ISCB - Secondary cells and batteries

IEC-63115-2:2021 specifies designations, tests and requirements for the safe operation of sealed nickel-metal hydride cells and batteries used in industrial applications excluding road vehicles. Since this document covers batteries for various industrial applications, it includes those requirements which are common and minimum to the various applications.

IEC 62485-6:2021 applies to battery installations used for electric off-road vehicles; it does not cover the design of such vehicles.
Examples of the main applications are:
- industrial
• cleaning machines,
• trucks for material handling, for example, lift trucks, tow trucks, automatic guided vehicles,
• electrically propulsed lifting platforms;
- other applications
• electric powered boats and ships.

This part of IEC 62485 applies to the installation of one or more stationary secondary
batteries having a maximum aggregate DC voltage of 1 500 V to any DC part of the power
network, and describes the principal measures for protections during normal operation or
under expected fault conditions against hazards generated from:
– electricity,
– short-circuits,
– electrolyte,
– gas emission,
– fire,
– explosion.
This document provides requirements on safety aspects associated with the installation, use,
inspection, and maintenance and disposal of lithium ion batteries used in stationary
applications.
This document covers stationary batteries for industrial applications that are installed in
separate closed buildings or housings as well as stationary batteries that are installed in
public buildings, offices and private residences. This document also covers the maintenance
and disposal of lithium ion batteries used in stationary applications.
Batteries containing lithium metal are not covered by this document.
Examples of the main applications are:
– telecommunications,
– power station operation,
– central emergency lighting and alarm systems,
– uninterruptible power supplies (UPS),
– stationary engine starting,
– photovoltaic systems.
In general, the safety requirements for secondary batteries and battery installations – General
safety information and definitions are specified for lead-acid, nickel-cadmium and nickel-metal
hybrid batteries in accordance with IEC 62485-1.

This document is applicable to lead-acid batteries powering electric two-wheelers (mopeds)
and three-wheelers (e-rickshaws and delivery vehicles), and also to golf cars and similar light
utility and multi-passenger vehicles.
a) operate them most often in an environment with many bystanders who are unaware of the
possible risks involved. The batteries have thus to be eminently reliable, consumer friendly
and minimize risks of fire, explosions, electrical shocks and chemical burns.
These batteries are submitted to frequent and deep discharges with electrical power delivered
to the propulsion system in short surges of high current when accelerating, followed by lower
current levels when at cruising speed. The subsequent charge of the battery can also occur in
areas accessible to the public.
The document specifies methods of tests tailored to batteries destined for the
above-referenced types of vehicles so as to ensure satisfactory and safe battery performance
in the intended application.
This document does not apply for example to lead acid cells and batteries used for:
• vehicle engine starting applications (IEC 60095 series);
• traction applications (IEC 60254 series);
• stationary applications (IEC 60896 series);
• general purpose applications (IEC 61056 series); or to
• motorized wheelchairs and similar personal assist vehicles.

This document specifies requirements and tests for the product safety of secondary lithium
cells and batteries used in electrical energy storage systems (Figure 2) with a maximum DC
voltage of 1 500 V (nominal).
Basic safety requirements for the secondary lithium cells and batteries used in industrial
applications are included in IEC 62619. This document provides additional or specific
requirements for electrical energy storage systems.
Since this document covers batteries for various electrical energy storage systems, it includes
those requirements which are common and minimum to the electrical energy storage systems.
Examples of appliances that are within the scope of this document are:
• telecommunications,
• central emergency lighting and alarm systems,
• stationary engine starting,
• photovoltaic systems,
• home (residential) energy storage systems (HESS), and
• large energy storage: on-grid/off-grid.
This document applies to cells and batteries for uninterruptible power supplies (UPS).
This document does not apply to portable systems 500 Wh or below, which are covered by
IEC 61960-3.

This part of IEC 62984 specifies safety requirements and test procedures for high-temperature
batteries for mobile and/or stationary use and whose rated voltage does not exceed 1 500 V.
This document does not cover aircraft batteries, which are covered by IEC 60952 (all parts),
and batteries for the propulsion of electric road vehicles, covered by IEC 61982 (all parts).
NOTE High-temperature batteries are electrochemical systems whose cells' internal minimum operating
temperature is above 100 °C.

