SIST EN 13526:2002
(Main)Stationary source emissions - Determination of the mass concentration of total gaseous organic carbon in flue gases from solvent using processes - Continuous flame ionisation detector method
Stationary source emissions - Determination of the mass concentration of total gaseous organic carbon in flue gases from solvent using processes - Continuous flame ionisation detector method
This European Standard specifies a set of minimum performance requirements for an instrument using flame ionisation detection, together with procedures for its calibration and operation, for the measurement of the mass concentration of total gaseous organic carbon (TOC) in flue gases.
This European Standard is suitable for the measurement of gaseous or vapour phase TOC emissions from Solvent Using Processes.
NOTE 1 See Council Directive 1999/13/EEC.
The results obtained using this standard are expressed in milligrams per cubic metre as total carbon (mg/m3). This standard is suitable for the measurement of concentrations from 20 mg/m3 to 500 mg/m3 but can be used at lower concentrations.
NOTE 2 By its nature a flame ionisation detector (FID) can also be used to measure higher concentrations.
The method specified in this European Standard can be used as a reference method or, with suitable minimum operational requirements, for continuous monitoring. It can also be used for the calibration of automated measuring systems. An indication of the uncertainty of the measurement is shown in annex A.
Emissionen aus stationären Quellen - Bestimmung der Massenkonzentration des gesamten gasförmigen organisch gebundenen Kohlenstoffs in Abgasen von Prozessen, bei denen Lösungsmittel eingesetzt werden - Kontinuierliches Verfahren unter Verwendung eines Flammenionisationsdetektors
Diese Europaische Norm legt einen Satz von Mindestanforderungen für ein Messgeät mit Flammenionisationsdetektion zur Messung der Massenkonzentration des gesamten gasförmigen organisch gebundenen Kohlenstoffs ( total organic carbon (TOC)) in Abgasen fest. Weiterhin wird die Vorgehensweise zur Kalibrierung und zum betrieb des Gerätes festgelegt.
Dies Europäische Norm ist zur Messung von ga- oder dampfförmigen TOC-Emissionen aus Prozessen, bei denen Lôsungsmittel eingesetzt werden, anwendbar.
ANMERKUNG 1 Siehe Richtlinie 1999/13/EG des Rates.
Die Nach dieser Norm ermittelten Ergebnisse werden in Milligramm je Kubikmeter (mg/m3 geeignet, kann aber auch bei niedrigeren Konzentrationen eigesetzt werden.
ANMERKUNG 2 Grundsätzlich kann ein Flammenionisationdetektor (FID) auch zur Messung Hörerer Konzentrationen eingesetzt werden.
Das in dieser Europäischen Norm festgelegte Verfahren kann als Referenzverfahren oder, bei geeigneten Mindestanforderungen, für kontinuirliche Messungen eingesetzt werden. Eine Abschätzung der Messunsicherheit ist im Anhang A angegeben.
Emissions de sources fixes - Détermination de la concentration massique en carbone organique total a de fortes concentrations dans les effluents gazeux - Méthode du détecteur continu a ionisation de flamme
La présente Norme européenne spécifie un ensemble d'exigences minimales de performances ainsi que les modes opératoires d'étalonnage et de fonctionnement d'un instrument utilisant l'ionisation de flamme pour détecter et mesurer la concentration massique de carbone organique total (COT) gazeux dans des effluents gazeux.
La présente norme européenne est adaptée a la mesure des niveaux d'émissions de COT en phase gazeuse ou vapeur provenant de processus utilisant des solvants.
NOTE 1 Voir la Directive du Conseil 1999/13/EEC.
Les résultats obtenus en utilisant la présente norme sont exprimés en milligrammes par metre cube de carbone total (mg/m3). La présente norme est utilisable sur une plage de concentration comprise entre 20 mg/m3 et 500 mg/m3, mais peut etre employée a des concentrations plus faibles.
NOTE 2 La nature des détecteurs a ionisation de flamme (DIF) permet de les utiliser pour mesurer des concentrations plus élevées.
La méthode présentée dans la présente Norme européenne peut etre utilisée comme méthode de référence ou, avec des exigences minimales opérationnelles appropriées, pour la surveillance en continu. Elle peut également etre utilisée pour l'étalonnage des systemes de mesures automatiques. Une indication de l'incertitude de mesure est donnée en annexe A.
