SIST EN 474-5:2007
(Main)Earth-moving machinery - Safety - Part 5: Requirements for hydraulic excavators
Earth-moving machinery - Safety - Part 5: Requirements for hydraulic excavators
This part of prEN 474 deals with all specific significant hazards, hazardous situations and events relevant to hydraulic excavators as defined in EN ISO 6165:2002, when they are used as intended and under conditions of misuse which are reasonably foreseeable by the manufacturer (see Clause 4).
This part also deals with object handling application, shovel application and log application.
The requirements of this part are complementary to the common requirements formulated in part 1.
This part does not repeat the requirements from part 1, but adds or replaces the requirements for application for hydraulic excavators.
This part specifies the appropriate technical measures to eliminate or reduce risks arising from the significant hazards, hazardous situations and events during commissioning, operation and maintenance of hydraulic excavators.
This European Standard is not applicable to hydraulic excavators manufactured before the date of publication of this European Standard by CEN.
Erdbaumaschinen - Sicherheit - Teil 5: Anforderungen für Hydraulikbagger
Dieser Teil der EN 474 behandelt die folgenden signifikanten Gefährdungen, Gefährdungssituationen und Gefährdungsereignisse, die für Hydraulikbagger, wie sie in der EN ISO 6165:2002 beschrieben sind, zutreffen, wenn sie bestimmungsgemäß verwendet werden. Die nach vernünftigem ermessen für den Hersteller vorhersehbare Nutzung der Maschine außerhalb der bestimmungsgemäßen Verwendung ist ebenfalls berücksichtigt (siehe Abschnitt 4).
Die Anforderungen gelten ergänzend zu den allgemeinen Anforderungen des Teil 1.
Dieser Teil wiederholt nicht die Anforderungen des Teil 1, aber ergänzt oder ersetzt diese sofern sie für den Einsatz von Hydraulikbaggern von Bedeutung sind.
Dieser Teil beschreibt die geeigneten technischen Maßnahmen, die erforderlich sind, die Risiken die aufgrund signifikanter Gefährdungen, Gefahrensituationen und Gefährdungsereignissen, die während der Inbetriebnahme, dem Betrieb, der Instandhaltung von Hydraulikbaggern eintreten können zu mindern oder zu beseitigen.
Diese Europäische Norm ist nicht anzuwenden für Hydraulikbagger, die vor der Veröffentlichung dieser Europäischen Norm durch CEN hergestellt wurden.
Engins de terrassement - Sécurité - Partie 5: Prescriptions applicables aux pelles hydrauliques
La présente partie de l’EN 474 traite de tous les phénomenes, situations et événements dangereux significatifs relatifs aux pelles hydrauliques définies dans l’EN ISO 6165:2006, lorsqu’elles sont utilisées comme prévu ou dans des conditions de mauvais usage que le fabricant peut raisonnablement prévoir (voir Article 4).
La présente partie traite également des utilisations en manutention d’objets, en pelle et en grumes.
Les prescriptions figurant dans la présente partie viennent en complément des prescriptions communes présentées dans l’EN 474-1:2006.
La présente partie ne répete pas les prescriptions de l’EN 474-1:2006 mais en ajoute ou en remplace certaines applicables aux pelles hydrauliques.
La présente partie prescrit les mesures techniques appropriées pour éliminer ou réduire les risques dus aux phénomenes, situations et événements dangereux significatifs survenant lors de la mise en service, du fonctionnement et de la maintenance des pelles hydrauliques.
La présente Norme européenne ne s’applique pas aux pelles hydrauliques fabriquées avant la publication de la présente Norme européenne par le CEN.
