contents
page
Foreword .3
1 Scope .4
2 Normative references .4
3 Terms and definitions.4
4 Measurement quantities .7
5 Instrumentation.8
6 Test conditions .8
7 Test procedure .12
8 Test report .14
Annex A (normative)  Rail roughness measurement specifications.15
Annex B (informative)  Major influence parameters on track noise including track dynamics.21
Annex ZA (informative)  Relationship between this European Standard and the Essential

Requirements of EU Directive 96/48.22
Bibliography.25

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EN ISO 3381:2005 (E)
Foreword
This European Standard (EN ISO 3381:2005) has been prepared by Technical Committee CEN/TC 256
“Railway applications”, the secretariat of which is held by DIN, in collaboration with Technical Committee
ISO/TC 43 "Acoustics".
This European Standard shall be given the status of a national standard, either by publication of an identical
text or by endorsement, at the latest by February 2006, and conflicting national standards shall be withdrawn
at the latest by February 2006.
This document has been prepared under a mandate given to CEN/CENELEC/ETSI by the European
Commission and the European Free Trade Association, and supports essential requirements of EU Directive
96/48.
For relationship with EU Directive(s), see informative Annex ZA, which is an integral part of this document.
According to the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations, the national standards organizations of the following
countries are bound to implement this European Standard: Austria, Belgium, Cyprus, Czech Republic,
Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania,
Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland
and United Kingdom.

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EN ISO 3381:2005 (E)
1 Scope
This European Standard specifies the conditions for obtaining reproducible and comparable measurement
results of levels and spectra of noise inside all kinds of vehicles on rails or other types of fixed track,
hereinafter conventionally called “train”, except for track maintenance vehicles in operation.
This standard is applicable for:
 type testing;
 periodic monitoring testing.
The results may be used, for example:
 to characterise the noise inside these vehicles;
 to compare the internal noise of various vehicles on a particular track section.
The test procedures specified in this European Standard are of engineering grade (grade 2, with a precision of
± 2 dB), that is the preferred one for noise declaration purposes, as defined in EN ISO 12001.
The standard describes tests during different operating conditions, i.e. driving, accelerating, decelerating and
standstill. The chosen operating conditions are decided by the relevant authority or the train owner/operator. It
is not mandatory to perform tests at all conditions.
Infrasound and messages intelligibility are not treated in this standard.
The procedures specified for accelerating and decelerating tests are of survey grade.
2 Normative references
The following referenced documents are indispensable for the application of this document. For dated
references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references the latest edition of the referenced
document (including any amendments) applies.
EN 60942, Electroacoustics — Sound calibrators (IEC 60942:2003)
EN 61260, Electroacoustics — Octave-band and fractional-octave-band filters (IEC 61260:1995)
EN 61672-1:2003, Electroacoustics — Sound level meters — Part 1: Specifications (IEC 61672-1:2002)
3 Terms and definitions
For the purposes of this European Standard, the following terms and definitions apply.
3.1
type test for noise emission of railbound vehicles
type test
measurement performed to prove that, or to check if, a vehicle delivered by the manufacturer complies with
the noise specifications
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EN ISO 3381:2005 (E)