Emisije nepremičnih virov - Določevanje masne koncentracije celotnega organskega ogljika v plinasti fazi v odpadnih plinih procesov, ki uporabljajo topila - Kontinuirana metoda plamenske ionizacijske detekcije
General Information
Relations
Standards Content (Sample)
SLOVENSKI STANDARD
SIST EN 13526:2002
01-maj-2002
(PLVLMHQHSUHPLþQLKYLURY'RORþHYDQMHPDVQHNRQFHQWUDFLMHFHORWQHJD
RUJDQVNHJDRJOMLNDYSOLQDVWLID]LYRGSDGQLKSOLQLKSURFHVRYNLXSRUDEOMDMRWRSLOD
.RQWLQXLUDQDPHWRGDSODPHQVNHLRQL]DFLMVNHGHWHNFLMH
Stationary source emissions - Determination of the mass concentration of total gaseous
organic carbon in flue gases from solvent using processes - Continuous flame ionisation
detector method
Emissionen aus stationären Quellen - Bestimmung der
Massenkonzentration des gesamten gasförmigen organisch
gebundenen Kohlenstoffs in Abgasen von Prozessen, bei denen
Lösungsmittel eingesetzt werden - Kontinuierliches Verfahren
unter Verwendung eines Flammenionisationsdetektors
Emissions de sources fixes - Détermination de la concentration massique en carbone
organique total a de fortes concentrations dans les effluents gazeux - Méthode du
détecteur continu a ionisation de flamme
Ta slovenski standard je istoveten z: EN 13526:2001
ICS:
13.040.40 (PLVLMHQHSUHPLþQLKYLURY Stationary source emissions
SIST EN 13526:2002 en,fr,de
2003-01.Slovenski inštitut za standardizacijo. Razmnoževanje celote ali delov tega standarda ni dovoljeno.
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SIST EN 13526:2002
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SIST EN 13526:2002
EUROPEAN STANDARD
EN 13526
NORME EUROPÉENNE
EUROPÄISCHE NORM
November 2001
ICS 13.040.40
English version
Stationary source emissions - Determination of the mass
concentration of total gaseous organic carbon in flue gases from
solvent using processes - Continuous flame ionisation detector
method
Emissionen aus stationären Quellen - Bestimmung der
Massenkonzentration des gesamten gasförmigen
organisch gebundenen Kohlenstoffs in Abgasen von
Prozessen, bei denen Lösungsmittel eingesetzt werden -
Kontinuierliches Verfahren unter Verwendung eines
Flammenionisationsdetektors
This European Standard was approved by CEN on 29 September 2001.
CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this European
Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references concerning such national
standards may be obtained on application to the Management Centre or to any CEN member.
This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by translation
under the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the Management Centre has the same status as the official
versions.
CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Czech Republic, Denmark, Finland, France, Germany, Greece,
Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Luxembourg, Netherlands, Norway, Portugal, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and United Kingdom.
EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATION
COMITÉ EUROPÉEN DE NORMALISATION
EUROPÄISCHES KOMITEE FÜR NORMUNG
Management Centre: rue de Stassart, 36 B-1050 Brussels
© 2001 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved Ref. No. EN 13526:2001 E
worldwide for CEN national Members.
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SIST EN 13526:2002
EN 13526:2001 (E)
Contents
page
Foreword 3
1 Scope 3
2 Normative references 4
3 Terms and definitions 4
4 Principle 6
5 The apparatus and gases 8
6 Measurement procedure 10
Annex A (informative) Measurement uncertainty and associated statistics 13
Annex B (normative) Determination of the performance characteristics of a FID 15
Annex C (informative) Published response factors for typical components in flue gases of
waste incineration plants and in exhaust air from non-thermal plants 17
Annex D (informative) Safety measures 19
Annex E (informative) Recommended minimum operational requirements for long term
continuous monitoring applications 20
Annex F (informative) Calculation of total organic carbon mass concentration from volume
concentrations 21
Bibliography 22
2
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SIST EN 13526:2002
EN 13526:2001 (E)
Foreword
This European Standard has been prepared by Technical Committee CEN/TC 264 "Air
Quality", the secretariat of which is held by DIN.
This European Standard shall be given the status of a national standard, either by publication
of an identical text or by endorsement, at the latest by May 2002, and conflicting national
standards shall be withdrawn at the latest by May 2002.
This European Standard has been prepared under a mandate given to CEN by the European
Commission and European Free Trade Association.
The annex B is normative. The annexes A, C, D, E and F are informative.
According to the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations, the national standards organizations
of the following countries are bound to implement this European Standard: Austria, Belgium,
Czech Republic, Denmark, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Iceland, Ireland, Italy,
Luxembourg, Netherlands, Norway, Portugal, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and the United
Kingdom.
