SIST EN 16603-20-20:2018
(Main)Space engineering - Electrical design and interface requirements for power supply
Space engineering - Electrical design and interface requirements for power supply
The target applications covered by this standard are all missions traditionally provided with power distribution and protection by LCLs/RLCLs (science, earth observation, navigation) with exclusion of telecom applications which are traditionally provided with power distribution and protection by fuses.
The present standard applies to power distribution by LCLs/RLCLs for power systems, and in general for satellites, required to be Single Point Failure Free.
The present standard document applies exclusively to the main bus power distribution by LCLs/RLCLs to external satellite loads.
Internal power system protections of LCLs/RLCLs are not covered.
Paralleling of LCLs to increase power supply line reliability is not covered by the present standard, since this choice does not appreciably change the reliability of the overall function (i.e. LCL plus load).
In fact, a typical reliability figure of the LCL (limited to the loss of its switch ON capability) is 20 FIT or less.
If the load to be connected to the LCL line has a substantial higher failure rate than this, it is not necessary to duplicate the LCL to supply that load.
Raumfahrttechnik - Anforderungen an Schnittstellen für elektrische Leistung
Ingénierie spatiale - Exigences de conception et d'interface électriques pour alimentation bord
Vesoljska tehnika - Električna zasnova in zahteve vmesnika za napajalna omrežja
Vse ciljne aplikacije, zajete v tem standardu, so misije, ki so običajno zagotovljene z distribucijo električne energije in zaščito z omejevalniki LCL/RLCL (znanost, zemeljska opazovanja, navigacija), razen telekomunikacijskih aplikacij, ki so običajno zagotovljene z distribucijo električne energije in zaščito z varovalkami.
Ta standard se uporablja za distribucijo električne energije z omejevalniki LCL/RLCL za napajalne sisteme in na splošno za satelite, ki morajo biti brez enotočkovnih napak.
Ta dokument se uporablja izključno za distribucijo električne energije prek glavnega vodila z omejevalniki LCL/RLCL za zunanja bremena satelita.
Notranja zaščita napajalnih sistemov omejevalnikov LCL/RLCL ni zajeta.
Vzporedna vezava omejevalnikov LCL za povečanje zanesljivosti oskrbe z električno energijo ni zajeta v tem standardu, saj ta izbira ne spremeni znatno zanesljivosti celotne funkcionalnosti (tj. omejevalnika LCL z bremenom).
Običajna vrednost zanesljivosti omejevalnika LCL (omejena na izgubo zmogljivosti vklopa stikala) je 20 FIT ali manj.
Če ima breme za povezavo z linijo omejevalnika LCL znatno višjo stopnjo napake v primerjavi z omenjeno, podvojevanje omejevalnika LCL za napajanje tega bremena ni potrebno.
General Information
Standards Content (Sample)
2003-01.Slovenski inštitut za standardizacijo. Razmnoževanje celote ali delov tega standarda ni dovoljeno.Raumfahrttechnik - Anforderungen an Schnittstellen für elektrische LeistungIngénierie spatiale - Exigences de conception et d'interface électriques pour alimentation bordSpace engineering - Electrical design and interface requirements for power supply49.140Vesoljski sistemi in operacijeSpace systems and operationsICS:Ta slovenski standard je istoveten z:EN 16603-20-20:2018SIST EN 16603-20-20:2018en,fr,de01-november-2018SIST EN 16603-20-20:2018SLOVENSKI
STANDARD
SIST EN 16603-20-20:2018
EUROPEAN STANDARD NORME EUROPÉENNE EUROPÄISCHE NORM
EN 16603-20-20
August
t r s z ICS
v {ä s v r
English version
Space engineering æ Electrical design and interface requirements for power supply
Ingénierie spatiale æ Exigences de conception et d 5interface électriques pour alimentation bord
Raumfahrttechnik æ Anforderungen an Schnittstellen für elektrische Leistung This European Standard was approved by CEN on
s r April
t r s yä
C Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this European Standard the status of a national standard without any alterationä Upætoædate lists and bibliographical references concerning such national standards may be obtained on application to the CENæCENELEC Management Centre or to any CEN and CENELEC memberä
translation under the responsibility of a CEN and CENELEC member into its own language and notified to the CENæCENELEC Management Centre has the same status as the official versionsä
CEN and CENELEC members are the national standards bodies and national electrotechnical committees of Austriaá Belgiumá Bulgariaá Croatiaá Cyprusá Czech Republicá Denmarká Estoniaá Finlandá Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedoniaá Franceá Germanyá Greeceá Hungaryá Icelandá Irelandá Italyá Latviaá Lithuaniaá Luxembourgá Maltaá Netherlandsá Norwayá Polandá Portugalá Romaniaá Serbiaá Slovakiaá Sloveniaá Spainá Swedená Switzerlandá Turkey and United Kingdomä
CEN-CENELEC Management Centre: Rue de la Science 23, B-1040 Brussels y any means reserved worldwide for CEN national Members and for CENELEC Membersä Refä Noä EN
s x x r uæ t ræ t rã t r s z ESIST EN 16603-20-20:2018
EN 16603-20-20:2018 (E) 2 Table of contents European Foreword . 5 Introduction . 6 1 Scope . 7 2 Normative references . 8 3 Terms, definitions and abbreviated terms . 9 3.1 Terms from other standards . 9 3.2 Terms specific to the present standard . 9 3.3 Abbreviated terms. 18 3.4 Nomenclature . 18 4 Principles . 20 4.1 General . 20 4.2 Standard assumptions . 20 5 Requirements . 21 5.1 Reference power bus specifications . 21 5.2 Functional/Source interface requirements . 23 5.2.1 LCL/HLCL class . 23 5.2.2 RLCL class . 23 5.2.3 Current limitation section . 23 5.2.4 Trip-off section . 24 5.2.5 UVP section . 24 5.2.6 Telecommand section features . 25 5.2.7 Conditions at start-up/ switch-off . 25 5.2.8 Telemetry section . 26 5.2.9 Status section . 28 5.2.10 Repetitive overload . 28 5.2.11 Reverse current tolerance . 28 5.2.12 Parallel connection . 29 5.2.13 Switching options . 29 5.2.14 LCL Switch dissipative failure . 31 SIST EN 16603-20-20:2018