IEC 62984-1:2020 specifies general aspects, definitions and tests for high-temperature secondary batteries for mobile and/or stationary use and whose nominal voltage does not exceed 1 500 V. This document does not cover aircraft batteries, which are covered by IEC 60952 (all parts), or batteries for the propulsion of electric road vehicles, covered by IEC 61982 (all parts).

This part of IEC 62932 specifies methods of test and requirements for the flow battery system
(FBS) and the flow battery energy system (FBES) for the verification of their performances.
This document is applicable to FBES or FBS which are designed and used for service in
stationary locations (i.e. not generally to be moved from place to place).
This document does not cover testing of the system for electromagnetic compatibility (EMC).

This part of IEC 62932 relates to flow battery energy systems (FBES) used in electrical energy
storage (EES) applications and provides the main terminology and general aspects of this
technology, including terms necessary for the definition of unit parameters, test methods, safety
and environmental issues.

This document specifies safety tests and requirements for secondary lithium batteries
permanently installed in road vehicles not for the propulsion. Replacement secondary
batteries permanently installed in road vehicles not for propulsion are covered by this
document.
The following are typical applications that utilize the batteries under the scope of this
document: a power source for the starting of internal combustion engines, lighting, on-board
auxiliary equipment, and energy absorption for regeneration from braking.
This document applies to batteries with a maximum voltage less than or equal to 60 V DC.
The batteries primarily used for propulsion of electric vehicles (EVs), including battery electric
vehicles (BEVs), hybrid electric vehicles (HEVs), and plug-in hybrid electric vehicles (PHEVs)
are not covered by this document.
NOTE Testing on cell level is specified in IEC 62619.

This European Standard is applicable to lead-acid batteries used for starting, lighting and ignition of passenger automobiles and light commercial vehicles with a nominal voltage of 12 V.
All batteries in accordance with this European Standard can be fastened to the vehicle either by means of the ledges around the case or by means of a hold-down device engaging with the lid.

This document is applicable to lead-acid batteries used for heavy vehicles.
The object of this document is to specify the European requirements of the main dimensions of starter batteries.
For new and future developments of the above applications, it is strongly recommended that only batteries from the “Preferred Types” series be used.
Batteries of the series of “Other Types” exist under several national standards. They have been transferred from the previous standard EN 60095-4.
The preferred types A, B and C are newly introduced and correspond closely to the types D4, D5 and D6 with some differences in tolerances and dimensions.

This part of IEC 62984 specifies performance requirements and test procedures for
hightemperature
batteries based on sodium for mobile and/or stationary use and whose rated
voltage does not exceed 1 500 V.
Sodium based batteries include sodium-sulphur batteries and sodium-nickel chloride batteries;
both are high-temperature batteries and use a solid, sodium conducting electrolyte. Additional
information on sodiumbased
batteries technology, their chemistries and construction are given
in Annex B.
This document does not cover aircraft batteries, covered by IEC 60952 (all parts), and batteries
for the propulsion of electric road vehicles, covered by IEC 61982 (all parts).
NOTE High-temperature batteries are electrochemical systems whose cells' internal minimum operating
temperature is above 100 °C.

This part of IEC 61960 specifies performance tests, designations, markings, dimensions and
other requirements for coin secondary lithium cells and batteries for portable applications and
backup power supply such as memory backup applications.
The objective of this document is to provide the purchasers and users of coin secondary lithium
cells and batteries with a set of criteria with which they can assess the performance of coin
secondary lithium cells and batteries offered by various manufacturers.
This document defines a minimum required level of performance and a standardized
methodology by which testing is performed and the results of this testing reported to the user.
Hence, users will be able to establish the viability of commercially available cells and batteries
via the declared specification and thus be able to select the cell or battery best suited for their
intended application.
This document covers coin secondary lithium cells and batteries with a range of chemistries.
Each electrochemical couple has a characteristic voltage range over which, during discharge,
it releases its electrical capacity, a characteristic nominal voltage and a characteristic end-ofdischarge
voltage. Users of coin secondary lithium cells and batteries are requested to consult
the manufacturer for advice.
This document also provides guidelines for designers of equipment using lithium batteries (see
Annex A).