Stroji za zemeljska dela - Varnost - 5. del: Zahteve za hidravlične bagre
General Information
Relations
Standards Content (Sample)
SLOVENSKI STANDARD
SIST EN 474-5:2007
01-maj-2007
1DGRPHãþD
SIST EN 474-5:2000
SIST EN 474-5:2000/AC:2000
6WURML]D]HPHOMVNDGHOD9DUQRVWGHO =DKWHYH]DKLGUDYOLþQHEDJUH
Earth-moving machinery - Safety - Part 5: Requirements for hydraulic excavators
Erdbaumaschinen - Sicherheit - Teil 5: Anforderungen für Hydraulikbagger
Engins de terrassement - Sécurité - Partie 5: Prescriptions applicables aux pelles
hydrauliques
Ta slovenski standard je istoveten z: EN 474-5:2006
ICS:
53.100 Stroji za zemeljska dela Earth-moving machinery
SIST EN 474-5:2007 en
2003-01.Slovenski inštitut za standardizacijo. Razmnoževanje celote ali delov tega standarda ni dovoljeno.
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EUROPEAN STANDARD
EN 474-5
NORME EUROPÉENNE
EUROPÄISCHE NORM
November 2006
ICS 53.100 Supersedes EN 474-5:1996
English Version
Earth-moving machinery - Safety - Part 5: Requirements for
hydraulic excavators
Engins de terrassement - Sécurité - Partie 5: Prescriptions Erdbaumaschinen - Sicherheit - Teil 5: Anforderungen für
applicables aux pelles hydrauliques Hydraulikbagger
This European Standard was approved by CEN on 17 April 2006.
CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this European
Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references concerning such national
standards may be obtained on application to the Central Secretariat or to any CEN member.
This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by translation
under the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the Central Secretariat has the same status as the official
versions.
CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France,
Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania,
Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and United Kingdom.
EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATION
COMITÉ EUROPÉEN DE NORMALISATION
EUROPÄISCHES KOMITEE FÜR NORMUNG
Management Centre: rue de Stassart, 36 B-1050 Brussels
© 2006 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved Ref. No. EN 474-5:2006: E
worldwide for CEN national Members.
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EN 474-5:2006 (E)
Contents Page
Foreword.3
Introduction .4
1 Scope.5
2 Normative references.5
3 Terms and definitions .6
4 List of additional significant hazards .6
5 Safety requirements and/or measures .7
6 Information for use .13
Annex A (informative) List of additional significant hazards – Hydraulic excavators.14
Annex B (informative) Rated lift capacity tables for object handling .16
Annex C (normative) Requirements for excavator swing brakes .20
Annex D (informative) Illustrations.24
Annex ZA (informative) Relationship between this European Standard and the Essential
Requirements of EU Directive 98/37/EC .27
Bibliography .28
Figures
Figure 1 — Tipping lines of walking excavators . 12
Figure 2 — Measurement of the tipping load to front/rear . 12
Figure 3 — Measurement of tipping load to the side . 13
Figure C.1 — Swing service brake . 21
Figure D.1 — Crawler excavator. 24
Figure D.2 — Compact crawler excavator. 24
Figure D.3 — Wheel excavator . 25
Figure D.4 — Compact wheel excavator . 25
Figure D.5 — Walking excavator. 26
Tables
Table A.1 — List of additional significant hazards. 14
Table B.1 — Example of rated lift capacity table for crawler excavators . 18
Table B.2 — Example of rated lift capacity table for wheel excavators . 19
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EN 474-5:2006 (E)
Foreword
This document (EN 474-5:2006) has been prepared by Technical Committee CEN/TC 151 “Construction
equipment and building material machines — Safety”, the secretariat of which is held by DIN.
This European Standard shall be given the status of a national standard, either by publication of an identical
text or by endorsement, at the latest by May 2007, and conflicting national standards shall be withdrawn at the
latest by November 2008.
This European Standard supersedes EN 474-5:1996.
This document has been prepared under a mandate given to CEN by the European Commission and the
European Free Trade Association, and supports essential requirements of EU Directive.
For relationship with EU Directive, see informative Annex ZA, which is an integral part of this document.