1 Scope
This European Standard specifies a set of minimum performance requirements for an
instrument using flame ionisation detection, together with procedures for its calibration and
operation, for the measurement of the mass concentration of total gaseous organic carbon
(TOC) in flue gases.
This European Standard is suitable for the measurement of gaseous or vapour phase TOC
emissions from Solvent Using Processes.
NOTE 1 See Council Directive 1999/13/EEC.
The results obtained using this standard are expressed in milligrams per cubic metre as total
3
carbon (mg/m ). This standard is suitable for the measurement of concentrations from 20
3 3
mg/m to 500 mg/m but can be used at lower concentrations.
NOTE 2 By its nature a flame ionisation detector (FID) can also be used to measure higher
concentrations.
The method specified in this European Standard can be used as a reference method or, with
suitable minimum operational requirements, for continuous monitoring. It can also be used
for the calibration of automated measuring systems. An indication of the uncertainty of the
measurement is shown in annex A.
3
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SIST EN 13526:2002
EN 13526:2001 (E)
2 Normative references
This European Standard incorporates, by dated or undated reference, provisions from other
publications. These normative references are cited at the appropriate places in the text, and
the publications are listed hereafter. For dated references, subsequent amendments to or
revisions of any of these publications apply to this European Standard only when incorporated
in it by amendment or revision. For undated references the latest edition of the publication
referred to applies (including amendments).
EN 13649 Stationary source emissions - Determination of the mass concentration
of individual gaseous organic compounds – Activated carbon and
solvent desorption method.
ISO 5725-1 Accuracy (trueness and precision) of measurement methods and results
Part 1: General principles and definitions.
ISO 6879 Air quality - Performance characteristics and related concepts for air
quality measuring methods.
ISO 9169 Air Quality – Determination of performance characteristics of
measurement methods.
3 Terms and definitions
For the purpose of this CEN Standard, the following definitions apply.
3.1
combustion air
air supply used for the combustion of fuel gas in an instrument using flame ionisation
detection
3.2
complimentary gas
component of a calibration gas mixture which completes a calibration gas mixture
3.3
detection limit
minimum concentration of a substance which produces an observable response, as detailed in
annex B and referred to in ISO 9169
3.4
dilution gas
gas used to dilute sampled flue gas to prevent water condensation
3.5
flame ionisation detector (FID)
instrument using flame ionisation detection
4
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SIST EN 13526:2002
EN 13526:2001 (E)
3.6
flue gas
product from a combustion or incineration process containing gaseous and particulate
components
3.7
fuel gas
gas of known composition used to maintain the flame of the FID
3.8
mass concentration of gaseous total organic carbon
quotient of the mass of total organic carbon to the volume of the dry gas under specified
reference conditions of temperature and pressure, normally expressed in milligrams per cubic
3
metre as total carbon (mg/m )
3.9
range
set of values for a measurand for which the error of a measuring instrument is intended to lie
within specified limits
3.10
response factor
dimensionless quotient of the response of the FID with any carbon based compound or
compounds to its response to propane, in each case referred to the number of carbon atoms of
the molecule
3.11
response time
time which elapses between the moment when a change is produced and the moment when
the instrument response reaches a value of 90 % of the final change in instrument response as
a consequence of a stepwise change in the total organic carbon concentration
3.12
span gas
gas used to adjust and check one point on the calibration curve
3.13
total organic carbon (TOC)
by convention the total gaseous organic carbon which is measured by the FID and expressed
3
as mg/m
3.14
zero gas
gas used to adjust and check the zero point on a calibration curve
5
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SIST EN 13526:2002
EN 13526:2001 (E)
4 Principle
4.1 General
There are two elements to the extractive TOC analytical system described in this standard.
They are the FID and the associated sampling device.
4.2 Flame ionisation detector
The measurement principle is the determination of an ionisation current resulting from the
combustion of organic compounds in a hydrogen flame. This current depends on the number
of C-atoms of organic compounds burning in the fuel gas flame, the form of bonding (straight
chain or branched chain) and of bonding partners.
The response factor is a function of the specific design of the detector and the adjusted
operating conditions.
The main advantage of the FID is that it responds strongly to organic carbon containing
components and less to inorganic flue gas components (such as CO, CO , NO, H O).
2 2
FIDs require a fuel gas and combustion air.
