SIST EN 13447:2002
(Main)Electrically propelled road vehicles - Terminology
Electrically propelled road vehicles - Terminology
This standard gives definitions used in European standards for electrically propelled road vehicles. It is not intented to give definitions of all terms concerning these vehicles, but to permit a good understanding of the content of standards dealing with electrically propelled road vehicles.
Elektrisch angetriebene Strassenfahrzeuge - Terminologie
Diese Norm enthält Definitionen, die in Europäischen Normen für elektrisch angetriebene Straßenfahrzeuge verwendet werden. Sie enthält bewusst nicht alle Definitionen von Begriffen, die diese Fahrzeuge betreffen, ermöglicht aber ein ausreichendes Verständnis des Inhalts der Normen für elektrisch angetriebene Straßenfahrzeugen.
Véhicules routiers a propulsion électrique - Terminologie
1 Domaine d'application
La présente norme contient des définitions utilisées dans les normes européennes pour les véhicules routiers a propulsion électrique. Elle n'a pas pour objet de donner la définition de tous les termes concernant ce type de véhicule mais de permettre une bonne compréhension du contenu de normes traitant des véhicules routiers a propulsion électrique.
Electrically propelled road vehicles - Terminology
General Information
Standards Content (Sample)
SLOVENSKI STANDARD
SIST EN 13447:2002
01-januar-2002
Electrically propelled road vehicles - Terminology
Electrically propelled road vehicles - Terminology
Elektrisch angetriebene Strassenfahrzeuge - Terminologie
Véhicules routiers a propulsion électrique - Terminologie
Ta slovenski standard je istoveten z: EN 13447:2001
ICS:
01.040.43 Cestna vozila (Slovarji) Road vehicle engineering
(Vocabularies)
43.120 (OHNWULþQDFHVWQDYR]LOD Electric road vehicles
SIST EN 13447:2002 en
2003-01.Slovenski inštitut za standardizacijo. Razmnoževanje celote ali delov tega standarda ni dovoljeno.
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SIST EN 13447:2002
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SIST EN 13447:2002
EUROPEAN STANDARD
EN 13447
NORME EUROPÉENNE
EUROPÄISCHE NORM
April 2001
ICS 01.040.43; 43.120
English version
Electrically propelled road vehicles - Terminology
Véhicules routiers à propulsion électrique - Terminologie Elektrisch angetriebene Straßenfahrzeuge - Terminologie
This European Standard was approved by CEN on 8 March 2001.
CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this European
Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references concerning such national
standards may be obtained on application to the Management Centre or to any CEN member.
This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by translation
under the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the Management Centre has the same status as the official
versions.
CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Czech Republic, Denmark, Finland, France, Germany, Greece,
Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Luxembourg, Netherlands, Norway, Portugal, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and United Kingdom.
EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATION
COMITÉ EUROPÉEN DE NORMALISATION
EUROPÄISCHES KOMITEE FÜR NORMUNG
Management Centre: rue de Stassart, 36 B-1050 Brussels
© 2001 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved Ref. No. EN 13447:2001 E
worldwide for CEN national Members.