For bibliographic references, see EN 474-1:2006.
EN 474 "Earth-moving machinery — Safety" comprises the following parts:
Part 1: General requirements
Part 2: Requirements for tractor-dozers
Part 3: Requirements for loaders
Part 4: Requirements for backhoe-loaders
Part 5: Requirements for hydraulic excavators
Part 6: Requirements for dumpers
Part 7: Requirements for scrapers
Part 8: Requirements for graders
Part 9: Requirements for pipelayers
Part 10: Requirements for trenchers
Part 11: Requirements for earth and landfill compactors
Part 12: Requirements for cable excavators
This European Standard is intended for use in combination with Part 1 of the series.
According to the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations, the national standards organizations of the following
countries are bound to implement this European Standard: Austria, Belgium, Cyprus, Czech Republic,
Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania,
Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden,
Switzerland and the United Kingdom.
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EN 474-5:2006 (E)
Introduction
This part of EN 474 is a type C standard as stated in EN ISO 12100-1:2003.
The machinery concerned and the extent to which hazards, hazardous situations and events are covered are
indicated in the scope of this European Standard.
When provisions of this type C standard are different from those which are stated in type A or B standards, the
provisions of this type C standard take precedence over the provisions of the other standards, for machines
that have been designed and built according to the provisions of this type C standard.
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EN 474-5:2006 (E)
1 Scope
This part of EN 474 deals with all specific significant hazards, hazardous situations and events relevant to
hydraulic excavators as defined in EN ISO 6165:2006, when they are used as intended and under conditions
of misuse which are reasonably foreseeable by the manufacturer (see Clause 4).
This part also deals with object handling application, shovel application and log application.
The requirements of this part are complementary to the common requirements formulated in EN 474-1:2006.
This part does not repeat the requirements from EN 474-1:2006, but adds or replaces the requirements for
application for hydraulic excavators.
This part specifies the appropriate technical measures to eliminate or reduce risks arising from the significant
hazards, hazardous situations and events during commissioning, operation and maintenance of hydraulic
excavators.
This European Standard is not applicable to hydraulic excavators manufactured before the date of publication
of this European Standard by CEN.
2 Normative references
The following referenced documents are indispensable for the application of this document. For dated
references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced
document (including any amendments) applies.
EN 474-1:2006, Earth-moving machinery — Safety — Part 1: General requirements
EN 12643:1997, Earth-moving machinery — Rubber-tyred machines — Steering requirements
(ISO 5010:1992, modified)
EN 13510:2000, Earth-moving machinery — Roll-over protective structures — Laboratory tests and
performance requirements (ISO 3471:1994, including Amendment 1:1997 modified)
EN 13531:2001, Earth-moving machinery — Tip-over protection structure (TOPS) for compact excavators —
Laboratory tests and performance requirements (ISO 12117:1997 modified)
EN ISO 3449:2005, Earth-moving machinery - Falling-object protective structures - Laboratory tests and
performance requirements (ISO 3449:2005)
EN ISO 2867:2006, Earth-moving machinery — Access systems (ISO 2867:2006)
EN ISO 6165:2006, Earth-moving machinery — Basic types — Vocabulary Identification and terms and
definitions (ISO 6165:2006)
EN ISO 6682:1995, Earth-moving machinery — Zones of comfort and reach for controls (ISO 6682:1986
including Amendment 1:1989)
EN ISO 6683:2005, Earth-moving machinery — Seat belts and seat belt anchorages — Performance
requirements and tests (ISO 6683:2005)
EN ISO 7096:2000, Earth-moving machinery — Laboratory evaluation of operator seat vibration
(ISO 7096:2000)
EN ISO 12100-1:2003, Safety of machinery — Basic concepts, general principles for design — Part 1: Basic
terminology, methodology (ISO 12100-1:2003)
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EN 474-5:2006 (E)
ISO 6014:1986, Earth-moving machinery — Determination of ground speed
ISO 7451:1997, Earth-moving machinery — Volumetric ratings for hydraulic excavator buckets and backhoe
loader buckets
ISO 7546:1983, Earth-moving machinery — Loader and front loading excavator buckets — Volumetric ratings
ISO 8643:1997, Earth-moving machinery — Hydraulic excavator and backhoe loader boom-lowering control
device — Requirements and tests
ISO 10262:1998, Earth-moving machinery — Hydraulic excavators — Laboratory tests and performance
requirements for operator protective guards
ISO 10567:1992, Earth-moving machinery — Hydraulic excavators — Lift capacity
3 Terms and definitions
For the purposes of this European Standard, the terms and definitions given in EN 474-1:2006,
EN ISO 12100-1:2003 and the following apply.