This part of IEC 62932 applies to flow battery systems for stationary applications and their
installations with a maximum voltage not exceeding 1 500 V DC in compliance with
IEC 62932-1.
This document defines the requirements and test methods for risk reduction and protection
measures against significant hazards relevant to flow battery systems, to persons, property and
the environment, or to a combination of them.
This document is applicable to stationary flow battery systems intended for indoor and outdoor
commercial and industrial use in non-hazardous (unclassified) areas.
This document covers significant hazards, hazardous situations and events, with the exception
of those associated with natural disaster, relevant to flow battery systems, when they are used
as intended and under the conditions foreseen by the manufacturer including reasonably
foreseeable misuse thereof.
The requirements described in this document are not intended to constrain innovations. When
considering fluids, materials, designs or constructions not specifically dealt with in this
document, these alternatives are evaluated as to their ability to yield levels of safety equivalent
to those specified in this document.

EN-IEC 63115-1 specifies the marking, designation, tests and requirements for sealednickelmetalhydride cells and batteries used in industrial applications, including stationaryapplications. When an IEC International Standard specifying test conditions and requirements for cellsused in special applications is in conflict with this document, the former takes precedence (e.g.IEC 62675).The following are some examples of applications that utilize the cells and batteries fallingunder the scope of this document.- Stationary applications: telecom, uninterruptible power supplies (UPS), electrical energystorage system, utility switching, emergency power and similar applications.- Motive applications: fork-lift truck, golf cart, AGV (Automatic Guided Vehicle), railway, andmarine, excluding road vehicles.Since this document covers batteries for various industrial applications, it includes thoserequirements that are common and minimum to the various applications.This document applies to cells and batteries. If the battery is divided into smaller units, thesmaller unit can be tested as representative of the battery. The manufacturer clearly declaresthe tested unit. The manufacturer can add functions to the tested unit that are present in thefinal battery.

This document specifies methods for the clear identification of secondary cells, batteries,
battery modules and monoblocs according to their chemistry (electrochemical storage
technology).
The markings described in this document are applicable for secondary cells, batteries, battery
modules and monoblocs with a volume of more than 900 cm3.
The marking of the chemistry is useful for the installation, operation and decommissioning
phases of battery life.
Many recycling processes are chemistry specific, thus undesired events can occur when a
battery which is not of the appropriate chemistry enters a given recycling process. In order to
ensure safe handling during sorting and recycling processes, therefore, the battery is marked
so as to identify its chemistry.
This document defines the conditions of utilization of the markings indicating the chemistry of
these secondary batteries.
The details of markings and their application are defined in this document.
NOTE Nothing in this document precludes the marking of batteries with recycling and chemistry symbols required
by state, federal, national or regional laws or regulations or with a seal under license by a national recycling
program.

This part of IEC 62660 specifies test procedures to observe the reliability and abuse
behaviour of secondary lithium-ion cells and cell blocks used for propulsion of electric
vehicles including battery electric vehicles (BEV) and hybrid electric vehicles (HEV).
NOTE 1 Secondary lithium-ion cells used for propulsion of plug-in hybrid electric vehicles (PHEV) can be tested
by the procedure either for BEV application or HEV application, according to the battery system design, based on
the agreement between the cell manufacturer and the customer.
This document specifies the standard test procedures and conditions for basic characteristics
of lithium-ion cells for use in propulsion of battery and hybrid electric vehicles. The tests are
indispensable for obtaining essential data on reliability and abuse behaviour of lithium-ion
cells for use in various designs of battery systems and battery packs.
This document provides standard classification of description of test results to be used for the
design of battery systems or battery packs.
NOTE 2 Cell blocks can be used as an alternative to cells according to the agreement between the cell
manufacturer and the customer.
NOTE 3 The safety requirements of lithium-ion cells for electric vehicle application are defined in IEC 62660-3 [3].