3.2
monitoring test for noise emission of railbound vehicles
monitoring test
measurement performed to check that the noise of one or more vehicles, taken among individual units in a
consignment of vehicles, is within prescribed limits or to check if the noise of the vehicle has changed since
initial delivery or after modification
3.3
roughness
r
root mean square (RMS) value of the amplitude variation of the running surface of a rail in the direction of
motion (longitudinal level) measured over a rail length, expressed in µm
3.4
roughness level
L
r
level given by the equation:
2
L = 10 lg (r/r ) dB        (1)
r 0
where
L  is the roughness level in dB;
r
r  is the RMS roughness in µm;
r  the reference roughness; r =1 m.
µ
0 0
This definition applies to values measured either as a wavelength spectrum or in a particular wavelength band
centred at λ (expressed in m)
3.5
sound pressure
p(t)
root mean square (RMS) value of a fluctuating pressure superimposed on the static atmospheric pressure
measured over a certain time period, expressed in Pa
3.6
sound pressure level
L
p
level given by the equation:
2
L = 10 lg ( p(t)/p ) dB (2)
p 0
where
L  is the sound pressure level in dB;
p
p(t)  is the RMS sound pressure in Pa;
p the reference sound pressure; p . = 20 µPa.
0 0
NOTE Definitions from 3.6 to 3.11 apply to values measured either as a frequency spectrum or in a particular
frequency band of centre f (expressed in Hz).
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EN ISO 3381:2005 (E)
3.7
A-weighted sound pressure level
L
pA
sound pressure level obtained by using the frequency weighting A (see EN 61672-1), given by the following
equation:
2
L =10 lg ( pA(t)p ) dB
pA 0
(3)
where
L is the A-weighted sound pressure level in dB;
pA
p (t)  is the RMS A-weighted sound pressure in Pa;
A
p the reference sound pressure; p . = 20 µPa.
0 0
3.8
AF-weighted maximum sound pressure level
L
pAFmax
maximum value of the A-weighted sound pressure level determined during the measurement time interval T
by using time weighting fast F
[EN 61672-1]
3.9
A-weighted equivalent continuous sound pressure level
L
pAeq,T
A-weighted sound pressure level given by the following equation:
T
2
 
1 p ()t
A
 
L =10 lg dt dB       (4)
pAeq,T
∫ 2
 
T p
0
 0 
where
L is the A-weighted equivalent continuous sound pressure level in dB;
pAeq,T
T  is the measurement time interval in s;
p (t)  is the A-weighted instantaneous sound pressure in Pa;
A
p the reference sound pressure; p = 20 µPa.
0 0
3.10
A-weighted short-term equivalent continuous sound pressure level
L
pAeq,1s
A-weighted equivalent continuous sound pressure level (see 3.9) where the measurement time interval T is
one second (T = 1s)
3.11
A-weighted equivalent continuous impulsive sound pressure level
L
pAIeqT
A-weighted equivalent continuous sound pressure level determined by using time weighting impulse I
(see EN 61672-1) given by the following equation:
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EN ISO 3381:2005 (E)
T
2
 