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Contents
Page
Foreword.3
1 Scope .4
2 Normative references .4
3 Terms and definitions at the vehicle's level.4
3.1 Electrically propelled road vehicle.4
3.2 Types of electrically propelled road vehicles .4
3.3 Driving modes .6
3.4 Road operating abilities of an electrically propelled road vehicle .6
3.5 Energy performances of the vehicle.7
3.6 Pollutant emissions of a thermal electric hybrid vehicle in hybrid mode .8
3.7 Other definitions for electrically propelled road vehicles .8
4 Sub-systems of the vehicle.9
4.1 Power circuit.9
4.2 Drive direction selector .9
4.3 Auxiliary electrical functions.9
4.4 Auxiliary network / Auxiliary electrical circuit .9
4.5 Ancilliary function.9
4.6 Electric power control .9
4.7 Electric drive train.9
4.8 Transmission.10
4.9 Energy transmission .10
4.10 Electric power train.10
4.11 Electric traction system .10
4.12 On board energy source .10
4.13 On board primary electric energy source .10
4.14 On board secondary electric energy source.11
4.15 Opening parts.11
4.16 Connecting elements.11
5 Definitions about battery and its environment .11
5.1 Cell.11
5.2 Battery module.11
5.3 Battery pack.11
5.4 Battery.11
6 General definitions applied to electrically propelled road vehicles .11
6.1 Conductive part.11
6.2 Live parts .11
6.3 Exposed conductive part .11
6.4 Connection terminal .12
6.5 Electrical circuit .12
6.6 Nominal voltage of an electrical system .12
6.7 Working voltage of an electrical circuit.12
6.8 Direct contact .12
6.9 Indirect contact .12
6.10 Basic insulation.12
6.11 Supplementary insulation.12
6.12 Double insulation.12
6.13 Reinforced insulation .12
6.14 Protection degrees .13
6.15 Class I equipment .13
6.16 Class II equipment .13
Alphabetical index .17
Bibliography .19
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Foreword
This European Standard has been prepared by Technical Committee CEN/TC 301 "Electrically propelled road
vehicles", the secretariat of which is held by AFNOR.
This European Standard shall be given the status of a national standard, either by publication of an identical text or
by endorsement, at the latest by October 2001, and conflicting national standards shall be withdrawn at the latest
by October 2001.
According to the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations, the national standards organizations of the following
countries are bound to implement this European Standard: Austria, Belgium, Czech Republic, Denmark, Finland,
France, Germany, Greece, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Luxembourg, Netherlands, Norway, Portugal, Spain, Sweden,
Switzerland and the United Kingdom.
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1 Scope
This standard gives definitions used in European standards for electrically propelled road vehicles. It is not intented
to give definitions of all terms concerning these vehicles, but to permit a good understanding of the content of
standards dealing with electrically propelled road vehicles.
2 Normative references
This European Standard incorporates by dated or undated reference, provisions from other publications. These
normative references are cited at the appropriate places in the text and the publications are listed hereafter. For
dated references, subsequent amendments to or revisions of any of these publications apply to this European
Standard only when incorporated in it by amendment or revision. For undated references the latest edition of the
publication referred to applies (including amendments).
EN 1821-1:1996 Electrically propelled road vehicles - Measurement of road
operating ability - Part 1 : Pure electric vehicles.
EN 1821-2:1999 Ellectrically propelled road vehicles - Measurement of road
operating ability - Part 2 : Thermal electric hybrid vehicles.
EN 1986-1:1997 Electrically propelled road vehicles - Measurement of energy
performances - Part 1 : Pure electric vehicles.
EN 1986-2:2001 Electrically propelled road vehicles - Measurement of energy
performances - Part 2 : Thermal electric hybrid vehicles.
EN 60529 Degrees of protection provided by enclosures (IP Code)
(IEC 60529:1989).
ISO 1176 Road vehicles - Masses - Vocabulary and codes.
IEV International Electrotechnical Vocabulary.
3 Terms and definitions at the vehicle's level
3.1 Electrically propelled road vehicle
road vehicle in which electric energy is transformed by electrical machine(s) into mechanical energy for traction
purposes
NOTE Traction is the term used with the same meaning as propulsion, but for historical reasons, this is the most widely
used term.
3.2 Types of electrically propelled road vehicles
3.2.1
electrically supplied road vehicle
road vehicle which is supplied by electric energy as an external energy input for traction purpose
It comprises two families :
first family : infrastructure independent (i.e. autonomous) when driving. This road vehicle has an on board
secondary electric energy source for traction purposes which is recharged / replaced periodically ;
NOTE Replacement / fuel refil of an on board primary electric energy source is not regarded as an electric energy supply.
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second family : infrastructure dependent when driving. This road vehicle is electrically supplied from the
outside when driving.
