SIST EN 62133-1:2018

Secondary cells and batteries containing alkaline or other non-acid electrolytes - Safety requirements for portable sealed secondary cells, and for batteries made from them, for use in portable applications - Part 1: Nickel systems

This part of IEC 62133 specifies requirements and tests for the safe operation of portable
sealed secondary nickel cells and batteries containing alkaline electrolyte, under intended use
and reasonably foreseeable misuse.

Sekundärzellen und -batterien mit alkalischen oder anderen nicht säurehaltigen Elektrolyten - Sicherheitsanforderungen für tragbare gasdichte Sekundärzellen und daraus hergestellte Batterien für die Verwendung in tragbaren Geräten - Teil 1: Nickel-Systeme

Accumulateurs alcalins et autres accumulateurs à électrolyte non acide - Exigences de sécurité pour les accumulateurs portables étanches, et pour les batteries qui en sont constituées, destinés à l'utilisation dans des applications portables - Partie 1: Systèmes au nickel

L'IEC 62133-1:2017 spécifie les exigences et les essais pour le fonctionnement en sécurité des accumulateurs portables étanches au nickel contenant un électrolyte alcalin dans des conditions d’utilisations prévues et dans des conditions d’utilisations abusives raisonnablement prévisibles.
Cette première édition annule et remplace l'IEC 62133 parue en 2012. Cette édition constitue une révision technique.
Cette édition inclut les modifications techniques majeures suivantes par rapport à l'IEC 62133:2012:
- séparation des systèmes au lithium dans une Partie 2 distincte;
- inclusion des exigences en matière d'élément bouton.

Sekundarni členi in baterije z alkalnimi ali drugimi nekislinskimi elektroliti - Varnostne zahteve za prenosne zatesnjene sekundarne člene in za baterije, narejene iz njih, za uporabo v prenosnih napravah - 1. del: Nikljevi sistemi

Ta del standarda IEC 62133 določa zahteve in preskuse za varno delovanje prenosnih zatesnjenih sekundarnih nikljevih členov in baterij z alkalnimi elektroliti pri predvideni uporabi in razumno predvideni nepravilni uporabi.

General Information

• Status: Published
• Publication Date: 17-Dec-2017
• ICS: 29.220.30 - Alkaline secondary cells and batteries
• Technical Committee: ISCB - Secondary cells and batteries
• Current Stage: 6060 - National Implementation/Publication (Adopted Project)
• Start Date: 13-Dec-2017
• Due Date: 17-Feb-2018
• Completion Date: 18-Dec-2017
• Ref Project: EN 62133-1:2017 - Secondary cells and batteries containing alkaline or other non-acid electrolytes - Safety requirements for portable sealed secondary cells, and for batteries made from them, for use in portable applications - Part 1: Nickel systems

Relations

• Replaces: SIST EN 62133:2013 - Secondary cells and batteries containing alkaline or other non-acid electrolytes - Safety requirements for portable sealed secondary cells, and for batteries made from them, for use in portable applications
• Effective Date: 28-Apr-2015

Standards Content (Sample)

SLOVENSKI STANDARD
SIST EN 62133-1:2018
01-januar-2018
1DGRPHãþD
SIST EN 62133:2013
6HNXQGDUQLþOHQLLQEDWHULMH]DONDOQLPLDOLGUXJLPLQHNLVOLQVNLPLHOHNWUROLWL
9DUQRVWQH]DKWHYH]DSUHQRVQH]DWHVQMHQHVHNXQGDUQHþOHQHLQ]DEDWHULMH
QDUHMHQHL]QMLK]DXSRUDERYSUHQRVQLKQDSUDYDKGHO1LNOMHYLVLVWHPL
Secondary cells and batteries containing alkaline or other non-acid electrolytes - Safety
requirements for portable sealed secondary cells, and for batteries made from them, for
use in portable applications - Part 1: Nickel systems
Accumulateurs alcalins et autres accumulateurs à électrolyte non acide - Exigences de
sécurité pour les accumulateurs portables étanches, et pour les batteries qui en sont
constituées, destinés à l'utilisation dans des applications portables - Partie 1: Systèmes
au nickel
Ta slovenski standard je istoveten z: EN 62133-1:2017
ICS:
29.220.30 $ONDOQLVHNXQGDUQLþOHQLLQ Alkaline secondary cells and
EDWHULMH batteries
SIST EN 62133-1:2018 en
2003-01.Slovenski inštitut za standardizacijo. Razmnoževanje celote ali delov tega standarda ni dovoljeno.

