SIST ISO 16092-2:2020
Machine tools safety - Presses - Part 2: Safety requirement for mechanical presses
Machine tools safety - Presses - Part 2: Safety requirement for mechanical presses
This document, in addition to ISO 16092-1, specifies technical safety requirements and measures to be adopted by persons undertaking the design, manufacture and supply of the following groups of mechanical presses and mechanical press production systems:
— Group 1: Presses with a part revolution clutch(es);
— Group 2: Presses with a servo drive system (Mechanical servo presses).
NOTE 1 Requirements in this document are essentially applicable to both groups of the mechanical press. If a requirement applies to only one group, then the group is specified.
NOTE 2 Other types of motorized drive systems provide similar functionalities to what is commonly called “servo drives” or "servo motors”, and as such their use is considered the same within the terms used in this document (e.g. variable frequency drive systems). The presses covered by this document range in size from small high-speed machines with a single operator producing small workpieces to large relatively slow-speed machines with several operators and large complex workpieces. This document deals with all significant hazards relevant to mechanical presses and ancillary devices (e.g. moving die cushions, work-piece ejectors, feeding and transfer systems) which are integral to the machine, when they are used as intended and under the conditions of misuse which are reasonably foreseeable by the manufacturer (see Clause 4). All phases of the machine life cycle as described in ISO 12100:2010, 5.4 have been taken into consideration.
NOTE 2 All significant hazards means those identified or associated with presses at the time of the publication
of this document.
In addition to machines not covered by ISO 16092-1:2017, this document does not cover machines which:
a) transmit energy to impart press slide motion by using hydraulic or pneumatic means;
b) have two or more slides moving in different angular orientations from each other;
NOTE 3 This document applies to presses which have two or more slides moving in the same angular orientations, e.g. a press which has inner and outer slides.
c) transmit energy to impart press slide motion by using a linear motor mechanism(s).
Werkzeugmaschinen Sicherheit - Pressen - Teil 2: Mechanische Pressen
Sécurité des machines-outils - Presses - Partie 2 : Exigences de sécurité pour les presses mécaniques
Le pr�sent document, appliqu� avec l'ISO 16092‑1, sp�cifie les exigences techniques de s�curit� et les dispositions que doivent respecter les personnes charg�es de la conception, de la construction et de la fourniture des groupes suivants de presses m�caniques et de syst�mes de production des presses m�caniques:
— Groupe 1: Presses � embrayage � friction;
— Groupe 2: Presses avec un syst�me de servo-entra�nement (servopresses m�caniques).
NOTE 1 Les exigences du pr�sent document s'appliquent essentiellement � ces deux groupes de presse m�canique. Lorsqu'une exigence ne s'applique qu'� un seul groupe, celui-ci est alors sp�cifi�.
NOTE 2 D'autres types de syst�mes d'entra�nement motoris�s offrent des fonctionnalit�s similaires � ce que l'on appelle commun�ment les �syst�mes de servo-entra�nement� ou �servomoteurs�, et leur utilisation est donc consid�r�e comme identique dans les termes utilis�s dans le pr�sent document (par exemple, les syst�mes d'entra�nement � fr�quence variable).
Les presses couvertes par le pr�sent document vont des petites machines � grande vitesse avec un seul op�rateur produisant de petites pi�ces aux grandes machines � vitesse relativement lente avec plusieurs op�rateurs et produisant de grandes pi�ces complexes.
Le pr�sent document traite de tous les ph�nom�nes dangereux significatifs applicables aux presses m�caniques et dispositifs auxiliaires (par exemple: les coussins mobiles, les �jecteurs de pi�ces et les syst�mes d'alimentation et de transfert) qui font partie int�grante de la machine, lorsqu'elles sont utilis�es normalement et dans les conditions de mauvais usage raisonnablement pr�visible par le fabricant (voir l'Article 4). Toutes les phases du cycle de vie de la machine, telles que d�crites dans l'ISO 12100:2010, 5.4 ont �t� prises en compte.
NOTE 2 L'expression �tous les ph�nom�nes dangereux significatifs� fait r�f�rence � ceux qui sont identifi�s ou associ�s aux presses au moment de la publication du pr�sent document.
Outre les machines non couvertes par l'ISO 16092‑1:2017, le pr�sent document ne couvre pas les machines qui:
a) transmettent de l'�nergie pour donner un mouvement du coulisseau de la presse en utilisant des moyens hydrauliques ou pneumatiques;
b) ont deux ou plusieurs coulisseaux mobiles dans diff�rentes positions angulaires les uns par rapport aux autres;
NOTE 3 Le pr�sent document s'applique aux presses qui ont deux ou plusieurs coulisseaux mobiles dans le m�me positionnement angulaire, par exemple, une presse qui a des coulisseaux int�rieurs et ext�rieurs.
c) transmettent de l'�nergie pour donner un mouvement du coulisseau de la presse en utilisant un ou des m�canisme(s) de moteur lin�aire(s).
Varnost obdelovalnih strojev - Stiskalnice - 2. del: Varnostna zahteva za mehanske stiskalnice
Ta dokument poleg standarda ISO 16092-1 določa tehnične varnostne zahteve in zaščitne ukrepe, ki jih morajo sprejeti osebe, ki se ukvarjajo s projektiranjem, proizvodnjo in dobavljanjem naslednjih skupin mehanskih stiskalnic ter sistemov proizvodnje mehanskih stiskalnic:
- Skupina 1: stiskalnice z delno vrtljivimi sklopkami;
- Skupina 2: stiskalnice s sistemom servo pogona (mehanske servo stiskalnice).
OPOMBA 1: Zahteve v tem dokumentu na splošno veljajo za obe skupini mehanskih stiskalnic. Če se zahteva uporablja samo za eno skupino, se skupina določi.
OPOMBA 2 Druge vrste sistemov z motornim pogonom ponujajo podobne funkcije kot sistemi, ki se običajno imenujejo »servo pogoni« ali »servo motorji«, zato se njihova uporaba šteje kot enaka v okviru izrazov, uporabljenih v tem dokumentu (npr. sistemi pogonov z variabilno frekvenco). Stiskalnice, ki jih zajema ta dokument, se po velikosti razlikujejo od majhnih, hitrih strojev, pri katerih en sam upravljavec proizvaja majhne obdelovance, do velikih, relativno počasnih strojev z več upravljavci in velikimi, kompleksnimi obdelovanci. Ta dokument opisuje vsa večja tveganja, relevantna za mehanske stiskalnice in pomožne naprave (npr. blazine za premične kocke, izmetala obdelovancev, sistemi za podajanje in prenos), ki so sestavni del stroja, kadar se uporabljajo v skladu z njihovim namenom in pod pogoji pričakovane nepravilne uporabe, ki jih določa proizvajalec (glej točko 4). Upoštevane so vse stopnje življenjskega cikla stroja, kot je opisano v točki 5.4. standarda ISO 12100:2010.
OPOMBA 2 Vsa večja tveganja pomenijo tista, ki so prepoznana ali povezana s stiskalnicami v času objave
tega dokumenta.
Poleg strojev, ki jih ne zajema standard ISO 16092-1:2017, ta dokument ne zajema strojev, ki:
a) prenašajo energijo za posredovanje drsnega gibanja stiskalnice na hidravličen ali pnevmatičen način;
b) imajo dve ali več drsnih ploskev, ki so medsebojno pod različnimi koti;
OPOMBA 3: Ta dokument se uporablja za stiskalnice, ki imajo dve ali več drsnih ploskev, ki se premikajo v isti kotni smeri, npr. stiskalnica, ki ima notranje in zunanje drsne plošče.
c) prenašajo energijo za posredovanje drsnega gibanja stiskalnice z linearnimi motornimi mehanizmi.