This part of IEC 62660 specifies performance and life testing of secondary lithium-ion cells
used for propulsion of electric vehicles including battery electric vehicles (BEV) and hybrid
electric vehicles (HEV).
NOTE 1 Secondary lithium-ion cell used for propulsion of plug-in hybrid electric vehicle (PHEV) can be tested by
the procedure either for BEV application or HEV application, according to the battery system design, based on the
agreement between the cell manufacturer and the customer.
This document specifies the test procedures to obtain the essential characteristics of lithiumion
cells for vehicle propulsion applications regarding capacity, power density, energy density,
storage life and cycle life.
This document provides the standard test procedures and conditions for testing basic
performance characteristics of lithium-ion cells for vehicle propulsion applications, which are
indispensable for securing a basic level of performance and obtaining essential data on cells
for various designs of battery systems and battery packs.
NOTE 2 Based on the agreement between the cell manufacturer and the customer, specific test conditions can be
selected in addition to the conditions specified in this document. Selective test conditions are described in Annex A.
NOTE 3 The performance tests for the electrically connected lithium-ion cells can be performed with reference to
this document.
NOTE 4 The test specification for lithium-ion battery packs and systems is defined in ISO 12405-4 [1].

This European Standard is applicable to lead-acid batteries with a nominal voltage of 12 V, used primarily as a power source for the starting of internal combustion engines, lighting and also for auxiliary equipment of internal combustion engine vehicles. These batteries are commonly called "starter batteries". Batteries with a nominal voltage of 6 V are also included within the scope of this standard. All referenced voltages need to be divided by two for 6 V batteries.
This European Standard is applicable to batteries for the following purposes:
- batteries for passenger cars,
- batteries for commercial and industrial vehicles.
This European Standard is not applicable to batteries for other purposes, for example the starting of railcar internal combustion engines or for motorcycles.

This European Standard is applicable to lead-acid batteries with a nominal voltage of 12 V, used primarily as power source for the starting of internal combustion engines (ICE), lighting and also for auxiliary equipment of ICE vehicles. These batteries are commonly called "starter batteries". Batteries with a nominal voltage of 6 V are also included in the scope of this standard. All referenced voltages need to be divided by two for 6 V batteries. The batteries under scope of this standard are used for micro-cycle applications in vehicles which can also be called Start-Stop (or Stop-Start, idling-stop system, micro-hybrid or idle-stop-and-go) applications. In cars with this special capability, the internal combustion engine is switched off during a complete vehicle stop, during idling with low speed or during idling without the need of supporting the vehicle movement by the internal combustion engine. During the phases in which the engine is switched off, most of the electric and electronic components of the car need to be supplied by the battery without support of the alternator. In addition, in most cases an additional regenerative braking (recuperation or regeneration of braking energy) function is installed. The batteries under these applications are stressed in a completely different way compared to classical starter batteries. Aside of these additional properties, those batteries need to crank the ICE and support the lighting and also auxiliary functions in a standard operating mode with support of the alternator when the internal combustion engine is switched on. All batteries under this scope need to fulfil basic functions, which are tested under application of EN 50342-1:2015.
This European Standard is applicable to batteries for the following purposes:
- Lead-acid batteries of the dimensions according to EN 50342-2 for vehicles with the capability to automatically switch off the ICE during vehicle operation either in standstill or moving ("Start-Stop");
- Lead-acid batteries of the dimensions according to EN 50342-2 for vehicles with Start-Stop applications with the capability to recover braking energy or energy from other sources.
This standard is not applicable to batteries for purposes other than mentioned above, but it is applicable to EFB delivered in dry-charged conditions according to EN 50342-1:2015, Clause 7.

This Part of IEC 62485 applies to the safety aspects associated with the accommodation, the
arrangements of circuits and the operation of secondary valve-regulated lead-acid cells and
batteries in portable appliances. Requirements are specified which oblige the manufacturers
of appliances and secondary batteries to prevent the misuse of batteries in the course of
operation to provide protective measures avoiding injury to persons in case of battery failure
and to provide sufficient information to users.
This standard does not apply to secondary cells and batteries containing alkaline or other
non-acid electrolytes.

This part of the IEC 62485 applies to stationary secondary batteries and battery installations
with a maximum voltage of DC 1 500 V (nominal) and describes the principal measures for
protections against hazards generated from:
– electricity,
– gas emission,
– electrolyte.
This International Standard provides requirements on safety aspects associated with the
erection, use, inspection, maintenance and disposal.
It covers lead-acid and NiCd / NiMH batteries.
Examples for the main applications are:
– telecommunications,
– power station operation,
– central emergency lighting and alarm systems,
– uninterruptible power supplies,
– stationary engine starting,
– photovoltaic systems.