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SIST EN 62133-1:2018

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SIST EN 62133-1:2018


EUROPEAN STANDARD EN 62133-1

NORME EUROPÉENNE

EUROPÄISCHE NORM
May 2017
ICS 29.220.30 Supersedes EN 62133:2013 (partially)
English Version
Secondary cells and batteries containing alkaline or other non-
acid electrolytes - Safety requirements for portable sealed
secondary cells, and for batteries made from them, for use in
portable applications - Part 1: Nickel systems
(IEC 62133-1:2017)
Accumulateurs alcalins et autres accumulateurs à Akkumulatoren und Batterien mit alkalischen oder anderen
électrolyte non acide - Exigences de sécurité pour les nicht säurehaltigen Elektrolyten - Sicherheitsanforderungen
accumulateurs portables étanches, et pour les batteries qui für tragbare gasdichte Akkumulatoren und daraus
en sont constituées, destinés à l'utilisation dans des hergestellte Batterien für die Verwendung in tragbaren
applications portables - Partie 1: Systèmes au nickel Geräten - Teil 1: Nickel-Systeme
(IEC 62133-1:2017) (IEC 62133-1:2017)
This European Standard was approved by CENELEC on 2017-03-14. CENELEC members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC
Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this European Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration.
Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references concerning such national standards may be obtained on application to the CEN-CENELEC
Management Centre or to any CENELEC member.
This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by translation
under the responsibility of a CENELEC member into its own language and notified to the CEN-CENELEC Management Centre has the
same status as the official versions.
CENELEC members are the national electrotechnical committees of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, the Czech Republic,
Denmark, Estonia, Finland, Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia,
Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, the Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Serbia, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden,
Switzerland, Turkey and the United Kingdom.


European Committee for Electrotechnical Standardization
Comité Européen de Normalisation Electrotechnique
Europäisches Komitee für Elektrotechnische Normung
CEN-CENELEC Management Centre: Avenue Marnix 17, B-1000 Brussels
© 2017 CENELEC All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved worldwide for CENELEC Members.
 Ref. No. EN 62133-1:2017 E

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SIST EN 62133-1:2018
EN 62133-1:2017
European foreword
The text of document 21A/619/FDIS, future edition 1 of IEC 62133-1, prepared by SC 21A "Secondary
cells and batteries containing alkaline or other non-acid electrolytes", of IEC/TC 21 "Secondary cells
and batteries" was submitted to the IEC-CENELEC parallel vote and approved by CENELEC as
EN 62133-1:2017.
The following dates are fixed:
• latest date by which the document has to be implemented at (dop) 2017-12-14
national level by publication of an identical national
standard or by endorsement
(dow) 2020-03-14
• latest date by which the national standards conflicting with
the document have to be withdrawn

This document supersedes EN 62133:2013 (partially).
Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of
patent rights. CENELEC [and/or CEN] shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such
patent rights.
Endorsement notice
The text of the International Standard IEC 62133-1:2017 was approved by CENELEC as a European
Standard without any modification.
In the official version, for Bibliography, the following notes have to be added for the standards indicated:
IEC 60051 NOTE Harmonized in EN 60051 series.
IEC 60664 NOTE Harmonized in EN 60664 series.
IEC 61434 NOTE Harmonized as EN 61434.
2

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SIST EN 62133-1:2018
EN 62133-1:2017
Annex ZA
(normative)

Normative references to international publications
with their corresponding European publications
The following documents, in whole or in part, are normatively referenced in this document and are
indispensable for its application. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated
references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies.
NOTE 1 When an International Publication has been modified by common modifications, indicated by (mod),
the relevant EN/HD applies.
NOTE 2 Up-to-date information on the latest versions of the European Standards listed in this annex is
available here: www.cenelec.eu.