General Information
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Standards Content (Sample)
INTERNATIONAL ISO
STANDARD 16092-2
First edition
2019-10
Machine tools safety — Presses —
Part 2:
Safety requirement for mechanical
presses
Sécurité des machines-outils - Presses —
Partie 2: Exigences de sécurité pour les presses mécaniques
Reference number
ISO 16092-2:2019(E)
©
ISO 2019
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ISO 16092-2:2019(E)
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© ISO 2019
All rights reserved. Unless otherwise specified, or required in the context of its implementation, no part of this publication may
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Published in Switzerland
ii © ISO 2019 – All rights reserved
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ISO 16092-2:2019(E)
Contents Page
Foreword .v
Introduction .vi
1 Scope . 1
2 Normative references . 1
3 Terms and definitions . 2
4 List of significant hazards . 3
5 Safety requirements and/or measures . 3
5.1 General . 3
5.2 Basic design considerations . 3
5.2.1 Hydraulic and pneumatic systems — Common features . 3
5.2.2 Pneumatic systems . 3
5.2.3 Hydraulic systems . 4
5.2.4 Electric systems . 4
5.2.5 Mechanical brake . 4
5.2.6 Slide adjustment . . . 5
5.2.7 Slide counterbalance systems . 5
5.2.8 Operating valves and exhaust systems . 5
5.2.9 Additional requirements for Group 1 presses . 6
5.2.10 Additional requirements for Group 2 presses . 6
5.3 Mechanical hazards in the tools area . 6
5.3.1 Major danger zone . 6
5.3.2 Safeguarding measures . 6
5.3.3 Other safety requirements . 7
5.3.4 Release of trapped persons in the tools area . 7
5.3.5 Release of persons trapped inside enclosed areas . 7
5.3.6 Prevention of gravity fall during maintenance or repair . 7
5.4 Control and monitoring system . 8
5.4.1 Control and monitoring functions . 8
5.4.2 Muting .10
5.4.3 Selection devices .10
5.4.4 Position sensors.10
5.4.5 Control devices .11
5.4.6 Valves .11
5.4.7 Performance level of safety functions .12
5.4.8 Single stroke function/device .28
5.4.9 Stopping-performance (overrun) monitoring function/device .28
5.4.10 Additional requirements for Group 1 presses .28
5.4.11 Additional requirements for Group 2 presses .30
5.5 Tool-setting, trial strokes, maintenance and lubrication .30
5.5.1 INCH mode .30
5.5.2 Additional requirements for Group 1 presses .31
5.5.3 Additional requirements for Group 2 presses .31
5.6 Mechanical hazards — Other .32
5.7 Slips, trips and falls .32
5.8 Protection against other hazards .32
5.8.1 Hazards related to servo drive system .32
6 Verification of the safety requirements and/or measures .32
7 Information for use .37
7.1 General .37
7.2 Marking .37
7.3 Warnings .38
7.4 Instruction handbook .38
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ISO 16092-2:2019(E)
7.5 Stroke indication means .38
Annex A (informative) Significant hazards, hazardous situations and protective measures .39
Annex B (normative) Calculation of minimum distances .40
Annex C (informative) The setting of the rotary cam arrangement .44
Annex D (informative) Determination of the stopping time t for Group 1 presses .54
2
Bibliography .59
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ISO 16092-2:2019(E)
Foreword
ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards
bodies (ISO member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally carried out
through ISO technical committees. Each member body interested in a subject for which a technical
committee has been established has the right to be represented on that committee. International
organizations, governmental and non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work.
ISO collaborates closely with the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) on all matters of
electrotechnical standardization.
The procedures used to develop this document and those intended for its further maintenance are
described in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 1. In particular, the different approval criteria needed for the
different types of ISO documents should be noted. This document was drafted in accordance with the
editorial rules of the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2 (see www .iso .org/ directives).
Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of
patent rights. ISO shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. Details of
any patent rights identified during the development of the document will be in the Introduction and/or
on the ISO list of patent declarations received (see www .iso .org/ patents).
Any trade name used in this document is information given for the convenience of users and does not
constitute an endorsement.
For an explanation of the voluntary nature of standards, the meaning of ISO specific terms and
expressions related to conformity assessment, as well as information about ISO's adherence to the
World Trade Organization (WTO) principles in the Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) see www .iso .org/
iso/ foreword .html.
This document was prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 39, Machine tools, Subcommittee
SC 10, Safety.
Any feedback or questions on this document should be directed to the user’s national standards body. A
complete listing of these bodies can be found at www .iso .org/ members .html.
A list of all parts in the ISO 16092 series can be found on the ISO website.
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ISO 16092-2:2019(E)
Introduction
This document is a type-C standard as stated in ISO 12100.
This document is of relevance, in particular, for the following stakeholder groups representing the
market players with regard to machinery safety:
— machine manufacturers (small, medium and large enterprises);
— health and safety bodies (regulators, accident prevention organisations, market surveillance etc.)
Others can be affected by the level of machinery safety achieved with the means of the document by the
above-mentioned stakeholder groups:
— machine users/employers (small, medium and large enterprises);
— machine users/employees (e.g. trade unions, organizations for people with special needs);
— service providers, e. g. for maintenance (small, medium and large enterprises);
— consumers (in case of machinery intended for use by consumers).
The above-mentioned stakeholder groups have been given the possibility to participate at the drafting
process of this document.
The machinery concerned and the extent to which hazards, hazardous situations or hazardous events
are covered are indicated in the Scope of this document.
When requirements of this type-C standard are different from those which are stated in type-A or
type-B standards, the requirements of this type-C standard take precedence over the requirements of
the other standards for machines that have been designed and built according to the requirements of
this type-C standard.
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INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO 16092-2:2019(E)
Machine tools safety — Presses —
Part 2:
Safety requirement for mechanical presses
1 Scope
This document, in addition to ISO 16092-1, specifies technical safety requirements and measures to
be adopted by persons undertaking the design, manufacture and supply of the following groups of
mechanical presses and mechanical press production systems:
— Group 1: Presses with a part revolution clutch(es);
— Group 2: Presses with a servo drive system (Mechanical servo presses).
NOTE 1 Requirements in this document are essentially applicable to both groups of the mechanical press. If a
requirement applies to only one group, then the group is specified.
NOTE 2 Other types of motorized drive systems provide similar functionalities to what is commonly called
“servo drives” or "servo motors”, and as such their use is considered the same within the terms used in this
document (e.g. variable frequency drive systems).
The presses covered by this document range in size from small high-speed machines with a single
operator producing small workpieces to large relatively slow-speed machines with several operators
and large complex workpieces.
This document deals with all significant hazards relevant to mechanical presses and ancillary devices
(e.g. moving die cushions, work-piece ejectors, feeding and transfer systems) which are integral to the
machine, when they are used as intended and under the conditions of misuse which are reasonably
foreseeable by the manufacturer (see Clause 4). All phases of the machine life cycle as described in
ISO 12100:2010, 5.4 have been taken into consideration.
NOTE 2 All significant hazards means those identified or associated with presses at the time of the publication
of this document.
In addition to machines not covered by ISO 16092-1:2017, this document does not cover machines which:
a) transmit energy to impart press slide motion by using hydraulic or pneumatic means;
b) have two or more slides moving in different angular orientations from each other;
NOTE 3 This document applies to presses which have two or more slides moving in the same angular
orientations, e.g. a press which has inner and outer slides.
c) transmit energy to impart press slide motion by using a linear motor mechanism(s).
2 Normative references
The following documents are referred to in the text in such a way that some or all of their content
constitutes requirements of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For
undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies.
ISO 12100:2010, Safety of machinery — General principles for design — Risk assessment and risk reduction
ISO 13849-1:2015, Safety of machinery — Safety-related parts of control systems — Part 1: General
principles for design
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ISO 16092-2:2019(E)
ISO 13849-2:2012, Safety of machinery — Safety-related parts of control systems — Part 2: Validation
ISO 13855:2010, Safety of machinery — Positioning of safeguards with respect to the approach speeds of
parts of the human body
ISO 16092-1:2017, Machine tools safety — Presses — Part 1: General safety requirements
ISO 16092-3:2017, Machine tools safety — Presses — Part 3: Safety requirements for hydraulic presses
IEC 60204-1:2016, Safety of machinery — Electrical equipment of machines — Part 1: General requirements
IEC 61800-5-1:2007+A1: 2016, Adjustable speed electrical power drive systems — Part 5-1: Safety
requirements — Electrical, thermal and energy
IEC 61800-5-2:2016, Adjustable speed electrical power drive systems — Part 5-2: Safety requirements —
Functional
3 Terms and definitions
For the purposes of this document, the terms and definitions given in ISO 12100:2010, ISO 13849-1:2015,
ISO 16092-1:2017 and the following apply.