EN 16603-20-20:2018 (E) 3 5.2.15 Loss of LCL lines . 32 5.2.16 Noise immunity . 32 5.2.17 Output impedance envelope, when in limitation . 32 5.2.18 Noise immunity feature . 33 5.2.19 Output LCL load (Input load characteristic) . 33 5.3 Functional/Load interface requirements . 34 5.3.1 Nominal feature . 34 5.3.2 Switch-on . 34 5.3.3 LCL switch dissipative failure . 35 5.3.4 Load test condition . 35 5.3.5 User UVP at bus input side . 35 5.4 Performance/Source interface requirements . 36 5.4.1 Overall requirements . 36 5.4.2 Start-up/Switch-off requirements . 37 5.4.3 UVP . 38 5.4.4 Switch-on capability . 39 5.4.5 Voltage drop. 40 5.4.6 Stability . 40 5.4.7 Current Telemetry, accuracy . 41 5.4.8 Current Telemetry, offset. 41 5.4.9 Retrigger interval . 42 5.4.10 dI/dt limit on retrigger ON edge . 42 5.4.11 dI/dt limit on retrigger OFF edge . 42 5.4.12 Status, accuracy . 42 5.5 Performance/Load interface requirements . 43 5.5.1 Load reverse current . 43 5.5.2 Load characteristic . 43 5.5.3 Source-load characteristic . 44 5.5.4 Start-up surge input current . 44 5.5.5 Internal load Input current limitation . 45 Annex A (informative) Requirements mapping . 46 Bibliography . 60
SIST EN 16603-20-20:2018
EN 16603-20-20:2018 (E) 4 Figures Figure 3-1: LCL overload timing diagram (case 1) . 13 Figure 3-2: LCL overload timing diagram (case 2) . 13 Figure 3-3: Typical start-up current profile of a DC/DC converter attached to a LCL . 14 Figure 3-4: RLCL overload timing diagram . 14
Tables Table 3-1: LCL classes . 15 Table 3-2: RLCL classes . 16 Table 3-3: HLCL classes . 17 Table 5-1: Reference Power Bus Specifications . 22
SIST EN 16603-20-20:2018
EN 16603-20-20:2018 (E) 5 European Foreword This document (EN 16603-20-20:2018) has been prepared by Technical Committee CEN-CENELEC/TC 5 “Space”, the secretariat of which is held by DIN. This standard (EN 16603-20-20:2018) originates from ECSS-E-ST-20-20C. This European Standard shall be given the status of a national standard, either by publication of an identical text or by endorsement, at the latest by February 2019, and conflicting national standards shall be withdrawn at the latest by February 2019. Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent rights. CEN shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. This document has been prepared under a standardization request given to CEN by the European Commission and the European Free Trade Association. This document has been developed to cover specifically space systems and has therefore precedence over any EN covering the same scope but with a wider domain of applicability (e.g. : aerospace). According to the CEN-CENELEC Internal Regulations, the national standards organizations of the following countries are bound to implement this European Standard: Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Serbia, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey and the United Kingdom. SIST EN 16603-20-20:2018
EN 16603-20-20:2018 (E) 6 Introduction This standard identifies the requirements needed to specify, procure or develop a space power distribution based on Latching Current Limiters, both from source and load perspective. For a reference architecture description, it is possible to refer to ECSS-E-HB-20-20. ECSS-E-HB-20-20 includes a clarification of the principles of operation of a power distribution based on LCLs, identifies important issues related to LCLs and explains the requirements of the present standard. Note that the present issue of the standard covers electrical design and interface requirements for power distribution based on Latching Current Limiters only. Future issues of the present standard will cover additional power interfaces. SIST EN 16603-20-20:2018
EN 16603-20-20:2018 (E) 7 1 Scope The target applications covered by this standard are all missions traditionally provided with power distribution and protection by LCLs/RLCLs (science, earth observation, navigation) with exclusion of applications for which the power distribution and protection is provided by fuses (e.g. most of the GEO telecom satellites). The present standard applies to power distribution by LCLs/RLCLs for power systems, and in general for satellites, required to be Single Point Failure Free.
The present standard document applies exclusively to the main bus power distribution by LCLs/RLCLs to external satellite loads. A particular case of LCLs (Heater LCLs, or HLCLs) is also treated. The HLCLs are the protections elements of the power distribution to the thermal heaters in a spacecraft. Internal power system protections of LCLs/RLCLs are not covered. Paralleling of LCLs to increase power supply line reliability is not covered by the present standard, since this choice does not appreciably change the reliability of the overall function (i.e. LCL plus load). In fact, a typical reliability figure of the LCL (limited to the loss of its switch-on capability) is 20 FIT or less. If the load to be connected to the LCL line has a substantial higher failure rate than this, it is not necessary to duplicate the LCL to supply that load.
This standard may be tailored for the specific characteristic and constrains of a space project in conformance with ECSS-S-ST-00. SIST EN 16603-20-20:2018
EN 16603-20-20:2018 (E) 8 2 Normative references The following normative documents contain provisions which, through reference in this text, constitute provisions of this ECSS Standard. For dated references, subsequent amendments to, or revision of any of these publications do not apply. However, parties to agreements based on this ECSS Standard are encouraged to investigate the possibility of applying the more recent editions of the normative documents indicated below. For undated references, the latest edition of the publication referred to applies.