Publication Year Title EN/HD Year
IEC 60050-482 2004 International Electrotechnical - -
Vocabulary (IEV) - Part 482: Primary
and secondary cells and batteries
1)
IEC 61951-1 -  Secondary cells and batteries containing EN 61951-1 -
alkaline or other non-acid electrolytes -
Secondary sealed cells and batteries for
portable applications - Part 1: Nickel-
Cadmium
1)
IEC 61951-2 -  Secondary cells and batteries containing EN 61951-2 -
alkaline or other non-acid electrolytes -
Secondary sealed cells and batteries for
portable applications - Part 2: Nickel-
metal hydride
ISO/IEC Guide 51 -  Safety aspects - Guidelines for their - -
inclusion in standards


1) To be published.
3

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SIST EN 62133-1:2018

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SIST EN 62133-1:2018




IEC 62133-1

®


Edition 1.0 2017-02




INTERNATIONAL



STANDARD




NORME



INTERNATIONALE
colour

inside










Secondary cells and batteries containing alkaline or other non-acid

electrolytes – Safety requirements for portable sealed secondary cells, and for

batteries made from them, for use in portable applications –


Part 1: Nickel systems



Accumulateurs alcalins et autres accumulateurs à électrolyte non acide –


Exigences de sécurité pour les accumulateurs portables étanches, et pour les

batteries qui en sont constituées, destinés à l'utilisation dans des applications

portables –

Partie 1: Systèmes au nickel









INTERNATIONAL

ELECTROTECHNICAL

COMMISSION


COMMISSION

ELECTROTECHNIQUE


INTERNATIONALE




ICS 29.220.30 ISBN 978-2-8322-3909-4



Warning! Make sure that you obtained this publication from an authorized distributor.

Attention! Veuillez vous assurer que vous avez obtenu cette publication via un distributeur agréé.

® Registered trademark of the International Electrotechnical Commission
Marque déposée de la Commission Electrotechnique Internationale

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SIST EN 62133-1:2018
– 2 – IEC 62133-1:2017 © IEC 2017
CONTENTS
FOREWORD . 4
1 Scope . 6
2 Normative references . 6
3 Terms and definitions . 6
4 Parameter measurement tolerances . 8
5 General safety considerations . 9
5.1 General . 9
5.2 Insulation and wiring . 9
5.3 Venting . 9
5.4 Temperature, voltage and current management . 10
5.5 Terminal contacts . 10
5.6 Assembly of cells into batteries . 10
5.7 Quality plan . 10
6 Type test and sample size . 10
7 Specific requirements and tests . 11
7.1 Charging procedure for test purposes . 11
7.2 Intended use . 11
7.2.1 Continuous low-rate charging (cells) . 11
7.2.2 Vibration . 11
7.2.3 Case stress at high ambient temperature (batteries) . 12
7.2.4 Temperature cycling . 12
7.3 Reasonably foreseeable misuse . 13
7.3.1 Incorrect installation (cells) . 13
7.3.2 External short circuit . 13
7.3.3 Free fall . 14
7.3.4 Mechanical shock (crash hazard) . 14
7.3.5 Thermal abuse (cells) . 14
7.3.6 Crushing of cells . 15
7.3.7 Low pressure (cells) . 15
7.3.8 Overcharge . 15
7.3.9 Forced discharge (cells) . 15
8 Information for safety . 16
8.1 General . 16
8.2 Small cell and battery safety information . 16
9 Marking . 17
9.1 Cell marking . 17
9.2 Battery marking. 17
9.3 Caution for ingestion of small cells and batteries . 17
9.4 Other information . 18
10 Packaging . 18
Annex A (informative) Recommendations to equipment manufacturers and battery
assemblers . 19
Annex B (informative) Recommendations to the end-users . 20
Annex C (informative) Packaging . 21
Bibliography . 22

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SIST EN 62133-1:2018
IEC 62133-1:2017 © IEC 2017 – 3 –

Figure 1 – Temperature profile for 7.2.4 – Temperature cycling test . 13
Figure 2 – Ingestion gauge . 17

Table 1 – Sample size for type tests . 11
Table 2 – Conditions for vibration test . 12

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SIST EN 62133-1:2018
– 4 – IEC 62133-1:2017 © IEC 2017
INTERNATIONAL ELECTROTECHNICAL COMMISSION
____________