ISO and IEC maintain terminological databases for use in standardization at the following addresses:
— ISO Online browsing platform: available at https:// www .iso .org/ obp
— IEC Electropedia: available at http:// www .electropedia .org/
3.1
brake
mechanism for slowing, stopping and holding the slide/ram
3.2
mechanical brake
friction brake
brake (3.1) using dry or fluid friction
3.3
clutch
part revolution clutch
friction clutch
mechanism which engages or disengages the power transmission from the flywheel to the slide by
means of friction at any point in the cycle
3.4
moving direction monitoring
monitoring function which monitors the slide moving direction, directly or indirectly
3.5
standstill monitoring
monitoring function which monitors the slide position, directly or indirectly
3.6
stopping-performance (overrun) monitoring
monitoring function which monitors the slide stopping time, angle or braking distance
3.7
servo drive system
system which replaces the need for a clutch by directly connecting a servo motor to the transmission
system such as gear (motor reducer), timing belt drive mechanism, crank mechanism, mechanical link,
ball screw, harmonic drive reducer, etc.
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ISO 16092-2:2019(E)
3.8
protective stop
stop initiated by a protective measure
3.9
safe energized standstill
safety function preventing an unexpected movement of the slide of more than a defined amount from
the stopped position, with energy supplied to the servomotor(s) to resist to external forces, and without
actuation of the mechanical brake(s)
3.10
safe de-energized standstill
safety function preventing an unexpected movement of the slide by removing the energy supply to the
clutch, servomotor(s) and the mechanical brake(s)
3.11
safe stop
stop initiated by a monitoring function
3.12
safe torque off
STO
function which prevents force-producing power from being provided to the motor
3.13
worst case
condition of the press when it would be under foreseeably unfavourable situations e.g., the press slide is
in its most disadvantageous position, with a tool of maximum weight being used, etc.
4 List of significant hazards
This clause contains all the significant hazards, hazardous situations and events identified by risk
assessment as significant for the machines defined in the scope and which require a specific action to
eliminate or reduce the risk.
These hazards are listed in ISO 16092-1:2017, Annex A, and additional hazards are listed in Table A.1.
5 Safety requirements and/or measures
5.1 General
Mechanical presses shall comply with the safety requirements and/or protective/risk reduction
measures of this clause. In addition, the machine shall be designed according to the principles of
ISO 12100 for relevant but not significant hazards which are not dealt with by this document.
5.2 Basic design considerations
5.2.1 Hydraulic and pneumatic systems — Common features
ISO 16092-1:2017, 5.2.1, shall apply.
5.2.2 Pneumatic systems
ISO 16092-1:2017, 5.2.2, shall apply.
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ISO 16092-2:2019(E)
5.2.3 Hydraulic systems
ISO 16092-1:2017, 5.2.3, shall apply.
5.2.4 Electric systems
ISO 16092-1:2017, 5.2.4, shall apply.
5.2.5 Mechanical brake
5.2.5.1 All mechanical presses shall be equipped with at least one mechanical brake, which conforms
to the requirements from 5.2.5.2 to 5.2.5.4. The mechanical brake and its control system shall be designed
so that, in the event of failure of the pneumatic, hydraulic or electrical supply, the mechanical brake
engages immediately.
5.2.5.2 The mechanical brake shall be self-engaging by means of multiple spring assemblies of
a compression-type that requires power or force from an external source for disengagement. The
mechanical brake shall have sufficient capacity to stop and hold the slide and its attachments at any point
in the full stroke range of the press and function when the clutch is disengaged or the servomotor is de-
energized even if 50 % of the spring assemblies have failed.
5.2.5.3 The mechanical brake(s) shall be designed and constructed to ensure that:
a) all the springs are closely uniform in dimension, quality and rating;
b) the means of loading the springs are such that, when adjusted, the spring anchorages can be locked
to prevent slackening back;
c) the arrangements for spring housing and of guide pins are such as to minimize binding;
d) any heat generated which can cause a hazardous event is dissipated;
e) effective arrangements are adopted to prevent penetration of lubricants to the brake friction
surfaces, when this is not intended by the brake design;
f) any moisture, dust or lubricating oil, which breaks or corrodes packing material (e.g. gaskets and
seals), cannot influence the required function adversely, e.g. by obstructing a fluid channel or
otherwise affecting its efficiency;
g) the accumulation of dust, fluid or debris is minimized in areas likely to give rise to inefficient brake
performance and that broken or loose components does not cause brake fault.
In addition, where provision is necessary for redundancy and monitoring of the brake control system/
function (see Tables 1 and 2), in order to prevent any single fault from leading to the loss of the braking
function:
h) springs are provided as defined in ISO 13849-2:2012, Tables A.2, A.3 and A.5, so that any fault
which can occur in pressure coil springs is excluded;
i) all mechanical parts or elements are capable of providing the required rationales according to
ISO 13849-2:2012, Table A.4, so that any fault which can occur in mechanical elements is excluded;
j) the engagement and disengagement of the brake do not affect its safe function;
k) the brake is designed so that failure of a component (e.g. for power transmission or screws) does
not stress other components in such a way that rapid consequential dangerous failure is possible.
5.2.5.4 Band brake(s) shall not be used as a mechanical brake for this purpose of stopping the slide.
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ISO 16092-2:2019(E)
NOTE A band brake is a brake where a flexible band lined with friction material is arranged around the
circumference of a drum.
5.2.6 Slide adjustment
5.2.6.1 A means that is capable of supervisory control shall be provided to prevent the press from
cycling while the slide adjustment circuit is enabled and to prevent operating the slide adjustment motor
while the clutch is engaged for Group 1 presses or the servo motor is energized for Group 2 presses. This
requirement does not apply when the slide adjustment motor is operable only in automatic cycle and
with programmable control systems that compensate, e.g. tool wear during press operation.
5.2.6.2 The means of controlling the slide adjustment shall be clearly identified.
5.2.6.3 The up and down travel of the slide adjustment shall be limited; e.g. by limit switches, proximity
switches or encoders.
5.2.7 Slide counterbalance systems
5.2.7.1 If provided, mechanical spring counterbalance systems shall incorporate means to retain
system parts in the event of breakage and shall have the capability of holding the slide and its attachments
at mid-stroke without the brake applied.
5.2.7.2 If provided, pneumatic counterbalance cylinders shall incorporate means to retain the piston
and rod in case of breakage or loosening and shall have the capability of holding the slide and its
attachments at any point in the cycle without the brake applied.
5.2.8 Operating valves and exhaust systems
5.2.8.1 Operating valves and exhaust systems used with fluid valves for mechanical brake(s), clutch(es)
or combined clutch/brake unit(s) shall be designed to prevent deterioration of stopping performance in
the event of failure.
5.2.8.2 Operating valves shall be designed to ensure that, when in the non-operating position, leakage
past the inlet valve will escape sufficiently to prevent the build-up of pressure in mechanical brake(s),
clutch(es) or combined clutch/brake unit(s) operating cylinder.
5.2.8.3 Exhaust ports, piping between mechanical brake(s), clutch(es) or combined clutch/brake
unit(s), operating cylinders and valves, and exhaust systems used with clutch fluid valves shall be
designed to prevent the deterioration of stopping performance of the press. Precautions shall be taken
to ensure that the exhaust ports of operating valves are of adequate size to prevent residual pressure
in the cylinder. The valve shall be selected so that the pressure ratio between the mechanical brake(s),
clutch(es) or combined clutch/brake unit(s) is such that the residual pressure in the cylinder will not
become excessive in the event of a valve fault.
NOTE Normally, a ratio of at least 3,5 to 1 between the spring pressure in the brake and the residual pressure
in the cylinder is satisfactory.
5.2.8.4 If provided, manual override devices incorporated into operating valves shall be designed to
include a captive lid or cover which requires the use of a tool or key to open it.
NOTE A manual override device is intended to be used to actuate the valves when required (e.g. maintenance).
5.2.8.5 If provided, electrical manual override devices shall be key-operated and their operation shall
only be possible with the slide in BDC position, the motor off, and the flywheel stopped.
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ISO 16092-2:2019(E)
5.2.9 Additional requirements for Group 1 presses
The engagement and disengagement of the part revolution clutch (friction clutch) and the mechanical
brake shall not affect their safety function.
NOTE Combined clutch and brake units is a means to reduce the possibility of overlapping engagement.
The clutch and its control system shall be designed so that, in the event of the failure of a pneumatic,
hydraulic or electrical supply, the clutch is disengaged immediately.