NOTE 1 Terminology for hydraulic excavators are specified in ISO 7135:1993 and illustrated in Annex D (Figures D.1
to D.5) of this European Standard.
NOTE 2 Definitions used in EN and ISO standards referred to in this European Standard are also valid for this
document.
3.1
hydraulic excavator
self-propelled machine on crawler, wheels or legs, having an upper structure normally capable of 360° swing
with mounted equipment, primarily designed for excavating with bucket, without moving the undercarriage
during the work cycle
NOTE 1 An excavator work cycle normally comprises excavating, elevating, swinging and discharging material (see
EN ISO 6165:2006).
NOTE 2 Hydraulic excavators may also be used for material handling/transportation.
3.1.1
minimal swing radius excavator (MSRX)
excavator for operation in confined space having an upper structure with a short swing radius (equipment and
attachment swing within 120 % of the width of the undercarriage)
3.1.2
compact excavator
excavator and minimal swing radius excavator with an operating mass (see ISO 6016:1998) of less than or
equal to 6 000 kg
3.2
walking excavator
excavator with three or more supporting legs which may be articulated, telescopic or both and which can be
fitted with wheels
4 List of additional significant hazards
See Annex A.
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EN 474-5:2006 (E)
NOTE Annex A (normative) contains all the significant hazards, hazardous situations and events, as far as
they are dealt with in this European Standard, identified by risk assessment as significant for this type of
machinery and which require action to eliminate or reduce the risk.
5 Safety requirements and/or measures
5.1 General
Hydraulic excavators shall comply with the requirements of EN 474-1:2006, as far as not modified or replaced
by the requirements of this part.
5.2 Access
EN 474-1:2006, 5.2 applies with the exception that dimension G, in EN ISO 2867:2006, Figure 2, can be
greater than 600 mm when the hand rails/hand holds are in the door opening.
5.3 Operator's station
5.3.1 Minimum space envelope
On excavators with retractable front window, the cab height above SIP shall not be less than 920 mm
measured with the window retracted into the cab.
5.3.2 Operator's protection
5.3.2.1 Operator’s protective guard
EN 474-1:2006, 5.3.4 is replaced by the following:
Excavators shall be designed so that an operator's protective guard can be fitted. The manufacturer according
to the intended use of the machine shall offer a protective guard. The protective guard shall be in accordance
with ISO 10262:1998.
Compact excavators with an operating mass (see ISO 6016:1998) less than or equal to 1 500 kg are excluded
from the requirements for a protective guard according to ISO 10262:1998.
5.3.2.2 Roll over and tip over protective structures (ROPS and TOPS)
EN 474-1:2006, 5.3.3 does not apply for hydraulic excavator except for walking excavators, see 5.8.3:
Compact excavators having an operating mass greater than 1 000 kg shall be fitted with a tip over protective
structure (TOPS) according to EN 13531:2001.
5.3.2.3 Protection for log application
The excavator shall be equipped with a front protection and, if a relevant hazard exists, with a top protection,
according to ISO 10262:1998.
