SIST EN 13531:2002
(Main)Earth-moving machinery - Tip-over protection structure (TOPS) for compact excavators - Laboratory tests and performance requirements (ISO 12117:1997 modified)
Earth-moving machinery - Tip-over protection structure (TOPS) for compact excavators - Laboratory tests and performance requirements (ISO 12117:1997 modified)
This European Standard establishes a consistent and reproducible means of evaluating the load-carrying characteristics of tip-over protective structures (TOPS) under static loading, and prescribes performance requirements of a representative specimen under such loading.
It applies to TOPS of compact excavators (as defined in EN ISO 6165) with swing type boom, hav-ing an operating mass (see 3.14) of 1 000 kg to 6 000 kg.
Erdbaumaschinen - Umsturzschutzvorrichtung (TOPS) für Kompaktbagger Prüfungen und Anforderungen (ISO 12117:1997 modifiziert)
Diese Europäische Norm enthält eine übereinstimmende und reproduzierbare Methode für die Ermittlung der Lastaufnahmecharakteristik von Umsturzschutzvorrichtungen (TOPS) bei statischer Belastung und beschreibt Leistungsanforderungen für einen repräsentativen Pro-bekörper unter dieser Belastung.
Sie gilt für TOPS von Kompaktbaggern (wie in ISO 6165 definiert) mit schwenkbarem Ausleger, die eine Betriebsmasse (siehe 3.14) zwischen 1000 kg und 6000 kg besitzen.
Engins de terrassement - Structure de protection au basculement (TOPS) pour mini-pelles - Essais de laboratoires et exigences de performance (ISO 12117:1997 modifiée)
Domaine d'application
La présente Norme européenne établit un moyen reproductible pour évaluer les caractéristiques de charge des structures de protection au basculement (TOPS) sous charges statiques et prescrit les criteres de performance d'un échantillon représentatif dans ces conditions de charge.
Elle est applicable aux TOPS des mini-pelles (telles que définies dans l'EN ISO 6165) a fleche pivotante ayant une masse en service (voir 3.14) de 1 000 a 6 000 kg.
Earth-moving machinery - Tip-over protection structure (TOPS) for compact excavators - Laboratory tests and performance requirements (ISO 12117:1997 modified)
General Information
Relations
Standards Content (Sample)
SLOVENSKI STANDARD
SIST EN 13531:2002
01-januar-2002
Earth-moving machinery - Tip-over protection structure (TOPS) for compact
excavators - Laboratory tests and performance requirements (ISO 12117:1997
modified)
Earth-moving machinery - Tip-over protection structure (TOPS) for compact excavators -
Laboratory tests and performance requirements (ISO 12117:1997 modified)
Erdbaumaschinen - Umsturzschutzvorrichtung (TOPS) für Kompaktbagger Prüfungen
und Anforderungen (ISO 12117:1997 modifiziert)
Engins de terrassement - Structure de protection au basculement (TOPS) pour mini-
pelles - Essais de laboratoires et exigences de performance (ISO 12117:1997 modifiée)
Ta slovenski standard je istoveten z: EN 13531:2001
ICS:
53.100 Stroji za zemeljska dela Earth-moving machinery
SIST EN 13531:2002 en
2003-01.Slovenski inštitut za standardizacijo. Razmnoževanje celote ali delov tega standarda ni dovoljeno.
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SIST EN 13531:2002
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SIST EN 13531:2002
EUROPEAN STANDARD
EN 13531
NORME EUROPÉENNE
EUROPÄISCHE NORM
August 2001
ICS 53.100
English version
Earth-moving machinery - Tip-over protection structure (TOPS)
for compact excavators - Laboratory tests and performance
requirements (ISO 12117:1997 modified)
Engins de terrassement - Structure de protection au Erdbaumaschinen - Umsturzschutzvorrichtung (TOPS) für
basculement (TOPS) pour mini-pelles - Essais de Kompaktbagger - Prüfungen und Anforderungen (ISO
laboratoires et exigences de performance (ISO 12117:1997 12117:1997, modifiziert)
modifiée)
This European Standard was approved by CEN on 11 June 2001.
CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this European
Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references concerning such national
standards may be obtained on application to the Management Centre or to any CEN member.
This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by translation
under the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the Management Centre has the same status as the official
versions.
CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Czech Republic, Denmark, Finland, France, Germany, Greece,
Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Luxembourg, Netherlands, Norway, Portugal, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and United Kingdom.
EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATION
COMITÉ EUROPÉEN DE NORMALISATION
EUROPÄISCHES KOMITEE FÜR NORMUNG
Management Centre: rue de Stassart, 36 B-1050 Brussels
© 2001 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved Ref. No. EN 13531:2001 E
worldwide for CEN national Members.
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SIST EN 13531:2002
EN 13531:2001 (E)
Foreword
The text of the International Standard from Technical Committee ISO/TC 127 "Earth-moving
machinery” of the International Organization for Standardization (ISO) has been taken over with
modifications as a European Standard by Technical Committee CEN/TC 151 "Construction
equipment and building material machines - Safety", the secretariat of which is held by DIN.