The clutch shall be designed and constructed to ensure that:
a) any moisture, dust or lubricating oil, which breaks or corrodes packing material (e.g. gaskets and
seals), cannot influence the required function adversely, e.g. by obstructing a fluid channel or
otherwise affecting their efficiency;
b) any heat generated which can cause a hazard is dissipated. Clutches are of a capacity capable of
engaging and disengaging the stroke in the correct position, without excessive temperature rise,
under conditions
...
SLOVENSKI STANDARD
SIST ISO 16092-2:2020
01-marec-2020
Varnost obdelovalnih strojev - Stiskalnice - 2. del: Varnostna zahteva za mehanske
stiskalnice
Machine tools safety - Presses - Part 2: Safety requirement for mechanical presses
Werkzeugmaschinen Sicherheit - Pressen - Teil 2: Mechanische Pressen
Sécurité des machines-outils - Presses - Partie 2 : Exigences de sécurité pour les
presses mécaniques
Ta slovenski standard je istoveten z: ISO 16092-2:2019
ICS:
13.110 Varnost strojev Safety of machinery
25.120.10 Kovaški stroji. Stiskalnice. Forging equipment. Presses.
Škarje Shears
SIST ISO 16092-2:2020 en,fr,de
2003-01.Slovenski inštitut za standardizacijo. Razmnoževanje celote ali delov tega standarda ni dovoljeno.
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SIST ISO 16092-2:2020
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SIST ISO 16092-2:2020
INTERNATIONAL ISO
STANDARD 16092-2
First edition
2019-10
Machine tools safety — Presses —
Part 2:
Safety requirement for mechanical
presses
Sécurité des machines-outils - Presses —
Partie 2: Exigences de sécurité pour les presses mécaniques
Reference number
ISO 16092-2:2019(E)
©
ISO 2019
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SIST ISO 16092-2:2020
ISO 16092-2:2019(E)
COPYRIGHT PROTECTED DOCUMENT
© ISO 2019
All rights reserved. Unless otherwise specified, or required in the context of its implementation, no part of this publication may
be reproduced or utilized otherwise in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying, or posting
on the internet or an intranet, without prior written permission. Permission can be requested from either ISO at the address
below or ISO’s member body in the country of the requester.
ISO copyright office
CP 401 • Ch. de Blandonnet 8
CH-1214 Vernier, Geneva
Phone: +41 22 749 01 11
Fax: +41 22 749 09 47
Email: copyright@iso.org
Website: www.iso.org
Published in Switzerland
ii © ISO 2019 – All rights reserved
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SIST ISO 16092-2:2020
ISO 16092-2:2019(E)
Contents Page
Foreword .v
Introduction .vi
1 Scope . 1
2 Normative references . 1
3 Terms and definitions . 2
4 List of significant hazards . 3
5 Safety requirements and/or measures . 3
5.1 General . 3
5.2 Basic design considerations . 3
5.2.1 Hydraulic and pneumatic systems — Common features . 3
5.2.2 Pneumatic systems . 3
5.2.3 Hydraulic systems . 4
5.2.4 Electric systems . 4
5.2.5 Mechanical brake . 4
5.2.6 Slide adjustment . . . 5
5.2.7 Slide counterbalance systems . 5
5.2.8 Operating valves and exhaust systems . 5
5.2.9 Additional requirements for Group 1 presses . 6
5.2.10 Additional requirements for Group 2 presses . 6
5.3 Mechanical hazards in the tools area . 6
5.3.1 Major danger zone . 6
5.3.2 Safeguarding measures . 6
5.3.3 Other safety requirements . 7
5.3.4 Release of trapped persons in the tools area . 7
5.3.5 Release of persons trapped inside enclosed areas . 7
5.3.6 Prevention of gravity fall during maintenance or repair . 7
5.4 Control and monitoring system . 8
5.4.1 Control and monitoring functions . 8
5.4.2 Muting .10
5.4.3 Selection devices .10
5.4.4 Position sensors.10
5.4.5 Control devices .11
5.4.6 Valves .11
5.4.7 Performance level of safety functions .12
5.4.8 Single stroke function/device .28
5.4.9 Stopping-performance (overrun) monitoring function/device .28
5.4.10 Additional requirements for Group 1 presses .28
5.4.11 Additional requirements for Group 2 presses .30
5.5 Tool-setting, trial strokes, maintenance and lubrication .30
5.5.1 INCH mode .30
5.5.2 Additional requirements for Group 1 presses .31
5.5.3 Additional requirements for Group 2 presses .31
5.6 Mechanical hazards — Other .32
5.7 Slips, trips and falls .32
5.8 Protection against other hazards .32
5.8.1 Hazards related to servo drive system .32
6 Verification of the safety requirements and/or measures .32
7 Information for use .37
7.1 General .37
7.2 Marking .37
7.3 Warnings .38
7.4 Instruction handbook .38
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SIST ISO 16092-2:2020
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7.5 Stroke indication means .38
Annex A (informative) Significant hazards, hazardous situations and protective measures .39
Annex B (normative) Calculation of minimum distances .40
Annex C (informative) The setting of the rotary cam arrangement .44
Annex D (informative) Determination of the stopping time t for Group 1 presses .54
2
Bibliography .59
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SIST ISO 16092-2:2020
ISO 16092-2:2019(E)
Foreword
ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards
bodies (ISO member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally carried out
through ISO technical committees. Each member body interested in a subject for which a technical
committee has been established has the right to be represented on that committee. International
organizations, governmental and non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work.
ISO collaborates closely with the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) on all matters of
electrotechnical standardization.
The procedures used to develop this document and those intended for its further maintenance are
described in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 1. In particular, the different approval criteria needed for the
different types of ISO documents should be noted. This document was drafted in accordance with the
editorial rules of the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2 (see www .iso .org/ directives).
Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of
patent rights. ISO shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. Details of
any patent rights identified during the development of the document will be in the Introduction and/or
on the ISO list of patent declarations received (see www .iso .org/ patents).
Any trade name used in this document is information given for the convenience of users and does not
constitute an endorsement.
For an explanation of the voluntary nature of standards, the meaning of ISO specific terms and
expressions related to conformity assessment, as well as information about ISO's adherence to the
World Trade Organization (WTO) principles in the Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) see www .iso .org/
iso/ foreword .html.
This document was prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 39, Machine tools, Subcommittee
SC 10, Safety.
Any feedback or questions on this document should be directed to the user’s national standards body. A
complete listing of these bodies can be found at www .iso .org/ members .html.
A list of all parts in the ISO 16092 series can be found on the ISO website.
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SIST ISO 16092-2:2020
ISO 16092-2:2019(E)
Introduction
This document is a type-C standard as stated in ISO 12100.
This document is of relevance, in particular, for the following stakeholder groups representing the
market players with regard to machinery safety:
— machine manufacturers (small, medium and large enterprises);
— health and safety bodies (regulators, accident prevention organisations, market surveillance etc.)
Others can be affected by the level of machinery safety achieved with the means of the document by the
above-mentioned stakeholder groups:
— machine users/employers (small, medium and large enterprises);
— machine users/employees (e.g. trade unions, organizations for people with special needs);
— service providers, e. g. for maintenance (small, medium and large enterprises);
— consumers (in case of machinery intended for use by consumers).
The above-mentioned stakeholder groups have been given the possibility to participate at the drafting
process of this document.
The machinery concerned and the extent to which hazards, hazardous situations or hazardous events
are covered are indicated in the Scope of this document.
When requirements of this type-C standard are different from those which are stated in type-A or
type-B standards, the requirements of this type-C standard take precedence over the requirements of
the other standards for machines that have been designed and built according to the requirements of
this type-C standard.
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SIST ISO 16092-2:2020
INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO 16092-2:2019(E)
Machine tools safety — Presses —
Part 2:
Safety requirement for mechanical presses
1 Scope
This document, in addition to ISO 16092-1, specifies technical safety requirements and measures to
be adopted by persons undertaking the design, manufacture and supply of the following groups of
mechanical presses and mechanical press production systems:
— Group 1: Presses with a part revolution clutch(es);
— Group 2: Presses with a servo drive system (Mechanical servo presses).
NOTE 1 Requirements in this document are essentially applicable to both groups of the mechanical press. If a
requirement applies to only one group, then the group is specified.
NOTE 2 Other types of motorized drive systems provide similar functionalities to what is commonly called
“servo drives” or "servo motors”, and as such their use is considered the same within the terms used in this
document (e.g. variable frequency drive systems).