5.3.3 Operator's seat
5.3.3.1 Seat adjustment for compact excavators
nd
EN 474-1:2006, 5.4.1.3, 2 paragraph only applies to excavators with an operating mass (see
ISO 6016:1998) of less than 3 000 kg.
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EN 474-5:2006 (E)
5.3.3.2 Vibration
EN 474-1:2006, 5.4.1.4, applies to excavators except for compact excavators. The seat, except for compact
excavators, shall comply with spectral class EM 6 of EN ISO 7096:2000.
NOTE According to EN ISO 7096:2000, 1.2.2, there is no requirement on seat suspension for seats used in
excavators.
5.3.3.3 Rear window
EN 474-1:2006, 5.3.2.9 applies with the exception that the rear window of an excavator does not need to be
equipped with window wipers, washers and defrosters.
5.4 Controls for driving and steering
EN 474-1:2006, 5.5.1 d) and 5.6.1 apply with the following addition relating to controls for driving and steering:
The movements of the controls for driving and steering do not need to correspond to the intended direction of
movement if the upper structure is not in the normal driving direction.
EN 474-1:2006, 5.6.2 applies only to excavators with a travelling speed of higher than 30 km/h measured
according to ISO 6014:1986.
For machines with a travel speed equal to or lower than 30 km/h EN 12643:1997 shall be applied, except for
the requirements for emergency steering.
5.5 Swing brakes
Swing brakes shall comply with the requirements as defined in Annex C.
5.6 Stability and safety devices
5.6.1 General
EN 474-1:2006, 5.11 applies with the additions given in 5.6.2 to 5.6.4.
All rated capacities as defined hereafter are based on test and/or calculations of machines being level and on
firm supporting surface.
The mass of the intended load, its density and the location of its centre of gravity as well as the mass of the
attachment and the attachment bracket, if fitted, shall be included in the determination of the rated lift capacity
and the size/capacity of the attachment.
To provide a sufficient stability, the rated lift capacity in intended operations shall be determined in
accordance with 5.6.2 to 5.6.4
5.6.2 Bucket and shovel application
The rated lift capacity for an excavator used in bucket or shovel application shall be determined either by:
rated tipping load according to ISO 10567:1992, 3.7, in the most unfavourable position; or
hydraulic lift capacity according to ISO 10567:1992, 3.9.
whichever is less.
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EN 474-5:2006 (E)
The volumetric rating of the bucket or shovel shall be determined according to ISO 7451:1997 or
ISO 7546:1983.
NOTE The mass and the volumetric rating of the bucket and the density of the material have to be taken
into account when a bucket is selected for a specific application.
5.6.3 Log application
The rated lift capacity in stationary log application shall be determined either by:
rated tipping load according to ISO 10567:1992, 3.7, with a log in the most unfavourable position; or
hydraulic lift capacity according to ISO 10567:1992, 3.9.
whichever is less.
The rated lift capacity in moving (driving with load) log application shall be determined either by:
rated tipping load as 60 % of the tipping load according to ISO 10567:1992, 3.6, with a log in the most
unfavourable position; or
hydraulic lift capacity according to ISO 10567:1992, 3.9.
whichever is less.
5.6.4 Object handling application
5.6.4.1 General
The rated lift capacity of excavators shall be determined according to 5.6.4.2.
5.6.4.2 Rated lift capacity in object handling
The rated lift capacity in object handling shall be determined according to ISO 10567:1992, 3.11.
5.6.4.3 Rated lift capacity table in object handling
A table of the rated lift capacity in object handling, established by the manufacturer, shall be provided.
Annex B gives an example for such a table. The table(s) shall be available at the operator's station for each
object-handling configuration specified in the operation manual.
5.6.4.4 Load safety devices
Excavators used in object handling operations and with a maximum rated lift capacity according EN 474-1, 3.5
greater than or equal to 1 000 kg, at a minimum lift point radius, as defined in 3.4 of ISO 10567:1992, or an
overturning moment greater than or equal to 40 000 Nm, shall
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