This European Standard shall be given the status of a national standard, either by publication of
an identical text or by endorsement, at the latest by February 2002, and conflicting national
standards shall be withdrawn at the latest by February 2002.
This European Standard has been prepared under a mandate given to CEN by the European
Commission and the European Free Trade Association, and supports essential requirements of
EU Directive(s).
For relationship with EU Directive(s), see informative Annex ZA, which is an integral part of this
standard.
According to the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations, the national standards organizations of
the following countries are bound to implement this European Standard: Austria, Belgium,
Czech Republic, Denmark, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Iceland, Ireland, Italy,
Luxembourg, Netherlands, Norway, Portugal, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and the United
Kingdom.
Endorsement notice
The text of the International Standard ISO 12117:1997 has been approved by CEN as a
European Standard with agreed common modifications as given below.
The informative clause 6.1.4 and the informative Annex B of ISO 12117:1997 dealing with a
longitudinal loading test of TOPS have not been taken over in the European Standard.
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EN 13531:2001 (E)
0 Introduction
This European Standard is a type C-standard as stated in EN 292.
1 Scope
This European Standard establishes a consistent and reproducible means of evaluating the
load-carrying characteristics of tip-over protective structures (TOPS) under static loading, and
prescribes performance requirements of a representative specimen under such loading.
It applies to TOPS of compact excavators (as defined in EN ISO 6165) with swing type boom,
having an operating mass (see 3.14) of 1 000 kg to 6 000 kg.
2 Normative references
This European Standard incorporates, by dated or undated reference, provisions from other
publications. These normative references are cited at the appropriate places in the text and the
publications are listed hereafter. For dated references, subsequent amendments to or revisions
of any of these publications apply to this European Standard only when incorporated in it by
Amendment or revision. For undated references the latest edition of the publication referred to
applies (including amendments).
EN 292-1:1991 Safety of machinery - Basic concepts, general principles for design –
Part 1: Basic terminology, methodology
EN 292-2:1991 Safety of machinery - Basic concepts, general principles for design –
Part 2 : Technical principles and specifications
EN ISO 898-1:1999 Mechanical properties of fasteners made of carbon steel and alloy steel
- Part 1: Bolts, screws, and studs (ISO 898-1:1999)
EN 20898-2:1993 Mechanical properties of fasteners - Part 2: Nuts with specified proof
load values - Coarse thread (ISO 898-2:1992)
ISO 148 Steel - Charpy impact test (V-notch)
EN ISO 3164:19959 Earth-moving machinery - Laboratory evaluations of protective struc-
tures - Specifications for deflection-limiting volume
EN ISO 6683:198199 Earth-moving machinery - Seat belts and seat belt anchorages
ISO 7135:1993 Earth-moving machinery - Hydraulic excavators - Terminology and
commercial specifications
ISO 9248:1992 Earth-moving machinery - Units for dimensions, performance and ca-
pacities, and their measurement accuracies
ISO 10262:1998 Earth-moving machinery - Hydraulic excavators - Laboratory tests and
performance requirements for falling-object guards
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EN 13531:2001 (E)
3 Terms and definitions
For the purposes of this European Standard, the following terms and definitions apply.
3.1
tip-over protective structure (TOPS)
system of structural members whose primary purpose is to reduce the possibility of an operator,
held by a seat belt system (3.5), being crushed should a machine tip-over.
NOTE: Structural members include any subframe, bracket, mounting, socket, bolt, pin, suspension,
flexible shock absorber used to secure the system to the swing frame, but excludes mounting provisions
that are integral with the swing frame.
3.1.1
cabin type TOPS
TOPS for machines with a cabin.
3.1.2
canopy type TOPS
TOPS for machines having an open canopy.
NOTE: Both of these types of TOPS are designed to be integrated with the main members of the TOPS
for the evaluation test, whether they are separated from the load carrying members or not.
3.2
falling object guard (FOG)
system of top guard and front guard for the protection of the excavator operator’s station. (See
ISO 10262.)
3.3
swing frame
main chassis or main load bearing structural member(s) of the revolving upper frame of the
mini-excavator upon which the TOPS is directly mounted.
3.4
swing-type boom
boom pivoted horizontally at the boom base. (See ISO 7135:1993, figure 18.)
3.5
seat beltrestrain system
seat belt assembly with anchorages. (EN ISO 6683:198199, definition 4.3).
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EN 13531:2001 (E)
3.6
bedplate
substantially rigid part of the test fixtures to which the machine frame is attached for the pur-
pose of the test.
3.7
deflection-limiting volume (DLV)
orthogonal approximation of a large, seated, male operator wearing normal clothing and a
protective helmet. (See EN ISO 3164:19959, figure 1). [EN ISO 3164:19959, definition 3.1]
3.8
representative specimen
TOPS, mounting hardware and machine frame (complete or partial) for test purposes that is
within the manufacturer's specifications.