SECONDARY CELLS AND BATTERIES CONTAINING
ALKALINE OR OTHER NON-ACID ELECTROLYTES –
SAFETY REQUIREMENTS FOR PORTABLE SEALED
SECONDARY CELLS, AND FOR BATTERIES MADE FROM
THEM, FOR USE IN PORTABLE APPLICATIONS –

Part 1: Nickel systems

FOREWORD
1) The International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) is a worldwide organization for standardization comprising
all national electrotechnical committees (IEC National Committees). The object of IEC is to promote
international co-operation on all questions concerning standardization in the electrical and electronic fields. To
this end and in addition to other activities, IEC publishes International Standards, Technical Specifications,
Technical Reports, Publicly Available Specifications (PAS) and Guides (hereafter referred to as “IEC
Publication(s)”). Their preparation is entrusted to technical committees; any IEC National Committee interested
in the subject dealt with may participate in this preparatory work. International, governmental and non-
governmental organizations liaising with the IEC also participate in this preparation. IEC collaborates closely
with the International Organization for Standardization (ISO) in accordance with conditions determined by
agreement between the two organizations.
2) The formal decisions or agreements of IEC on technical matters express, as nearly as possible, an international
consensus of opinion on the relevant subjects since each technical committee has representation from all
interested IEC National Committees.
3) IEC Publications have the form of recommendations for international use and are accepted by IEC National
Committees in that sense. While all reasonable efforts are made to ensure that the technical content of IEC
Publications is accurate, IEC cannot be held responsible for the way in which they are used or for any
misinterpretation by any end user.
4) In order to promote international uniformity, IEC National Committees undertake to apply IEC Publications
transparently to the maximum extent possible in their national and regional publications. Any divergence
between any IEC Publication and the corresponding national or regional publication shall be clearly indicated in
the latter.
5) IEC itself does not provide any attestation of conformity. Independent certification bodies provide conformity
assessment services and, in some areas, access to IEC marks of conformity. IEC is not responsible for any
services carried out by independent certification bodies.
6) All users should ensure that they have the latest edition of this publication.
7) No liability shall attach to IEC or its directors, employees, servants or agents including individual experts and
members of its technical committees and IEC National Committees for any personal injury, property damage or
other damage of any nature whatsoever, whether direct or indirect, or for costs (including legal fees) and
expenses arising out of the publication, use of, or reliance upon, this IEC Publication or any other IEC
Publications.
8) Attention is drawn to the Normative references cited in this publication. Use of the referenced publications is
indispensable for the correct application of this publication.
9) Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this IEC Publication may be the subject of
patent rights. IEC shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights.
International Standard IEC 62133-1 has been prepared by subcommittee 21A: Secondary
cells and batteries containing alkaline or other non-acid electrolytes, of IEC technical
committee 21: Secondary cells and batteries.
This first edition cancels and replaces the second edition of IEC 62133 published in 2012. It
constitutes a technical revision.
This edition includes the following significant technical changes with respect to
IEC 62133:2012:
– separation of lithium systems into a separate Part 2;

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SIST EN 62133-1:2018
IEC 62133-1:2017 © IEC 2017 – 5 –
– inclusion of button cell requirements.
The text of this standard is based on the following documents:
FDIS Report on voting
21A/619/FDIS 21A/627/RVD

Full information on the voting for the approval of this standard can be found in the report on
voting indicated in the above table.
This publication has been drafted in accordance with the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2.
A list of all parts of the IEC 62133 series, published under the general title Secondary cells
and batteries containing alkaline or other non-acid electrolytes – Safety requirements for
portable sealed secondary cells, and for batteries made from them, for use in portable
applications, can be found on the IEC website.
The committee has decided that the contents of this publication will remain unchanged until
the stability date indicated on the IEC website under "http://webstore.iec.ch" in the data
related to the specific publication. At this date, the publication will be
• reconfirmed,
• withdrawn,
• replaced by a revised edition, or
• amended.

IMPORTANT – The 'colour inside' logo on the cover page of this publication indicates
that it contains colours which are considered to be useful for the correct
understanding of its contents. Users should therefore print this document using a
colour printer.