EN reference Reference in text Title EN 16601-00-01 ECSS-S-ST-00-01 ECSS system - Glossary of terms EN 16603-20 ECSS-E-ST-20 Space engineering - Electrical and electronic
SIST EN 16603-20-20:2018
EN 16603-20-20:2018 (E) 9 3 Terms, definitions and abbreviated terms 3.1 Terms from other standards a. For the purpose of this Standard, the terms and definitions from ECSS-S-ST-00-01 apply, in particular for the following terms: 1. redundancy 2. active redundancy 3. hot redundancy 4. cold redundancy 5. fault 6. fault tolerance 3.2 Terms specific to the present standard 3.2.1 centralised feature that serves a number of elementary functions in a system 3.2.2 current overshoot decay time maximum time constant decay time from current overshoot peak to actual limitation current after an overcurrent event, under the assumption that the decay time is modelled by an exponential law 3.2.3 current overshoot recovery time time needed for the to reduce from its maximum value to ±10 % of the excess current, at the application of an overload to the LCL/RLCL/HLCL NOTE 1 See Figure 3-1 and Figure 3-2.
NOTE 2 Excess current is intended as overshoot peak minus actual limitation current value.
3.2.4 fault condition
internal failure of one of the following devices: LCL, RLCL or HLCL NOTE
This definition is aimed at clarifying that the fault condition is not the one relevant to the load. SIST EN 16603-20-20:2018
EN 16603-20-20:2018 (E) 10 3.2.5 fault current emission maximum current emission of a given circuit at external interface under abnormal conditions NOTE
Abnormal in this context can cover fault condition or operator error. 3.2.6 fault current tolerance minimum abnormal interface current that a circuit can sustain without being damaged 3.2.7 fault voltage emission maximum voltage emission of a given circuit at external interface under abnormal conditions NOTE
Abnormal condition can cover fault condition or operator error. 3.2.8 fault voltage tolerance minimum abnormal interface voltage that a circuit can sustain without being damaged 3.2.9 feature part of a function to which a specific requirement refers 3.2.10 heater latching current limiter HLCL LCL used as protection element in a power distribution to satellite thermal heaters 3.2.11 input filter charge time time required for the LCL to charge the load input filter NOTE
See Figure 3-3. 3.2.12 input overshoot charge charge requested at the LCL/RLCL/HLCL input at the application of an overload, for current in excess of the actual limitation current NOTE
See Figure 3-1 and Figure 3-2. 3.2.13 latching current limiter LCL switchable and latching protection placed between a power source and the relevant load, causing a trip-off after having achieved at its output an overcurrent limitation for a definite trip-off time SIST EN 16603-20-20:2018
EN 16603-20-20:2018 (E) 11 3.2.14 LCL class maximum allowable current that can flow through the LCL itself, under given standard conditions NOTE
LCL classes are defined in Table 3-1. 3.2.15 LCL switch dissipative failure failure corresponding to an equivalent gate to drain short circuit on a MOSFET
NOTE
The voltage across is approximately 4 V to 5 V maximum. 3.2.16 nominal condition operative condition of the LCL/RLCL/HLCL, with no internal failure 3.2.17 repetitive overload overcurrent event that repeats for a number of cycles or indefinitely 3.2.18 retriggerable latching current limiter RLCL LCL that automatically attempts to switch ON when powered or after a retrigger interval when a trip-off event occurred 3.2.19 retriggerability characteristic of an RLCL protection to be able to restart automatically after being triggered 3.2.20 retrigger interval time duration in high impedance state of a RLCL after a permanent overcurrent event occurred and the relevant trip-off time elapsed NOTE 1 See Figure 3-4. NOTE 2 High impedance state is equivalent to OFF condition. 3.2.21 RLCL class maximum allowable current that can flow through the RLCL itself, under given standard conditions NOTE
RLCL classes are defined in Table 3-2. 3.2.22 sub-feature sub-part of a function to which a specific requirement refers 3.2.23 switch-on response time time needed to enable actual ON command reception, under specified conditions SIST EN 16603-20-20:2018
EN 16603-20-20:2018 (E) 12 3.2.24 UVP switch-off response time time to achieve UVP action in dynamical conditions, when under voltage excitation is achieved under standard conditions NOTE
The UVP action is the OFF of the relevant function.
3.2.25 time to current overshoot maximum time from max limitation current to actual current overshoot peak after an overcurrent event NOTE
See Figure 3-1 and Figure 3-2. 3.2.26 trip-off event occurring when a current protection latch flips and opens the protected distribution line after an overcurrent condition NOTE
To open a distribution line means to set the distribution line in high impedance status. 3.2.27 trip-off time time in between LCL crossing actual current limitation value and the trip-off event, in permanent overcurrent condition. NOTE
See Figure 3-1 and Figure 3-2. 3.2.28 undervoltage protection UVP protection that is triggered when the voltage provided to a function falls below a predefined threshold NOTE
LCL and RLCL are examples of functions for which UVP is activated. SIST EN 16603-20-20:2018
EN 16603-20-20:2018 (E) 13 Trip-off time Current OvershootLimitationCurrentNominal LCLcurrent (LCL Class)MaxActualMin{Time to Current OvershootExcessCurrent±10% of ExcessCurrentmaximum overshoot recovery timeCurrent OvershootDecay Timeovershoot charge Time Current Figure 3-1: LCL overload timing diagram (case 1) Tripoff time Current OvershootLimitationCurrentNominal LCLcurrent (LCL Class)MaxActualMin{Time to Current OvershootExcessCurrent±10% of ExcessCurrentmaximum overshoot recovery timeovershoot charge Time Current Figure 3-2: LCL overload timing diagram (case 2) NOTE