This Part of IEC 62485 specifies the basic requirements for secondary batteries and battery
installations.
The requirements regarding safety, reliability, life expectancy, mechanical strength, cycle
stability, internal resistance, and battery temperature, are determined by various applications,
and this, in turn, determines the selection of the battery design and technology.
In general, the requirements and definitions are specified for lead-acid and nickel-cadmium
batteries. For other battery systems with aqueous electrolyte, the requirements may be
applied accordingly.
The standard covers safety aspects taking into account hazards associated with:
– electricity (installation, charging, discharging, etc.);
– electrolyte;
– inflammable gas mixtures;
– storage and transportation.
With respect to electrical safety, reference is made to IEC 60364-4-41.

IEC 61951-1:2013 specifies marking, designation, dimensions, tests and requirements for portable sealed nickel-cadmium small prismatic, cylindrical and button rechargeable single cells, suitable for use in any orientation. This third edition cancels and replaces the second edition (2003) and its amendment 1 (2005) of which it constitutes a technical revision. This edition includes the following significant technical changes with respect to the previous edition:   - addition of several new cell sizes;  - introduction of a new cell type J;  - creation of Annex A (informative): Capacity of batteries measurement.

This document specifies requirements and tests for the safe operation of secondary lithium
cells and batteries used in industrial applications including stationary applications.
When there exists an IEC standard specifying test conditions and requirements for cells used
in special applications and which is in conflict with this document, the former takes
precedence (e.g., IEC 62660 series on road vehicles).
The following are some examples of applications that utilize cells and batteries under the
scope of this document.
• Stationary applications: telecom, uninterruptible power supplies (UPS), electrical energy
storage system, utility switching, emergency power, and similar applications.
• Motive applications: forklift truck, golf cart, auto guided vehicle (AGV), railway, and marine,
excluding road vehicles.
Since this document covers batteries for various industrial applications, it includes those
requirements, which are common and minimum to the various applications.
Electrical safety is included only as a part of the risk analysis of Clause 8. In regard to details
for addressing electrical safety, the end use application standard requirements have to be
considered.
This document applies to cells and batteries. If the battery is divided into smaller units, the
smaller unit can be tested as the representative of the battery. The manufacturer clearly
declares the tested unit. The manufacturer may add functions, which are present in the final
battery to the tested unit.

This part of IEC 63005 describes basic requirements for event video data recorders (EVDRs)
for road vehicle accidents, used for identifying and analysing causes of accidents based on
video from a front-mounted camera and other information obtained before and after such
events. In addition to video from a front-mounted camera and vehicle behaviour, these
products can record side and/or rear video data for enhanced functionalities in determining
causes of accidents and analysing collision events.

This part of IEC 62133 specifies requirements and tests for the safe operation of portable
sealed secondary nickel cells and batteries containing alkaline electrolyte, under intended use
and reasonably foreseeable misuse.

This part of IEC 62133 specifies requirements and tests for the safe operation of portable
sealed secondary lithium cells and batteries containing non-acid electrolyte, under intended
use and reasonably foreseeable misuse.

IEC 61951-2:2011 specifies marking, designation, dimensions, tests and requirements for portable sealed nickel-metal hydride, small prismatic, cylindrical and button rechargeable single cells, suitable for use in any orientation. This third edition cancels and replaces the second edition published in 2003 of which it constitutes a technical revision. This edition includes the following significant technical changes with respect to the previous edition:  - clause 4: addition of 2 parameters;   - clause 5: addition of cells type 'S' and cells type 'T';  - subclause 6.1.2: addition of new cylindrical cells;  - subclause 7.8: addition of a specific test for 'S' cells.

IEC 60623 specifies marking, designation, dimensions, tests and requirements for vented
nickel-cadmium prismatic secondary single cells.
NOTE In this context, "prismatic" refers to cells having rectangular sides and base.
When there exists an IEC standard specifying test conditions and requirements for cells used
in special applications and which is in conflict with this document, the former takes
precedence.