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SIST EN 62133-1:2018
– 6 – IEC 62133-1:2017 © IEC 2017
SECONDARY CELLS AND BATTERIES CONTAINING
ALKALINE OR OTHER NON-ACID ELECTROLYTES –
SAFETY REQUIREMENTS FOR PORTABLE SEALED
SECONDARY CELLS, AND FOR BATTERIES MADE FROM
THEM, FOR USE IN PORTABLE APPLICATIONS –

Part 1: Nickel systems



1 Scope
This part of IEC 62133 specifies requirements and tests for the safe operation of portable
sealed secondary nickel cells and batteries containing alkaline electrolyte, under intended use
and reasonably foreseeable misuse.
2 Normative references
The following documents are referred to in the text in such a way that some or all of their
content constitutes requirements of this document. For dated references, only the edition
cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including
any amendments) applies.
IEC 60050-482:2004, International Electrotechnical Vocabulary – Part 482: Primary and
secondary cells and batteries (available at http://www.electropedia.org)
IEC 61951-1, Secondary cells and batteries containing alkaline or other non-acid
electrolytes – Portable sealed rechargeable single cells – Part 1: Nickel-cadmium
IEC 61951-2, Secondary cells and batteries containing alkaline or other non-acid
electrolytes – Portable sealed rechargeable single cells – Part 2: Nickel-metal hydride
ISO/IEC Guide 51, Safety aspects – Guidelines for their inclusion in standards
3 Terms and definitions
For the purposes of this document, the terms and definitions given in IEC 60050-482,
ISO/IEC Guide 51 and the following apply.
ISO and IEC maintain terminological databases for use in standardization at the following
addresses:
• IEC Electropedia: available at http://www.electropedia.org/
• ISO Online browsing platform: available at http://www.iso.org/obp
3.1
safety
freedom from unacceptable risk
3.2
risk
combination of the probability of occurrence of harm and the severity of that harm

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SIST EN 62133-1:2018
IEC 62133-1:2017 © IEC 2017 – 7 –
3.3
harm
physical injury or damage to the health of people or damage to property or to the environment
3.4
hazard
potential source of harm
3.5
intended use
use of a product, process or service in accordance with specifications, instructions and
information provided by the supplier
3.6
reasonably foreseeable misuse
use of a product, process or service in a way which is not intended by the supplier, but which
may result from readily predictable human behaviour
3.7
secondary cell
basic manufactured unit providing a source of electrical energy by direct conversion of
chemical energy, that consists of electrodes, separators, electrolyte, container and terminals,
and that is designed to be charged electrically
3.8
secondary battery
assembly of secondary cell(s) ready for use as a source of electrical energy characterized by
its voltage, size, terminal arrangement, capacity and rate capability
Note 1 to entry: Includes single cell batteries.
3.9
leakage
unplanned, visible escape of liquid electrolyte
3.10
venting
release of excessive internal pressure from a cell or battery in a manner intended by design to
preclude rupture or explosion
3.11
rupture
mechanical failure of a cell container or battery case induced by an internal or external cause,
resulting in exposure or spillage but not ejection of materials
3.12
explosion
failure that occurs when a cell container or battery case opens violently and major
components are forcibly expelled
3.13
fire
emission of flames from a cell or battery
3.14
portable battery
battery for use in a device or appliance which is conveniently hand-carried