Figure 3-1 and Figure 3-2 show typical current diagrams expected when an LCL/RLCL/HLCL are subject to an overload. They can represent either the LCL/RLCL/HLCL input or output current. SIST EN 16603-20-20:2018
EN 16603-20-20:2018 (E) 14
Figure 3-3: Typical start-up current profile of a DC/DC converter attached to a LCL Trip-off time Current OvershootLimitationCurrentNominal LCL current (LCL Class)MaxActualMin{Retrigger interval TimeOverload
Current
Figure 3-4: RLCL overload timing diagram
LCL Current Limitation
Nominal load consumption
Input Filter Charge time Time
Current SIST EN 16603-20-20:2018
EN 16603-20-20:2018 (E) 15 Table 3-1: LCL classes
LCL class
LCL class Characteristic
1 2 3 4 5 6 8 10
1 2 3 4A 4B 5 6 8 10 Regulated Bus voltage [V]
28
50 Unregulated Bus voltage [V]
22 to 38
32 to 52 Class current [A]
1 2 3 4 5 6 8 10
1 2 3 4 4 5 6 8 10 Min limitation current [A]
1,1 2,2 3,3 4,4 5,5 6,6 8,8 11
1,1 2,2 3,3 4,4 4,4 5,5 6,6 8,8 11 Max limitation current [A]
1,4 2,8 4,2 5,6 7 8,4 11,2 14
1,4 2,8 4,2 5,6 5,6 7 8,4 11,2 14 Trip-off min [ms]
10 10 6 6 4 2 2 1,5
10 6 4 2 4 2 2 2 1,5 Trip-off max [ms]
20 20 12 12 8 4 4 3
20 12 8 4 8 4 4 4 3
Max load capacitance [µF]
Regulated bus
272 545 490 653 545 327 436 408
152 183 183 122 244 152 183 244 229 Unregulated bus
203 405 365 486 405 243 324 304
148 178 178 118 237 148 178 237 222
SIST EN 16603-20-20:2018
EN 16603-20-20:2018 (E) 16 Table 3-2: RLCL classes Characteristic
LCL class
LCL class
0,5 1 2A 2B
0,5 1A 1B 2 Regulated Bus voltage [V]
28
50 Unregulated Bus voltage [V]
22 to 38
32 to 52 Class current [A]
0,5 1 2 2
0,5 1 1 2 Min limitation current [A]
0,55 1,1 2,2 2,2
0,55 1,1 1,1 2,2 Max limitation current [A]
0,7 1,4 2,8 2,8
0,7 1,4 1,4 2,8 Trip-off min [ms]
10 10 4 10
10 4 6 4 Trip-off max [ms]
20 20 8 20
20 8 12 8
Max load capacitance [µF]
Regulated bus
136 272 218 545
76 61 91 122 Unregulated bus
101 203 162 405
74 59 89 118
SIST EN 16603-20-20:2018
EN 16603-20-20:2018 (E) 17 Table 3-3: HLCL classes
LCL class
LCL class Characteristic
1 2 3 4 5 6 8 10
1 2 3 4
5 6 8 10 Regulated Bus voltage [V]
28
50 Unregulated Bus voltage [V]
22 to 38
32 to 52 Class current [A]
1 2 3 4 5 6 8 10
1 2 3 4
5 6 8 10 Min limitation current [A]
1,1 2,2 3,3 4,4 5,5 6,6 8,8 11
1,1 2,2 3,3 4,4
5,5 6,6 8,8 11 Max limitation current [A]
1,4 2,8 4,2 5,6 7 8,4 11,2 14
1,4 2,8 4,2 5,6
7 8,4 11,2 14 Trip-off min [ms]
0,5 0,5 0,5 0,5 0,5 0,5 0,5 0,5
0,5 0,5 0,5 0,5
0,5 0,5 0,5 0,5 Trip-off max [ms]
2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2
2 2 2 2
2 2 2 2
Max parasitic capacitance [µF]
Regulated bus
1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1
1 1 1 1
1 1 1 1 Unregulated bus
1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1
1 1 1 1
1 1 1 1 SIST EN 16603-20-20:2018
EN 16603-20-20:2018 (E) 18 3.3 Abbreviated terms For the purpose of this Standard, the abbreviated terms from ECSS-S-ST-00-01 and the following apply:
Abbreviation Meaning EMC electromagnetic compatibility ESD electrostatic discharge FDIR failure detection, isolation and recovery FIT failure in time FMECA failure modes, effects, and criticality analysis HLCL heater latching current limiter LCL latching current limiter MB main bus PCDU power conditioning and distribution unit RLCL retriggerable latching current limiter SC short circuit SEE single event effect SSE space segment element SSS space segment subsystem UVP undervoltage protection
3.4 Nomenclature The following nomenclature applies throughout this document: a. The word “shall” is used in this Standard to express requirements. All the requirements are expressed with the word “shall”. b. The word “should” is used in this Standard to express recommendations. All the recommendations are expressed with the word “should”. NOTE
It is expected that, during tailoring, recommendations in this document are either converted into requirements or tailored out. c. The words “may” and “need not” are used in this Standard to express positive and negative permissions, respectively. All the positive permissions are expressed with the word “may”. All the negative permissions are expressed with the words “need not”. SIST EN 16603-20-20:2018
EN 16603-20-20:2018 (E) 19 d. The word “can” is used in this Standard to express capabilities or possibilities, and therefore, if not accompanied by one of the previous words, it implies descriptive text. NOTE
In ECSS “may” and “can” have completely different meanings: “may” is normative (permission), and “can” is descriptive. e. The present and past tenses are used in this Standard to express statements of fact, and therefore they imply descriptive text. SIST EN 16603-20-20:2018
EN 16603-20-20:2018 (E) 20 4 Principles 4.1 General The indicated requirements verification (see clause 5) identifies the overall applicable methods to confirm compliance to the requirements, without explicitly explaining how the verification is split at applicability level (equipment, SSE/SSS or SSE/SSS/equipment). The verification methods suggested for the verification of the requirements are listed in Annex A. 4.2 Standard assumptions a. The assumption for the maximum qualification temperature of the unit hosting the power distribution LCLs/RLCLs/HLCLs is 70 °C. b. The bus voltage time derivative at bus application or removal varies from 0 V/µs to 0,1 V/µs. SIST EN 16603-20-20:2018
EN 16603-20-20:2018 (E) 21 5 Requirements 5.1 Reference power bus specifications a. The power distribution by LCLs/RLCLs shall work nominally for applicable nominal DC bus voltage range, nominal bus ripple voltage and voltage transients according to Table 5-1.