This part of IEC 62660 specifies test procedures and the acceptance criteria for safety
performance of secondary lithium-ion cells and cell blocks used for the propulsion of electric
vehicles (EV) including battery electric vehicles (BEV) and hybrid electric vehicles (HEV).
NOTE 1 Cell blocks can be used as an alternative to cells according to the agreement between the manufacturer
and the customer.
NOTE 2 Concerning the cell for plug-in hybrid electric vehicle (PHEV), the manufacturer can select either the test
condition of the BEV application or the HEV application.
This International Standard intends to determine the basic safety performance of cells used in
a battery pack and system under intended use, and reasonably foreseeable misuse or
incident, during the normal operation of the EV. The safety requirements of the cell in this
standard are based on the premise that the cells are properly used in a battery pack and
system within the limits for voltage, current and temperature as specified by the cell
manufacturer (cell operating region).
The evaluation of the safety of cells during transport and storage is not covered by this
standard.
NOTE 3 The safety performance requirements for lithium-ion battery packs and systems are defined in
ISO 12405-3. The specifications and safety requirements for lithium-ion battery packs and systems of electrically
propelled mopeds and motorcycles are defined in ISO 18243 (under development). IEC 62619 (under development)
covers the safety requirements for the lithium ion cells and batteries for industrial applications including forklift
trucks, golf carts, and automated guided vehicles.
NOTE 4 Information on the cell operating region is provided in Annex A.

This standard specifies test methods and requirements for secondary lithium batteries and its interface with an appropriate charging system for the safe use in EPACs.
This standard does not apply to performance and functional characteristics of batteries.
This standard refers to the UN Recommendations on the Transport of Dangerous Goods - Manual of Tests and Criteria: Section 38.3 which are performed independently from this testing program. Test reports issued by an ILAC, APLAC or similar accredited party are acceptable for the Battery complying with all aspects of Section 38.3 of Manual of Tests and Criteria of UN Recommendations on the Transport of Dangerous Goods for this test option.
This standard treats electric chargers only as far as it defines requirements for the interface between pack and charger which influence the safety of Li-battery-packs while being charged.
This standard does not cover batteries for electric vehicles covered by ISO 6469 and ISO 18246.
For cells: Relevant international standard IEC 62133, IEC 61960; IEC 62660.
This standard does not apply to:
-   lithium cells;
-   batteries other than lithium ion types;
-   primary Batteries(including lithium types);
-   lithium Battery Packs with a total weight exceeding 12 kg (UNT 38.3);
-   batteries covered by ISO 12405 and ISO 18243.

This part of IEC 62877 applies to water for use with vented lead-acid cells and batteries, i.e.
water for preparation of electrolyte and for topping up cells or batteries.
The purity of refilling water has to meet higher requirements compared to filling electrolyte,
because the impurities in the operating electrolyte will be gradually increased by regular
addition of water.
This international standard lays down requirements of the composition, purity and properties
of water in the absence of specific recommendations from the manufacturer.

This part of IEC 62877 applies to electrolyte and their components used for filling vented
lead-acid batteries, for example dry charged cells or batteries, and for electrolyte replacement
or electrolyte density adjustment of batteries in operation. This international standard defines
the composition, purity and properties of electrolyte to be applied where specific instructions
from the battery manufacturer are not available.

This Part of IEC 61982 specifies test procedures and acceptance criteria for safety
performance of nickel-metal hydride (Ni-MH) secondary cells and modules used for the
propulsion of electric vehicles (EV) including battery electric vehicles (BEV) and hybrid
electric vehicles (HEV).
This standard intends to secure the basic safety performance of the cell as used in a battery
system under intended use and reasonably foreseeable misuse, during the normal operation
of EV. The safety requirements of the cell in this standard are based on the premise that the
cells and modules are properly used in a battery pack and system within the limit of voltage,
current and temperature as specified by the cell manufacturer.
The evaluation of the safety of batteries during transport and storage is not covered by this
standard.
NOTE 1 In this standard, Ni-MH cells mean the sealed nickel-metal hydride cells: these are sealed cells that use
nickel hydroxide at the positive electrode, a hydrogen absorbing alloy at the negative electrode, and alkaline
aqueous solution such as potassium hydroxide as the electrolyte. Sealed-type cells are those that can maintain
their sealed condition and do not release gas or liquid when electrically charged and discharged within the
temperature range specified by the cell manufacturer. These cells are equipped with a gas release mechanism to
prevent explosion.
NOTE 2 In this standard, all the description on the cell are applicable to the module under the test.