1 p ()t
AI
 
L =10 lg dt dB       (5)
pAIeq,T
2
∫
 
T p
0
 0 
where
L is the A-weighted equivalent continuous impulsive sound pressure level in dB;
pAIeq,T
T  is the measurement time interval in s;
p (t)  is the A-weighted instantaneous sound pressure using time weighting I (Impulse) in Pa;
AI
p the reference sound pressure; p . = 20 µPa.
0 0
3.12
noise with impulsive character
noise which contains an isolated event or a series of such events. The impulsive character is conventionally
confirmed if the difference between L and L is greater than 3 dB
pAleq,T pAeq,T
3.13
noise with tonal character
noise which contains audible tones
4 Measurement quantities
4.1 General
The quantities to be measured at all microphone positions for both type and monitoring tests are specified
below.
4.2 Frequency analysis is required for type tests while it is optional for monitoring tests. The typical 1/3 octave
band frequency range is from 31,5 Hz to 8 kHz according to EN ISO 266. It is important, however, that the
lower frequency limit is chosen to ensure that the product of the lowest bandwidth and signal duration exceeds
unity.
4.3 In presence of noise with suspected impulsive character, both L and L shall be measured. If they
pAIeq,T pAeq,T
differ by more than 3 dB the impulsive character is conventionally confirmed.
4.4 In presence of noise with suspected tonal character, at each microphone position it is suggested to make
frequency analysis measurements according to 4.2.
4.5 The measurement quantity for trains running at constant speed is the A-weighted equivalent continuous
sound pressure level, L .
pAeq,T
Additionally, the A-weighted short-term equivalent continuous sound pressure level, L may be measured.
pAeq,1s
4.6 For measurements on stationary vehicles, in presence of noise with suspected impulsive character, at
each microphone position it is suggested to make two measurements: one with time weighting slow S, the
other with time weighting impulse I (see EN 61672-1).
4.7 The measuring quantities for accelerating or braking tests shall be the maximum AF-weighted sound
pressure level, L , and the A-weighted equivalent continuous sound pressure level, L . The
pAFmax pAeq,T
measurement time interval,T is defined in Clause 7.
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EN ISO 3381:2005 (E)
5 Instrumentation
The instrumentation system, including the microphones, cables and recording devices shall meet the
requirements for a type 1 instrument specified in EN 61672-1.
The microphones shall have an essentially flat frequency response in a free sound field.
The one-third-octave band filters shall meet the requirements of class 1 according to EN 61260.
A windscreen shall always be fitted on the microphone.
Before and after each series of measurements, a sound calibrator with a class 1 accuracy according to
EN 60942 shall be applied to the microphone(s) in order to verify the calibration of the entire measuring
system at one or more frequencies over the frequency range of interest. If the difference between the two
calibrations is more than 0,5 dB, all the measurement results shall be rejected.
The compliance of the calibrator with the requirements of EN 60942 shall be verified at least once a year. The
compliance of the instrumentation system with the requirements of EN 61672-1 shall be verified at least every
2 years.
The date of the last verification of the compliance with the relevant European Standards shall be recorded.
6 Test conditions
6.1 Deviations from the requirements
The conditions prescribed for each test shall be complied with as closely as possible. Slight deviations from
the specified test conditions are permissible, but shall be described in the test report and in general, will lower
the reproducibility.
6.2 Test environment
6.2.1 Acoustical environment
The test site for chiefly outside-moving vehicles shall be such that the sound radiated by the vehicle to the
outside contributes to the inside noise only by reflections from the track and not by reflections from buildings,
walls or similar large objects outside the track.
For vehicles moving inside tunnels (like underground) the measurement shall be carried out in real operating
conditions.
In the immediate vicinity of the track, there shall be no additional absorbent covering or snow.
6.2.2 Meteorological conditions
Measurements shall be made only if the wind speed measured at the microphone height is below 5 m/s and
there is no falling rain or snow. Temperature, humidity, barometric pressure, wind speed and direction shall be
described (possibly with measured values) in the test report.
6.2.3 Background sound pressure level
Care shall be taken to ensure that the noise from other sources (for example other vehicles or industrial
plants) does not influence significantly the measurements.
For type tests, the A-weighted background sound pressure level shall be at least 10 dB below the reading of
the A-weighted sound pressure level obtained when measuring the noise from the vehicle in the presence of
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EN ISO 3381:2005 (E)
background noise. For frequency analysis this difference shall be at least 10 dB in each frequency band of
interest.
For monitoring tests, the A-weighted background sound pressure level shall be at least 5 dB below the
reading of the A-weighted sound pressure level obtained when measuring the noise from the vehicle in the
presence of background noise. If this difference is less than 10 dB the reading shall be corrected according to
Table 1.
NOTE If the above-mentioned difference is less than 5 dB a measurement of engineering grade (grade 2) is no
longer possible.
Table 1 — Background noise correction for monitoring tests
Difference between the A-weighted sound Correction to be added to the A-weighted
pressure level obtained when measuring the sound pressure level obtained when
noise inside the vehicle in the presence of measuring the interior vehicle noise in the
background noise and the A-weighted presence of background noise
background sound pressure level alone

dB dB
>10 0
6 to 9 –1
5 –2
6.3 Microphone positions
6.3.1 General
The measured sound pressure level inside a vehicle may vary considerably with location.
In particular, above the wheelsets or underfloor auxiliary equipment a higher sound level is likely. Therefore,
the number of measuring points selected shall be such that the sound level distribution in the vehicle is
adequately represented.
In general, five to seven measuring points, which include the middle and the ends of the vehicle, will be
sufficient. The exact microphone positions shall be indicated on a plan. Examples are shown in Figure 1.
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EN ISO 3381:2005 (E)
Dimensions in metres