NOTE
Nominally means “within the nominal functional and performance requirements”. b. The power distribution by LCLs/RLCLs shall survive for applicable abnormal DC bus voltage range and abnormal bus voltage transients according to Table 5-1. NOTE
A component is meant to survive if its rating is respected. c. The power distribution by LCLs/RLCLs for unregulated 28 V and 50 V bus cases shall work nominally for applicable abnormal DC bus voltage range according to Table 5-1. NOTE 1 The requirement 5.1c is explained by the same applicable minimum and maximum voltage limits both for nominal and abnormal (emission) DC bus voltage range for unregulated 28 V and 50 V bus cases. NOTE 2 Nominally means “within the nominal functional and performance requirements”. d. LCLs/RLCLs shall not trip off up to maximum abnormal DC bus voltage limits as per to Table 5-1, unless the application of such limits result in an overload. NOTE
The load short circuit in presence of abnormal DC bus voltage (fault tolerance) is not taken into account. SIST EN 16603-20-20:2018
EN 16603-20-20:2018 (E) 22 Table 5-1: Reference Power Bus Specifications Power Bus type : 28V regulated bus [V] 50V regulated bus [V] 28V unregulated bus [V] 50V unregulated bus [V] Nominal DC Bus Voltage Range at regulation point Min 28 -1 % 50 -1 % 22 32 Max 28 +1 % 50 +1 % 38 52 Nominal DC Bus Voltage Range at load side Min 28 -5 % 50 -5 % 22 38 Max 28 +1 % 50 +1 % 38 52 Abnormal DC Bus voltage range
Min 0 0 0 0 Max (fault tolerance) N/A N/A 40 55 Max (fault emission) 38 52 Nominal Bus ripple voltage Max According to
ECSS-E-ST-20 Up to ± 500
mVpp in the range of 30 Hz to 50 MHz Up to ± 500 mVpp in the range of 30 Hz to 50 MHz Nominal Bus voltage transients Max According to
ECSS-E-ST-20 ±1,4 V for load steps of 50 %, with dI/dt=1A/µs ±2,5 V for load steps of 50 %, with dI/dt=1A/µs Abnormal Bus voltage transients Max 0 to 34 max 0 to 60 max Within Power Bus abnormal DC limits
SIST EN 16603-20-20:2018
EN 16603-20-20:2018 (E) 23 5.2 Functional/Source interface requirements 5.2.1 LCL/HLCL class 5.2.1.1 LCL/HLCL class
5.2.1.1.1 Nominal condition a. The LCL class shall be selected among one shown in Table 3-1 and comply with related class performance. NOTE
The performance of the LCL classes can be achieved by using several MOSFETs in parallel. b. The HLCL class shall be selected among one shown in Table 3-3 and comply with related class performance. 5.2.2 RLCL class 5.2.2.1 RLCL class 5.2.2.1.1 Nominal condition a. The RLCL class shall be selected among one shown in Table 3-2 and comply with related class performance. NOTE
The performance of the LCL classes are typically achieved by using several MOSFET switches. 5.2.3 Current limitation section 5.2.3.1 Range 5.2.3.1.1 Nominal condition a. The LCL/RLCL/HLCL shall limit the output current between the minimum and maximum limitation values. 5.2.3.2 Switch element, position 5.2.3.2.1 Nominal condition a. For LCL/RLCL/HLCL, the switch element shall be on the hot main bus side. 5.2.3.3 Current sensing element, position 5.2.3.3.1 Nominal condition a. For LCL/RLCL/HLCL, the current sensor element shall be on the hot main bus side. SIST EN 16603-20-20:2018
EN 16603-20-20:2018 (E) 24 5.2.3.4 Current limitation, LCL rating 5.2.3.4.1 Nominal condition a. In current limitation mode, the LCL/HLCL components application shall respect the relevant rating limits.
5.2.3.5 Current limitation, RLCL derating 5.2.3.5.1 Nominal condition a. In current limitation mode, the RLCL components application shall respect the relevant derating limits. 5.2.4 Trip-off section 5.2.4.1 Range 5.2.4.1.1 Nominal condition a. In case the load current exceeds the relevant limit, the LCL/RLCL/HLCL shall switch-off within i
...
SLOVENSKI STANDARD
oSIST prEN 16603-20-20:2016
01-april-2016
9HVROMVNDWHKQLND=DKWHYHYPHVQLND]DHOHNWULþQRQDSDMDQMH
Space engineering - Interface requirements for electrical power
Raumfahrttechnik - Anforderungen an Schnittstellen für elektrische Leistung
Space engineering - Interface requirements for electrical power
Ta slovenski standard je istoveten z: prEN 16603-20-20
ICS:
49.140 Vesoljski sistemi in operacije Space systems and
operations
oSIST prEN 16603-20-20:2016 en,fr,de
2003-01.Slovenski inštitut za standardizacijo. Razmnoževanje celote ali delov tega standarda ni dovoljeno.
---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
oSIST prEN 16603-20-20:2016
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oSIST prEN 16603-20-20:2016
EUROPEAN STANDARD
DRAFT
prEN 16603-20-20
NORME EUROPÉENNE
EUROPÄISCHE NORM
February 2016
ICS 49.140
English version
Space engineering - Interface requirements for electrical
power
Space engineering - Interface requirements for Raumfahrtechnik - Anforderungen an Schnittstellen für
electrical power elektrische Leistung
This draft European Standard is submitted to CEN members for enquiry. It has been drawn up by the Technical Committee
CEN/CLC/TC 5.
If this draft becomes a European Standard, CEN and CENELEC members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal
Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this European Standard the status of a national standard without any
alteration.
This draft European Standard was established by CEN and CENELEC in three official versions (English, French, German). A
version in any other language made by translation under the responsibility of a CEN and CENELEC member into its own
language and notified to the CEN-CENELEC Management Centre has the same status as the official versions.
CEN and CENELEC members are the national standards bodies and national electrotechnical committees of Austria, Belgium,
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Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania,
Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey and United Kingdom.
Recipients of this draft are invited to submit, with their comments, notification of any relevant patent rights of which they are
aware and to provide supporting documentation.Recipients of this draft are invited to submit, with their comments, notification
of any relevant patent rights of which they are aware and to provide supporting documentation.