The presses covered by this document range in size from small high-speed machines with a single
operator producing small workpieces to large relatively slow-speed machines with several operators
and large complex workpieces.
This document deals with all significant hazards relevant to mechanical presses and ancillary devices
(e.g. moving die cushions, work-piece ejectors, feeding and transfer systems) which are integral to the
machine, when they are used as intended and under the conditions of misuse which are reasonably
foreseeable by the manufacturer (see Clause 4). All phases of the machine life cycle as described in
ISO 12100:2010, 5.4 have been taken into consideration.
NOTE 2 All significant hazards means those identified or associated with presses at the time of the publication
of this document.
In addition to machines not covered by ISO 16092-1:2017, this document does not cover machines which:
a) transmit energy to impart press slide motion by using hydraulic or pneumatic means;
b) have two or more slides moving in different angular orientations from each other;
NOTE 3 This document applies to presses which have two or more slides moving in the same angular
orientations, e.g. a press which has inner and outer slides.
c) transmit energy to impart press slide motion by using a linear motor mechanism(s).
2 Normative references
The following documents are referred to in the text in such a way that some or all of their content
constitutes requirements of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For
undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies.
ISO 12100:2010, Safety of machinery — General principles for design — Risk assessment and risk reduction
ISO 13849-1:2015, Safety of machinery — Safety-related parts of control systems — Part 1: General
principles for design
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SIST ISO 16092-2:2020
ISO 16092-2:2019(E)
ISO 13849-2:2012, Safety of machinery — Safety-related parts of control systems — Part 2: Validation
ISO 13855:2010, Safety of machinery — Positioning of safeguards with respect to the approach speeds of
parts of the human body
ISO 16092-1:2017, Machine tools safety — Presses — Part 1: General safety requirements
ISO 16092-3:2017, Machine tools safety — Presses — Part 3: Safety requirements for hydraulic presses
IEC 60204-1:2016, Safety of machinery — Electrical equipment of machines — Part 1: General requirements
IEC 61800-5-1:2007+A1: 2016, Adjustable speed electrical power drive systems — Part 5-1: Safety
requirements — Electrical, thermal and energy
IEC 61800-5-2:2016, Adjustable speed electrical power drive systems — Part 5-2: Safety requirements —
Functional
3 Terms and definitions
For the purposes of this document, the terms and definitions given in ISO 12100:2010, ISO 13849-1:2015,
ISO 16092-1:2017 and the following apply.
ISO and IEC maintain terminological databases for use in standardization at the following addresses:
— ISO Online browsing platform: available at https:// www .iso .org/ obp
— IEC Electropedia: available at http:// www .electropedia .org/
3.1
brake
mechanism for slowing, stopping and holding the slide/ram
3.2
mechanical brake
friction brake
brake (3.1) using dry or fluid friction
3.3
clutch
part revolution clutch
friction clutch
mechanism which engages or disengages the power transmission from the flywheel to the slide by
means of friction at any point in the cycle
3.4
moving direction monitoring
monitoring function which monitors the slide moving direction, directly or indirectly
3.5
standstill monitoring
monitoring function which monitors the slide position, directly or indirectly
3.6
stopping-performance (overrun) monitoring
monitoring function which monitors the slide stopping time, angle or braking distance
3.7
servo drive system
system which replaces the need for a clutch by directly connecting a servo motor to the transmission
system such as gear (motor reducer), timing belt drive mechanism, crank mechanism, mechanical link,
ball screw, harmonic drive reducer, etc.
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3.8
protective stop
stop initiated by a protective measure
3.9
safe energized standstill
safety function preventing an unexpected movement of the slide of more than a defined amount from
the stopped position, with energy supplied to the servomotor(s) to resist to external forces, and without
actuation of the mechanical brake(s)
3.10
safe de-energized standstill
safety function preventing an unexpected movement of the slide by removing the energy supply to the
clutch, servomotor(s) and the mechanical brake(s)
3.11
safe stop
stop initiated by a monitoring function
3.12
safe torque off
STO
function which prevents force-producing power from being provided to the motor
3.13
worst case
condition of the press when it would be under foreseeably unfavourable situations e.g., the press slide is
in its most disadvantageous position, with a tool of maximum weight being used, etc.
4 List of significant hazards
This clause contains all the significant hazards, hazardous situations and events identified by risk
assessment as significant for the machines defined in the scope and which require a specific action to
eliminate or reduce the risk.
These hazards are listed in ISO 16092-1:2017, Annex A, and additional hazards are listed in Table A.1.
5 Safety requirements and/or measures
5.1 General
Mechanical presses shall comply with the safety requirements and/or protective/risk reduction
measures of this clause. In addition, the machine shall be designed according to the principles of
ISO 12100 for relevant but not significant hazards which are not dealt with by this document.
5.2 Basic design considerations
5.2.1 Hydraulic and pneumatic systems — Common features
ISO 16092-1:2017, 5.2.1, shall apply.
5.2.2 Pneumatic systems
ISO 16092-1:2017, 5.2.2, shall apply.
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5.2.3 Hydraulic systems
ISO 16092-1:2017, 5.2.3, shall apply.
5.2.4 Electric systems
ISO 16092-1:2017, 5.2.4, shall apply.
5.2.5 Mechanical brake
5.2.5.1 All mechanical presses shall be equipped with at least one mechanical brake, which conforms
to the requirements from 5.2.5.2 to 5.2.5.4. The mechanical brake and its control system shall be designed
so that, in the event of failure of the pneumatic, hydraulic or electrical supply, the mechanical brake
engages immediately.
5.2.5.2 The mechanical brake shall be self-engaging by means of multiple spring assemblies of
a compression-type that requires power or force from an external source for disengagement. The
mechanical brake shall have sufficient capacity to stop and hold the slide and its attachments at any point
in the full stroke range of the press and function when the clutch is disengaged or the servomotor is de-
energized even if 50 % of the spring assemblies have failed.
5.2.5.3 The mechanical brake(s) shall be designed and constructed to ensure that:
a) all the springs are closely uniform in dimension, quality and rating;
b) the means of loading the springs are such that, when adjusted, the spring anchorages can be locked
to prevent slackening back;
c) the arrangements for spring housing and of guide pins are such as to minimize binding;
d) any heat generated which can cause a hazardous event is dissipated;
e) effective arrangements are adopted to prevent penetration of lubricants to the brake friction
surfaces, when this is not intended by the brake design;
f) any moisture, dust or lubricating oil, which breaks or corrodes packing material (e.g. gaskets and
seals), cannot influence the required function adversely, e.g. by obstructing a fluid channel or
otherwise affecting its efficiency;
g) the accumulation of dust, fluid or debris is minimized in areas likely to give rise to inefficient brake
performance and that broken or loose components does not cause brake fault.
In addition, where provision is necessary for redundancy and monitoring of the brake control system/
function (see Tables 1 and 2), in order to prevent any single fault from leading to the loss of the braking
function:
h) springs are provided as defined in ISO 13849-2:2012, Tables A.2, A.3 and A.5, so that any fault
which can occur in pressure coil springs is excluded;
i) all mechanical parts or elements are capable of providing the required rationales according to
ISO 13849-2:2012, Table A.4, so that any fault which can occur in mechanical elements is excluded;
j) the engagement and disengagement of the brake do not affect its safe function;
k) the brake is designed so that failure of a component (e.g. for power transmission or screws) does
not stress other components in such a way that rapid consequential dangerous failure is possible.
5.2.5.4 Band brake(s) shall not be used as a mechanical brake for this purpose of stopping the slide.
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NOTE A band brake is a brake where a flexible band lined with friction material is arranged around the
circumference of a drum.
5.2.6 Slide adjustment
5.2.6.1 A means that is capable of supervisory control shall be provided to prevent the press from
cycling while the slide adjustment circuit is enabled and to prevent operating the slide adjustment motor
while the clutch is engaged for Group 1 presses or the servo motor is energized for Group 2 presses. This
requirement does not apply when the slide adjustment motor is operable only in automatic cycle and
with programmable control systems that compensate, e.g. tool wear during press operation.
5.2.6.2 The means of controlling the slide adjustment shall be clearly identified.
5.2.6.3 The up and down travel of the slide adjustment shall be limited; e.g. by limit switches, proximity
switches or encoders.
5.2.7 Slide counterbalance systems
5.2.7.1 If provided, mechanical spring counterbalance systems shall incorporate means to retain
system parts in the event of breakage and shall have the capability of holding the slide and its attachments
at mid-stroke without the brake applied.