Figure 1 — Examples of usual microphone positions
6.3.2 Seated positions
The microphone is located at a height of 1,2 m above the vehicle floor in the centre of a closed compartment
and in the centre line of the open car and midway between two rows of seats.
6.3.3 Standing positions
The microphone is located at a height of 1,6 m above the floor in the centre of areas accessible to standing
passengers.
6.3.4 Working positions
The microphone is located:
a) in the centre of the compartment at a height of 1,6 m above the floor for working positions located in a
coach;
b) at ear level, at a distance of 0,1 m from the ear most exposed of the driver or of any other person who
normally occupies the driver’s cab; in this case, any orientation of the microphone is allowed;
c) in additional positions (see Figure 2).
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EN ISO 3381:2005 (E)
Dimensions in metres
Key
1 Ear level
Figure 2 — Additional microphone positions for shunting locomotives
6.3.5 Lying positions
In couchettes and sleeping-cars, one of the microphone positions shall be 0,2 m above the pillow.
6.4 Vehicle conditions
6.4.1 General
The vehicle shall be in its normal operating conditions and, for test with constant speed, its wheels shall have
run in normal conditions at least 3 000 km (or 1 000 km for tramways and metros) on track with normal traffic.
For vehicles with tread brakes and block/tread pair shall be in ground conditions (a run-in condition where
block and tread have ground themselves sufficiently). The wheel treads shall be as free as possible from
irregularities, such as flats.
When trailed vehicles are to be tested, all efforts shall be made to ensure that the measurements are not
influenced by noise from other parts of the train, like power unit adjacent vehicles.
6.4.2 Loading conditions
The vehicles shall be unloaded or unoccupied except for the train crew. For power units (for example
locomotives), their normal load under working conditions (tractive effort) shall be used.
6.4.3 Doors, windows, auxiliary equipment, convertible furnishings
During the measurements, gangway doors between coaches, entry doors, intermediate doors and windows of
the vehicle shall be kept closed, unless their influence upon the sound level inside the vehicle is to be
investigated.
Auxiliary equipment on the test vehicle that normally operates during the run shall be in action. However, if the
auxiliary equipment noise appears infrequently for only a short time (less than 2 % of the operating time) and if
it affects the sound pressure level from other sources by less than 5 dB, it shall not be considered in the
measurements.
The test report shall describe the state of the auxiliary equipments during the test.
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EN ISO 3381:2005 (E)
If the disposition of furnishing inside the vehicle can be changed, for example berths in sleeping-cars, the
measurements shall be repeated in each of the different furnishing conditions.
6.5 Track conditions
6.5.1 General
For conventional vehicles, the measurements shall be made with ballast bed and wooden or reinforced
concrete sleepers, or with the track normally used by the train. The track shall be dry and not frozen. These
tests shall be done on a railsection and sleeper design in common use on the particular railway network. If
other track designs are integral with the operation of vehicles, they should be used for the tests.
The track shall be well maintained. The level gradient at the track shall be 3:1 000 at the most and the radius
of curvature r shall be:
a) r ≥ 1 000 m for tests at train speed v ≤ 70 km/h;
b) r ≥ 3 000 m for tests at train speed 70 < v ≤ 120 km/h;
c) r ≥ 5 000 m for tests at train speeds v > 120 km/h.
The track at the measuring section shall be laid without rail joints (welded rail) and free of visible surface
defects such as rail burns or pits and spikes caused by the compression of external material between wheel
and rail: no audible impact noise due to welds or loose sleepers should be present.
For testing in tu
...