3.2.2
pure electric road vehicle
electrically propelled and infrastructure independent, exclusively electrically supplied road vehicle
3.2.3
hybrid vehicle
vehicle in which the propulsion energy is available from two or more types of on board energy sources, creating at
least one path of energy flow between an energy storage and the wheels which is reversible and at least one path
of energy flow between an enery storage and the wheels which in not reversible
3.2.4
electric hybrid (road) vehicle
hybrid vehicle in which one of the reversible energy sources delivers electric energy
3.2.5
thermal electric hybrid vehicle
electric hybrid vehicle in which the traction system contains a thermal machine
NOTE Vehicle integrating electric machine(s) for functional assistance to the engine such as load levelling devices, starter,
electrically driven auxiliary units, etc. should not be considered as electric hybrid vehicles, in so far they are not intended
participate to the traction.
3.2.6
pure fuel cell electric vehicle
electrically propelled road vehicle in which the electric energy source is a fuel cell
EXAMPLES Zinc air electric vehicle, hydrogen air electric vehicle.
3.2.7
fuel cell electric hybrid vehicle
series electric hybrid vehicle in which the unreversible electric energy source is a fuel cell
3.2.8
series electric hybrid vehicle
electric hybrid vehicle in which all on board energy sources deliver electric energy
3.2.9
parallel electric hybrid vehicle
electric hybrid vehicle in which one of the power trains is an electric power train (see Figure 2)
3.2.10
thermal electric split hybrid vehicle
combined hybrid vehicle in which at least one connecting element (see 4.16 below) is mechanical and one other is
electrical at the output level of electric on-board energy source(s)
3.2.11
thermal electric parallel hybrid vehicle
thermal electric hybrid vehicle in which the connecting element(s) between the thermal power train and the electric
power train is mechanical
3.2.12
thermal electric series hybrid vehicle
thermal electric hybrid vehicle in which the connecting element(s) between electric on-board energy source(s) is
electric
3.2.13
externally chargeable vehicle
electrically propelled road vehicle where the secondary electric energy source can be fed by an external electric
energy supply
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3.2.14
not externally chargeable vehicle
electrically propelled road vehicle where the secondary electric energy source can not be fed in the normal
operation by an external electric energy supply
3.3 Driving modes
3.3.1
pure electric mode
driving mode when only the secondary on board electric energy source delivers energy for traction purpose. The
pure electric mode can be either selected by the driver or automatically selected by the system
For definitions of primary or secondary on board electric energy source, see 4.11 and 4.12.
3.3.2
pure thermal mode for thermal electric hybrid vehicle
is the driving mode when the secondary electric energy sources ( do not participate to the propulsion of the vehicle.
In this case, the on board secondary electric energy sources are not active even for energy recovery
3.3.3
hybrid mode (for an electric hybrid vehicle)
driving mode when all the on board energy sources can participate in the propulsion of the vehicle
3.4 Road operating abilities of an electrically propelled road vehicle
3.4.1
maximum speed
highest average value of the speed, which the vehicle can maintain twice over a distance of 1 km
Depending on the driving mode and on the type of electrically propelled road vehicle, there are several maximum
speeds as follows:
- maximum speed in pure electric mode for a pure electric road vehicle: the test procedure is described in 9.3
in EN 1821-1:1996;
- maximum speed in pure electric mode for a thermal electric hybrid road vehicle: the test procedure is
described in 9.2 in EN 1821-2:1999;
- maximum speed in hybrid mode for a thermal electric hybrid road vehicle: the test procedure is described in
9.1 in EN 1821-2:1999.
3.4.2
maximum thirty minute speed
highest average value of the speed which the vehicle can maintain for 30 min
Depending on the driving mode and on the type of electrically propelled road vehicle, there are several maximum
thirty minute speeds as follows:
- maximum thirty minute speed in pure electric mode for a pure electric road vehicle: the test procedure is
described in 9.1 in EN 1821-1:1996;
- maximum thirty minute speed in hybrid mode for a thermal electric hybrid road vehicle: the test procedure is
described in 9.7 in EN 1821-2:1999.
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3.4.3
acceleration ability from speed V to speed V
0 1
shortest time required to accelerate the vehicle from V to V
0 1
Depending on the type of driving modes and the type of electrically propelled road vehicle, there are several
acceleration abilities as follows:
- acceleration ability from 0 km/h to 50 km/h in pure electric mode for a pure electric road vehicle: the test
procedure is described in 9.5 in EN 1821-1:1996;
- acceleration ability from 50 km/h to 80/km/h in pure electric mode for a pure electric vehicle: the test
procedure is described in 9.6 in EN 1821-1:1996;
- acceleration ability from 0 km/h to 50 km/h in pure electric mode for a thermal electric hybrid road vehicle: the
test procedure is described in 9.4 in EN 1821-2:1999 .