This part of IEC 61427 relates to secondary batteries used in on-grid Electrical Energy
Storage (EES) applications and provides the associated methods of test for the verification of
their endurance, properties and electrical performance in such applications. The test methods
are essentially battery chemistry neutral, i.e. applicable to all secondary battery types.
On-grid applications are characterized by the fact that batteries are connected, via power
conversion devices, to a regional or nation- or continent-wide electricity grid and act as
instantaneous energy sources and sinks to stabilize the grid’s performance when randomly
major amounts of electrical energy from renewable energy sources are fed into it.
Related power conversion and interface equipment is not covered by this part of IEC 61427.

This standard is applicable to lead-acid batteries with a nominal voltage of 12 V, used primarily as a power source for the starting of internal combustion engines, lighting and also for auxiliary equipment of internal combustion engine vehicles. These batteries are commonly called “starter batteries”. Batteries with a nominal voltage of 6 V are also included within the scope of this standard. All referenced voltages have to be divided by two for 6 V batteries.
This standard is applicable to batteries for the following purposes:
−   batteries for passenger cars,
−   batteries for commercial and industrial vehicles.
This standard is not applicable to batteries for other purposes, for example the starting of railcar internal combustion engines or for motorcycles.
NOTE   Separate standard for motorcycle batteries is under preparation.

This standard is applicable to lead-acid batteries with a nominal voltage of 12 V, used primarily as power source for the starting of internal combustion engines (ICE), lighting and also for auxiliary equipment of ICE vehicles. These batteries are commonly called "starter batteries". Batteries with a nominal voltage of 6 V are also included within the scope of this standard. All referenced voltages have to be divided by two for 6 V batteries. The batteries under scope of this standard are used for micro-cycle applications in vehicles which can also be called Start-Stop (or Stop-Start, idling-stop system, micro-hybrid or idle-stop-and-go) applications. In cars with this special capability the internal combustion engine is switched off during a complete vehicle stop, during idling with low speed or during idling without the need of supporting the vehicle movement by the internal combustion engine. During the phases in which the engine is switched off, most of the electric and electronic components of the car have to be supplied by the battery without support of the alternator. In addition, in most cases an additional regenerative braking (recuperation or regeneration of braking energy) function is installed. The batteries under these applications are stressed in a completely different way compared to classical starter batteries. Aside of these additional properties, those batteries have to crank the ICE and support the lighting and also auxiliary functions in a standard operating mode with support of the alternator when the internal combustion engine is switched on. All batteries under this scope have to fulfil basic functions which are tested under application of EN 50342-1. This standard is applicable to batteries for the following purposes:  •   Lead-acid batteries of the dimensions according to EN 50342-2 for vehicles with the capability to automatically switch off the ICE during vehicle operation either stand still or moving (“Start-Stop”); •   Lead-acid batteries of the dimensions according to EN 50342-2 for vehicles with Start-Stop applications with the capability to recover braking energy or energy from other sources. This standard is not applicable to batteries for purposes other than mentioned above. Remark: The applicability of this standard also for batteries according to EN 50342-4 is under consideration.

This European Standard is applicable to lead-acid batteries used for starting, lighting and ignition of passenger automobiles and light commercial vehicles with a nominal voltage of 12 V. All batteries in accordance with this European Standard can be fastened to the vehicle either by means of the ledges around the case or by means of a hold-down device engaging with the lid.

This standard is applicable to lead-acid batteries used primarily as a power source for the starting of internal combustion engines, lighting and ignition of motorcycles power sport vehicles and all terrain vehicles up to a maximum capacity of 35 Ah (C10) (further on referred as batteries). The nominal voltage is 12 V or 6 V.

This International Standard specifies marking, tests and requirements for lithium secondary
cells and batteries used in industrial applications including stationary applications.
When there exists an IEC standard specifying test conditions and requirements for cells used
in special applications and which is in conflict with this standard, the former takes precedence.
(e.g. IEC 62660 series on road vehicles).
The following are some examples of applications that utilize the cells and batteries under the
scope of this standard.
• Stationary applications: telecom, uninterruptible power supplies (UPS), electrical energy
storage system, utility switching, emergency power and similar applications.
• Motive applications: fork-lift truck, golf cart, AGV, railway, and marine, excluding road
vehicles.
Since this standard covers batteries for various industrial applications, it includes those
requirements, which are common and minimum to the various applications.
This standard applies to cells and batteries. If the battery is divided into smaller units, the
smaller unit can be tested as the representative of the battery. The manufacturer clearly
declares the tested unit. The manufacturer may add functions, which are present in the final
battery, to the tested unit.