3.9
load distribution device
device used to prevent localized penetration of the TOPS members at the load application
point.
3.10
load application point
point on the TOPS structure where the test load is applied to the TOPS structure.
3.11
deflection of TOPS
movement of the TOPS structure caused by the application of the load and measured at the
load application point.
3.12
simulated ground plane (SGP)
flat surface on which a machine, after tipping over, is assumed to come to rest.
3.13
lateral simulated ground plane (LSGP)
for a machine coming to rest on its side, the plane 15° away from the DLV about the horizontal
axis within the plane established in the vertical plane passing through the outermost point (see
Figure 1). This establishes the LSGP. The LSGP is established on an unloaded TOPS and
moves with the member to which load is applied while maintaining its 15° angle with respect to
the vertical.
3.14
operating mass
mass of the base machine, with equipment and attachments as specified by the manufacturer,
operator (75 kg), full fuel tank, and all fluid systems at the levels specified by the manufacturer.
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NOTE: Soil, mud, rocks, branches, debris, etc. that commonly adhere to or lie on machines in use are not
considered as part of the mass of any machine. Material dug, carried or handled in any manner is not
considered part of the machine mass in determining test requirements.
4 Symbols
The following symbols are used in this European Standard.
4.1
U: Energy, expressed in joules (J), absorbed by the structure, related to the
machine mass (m).
4.2 F: Force, expressed in newtons (N).
4.3
m: Manufacturer's maximum recommended machine mass, expressed in kilograms
(kg). The manufacturer's maximum recommended machine mass includes attachments in
operating condition with all reservoirs full to capacity, tools and TOPS.
4.4 L: Length of the TOPS, expressed in millimetres, defined as below.
a) For a one- or two-post TOPS with a FOG falling object (top and front) guard for the
operator’s station and/or cantilevered load-carrying structural members, the length, L, is
that portion of the cantilevered load-carrying members which covers at least the vertical
projection of the length of the DLV of the operator. It is measured at the top of the
TOPS, from the extreme face of the TOPS post(s) to the far end of the cantilevered
load-carrying members (see Figure 2).
b) For all other TOPS, the length, L, is the greatest total longitudinal distance between the
outsides of the front and rear posts (see Figure 3).
4.5 : Width of the TOPS, expressed in millimetres, defined as below.
W
a) For a one- or two-post TOPS with a FOG falling object (top and front) guard for the
operator’s station and/or cantilevered load-carrying structural members, the width, W, is
that portion of the cantilevered load-carrying members which covers at least the vertical
projection of the width of the DLV. It is measured at the top of the TOPS, members from
the extreme face of the TOPS left and right post to the far end of the cantilevered load-
carrying members (see Figure 2).
b) For all other TOPS, the width, W, is the greatest total width between the outsides of the
left and right TOPS posts (see Figure 3).
4.6 : Deformation of the TOPS, expressed in millimetres.
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EN 13531:2001 (E)
Key
a Upper TOPS member to which the lateral load is applied
b Outermost point from the end view of member a
c Vertical line through point b
d Vertical plane parallel to the machine longitudinal centreline through line c
e Lateral simulated ground plane (LSGP)
Figure 1 - Determination of lateral simulated ground plane (LSGP)
NOTE: Load distributor and socket are used to prevent local penetration and to hold the end of the load-
generating device.
Figure 2 - Two-post TOPS lateral load application point
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EN 13531:2001 (E)
Dimensions in millimetres
NOTE 1: Load distributor and socket are used to prevent local penetration and to hold the end of the load-
generating device.
NOTE 2: Typical but not mandatory layout.
Figure 3 - Four-post TOPS lateral load application point
5 Test method and facilities
5.1 General
The requirement for TOPS is energy absorption in the lateral direction. There are limitations on
deflections under the lateral loading. The energy requirements and limitations on deflection
(DLV) under lateral loading are intended to assure that the TOPS will not significantly deform
while retaining significant capability to withstand impact in the tip.
The evaluation procedure will not necessarily duplicate structural deformations due to a given
actual tip-over. However, it is expected that crush protection for a seat-belted operator will be
assured under at least the following conditions:
- a flat hard soil surface;
- 90° of tip-over about the swing frame longitudinal axis without losing contact with the
surface.
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5.2 Instrumentation
Systems used to measure mass, force and deflection shall be capable of meeting the require-
ments of ISO 9248:1992.
5.3 Test facilities
Fixtures shall be adequate to secure the TOPS/swing frame assembly to a bedplate and to ap-
ply the required lateral load as determined by the formulae given in Table 1.
5.4 TOPS/swing frame assembly and attachment to bedplate
5.4.1 The TOPS shall be attached to the swing frame as it would be on an operating ma-
chine (see Figure 4). A complete swing frame is not required for the evaluation. However, the
swing frame and mounted TOPS test specimen shall represent the structural configuration of
an operating installation. All normally detachable windows, panels, doors, and other non-struc-
tural elements shall be removed so that they do not contribute to, nor
...
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