Warning : This document is not a European Standard. It is distributed for review and comments. It is subject to change without
notice and shall not be referred to as a European Standard.
CEN-CENELEC Management Centre:
Avenue Marnix 17, B-1000 Brussels
© 2016 CEN/CENELEC All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means Ref. No. prEN 16603-20-20:2016 E
reserved worldwide for CEN national Members and for
CENELEC Members.
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Table of contents
European foreword . 5
Introduction . 6
1 Scope . 7
2 Normative references. 8
3 Terms, definitions and abbreviated terms . 9
3.1 Terms from other standards . 9
3.2 Terms specific to the present standard . 9
3.3 Abbreviated terms. 16
3.4 Nomenclature . 16
4 Principles . 18
4.1 General . 18
4.2 Standard assumptions. 18
5 Requirements . 19
5.1 Reference power bus specifications. 19
5.2 Functional/Source IF requirements. 21
5.2.1 LCL class . 21
5.2.2 RLCL class . 21
5.2.3 Current limitation section . 21
5.2.4 Trip off section . 22
5.2.5 Under-voltage protection section . 22
5.2.6 Telecommand section feature. 22
5.2.7 Conditions at start-up/ switch off . 23
5.2.8 Telemetry section. 24
5.2.9 Repetitive overload . 25
5.2.10 Reverse current tolerance. 26
5.2.11 Parallel connection. 26
5.2.12 Switching options . 27
5.2.13 LCL/RLCL Switch dissipative failure . 28
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5.2.14 Loss of LCL/RLCL lines. 29
5.2.15 Noise immunity. 29
5.2.16 Output impedance envelope (when in limitation). 29
5.2.17 Noise immunity feature . 30
5.2.18 Output LCL/RLCL load (Input load characteristic) . 30
5.3 Functional/Load IF requirements . 30
5.3.1 Nominal feature. 30
5.3.2 Switch-on . 31
5.3.3 LCL/RLCL switch dissipative failure. 31
5.3.4 Load test condition . 32
5.3.5 User UV protection at bus input side . 32
5.4 Performance/Source IF requirements . 32
5.4.1 Overall requirements. 32
5.4.2 Start-up/Switch-off requirements. 33
5.4.3 UV protection . 34
5.4.4 Switch-on capability. 34
5.4.5 Voltage drop . 35
5.4.6 Stability. 35
5.4.7 Current Telemetry, accuracy . 36
5.4.8 Current Telemetry, offset . 36
5.4.9 Retrigger interval . 37
5.4.10 dI/dt limit on retrigger ON edge . 37
5.4.11 dI/dt limit on retrigger OFF edge . 37
5.5 Performance/Load IF Requirements. 38
5.5.1 Load reverse current . 38
5.5.2 Load characteristic . 38
5.5.3 Source-load characteristic . 38
5.5.4 Start-up surge I/P current . 39
5.5.5 Internal load Input current limitation . 39
Annex A (informative) Requirements mapping. 40
Bibliography . 51
Figures
Figure 3-1: LCL overload timing diagram .12
Figure 3-2: Typical start-up current profile of a DC/DC converter attached to a LCL .12
Figure 3-3: RLCL overload timing diagram .13
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Tables
Table 3-1: LCL classes .14
Table 3-2: RLCL classes .15
Table 5-1: Reference Power Bus Specifications .20
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European foreword
This document (prEN 16603-20-20:2016) has been prepared by Technical Committee CEN-
CENELEC/TC 5 “Space”, the secretariat of which is held by DIN.
This document (prEN 16603-20-20:2016) originates from ECSS-E-ST-20-20C DIR1.
This document is currently submitted to the CEN Enquiry.
This document has been developed to cover specifically space systems and will the-refore have
precedence over any EN covering the same scope but with a wider do-main of applicability (e.g. :
aerospace).
This document has been prepared under a mandate given to CEN by the European Commission and the
European Free Trade Association
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Introduction
This standard identifies the requirements needed to specify, procure or develop a
space power distribution based on Latching Current Limiters, both from source
and load perspective.
For a reference architecture description, it is possible to refer to ECSS-E-HB-20-20.
ECSS-E-HB-20-20 includes a clarification of the principles of operation of a power
distribution based on LCL’s, identifies important issues related to LCL’s and
explains the requirements of the present standard.
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1
Scope
The target applications covered by this standard are all missions traditionally
provided with power distribution and protection by LCLs/RLCLs (science, earth
observation, navigation) with exclusion of telecom applications which are
traditionally provided with power distribution and protection by fuses.
The present standard applies to power distribution by LCLs/RLCLs for power
systems, and in general for satellites, required to be Single Point Failure Free.
The present standard document applies exclusively to the main bus power
distribution by LCLs/RLCLs to external satellite loads.
Internal power system protections of LCLs/RLCLs are not covered.
Paralleling of LCLs to increase power supply line reliability is not covered by the
present standard, since this choice does not appreciably change the reliability of
the overall function (i.e. LCL plus load).
In fact, a typical reliability figure of the LCL (limited to the loss of its switch ON
capability) is 20 FIT or less.
If the load to be connected to the LCL line has a substantial higher failure rate than
this, it is not necessary to duplicate the LCL to supply that load.
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2
Normative references
The following normative documents contain provisions which, through reference
in this text, constitute provisions of this ECSS Standard. For dated references,
subsequent amendments to, or revision of any of these publications do not apply.
However, parties to agreements based on this ECSS Standard are encouraged to
investigate the possibility of applying the more recent editions of the normative
documents indicated below. For undated references, the latest edition of the
publication referred to applies.
EN reference Reference in text Title
EN 16601-00-01 ECSS-S-ST-00-01 ECSS system - Glossary of terms
EN 16603-20 ECSS-E-ST-20 Space engineering - Electrical and electronic
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3
Terms, definitions and abbreviated terms
3.1 Terms from other standards
a. For the purpose of this Standard, the terms and definitions from ECSS-S-ST-
00-01 apply, in particular for the following terms:
1. redundancy
2. active redundancy
3. hot redundancy
4. cold redundancy
5. fault
6. fault tolerance
3.2 Terms specific to the present standard
3.2.1 centralised
feature that serves a number of elementary functions in a system
3.2.2 current overshoot decay time
maximum time constant decay time from current overshoot peak to actual
limitation current after an over-current event, under the assumption that the
decay time is modelled by an exponential law
NOTE See Figure 3-1.