This part of the IEC 62485 applies to secondary batteries and battery installations used for
electric vehicles, e.g. in electric industrial trucks (including lift trucks, tow trucks, cleaning
machines, automatic guided vehicles), in battery powered locomotives, in electric vehicles (e.g.
goods vehicles, golf carts, bicycles, wheelchairs), and does not cover the design of such
vehicles.
This International Standard covers lead dioxide-lead (lead-acid), nickel oxide-cadmium, nickeloxide-
metal hydride and other alkaline secondary batteries. Safety aspects of secondary lithium
batteries in such applications will be covered in their own appropriate standards.
The nominal voltages are limited to 1 000 V a.c. and 1 500 V d.c. respectively and the principal
measures for protection against hazards generally from electricity, gas emission and electrolyte
are described.
It provides requirements on safety aspects associated with the installation, use, inspection,
maintenance and disposal of batteries.

This International Standard specifies marking, designation, dimensions, tests and
requirements for sealed nickel-metal hydride prismatic secondary single cells.
NOTE In this context, "prismatic" refers to cells having rectangular sides and base.
When there exists an IEC standard specifying test conditions and requirements for cells used
in special applications and which is in conflict with this standard, the former takes precedence.

EN IEC 61951-1 specifies marking, designation, dimensions, tests and requirements for portable sealed nickel-cadmium small prismatic, cylindrical and button rechargeable single cells, suitable for use in any orientation.

This part of the IEC 61427 series gives general information relating to the requirements for the secondary batteries used in photovoltaic energy systems (PVES) and to the typical methods of test used for the verification of battery performances. This part deals with cells and batteries used in photovoltaic off-grid applications.

This part of the IEC 60952 series defines test procedures for the evaluation, comparison and qualification of batteries and states minimum performance and environmental levels for airworthiness. Where specific tests are defined with no pass/fail requirement (to establish performance capability), the manufacturer’s declared values, from qualification testing, will be used to establish minimum requirements for ongoing maintenance of approval for that design of battery. To provide representative examples, this standard utilises voltage and current values based upon an aircraft electrical system nominally rated at 28 V d.c. Additionally, the nominal values for cell voltage are assumed to be 1,2 V per cell for nickel-cadmium batteries and 2,0 V per cell for lead-acid batteries. The specific topics addressed in this part of IEC 60952 serve to establish acceptable quality standards required to qualify a battery as airworthy. In cases where the requirements for a specific application exceed those detailed in this standard, the purchaser will detail said requirements in the product specification and the method of establishing compliance. It is recognised that additional data may be required by other organisations (national standards bodies, AECMA, SAE etc.). The present standard can be used as a framework to devise tests for generation of the required data.

This part of IEC 60952 series defines the physical design, construction and material requirements for nickel-cadmium and lead-acid aircraft batteries containing vented or valveregulated cells or monoblocs. The batteries are used for both general purposes and specific aerospace applications. The specific topics addressed in this part serve to establish acceptable quality standards required to qualify a battery as airworthy as defined in Clause 3 of IEC 60952-1:2013. A preferred range of aircraft batteries is specified in Annex A, but this part of IEC 60952 series may be used for other battery sizes, arrangements and ratings. For particular applications, other design requirements may be stipulated. These will be in addition to the requirements of this part and will be covered by specific documents. It is recognised that additional data may be required by other organisations (national standards bodies, AECMA, SAE, etc.). The present standard can be used as a framework to devise tests for generation of the required data.

This part of IEC 60952 defines requirements for the product specification as well as procedures for a Declaration of Design and Performance (DDP) for nickel-cadmium and lead-acid aircraft batteries containing vented or valve-regulated cells or monoblocs. The batteries are used for both general purposes and specific aerospace applications. The specific topics addressed in this part serve to establish acceptable quality standards required to qualify a battery as airworthy as defined in Clause 3 of IEC 60952-1:2013. The design construction and test requirements should conform to the requirements specified in IEC 60952-1 and IEC 60952-2. It is recognised that additional data may be required by other organisations (national standards bodies, AECMA, SAE etc.). The present standard can be used as a framework to devise tests for generation of the required data.