6
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SIST EN 13526:2002
EN 13526:2001 (E)
15
16
14
13
DC Voltage
12
11
8
5
3
4
10
1
9
3
2
7
6
1. Fuel gas 9. Back-pressure regulator
2. Combustion air 10. By-pass
3. Flow regulator 11. Meter
4. Fine dust filter 12. Nozzle
5. Sampling gas pump 13. Combustion chamber
6. Sample gas 14. Flame
7. Heated housing 15. Gas outlet
8. Pressure gauge 16. Electrode
Figure 1: Diagram of the FID measuring principle (example)
A number of different instrument configurations exist. Figure 1 indicates the principle
whereby in the detector a sample gas is fed into a hydrogen flame across which a DC
electrical potential is placed. The introduction of the sampled gas causes a specific ionisation
current to flow, which is measured using suitable equipment.
Defined test gases are required to determine the response factors. These can be produced by a
number of methods including static methods (with gas collectors or direct injection) or
dynamic methods (e.g. vapour pressure method or certified test gases from compressed gas
bottles).
The span of the instrument shall be adjusted with propane span gas for which the response
factor, defined in this standard, has been set at 1.
4.3 Sampling and sampling device
The following principles shall be followed during sampling:
- sampling is the process of extracting from a large quantity of flue gas a small portion
which is truly representative of the composition of the main gas stream;
- the sampling device is equipped with a filter to remove fine particles which could clog the
burner. Condensation downstream of the filter shall be avoided, two methods can be used:
- a line heated up to the inlet of the analyser,
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SIST EN 13526:2002
EN 13526:2001 (E)
- a suitable dynamic dilution device.
5 The apparatus and gases
5.1 Apparatus
5.1.1 The FID
The FID shall be shown by the manufacturer to comply with the minimum performance
requirements defined in Table 1.
NOTE When used in a continuous mode the instrument should be subject to a periodic functional
test which will be specified in subsequent European Standards.
Table 1 - Minimum performance requirements of FIDs - without sampling
equipment
Performance characteristics Minimum performance requirements
(see Note 1)
3 3 3 3
Minimum measuring range 0 mg/m to 50 mg/m , 150 mg/m or 500 mg/m
Detection limit 5 % of the emission limit value
Response time less than 1 min
(0 % to 90 %)
Linearity deviation permissible deviation 5 % of emission limit
Range of response factors (see Note 2) permissible range
Methane 0,9 to 1,2
Aliphatic hydrocarbons (see Note 3) 0,9 to 1,1
Aromatic hydrocarbons (see Note 4) 0,8 to 1,1
Aliphatic alcohols (see Note 5) 0,7 to 1,0
Esters (see Note 6) 0,7 to 1,0
Ketones (see Note 7) 0,7 to 1,0
Organic acids (see Note 8) 0,5 to 1,0
permissible interference: 5 % of emission limit
Effect of oxygen (see Note 9)
NOTE 1 The methods for determining instrument characteristics are given in annex B.
NOTE 2 Examples of typical response factors are given in annex C.
NOTE 3 For the purpose of this standard the aliphatic hydrocarbons may be represented by two of ethane,
butane, hexane, heptane, octane or cyclohexane.
NOTE 4 For the purpose of this standard the aromatic hydrocarbons may be represented by benzene and
toluene.
NOTE 5 For the purpose of this standard aliphatic alcohols may be represented by two of methanol, ethanol
or propanol.
NOTE 6 For the purpose of this standard esters may be represented by ethyl acetate, or isobutyl acetate.
NOTE 7 For the purpose of this standard ketones may be represented by acetone.
NOTE 8 For the purpose of this standard organic acids may be represented by acetic acid.
NOTE 9 For flue gases with an oxygen content of less than 18 % the effect of oxygen shall be determined as
shown in annex B.
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SIST EN 13526:2002
EN 13526:2001 (E)
5.1.2 Sampling device
The sampling device shall be designed to take account of the flue gas characteristics:
- it shall be made of a material that is chemically and physically inert to the constituents of
the flue gas under analysis;
NOTE Stainless steel, polytetrafluoroethylene or polypropylenefluoride are well proven
construction materials.
- it shall be designed to ensure a sample residence time less than 1 minute;
- it shall be constructed to avoid condensation in the sampling line, several alternative
methods are suitable:
- heated sampling line. The line shall be heated throughout and where measurements
are taken in hot gases the temperature of the coolest point shall be at least 20 °C above
the flue gas temperature and shall not exceed 200 C. An example is shown in Figure
2;
- dynamic dilution. A suitable device is shown in EN 13649.
- the sampling line shall include a filtering device (upstream) to trap all particles liable to
impair the operation of the apparatus.
2
3 5
4
1
to Analyser
1 Gas sampling probe
2 Span and zero gas supply
3 Heated partic
...
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