- acceleration ability 0 km/h to 100 km/h for a thermal electric hybrid road vehicle : the test procedure is
described in 9.3 in EN 1821-2:1999.
3.4.4
speed uphill ability
maximum stabilized speed which the vehicle can maintain on a given slope over a distance of 1 km
Depending on the type of driving modes and the type of electrically propelled road vehicle, there are several speed
uphill abilities as follows:
- speed uphill ability for a pure electric road vehicle: the test procedure is described in 9.7 in EN 1821-1:1996;
- speed uphill ability on a 4% slope in pure electric mode for a thermal electric hybrid road vehicle: the test
procedure is described in 9.5 in EN 1821-2:1999;
- speed uphill ability on a 4% or 12% slope in hybrid mode for a thermal electric hybrid road vehicle: the test
procedure is described in 9.6 in EN 1821-2:1999.
3.4.5
hill starting ability
maximum slope on which the vehicle can start and run over a distance of at least 10 m
Depending on the type of driving modes and the type of electrically propelled road vehicle, there are several hill
starting abilities as follows:
- hill starting ability for a pure electric road vehicle: the test procedure is described in 9.8 in EN 1821-1:1996;
- hill starting ability in pure electric mode for a thermal electric hybrid road vehicle: the test procedure is
described in 9.8 in EN 1821-2:1999;
- hill starting ability in hybrid mode for a thermal electric hybrid road vehicle: the test procedure is described in
9.9 in EN 1821-2:1999.
3.5 Energy performances of the vehicle
3.5.1
electric energy consumption
quantity of active energy, expressed in watthours per kilometre, from the external electrically supply network
(mains), that the vehicle uses to come back to its initial state by a normal charging procedure after driving one of
the two proposed test sequences from a fully charged battery, divided by the total distance travelled
Depending on the type of driving modes and the type of electrically propelled road vehicle, there are several
electric energy consumptions as follows:
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- electric energy consumption for a pure electric road vehicle: the test procedure is described in clause 5 in
EN 1986-1:1997;
- electric energy consumption in pure electric mode for a thermal electric hybrid road vehicle: the test
procedure is described in clause 5 in EN 1986-2:2001.
3.5.2
range
distance covered in kilometres by an electrically propelled road vehicle over a test sequence from a fully charged
battery to the end of test criteria
Depending on the type of driving modes and the type of electrically propelled road vehicle, there are several ranges
as follows:
- range for a pure electric road vehicle: the test procedure is described in clause 6 in EN 1986-1:1997;
- range in pure electric mode for a thermal electric road vehicle: the test procedure is described in clause 4 in
EN 1986-2:2001.
3.5.3
total comsumption of a thermal electric hybrid road vehicle
consists of two different calculated figures:
- the first one relates to the electric energy consumption;
- the second one relates to the fuel consumption.
The test procedure is described in clause 6 in EN 1986-2:2001.
3.6 Pollutant emissions of a thermal electric hybrid vehicle in hybrid mode
1)
The pollutant emissions are the currently regulated pollutants as follows:
- NO as the nitrogen oxides measured in gram per kilometre ;
x
- HC as the hyrocarbon emission measured in gram per kilometre ;
- CO as the carbon monoxide emission measured in gram per kilometre ;
- particulate (for compression ignition engine only), measured in gram per kilometre.
The test procedure is described in clause 4 in EN 13444-1:2001.
3.7 Other definitions for electrically propelled road vehicles
3.7.1
complete vehicle kerb mass (VKM) (M06 according to ISO 1176)
mass of the vehicle, including batteries, without occupants or load but with fuel, cooling liquid, washer fluid,
lubricating oil, tools and spare wheel, on board charger, portable charger of part or it if provided as standard by the
vehicle manufacturer
3.7.2
maximum design total mass (MTM) (M07 according to ISO 1176)
maximum vehicle mass as defined by the vehicle manufacturer
1)
Refer to Directive EU 80/1268 and its last amendments, particularly EU 93/116.