5.2.7.2 If provided, pneumatic counterbalance cylinders shall incorporate means to retain the piston
and rod in case of breakage or loosening and shall have the capability of holding the slide and its
attachments at any point in the cycle without the brake applied.
5.2.8 Operating valves and exhaust systems
5.2.8.1 Operating valves and exhaust systems used with fluid valves for mechanical brake(s), clutch(es)
or combined clutch/brake unit(s) shall be designed to prevent deterioration of stopping performance in
the event of failure.
5.2.8.2 Operating valves shall be designed to ensure that, when in the non-operating position, leakage
past the inlet valve will escape sufficiently to prevent the build-up of pressure in mechanical brake(s),
clutch(es) or combined clutch/brake unit(s) operating cylinder.
5.2.8.3 Exhaust ports, piping between mechanical brake(s), clutch(es) or combined clutch/brake
unit(s), operating cylinders and valves, and exhaust systems used with clutch fluid valves shall be
designed to prevent the deterioration of stopping performance of the press. Precautions shall be taken
to ensure that the exhaust ports of operating valves are of adequate size to prevent residual pressure
in the cylinder. The valve shall be selected so that the pressure ratio between the mechanical brake(s),
clutch(es) or combined clutch/brake unit(s) is such that the residual pressure in the cylinder will not
become excessive in the event of a valve fault.
NOTE Normally, a ratio of at least 3,5 to 1 between the spring pressure in the brake and the residual pressure
in the cylinder is satisfactory.
5.2.8.4 If provided, manual override devices incorporated into operating valves shall be designed to
include a captive lid or cover which requires the use of a tool or key to open it.
NOTE A manual override device is intended to be used to actuate the valves when required (e.g. maintenance).
5.2.8.5 If provided, electrical manual override devices shall be key-operated and their operation shall
only be possible with the slide in BDC position, the motor off, and the flywheel sto
...
NORME ISO
INTERNATIONALE 16092-2
Première édition
2019-10
Sécurité des machines-outils -
Presses —
Partie 2:
Exigences de sécurité pour les presses
mécaniques
Machine tools safety — Presses —
Part 2: Safety requirement for mechanical presses
Numéro de référence
ISO 16092-2:2019(F)
©
ISO 2019
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ISO 16092-2:2019(F)
DOCUMENT PROTÉGÉ PAR COPYRIGHT
© ISO 2019
Tous droits réservés. Sauf prescription différente ou nécessité dans le contexte de sa mise en œuvre, aucune partie de cette
publication ne peut être reproduite ni utilisée sous quelque forme que ce soit et par aucun procédé, électronique ou mécanique,
y compris la photocopie, ou la diffusion sur l’internet ou sur un intranet, sans autorisation écrite préalable. Une autorisation peut
être demandée à l’ISO à l’adresse ci-après ou au comité membre de l’ISO dans le pays du demandeur.
ISO copyright office
Case postale 401 • Ch. de Blandonnet 8
CH-1214 Vernier, Genève
Tél.: +41 22 749 01 11
Fax: +41 22 749 09 47
E-mail: copyright@iso.org
Web: www.iso.org
Publié en Suisse
ii © ISO 2019 – Tous droits réservés
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ISO 16092-2:2019(F)
Sommaire Page
Avant-propos .v
Introduction .vi
1 Domaine d'application . 1
2 Références normatives . 2
3 Termes et définitions . 2
4 Liste des phénomènes dangereux significatifs . 3
5 Exigences et/ou mesures de sécurité . 4
5.1 Généralités . 4
5.2 Considérations essentielles relatives à la conception . 4
5.2.1 Systèmes hydrauliques et pneumatiques — Caractéristiques communes . 4
5.2.2 Systèmes pneumatiques . 4
5.2.3 Systèmes hydrauliques . 4
5.2.4 Systèmes électriques . 4
5.2.5 Frein mécanique . 4
5.2.6 Réglage du coulisseau . . 5
5.2.7 Systèmes d'équilibrage du coulisseau . 5
5.2.8 Vannes de commande et systèmes d'échappement. 6
5.2.9 Exigences supplémentaires pour les presses du Groupe 1 . 6
5.2.10 Exigences supplémentaires pour les presses du Groupe 2 . 7
5.3 Risques mécaniques dans la zone des outils . 7
5.3.1 Zone dangereuse principale . 7
5.3.2 Mesures de protection . 7
5.3.3 Autres exigences de sécurité . 7
5.3.4 Libération des personnes emprisonnées dans la zone des outils . 7
5.3.5 Libération des personnes emprisonnées à l'intérieur de zones confinées . 7
5.3.6 Prévention des chutes sous l'effet de la pesanteur pendant la maintenance
et les réparations . 8
5.4 Système de commande et d'auto-surveillance . 9
5.4.1 Fonctions de commande et d'auto-surveillance . 9
5.4.2 Inhibition .11
5.4.3 Dispositifs de sélection .11
5.4.4 Capteurs de position .11
5.4.5 Dispositifs de commande .12
5.4.6 Vannes .12
5.4.7 Niveau de performance des fonctions de sécurité .13
5.4.8 Fonction/dispositif de non répétition de cycle.32
5.4.9 Fonction/dispositif de surveillance de la performance d'arrêt (surcourse) .32
5.4.10 Exigences supplémentaires pour les presses du Groupe 1 .32
5.4.11 Exigences supplémentaires pour les presses du Groupe 2 .34
5.5 Réglage des outils, coups d'essai, maintenance et lubrification .34
5.5.1 Mode MARCHE PAR À-COUPS .34
5.5.2 Exigences supplémentaires pour les presses du Groupe 1 .35
5.5.3 Exigences supplémentaires pour les presses du Groupe 2 .35
5.6 Autres risques mécaniques .36
5.7 Glissades, pertes d'équilibre et chutes .36
5.8 Protection contre les autres risques .36
5.8.1 Phénomènes dangereux liés au système de servo-entraînement .36
6 Vérification des exigences et/ou mesures de sécurité .36
7 Information pour l'utilisation .41
7.1 Généralités .41
7.2 Marquage .41
7.3 Avertissements .41
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ISO 16092-2:2019(F)
7.4 Notice d'instructions .42
7.5 Moyens d'indication de course.42
Annexe A (Informative) Phénomènes dangereux significatifs, situations dangereuses et
mesures de prévention .43
Annexe B (normative) Calcul des distances minimales de sécurité .44
Annexe C (informative) Réglage de la disposition des cames rotatives .48
Annexe D (informative) Détermination du temps d'arrêt t pour les presses du Groupe 1 .58
2
Bibliographie .63
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ISO 16092-2:2019(F)
Avant-propos
L'ISO (Organisation internationale de normalisation) est une fédération mondiale d'organismes
nationaux de normalisation (comités membres de l'ISO). L'élaboration des Normes internationales est
en général confiée aux comités techniques de l'ISO. Chaque comité membre intéressé par une étude
a le droit de faire partie du comité technique créé à cet effet. Les organisations internationales,
gouvernementales et non gouvernementales, en liaison avec l'ISO participent également aux travaux.
L'ISO collabore étroitement avec la Commission électrotechnique internationale (IEC) en ce qui
concerne la normalisation électrotechnique.
Les procédures utilisées pour élaborer le présent document et celles destinées à sa mise à jour sont
décrites dans les Directives ISO/IEC, Partie 1. Il convient, en particulier de prendre note des différents
critères d'approbation requis pour les différents types de documents ISO. Le présent document a été
rédigé conformément aux règles de rédaction données dans les Directives ISO/IEC, Partie 2 (voir www
.iso .org/ directives).
L'attention est attirée sur le fait que certains des éléments du présent document peuvent faire l'objet de
droits de propriété intellectuelle ou de droits analogues. L'ISO ne saurait être tenue pour responsable
de ne pas avoir identifié de tels droits de propriété et averti de leur existence. Les détails concernant
les références aux droits de propriété intellectuelle ou autres droits analogues identifiés lors de
l'élaboration du document sont indiqués dans l'Introduction et/ou dans la liste des déclarations de
brevets reçues par l'ISO (voir www .iso .org/ brevets).
Les appellations commerciales éventuellement mentionnées dans le présent document sont données
pour information, par souci de commodité, à l’intention des utilisateurs et ne sauraient constituer un
engagement.