3.2.3 fault current emission
maximum current emission of a given circuit at external interface under abnormal
conditions
NOTE Abnormal in this context can cover fault condition
or operator error.
3.2.4 fault current tolerance
minimum abnormal interface current that a circuit can sustain indefinitely without
being damaged
3.2.5 fault voltage emission
maximum voltage emission of a given circuit at external interface under abnormal
conditions
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NOTE Abnormal condition can cover fault condition or
operator error.
3.2.6 fault voltage tolerance
minimum abnormal interface voltage that a circuit can sustain indefinitely without
being damaged
3.2.7 feature
part of a function to which a specific requirement refers
3.2.8 input filter charge time
time required for the LCL to charge the load input filter
NOTE See Figure 3-2.
3.2.9 latching current limiter (LCL)
switchable and latching protection placed between a power source and the
relevant load(s), causing a trip off after having achieved at its output an over-
current limitation for a definite trip-off time
3.2.10 LCL class
maximum allowable current that can flow through the LCL itself, under given
standard conditions
NOTE LCL classes are defined in Table 3-1.
3.2.11 LCL switch dissipative failure
failure corresponding to an equivalent gate to drain short circuit on a MOSFET
NOTE The voltage across is approximately 4V to 5V
maximum.
3.2.12 repetitive overload
over-current event that repeats for a number of cycles or indefinitely
3.2.13 retriggerable latching current limiter (RLCL)
LCL that automatically attempts to switch ON when powered or after a retrigger
interval when a trip off event occurred
3.2.14 retriggerability
characteristic of an RLCL protection to be able to restart automatically after being
triggered
3.2.15 retrigger interval
time duration in high impedance state (i.e. OFF condition) of a RLCL after an
permanent over-current event occurred and the relevant trip off time elapsed
NOTE See Figure 3-3.
3.2.16 RLCL class
maximum allowable current that can flow through the RLCL itself, under given
standard conditions
NOTE RLCL classes are defined in Table 3-2.
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3.2.17 sub-feature
sub-part of a function to which a specific requirement refers
NOTE
3.2.18 switch on capability
See “Switch on response time”.
3.2.19 switch on response time
time needed to enable actual ON command reception, under specified conditions
3.2.20 switch off response time (under voltage protection)
time to achieve UVP action in dynamical conditions, when under-voltage excitation
is achieved under standard conditions
NOTE The UVP action is the OFF of the relevant function.
3.2.21 time to current overshoot
maximum time from max limitation current to actual current overshoot peak after
an over-current event
NOTE See Figure 3-1.
3.2.22 trip off
event occurring when a current protection latch flips and opens the protected
distribution line after an over-current condition
NOTE To open a distribution line means to set the
distribution line in high impedance status.
3.2.23 trip off time
time in between LCL crossing actual current limitation value and the trip off event,
in permanent over-current condition.
NOTE See Figure 3-1.
3.2.24 under voltage protection
protection that is triggered when the voltage provided to a function falls below a
predefined threshold
NOTE LCL and RLCL are examples of functions for which
UVP is activated.
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Current Overshoot
Decay Time
Time to Current
Overshoot
Current
Overshoot
Max
Limitation
Actual
Current
{
Min
Nominal LCL
current (LCL Class)
LCL flip-
Trip-off time
flop status
ON
OFF
Minimum Trip-off time
Figure 3-1: LCL overload timing diagram
LCL Current
Limitation
Nominal load
consumption
Input
Filter Charge time
Figure 3-2: Typical start-up current profile of a DC/DC converter attached to a LCL
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Current
Current
Overshoot
Max
Limitation
Actual
Current
{
Min
Nominal LCL
current (LCL Class)
Time
Trip-off time
Retrigger interval
Overload
Figure 3-3: RLCL overload timing diagram
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Table 3-1: LCL classes
LCL class LCL class
Characteristic 1 2 3 4 5 6 8 10 1 2 3 4A 4B 5 6 8 10
Regulated Bus voltage [V] 28 50
Unregulated Bus voltage [V] 22 to 38 38 to 52
Class current [A] 1 2 3 4 5 6 8 10 1 2 3 4 4 5 6 8 10
Min limitation current [A] 1,1 2,2 3,3 4,4 5,5 6,6 8,8 11 1,1 2,2 3,3 4,4 4,4 5,5 6,6 8,8 11
Max limitation current [A] 1,4 2,8 4,2 5,6 7 8,4 11,2 14 1,4 2,8 4,2 5,6 5,6 7 8,4 11,2 14
Trip off min [ms] 10 10 6 6 4 2 2 1,5 10 6 4 2 4 2 2 2 1,5
Trip off max [ms] 20 20 12 12 8 4 4 3 20 12 8 4 8 4 4 4 3
Max load capacitance [µF]
Regulated bus 272 545 490 653 545 327 436 408 152 183 183 122 244 152 183 244 229
Unregulated bus 203 405 365 486 405 243 324 304 148 178 178 118 237 148 178 237 222
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Table 3-2: RLCL classes
Characteristic LCL class LCL class
0,5 1 2A 2B 0,5 1A 1B 2
Regulated Bus voltage [V] 28 50
Unregulated Bus voltage [V] 22 to 38 38 to 52
Class current [A] 0,5 1 2 2 0,5 1 1 2
Min limitation current [A] 0,55 1,1 2,2 2,2 0,55 1,1 1,1 2,2
Max limitation current [A] 0,7 1,4 2,8 2,8 0,7 1,4 1,4 2,8
Trip off min [ms] 10 10 4 10 10 4 6 4
Trip off max [ms] 20 20 8 20 20 8 12 8
Max load capacitance [µF]
Regulated bus 136 272 218 545 76 61 91 122
Unregulated bus 101 203 162 405 74 59 89 118
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3.3 Abbreviated terms
For the purpose of this Standard, the abbreviated terms from ECSS-S-ST-00-01 and
the following apply:
Abbreviation Meaning
electromagnetic compatibility
EMC
electrostatic discharge
ESD
failure detection, isolation and recovery
FDIR
failure in time
FIT
failure mode, effects, and criticality analysis
FMECA
interface
IF
input
I/P
latching current limiter
LCL
main bus
MB
output
O/P
power conditioning and distribution unit
PCDU
retriggerable latching current limiter
RLCL
short circuit
SC
single event effect
SEE
space segment element
SSE
space segment subsystem
SSS
under-voltage
UV
under-voltage protection
UVP
3.4 Nomenclature
The following nomenclature applies throughout this document:
a. The word “shall” is used in this Standard to express requirements. All the
requirements are expressed with the word “shall”.