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SIST EN 62133-1:2018
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3.15
portable cell
cell intended for assembly in a portable battery
3.16
rated capacity
capacity value of a cell or battery determined under specified conditions and declared by the
manufacturer
Note 1 to entry: The rated capacity is the quantity of electricity C Ah (ampere-hours) declared by the
5
manufacturer which a single cell can deliver when discharged at the reference test current of 0,2 I A to a specified
t
final voltage, after charging, storing and discharging under specified conditions.
[SOURCE: IEC 60050-482:2004, 482-03-15, modified – In the definition, "battery" has been
replaced with "cell or battery". Note 1 to entry has been added.]
3.17
reference test current
I
t
charge or discharge current, expressed as a multiple of I A, where I A = C Ah/1 h, as
t t 5
defined in IEC 61434, and based on the rated capacity (C Ah) of the cell or battery
5
3.18
button cell
coin cell
cell with a cylindrical shape in which the overall height is less than the diameter, e.g. in the
shape of a button or a coin
Note 1 to entry: In practice, the term coin is used exclusively for non-aqueous lithium cells.
[SOURCE: IEC 60050-482:2004, 482-02-40]
3.19
cylindrical cell
cell with a cylindrical shape in which the overall height is equal to or greater than the diameter
[SOURCE: IEC 60050-482:2004, 482-02-39]
3.20
prismatic cell
cell having the shape of a parallelepiped whose faces are rectangular
[SOURCE: IEC 60050-482:2004, 482-02-38, modified – The source term is "prismatic" (adj.).
In the definition, "qualifies a cell or a battery" has been replaced with "cell".]
4 Parameter measurement tolerances
The overall accuracy of controlled or measured values, relative to the specified or actual
parameters, shall be within these tolerances:
a) ± 1 % for voltage;
b) ± 1 % for current;
c) ± 2 °C for temperature;
d) ± 0,1 % for time;
e) ± 1 % for dimension;
f) ± 1 % for capacity.

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SIST EN 62133-1:2018
IEC 62133-1:2017 © IEC 2017 – 9 –
These tolerances comprise the combined accuracy of the measuring instruments, the
measurement techniques used, and all other sources of error in the test procedure.
The details of the instrumentation used shall be provided in any report of results.
5 General safety considerations
5.1 General
The safety of secondary cells and batteries requires the consideration of two sets of applied
conditions:
1) intended use;
2) reasonably foreseeable misuse.
Cells and batteries shall be so designed and constructed that they are safe under conditions
of both intended use and reasonably foreseeable misuse. It is expected that cells or batteries
subjected to misuse may fail to function following such experience. They shall not however
present significant hazards. It may also be expected that cells and batteries subjected to
intended use shall not only be safe but shall continue to be functional in all respects.
Potential hazards which are the subject of this document are:
• fire,
• burst/explosion,
• leakage of cell electrolyte,
• venting,
• burns from excessively high external temperatures,
• rupture of battery case with exposure of internal components.
Conformity with 5.2 to 5.7 for cells and batteries other than button cells is checked by
inspection, by the tests of Clauses 7, and in accordance with the appropriate standard (see
Clause 2 and Table 1).
5.2 Insulation and wiring
The insulation resistance between the positive terminal and externally exposed metal surfaces
of the battery excluding electrical contact surfaces shall be not less than 5 MΩ at 500 V DC
when measured 60 s after applying the voltage.
Internal wiring and insulation should be sufficient to withstand the maximum anticipated
current, voltage and temperature requirements. The orientation of wiring should be such that
adequate clearances and creepage distances are maintained between conductors. The
mechanical integrity of internal connections should be sufficient to accommodate conditions of
reasonably foreseeable misuse (i.e. solder alone is not considered a reliable means of
connection).
5.3 Venting
Battery cases and cells shall incorporate a pressure relief mechanism or shall be so
constructed that they will relieve excessive internal pressure at a value and rate that will
preclude rupture, explosion and self-ignition. If encapsulation is used to support cells within
an outer case, the type of encapsulant and the method of encapsulation shall neither cause
the battery to overheat during normal operation nor inhibit pressure relief.

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5.4 Temperature, voltage and current management
The design of batteries shall be such that abnormal temperature-rise conditions are
prevented. Batteries shall be designed to be within temperature, voltage and current limits
specified by the cell manufacturer. Batteries shall be provided with specifications and
charging instructions for equipment manufacturers so that associated chargers are designed
to maintain charging within the temperature, voltage and current limits specified.
Where necessary, applicable means can be provided to limit current to safe levels during
charge and discharge.
5.5 Terminal contacts
The size and shape of the terminal contacts shall ensure that they can carry the maximum
anticipated current. External terminal contact surfaces shall be formed from conductive
materials with good mechanical strength and corrosion resistance. Terminal contacts shall be
arranged so as to minimize the risk of short circuits.
5.6 Assembly of cells into batteries
If there is more than one battery housed in a single battery case, cells used in the assembly
of each battery shall have closely matched capacities, be of the same design, be of the same
chemistry and be from the same manufacturer. The battery shall have some type of safety
device or feature for charging.
Manufacturers of cells shall specif
...