Pour une explication de la nature volontaire des normes, la signification des termes et expressions
spécifiques de l'ISO liés à l'évaluation de la conformité, ou pour toute information au sujet de l'adhésion
de l'ISO aux principes de l’Organisation mondiale du commerce (OMC) concernant les obstacles
techniques au commerce (OTC), voir www .iso .org/ avant -propos.
Le présent document a été élaboré par le comité technique ISO/TC 39, Machines-outils, sous-comité
SC 10, Sécurité.
Il convient que l’utilisateur adresse tout retour d’information ou toute question concernant le présent
document à l’organisme national de normalisation de son pays. Une liste exhaustive desdits organismes
se trouve à l’adresse www .iso .org/ members .html
Une liste de toutes les parties de la série ISO 16092 se trouve sur le site Web de l’ISO.
© ISO 2019 – Tous droits réservés v
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ISO 16092-2:2019(F)
Introduction
Le présent document est une norme de type C tel que mentionné dans l’ISO 12100.
Le présent document concerne, en particulier, les groupes de parties prenantes suivants, représentant
les acteurs du marché dans le domaine de la sécurité des machines:
— fabricants de machines (petites, moyennes et grandes entreprises);
— organismes de santé et de sécurité (autorités réglementaires, organismes de prévention des risques
professionnels, surveillance du marché, etc.).
D'autres partenaires peuvent être concernés par le niveau de sécurité des machines atteint à l'aide du
document par les groupes de parties prenantes mentionnés ci-dessus:
— utilisateurs de machines/employeurs (petites, moyennes et grandes entreprises);
— utilisateurs de machines/salariés (par exemple: syndicats de salariés, organisations représentant
des personnes ayant des besoins particuliers);
— prestataires de services, par exemple, pour la maintenance (petites, moyennes et grandes
entreprises);
— consommateurs (dans le cas de machines destinées à être utilisées par des consommateurs).
Les groupes de parties prenantes mentionnés ci-dessus ont eu la possibilité de participer à l'élaboration
du présent document.
Les machines concernées et l'étendue des phénomènes, situations et événements dangereux couverts
sont indiqués dans le domaine d'application du présent document.
Lorsque des exigences de la présente norme de type C sont différentes de celles énoncées dans les
normes de type A ou les normes de type B, les exigences de la présente norme de type C ont priorité
sur celles des autres normes pour les machines ayant été conçues et fabriquées conformément aux
exigences de la présente norme de type C.
vi © ISO 2019 – Tous droits réservés
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NORME INTERNATIONALE ISO 16092-2:2019(F)
Sécurité des machines-outils - Presses —
Partie 2:
Exigences de sécurité pour les presses mécaniques
1 Domaine d'application
Le présent document, appliqué avec l'ISO 16092-1, spécifie les exigences techniques de sécurité et les
dispositions que doivent respecter les personnes chargées de la conception, de la construction et de
la fourniture des groupes suivants de presses mécaniques et de systèmes de production des presses
mécaniques:
— Groupe 1: Presses à embrayage à friction;
— Groupe 2: Presses avec un système de servo-entraînement (servopresses mécaniques).
NOTE 1 Les exigences du présent document s'appliquent essentiellement à ces deux groupes de presse
mécanique. Lorsqu'une exigence ne s'applique qu'à un seul groupe, celui-ci est alors spécifié.
NOTE 2 D'autres types de systèmes d'entraînement motorisés offrent des fonctionnalités similaires à ce que
l'on appelle communément les «systèmes de servo-entraînement» ou «servomoteurs», et leur utilisation est
donc considérée comme identique dans les termes utilisés dans le présent document (par exemple, les systèmes
d’entraînement à fréquence variable).
Les presses couvertes par le présent document vont des petites machines à grande vitesse avec un
seul opérateur produisant de petites pièces aux grandes machines à vitesse relativement lente avec
plusieurs opérateurs et produisant de grandes pièces complexes.
Le présent document traite de tous les phénomènes dangereux significatifs applicables aux presses
mécaniques et dispositifs auxiliaires (par exemple: les coussins mobiles, les éjecteurs de pièces et
les systèmes d'alimentation et de transfert) qui font partie intégrante de la machine, lorsqu'elles
sont utilisées normalement et dans les conditions de mauvais usage raisonnablement prévisible par
le fabricant (voir l'Article 4). Toutes les phases du cycle de vie de la machine, telles que décrites dans
l'ISO 12100:2010, 5.4 ont été prises en compte.
NOTE 2 L'expression «tous les phénomènes dangereux significatifs» fait référence à ceux qui sont identifiés ou
associés aux presses au moment de la publication du présent document.
Outre les machines non couvertes par l’ISO 16092-1:2017, le présent document ne couvre pas les
machines qui:
a) transmettent de l'énergie pour donner un mouvement du coulisseau de la presse en utilisant des
moyens hydrauliques ou pneumatiques;
b) ont deux ou plusieurs coulisseaux mobiles dans différentes positions angulaires les uns par rapport
aux autres;
NOTE 3 Le présent document s'applique aux presses qui ont deux ou plusieurs coulisseaux mobiles dans
le même positionnement angulaire, par exemple, une presse qui a des coulisseaux intérieurs et extérieurs.
c) transmettent de l'énergie pour donner un mouvement du coulisseau de la presse en utilisant un ou
des mécanisme(s) de moteur linéaire(s).
© ISO 2019 – Tous droits réservés 1
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ISO 16092-2:2019(F)
2 Références normatives
Les documents suivants sont cités dans le texte de sorte qu’ils constituent, pour tout ou partie de leur
contenu, des exigences du présent document. Pour les références datées, seule l’édition citée s’applique.
Pour les références non datées, la dernière édition du document de référence s'applique (y compris les
éventuels amendements).
ISO 12100:2010, Sécurité des machines — Principes généraux de conception — Appréciation du risque et
réduction du risque
ISO 13849-1:2015, Sécurité des machines — Parties des systèmes de commande relatives à la sécurité —
Partie 1: Principes généraux de conception
ISO 13849-2:2012, Sécurité des machines — Parties des systèmes de commande relatives à la sécurité —
Partie 2: Validation
ISO 13855:2010, Sécurité des machines — Positionnement des moyens de protection par rapport à la
vitesse d'approche des parties du corps
ISO 16092-1:2017, Sécurité des machines-outils — Presses — Partie 1: Exigences générales de sécurité
ISO 16092-3:2017, Sécurité des machines-outils — Presses — Partie 3: Exigences de sécurité pour les
presses hydrauliques
IEC 60204-1:2016, Sécurité des machines — Équipement électrique des machines — Partie 1: Règles
générales
I EC 618 0 0 -5 -1:20 07+A 1: 2016 , Entraînements électriques de puissance à vitesse variable — Partie 5-1:
Exigences de sécurité — Électrique, thermique et énergétique
IEC 61800-5-2:2016, Entraînements électriques de puissance à vitesse variable — Partie 5-2: Exigences de
sécurité — Fonctionnelle
3 Termes et définitions
Pour les besoins du présent document, les termes et définitions de l'ISO 12100:2010, l'ISO 13849-1:2015,
l'ISO 16092-1:2017 ainsi que les suivants s'appliquent.