b. The word “should” is used in this Standard to express recommendations. All
the recommendations are expressed with the word “should”.
NOTE It is expected that, during tailoring,
recommendations in this document are either
converted into requirements or tailored out.
c. The words “may” and “need not” are used in this Standard to express
positive and negative permissions, respectively. All the positive permissions
are expressed with the word “may”. All the negative permissions are
expressed with the words “need not”.
d. The word “can” is used in this Standard to express capabilities or
possibilities, and therefore, if not accompanied by one of the previous
words, it implies descriptive text.
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NOTE In ECSS “may” and “can” have completely
different meanings: “may” is normative
(permission), and “can” is descriptive.
e. The present and past tenses are used in this Standard to express statements
of fact, and therefore they imply descriptive text.
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4
Principles
4.1 General
The indicated requirements verification (see clause 5) identifies the overall
applicable methods to confirm compliance to the requirements, without explicitly
explaining how the verification is split at applicability level (equipment, SSE/SSS
or SSE/SSS/equipment). The verification methods suggested for the verification of
the requirements are listed in Annex A.
4.2 Standard assumptions
a. The assumption for the maximum qualification temperature of the unit
hosting the power distribution LCLs and RLCLs is 70 °C.
b. The bus voltage time derivative at bus application or removal varies from 0
V/µs to 0,1 V/ µs.
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5
Requirements
5.1 Reference power bus specifications
a. The power distribution by LCLs/RLCLs shall work nominally for applicable
nominal DC bus voltage range, nominal bus ripple voltage and voltage
transients according to Table 5-1.
NOTE Nominally means “within the nominal functional and
performance requirements”.
b. The power distribution by LCLs/RLCLs shall survive for applicable
abnormal DC bus voltage range and abnormal bus voltage transients
according to Table 5-1.
NOTE A component is meant to survive if its rating is
respected.
c. The power distribution by LCLs/RLCLs for unregulated 28V and 50V bus
cases shall work nominally for applicable abnormal DC bus voltage range
according to Table 5-1.
NOTE 1 The requirement 5.1c is explained by the same
applicable minimum and maximum voltage limits
both for nominal and abnormal (emission) DC
bus voltage range for unregulated 28 V and 50 V
bus cases.
NOTE 2 Nominally means “within the nominal functional
and performance requirements”.
d. LCLs/RLCLs shall not trip off up to maximum abnormal DC bus voltage
limits as per to Table 5-1, unless the application of such limits result in an
overload.
NOTE The load short circuit in presence of abnormal DC
bus voltage (fault tolerance) is not taken into
account.
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Table 5-1: Reference Power Bus Specifications
28V 50V
28V unregulated 50V unregulated
Power Bus type : regulated regulated
bus [V] bus [V]
bus [V] bus [V]
Nominal DC
Min 28 -1% 50 -1% 22 32
Bus Voltage
Range at
regulation
Max 28 +1% 50 +1% 38 52
point
Min 28 -5% 50 -5% 22 32
Nominal DC
Bus Voltage
Range at load
side
Max 28 +1% 50 +1% 38 52
Min 0 0
Max
40 55
Abnormal DC
(fault
N/A N/A
Bus voltage
tolerance)
range
Max
38 52
(fault
emission)
Up to ± 500 mVpp in Up to ± 500 mVpp in
According to
Nominal Bus
Max the range of 30 Hz to the range of 30 Hz to
ripple voltage
ECSS-E-ST-20
50 MHz. 50 MHz.
±1,4V for load steps ±2,5V for load steps
Nominal Bus
According to
of 50%, max 2ms of 50%, max 2ms
Max
voltage
duration, with duration, with
ECSS-E-ST-20
transients
dI/dt=1A/µs dI/dt=1A/µs
Abnormal Bus
voltage Max 0 to 34 max 0 to 60 max Within Power Bus abnormal DC limits
transients
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5.2 Functional/Source IF requirements
5.2.1 LCL class
5.2.1.1 LCL class
5.2.1.1.1 Nominal condition
a. The LCL class shall be selected among one shown in Table 3-1 and comply
with related class performance.
NOTE The performance of the LCL classes are typically
achieved by using several MOSFETS in parallel.
5.2.2 RLCL class
5.2.2.1 RLCL class
5.2.2.1.1 Nominal condition
a. The RLCL class shall be selected among one shown in Table 3-2 and comply
with related class performance.
NOTE The performance of the LCL classes are typically
achieved by using several MOSFETS in parallel.
5.2.3 Current limitation section
5.2.3.1 Range
5.2.3.1.1 Nominal and fault condition
a. The LCL/RLCL shall limit the output current between the minimum and
maximum limitation values.
5.2.3.2 Switch element, position
5.2.3.2.1 Nominal condition
a. For LCL/RLCL, the switch element shall be on the hot main bus side.
5.2.3.3 Current sensing element, position
5.2.3.3.1 Nominal condition
a. For LCL/RLCL, the current sensor shall be on the hot main bus side.
5.2.3.4 Current limitation, LCL rating
5.2.3.4.1 Fault condition
a. In current limitation mode, the LCL components application shall respect
the relevant rating limits.
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