L'ISO et l'IEC tiennent à jour des bases de données terminologiques destinées à être utilisées en
normalisation, consultables aux adresses suivantes:
— ISO Online browsing platform: disponible à l’adresse https:// www .iso .org/ obp
— IEC Electropedia: disponible à l’adresse http:// www .electropedia .org/
3.1
frein
mécanisme de ralentissement, d'arrêt et de maintien du coulisseau/piston
3.2
frein mécanique
frein à friction
frein (3.1) par frottement à sec ou par frottement de fluide
3.3
embrayage
embrayage à friction
mécanisme qui engage ou désengage la transmission d'énergie du volant au coulisseau par frottement,
à tout moment du cycle
2 © ISO 2019 – Tous droits réservés
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ISO 16092-2:2019(F)
3.4
surveillance du sens de déplacement
fonction de surveillance contrôlant le sens de déplacement du coulisseau, directement ou indirectement
3.5
surveillance de maintien à l’arrêt
fonction de surveillance contrôlant l'emplacement du coulisseau, directement ou indirectement
3.6
surveillance de la performance d'arrêt (surcourse)
fonction de surveillance de la performance d'arrêt (surcourse) contrôlant le temps d'arrêt du coulisseau,
l'angle ou la distance de freinage
3.7
système de servo-entraînement
système remplaçant le besoin d'un embrayage en connectant directement un servomoteur au système
de transmission tel qu'un engrenage (motoréducteur), un mécanisme d'entraînement par courroie
synchrone, un mécanisme à vilebrequin, une liaison mécanique, une vis à billes, un réducteur
d'entraînement harmonique, etc
3.8
arrêt de protection
arrêt déclenché par un dispositif de protection
3.9
maintien à l’arrêt sûr sous énergie
fonction de sécurité empêchant un mouvement inopiné du coulisseau de plus d'une quantité définie à
partir de la position arrêtée, avec fourniture d'énergie au(x) servomoteur(s) pour résister aux forces
extérieures, et sans activation du ou des frein(s) mécanique(s)
3.10
maintien à l’arrêt sûr hors énergie
fonction de sécurité empêchant un mouvement inopiné du coulisseau en coupant l'alimentation en
énergie de l’embrayage, aux servomoteur(s) et aux frein(s) mécanique(s)
3.11
arrêt de sécurité
arrêt déclenché par une fonction de surveillance
3.12
suppression sûre de couple
STO
fonction qui assure qu'aucune énergie n'est appliquée au moteur
3.13
cas le plus défavorable
état de la presse lorsqu'elle se trouve dans des situations défavorables prévisibles, par exemple, le
coulisseau de la presse a sa position la plus défavorable, avec un outil de poids maximum qui est utilisé, etc
4 Liste des phénomènes dangereux significatifs
Le présent article contient tous les phénomènes dangereux significatifs, les situations dangereuses et
les événements dangereux identifiés par une appréciation du risque comme étant significatifs pour les
machines définies dans le domaine d'application et nécessitant une action spécifique pour éliminer ou
réduire le risque.
Ces phénomènes dangereux sont énumérés dans l'ISO 16092-1:2017, Annexe A, et les phénomènes
dangereux supplémentaires sont énumérés au Tableau A.1.
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ISO 16092-2:2019(F)
5 Exigences et/ou mesures de sécurité
5.1 Généralités
Les presses mécaniques doivent se conformer aux exigences de sécurité et/ou aux mesures de
protection/de réduction du risque du présent article. De plus, ces machines doivent être conçues suivant
les principes de l'ISO 12100 pour des phénomènes dangereux pertinents mais non significatifs qui ne
sont pas traités dans le présent document.
5.2 Considérations essentielles relatives à la conception
5.2.1 Systèmes hydrauliques et pneumatiques — Caractéristiques communes
L'ISO 16092-1:2017, 5.2.1, doit s'appliquer.
5.2.2 Systèmes pneumatiques
L'ISO 16092-1:2017, 5.2.2, doit s'appliquer.
5.2.3 Systèmes hydrauliques
L'ISO 16092-1:2017, 5.2.3, doit s'appliquer.
5.2.4 Systèmes électriques
L'ISO 16092-1:2017, 5.2.4, doit s'appliquer.
5.2.5 Frein mécanique
5.2.5.1 Toutes les presses mécaniques doivent être équipées d'au moins un frein mécanique conforme
aux exigences de 5.2.5.2 à 5.2.5.4. Le frein mécanique et son système de commande doivent être conçus
de manière qu'en cas de défaillance de l'alimentation pneumatique, hydraulique ou électrique, le frein
mécanique s'engage immédiatement.
5.2.5.2 Le frein mécanique doit s'engager automatiquement au moyen d’assemblages de ressorts
multiples de type à compression qui nécessite une source d'énergie ou de force extérieure pour le
désengagement. Le frein mécanique doit avoir une capacité suffisante pour arrêter et maintenir le
coulisseau et ses accessoires en tout point de la course totale de la presse et fonctionner lorsque
l'embrayage est désengagé ou que le servomoteur est hors tension, même si 50 % des assemblages de
ressorts sont défaillants.
5.2.5.3 Le(s) frein(s) mécanique(s) doit (doivent) être conçu(s) et construit(s) de sorte que:
a) les ressorts soient uniformes du point de vue des dimensions, de la qualité et des performances;
b) les moyens de mise sous charge des ressorts soient tels, qu'une fois réglées, les attaches des ressorts
puissent être bloquées pour empêcher tout desserrement;
c) les dispositions prises pour le logement des ressorts et les broches de guidage soient telles qu'elles
minimisent leur grippage;
d) toute chaleur générée pouvant provoquer un événement dangereux soit dissipée;
e) les mesures nécessaires soient adoptées pour éviter la pénétration de lubrifiants sur les surfaces
de friction des freins, si ce n’est pas prévu par conception du frein;
4 © ISO 2019 – Tous droits réservés
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ISO 16092-2:2019(F)
f) toute humidité, poussière ou huile de graissage qui détériorent ou corrodent les matériaux
d'étanchéité (par exemple: étoupe et joints) ne puissent affecter défavorablement leur fonction, par
exemple en bouchant un conduit de fluide ou en diminuant son efficacité;
g) l'accumulation de poussière, de fluide ou de débris soit minimale dans les zones susceptibles de
provoquer un freinage inefficace et que des composants cassés ou détachés ne provoquent pas de
défaillances dans le freinage.
En outre, lorsque des dispositions sont nécessaires pour la redondance et la surveillance du système/
de la fonction de commande de frein (voir Tableaux 1 et 2), afin d'éviter qu'un seul défaut n'entraîne la
perte de la fonction de freinage;
h) les ressorts sont fournis tels que définis dans l’ISO 13849-2:2012, Tableaux A.2, A.3 et A.5, de sorte
que tout défaut pouvant survenir dans les ressorts hélicoïdaux sous pression soit exclu;
i) toutes les pièces ou éléments mécaniques sont en mesure de fournir les performances justifiées
conformément à la norme ISO 13849-2:2012, Tableau A.4, de sorte que tout défaut pouvant survenir
dans les éléments mécaniques soit exclu;
j) l'engagement et le désengagement du frein n’affectent pas sa fonction de sécurité;
k) le frein est conçu de sorte que la rupture d'un composant (par exemple de transmission de puissance
ou les vis de fixation) ne sollicite pas d'autres composants de manière telle qu'une défaillance
brusque et dangereuse puisse se produire.
5.2.5.4 Un(des) frein(s) à bande ne doit (doivent) pas être utilisé(s) comme un frein mécanique pour
arrêter le coulisseau.
NOTE Un frein à bande est un frein où une bande flexible revêtue d’un matériau de friction est disposée
autour d'un tambour.
5.2.6 Réglage du coulisseau
5.2.6.1 Un moyen de contrôle doit être prévu pour empêcher la presse de faire des cycles pendant que
le circuit de réglage du coulisseau est activé et pour empêcher le fonctionnement du moteur de réglage du
coulisseau pendant que l’embrayage est engagé pour les presses du Groupe 1 ou que le servomoteur est
alimenté pour les presses du Groupe 2. Cette exigence ne s'applique pas lorsque le moteur de réglage du
coulisseau fonctionne uniquement avec le cycle automatique et à système de commande programmable
pour compenser, par exemple, l'usure des outils pendant le fonctionnement de la presse.
5.2.6.2 Les moyens de commande de réglage du coulisseau doivent être clairement identifiés.
5.2.6.3 Le déplacement vers le haut et vers le bas du réglage du coulisseau doit être limité, par exemple
par des interrupteurs de fin de course, des détecteurs de proximité ou des codeurs.
5.2.7 Systèmes d'équilibrage du coulisseau
5.2.7.1 S'il y a lieu, les systèmes mécaniques d'équilibrage à ressort doivent comporter des moyens
pour retenir les pièces du système en cas de rupture et avoir la capacité de maintenir le coulisseau et ses
accessoires à mi-course sans que le frein ne soit serré.
5.2.7.2 S'il y a lieu, les vérins d'équilibrage pneumatique doivent comporter des moyens pour retenir le
piston et la tige en cas de rupture ou de desserrage et doivent avoir la capacité de maintenir le coulisseau
et ses accessoires à n'importe quel point du cycle sans que le frein soit engagé.
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ISO 16092-2:2019(F)
5.2.8 Vannes de commande et systèmes d'échappement
5.2.8.1 Les vannes de commande et les systèmes d'échappement utilisés avec les soupapes à fluide
pour le(s) frein(s) mécanique(s), embrayage(s) ou ensembles(s) combiné(s) embrayage/frein doivent
être conçus pour empêcher la détérioration de la p
...
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