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3.7.3
test mass
test mass of the vehicle is its VKM plus :
- the total pay load if the pay load including driver is less than 180 kg ;
- 180 kg if the pay load including driver is equal to or greater than 180 kg but less than 360 kg ;
- half the pay load including driver it the pay load is equal to or greater than 360 kg.
3.7.4
dynamic loaded radius (tyre)
effective radius of a tyre when it is deformed by the weight of the vehicle ballasted to its rated test mass (Directive
EU 92/23)
4 Sub-systems of the vehicle
4.1 Power circuit
The power circuit definition intends to define only electric power circuit.
The power circuit comprises all the electric power equipment included on board electric energy source, battery,
control equipment (converter, inverter, chopper, etc.), traction motor, cables and connectors, used for the electric
propulsion of the vehicle and other equipments galvanically connected with the power circuit, dc/dc converter, step-
up, etc.
4.2 Drive direction selector
The drive direction selector is a specific device physically actuated by the driver in order to select the driving
direction of the vehicle (forwards or backwards). Examples are lever or push-button switch.
4.3 Auxiliary electrical functions
The auxiliary electrical functions are other than those for the propulsion of the vehicle. They are normally common
for Internal Combustion Engine (ICE) and electrically propelled road vehicles as lighting, warning, wiping.
4.4 Auxiliary network / Auxiliary electrical circuit
The auxiliary network / auxiliary electrical circuit is the electrical circuit supplying devices performing auxiliary and
ancilliary electrical functions. Its nominal voltage is for instance for passenger car usually 12 V dc and is lower than
that for the electrical power circuits.
4.5 Ancilliary function
An ancilliary function is a necessary function for the correct operation of the traction system of the vehicle. It is
usually performed by actuators of sub-systems of the traction system, as cooling system, pump, but not involved in
the direct traction power flow.
4.6 Electric power control
The electric power control is the system which controls the power (positive or negative) of the electric traction
motor(s) (see also Figure 3).
4.7 Electric drive train
The electric drive train is the combination of (an) electric motor(s) and its (their) electric power control for traction
purposes (see also Figure 3).
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4.8 Transmission
The transmission is the device which transfers mechanical power (examples : gear box, simple shaft, clutch,
hydraulic converter, variable ratio transmission, etc. and any combination of the above components). The term
« transmission » is generally used instead of « mechanical transmission » as defined in 4.9.
4.9 Energy transmission
Energy transmission is a component which converts an energy input flow of one nature into an energy output of the
same nature but of a different type. For example AC/DC converter.
4.10 Electric power train
Is a power train in which the electric energy from or to the on board energy source is converted in mechanical
energy and transmitted to the wheels for traction purpose.
4.11 Electric traction system
The electric traction system is the combination of the electric power train(s) and the on board electric energy
source(s) (see Figure 3).
4.12 On board energy source
An on board energy source is a subsystem of the traction system consisting of a combination of at least storage(s)
and possibly converter(s), transmission(s), ancillary device(s). The on board energy source delivers energy to the
power train for traction purpose.
EXAMPLE 1
For a pure electric vehicle, the electric on board energy source can be made of :
for the storage : an electrochemical storage batterry,
for the energy delivery system : cables,
for the ancillary devices : thermal management of the battery, on board charger, protection devices.
EXAMPLE 2
For a series thermal electric hybrid vehicle, the additional other kind of on board energy source can be made of :
for the storage : a petrol tank,
for the energy delivery system : a generating set including an IC engine plus an alternator and a rectifier,
for the ancillary devices : electronic controllers and a cooling system.
4.13 On board primary electric energy source
An on board primary electric energy source is a system which stores energy and delivers electric energy in an
unreversible process.
EXAMPLE 1 Fuel cell, the fuel for which may be fluid and gaseous (oxygen and air), and the output is electric
power and associated reaction elements.
EXAMPLE 2 Generating set, the fuel for which may be liquid or gaseous, stored in a tank plus a thermal machine,
electric generator(s), and the output is electric power.
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4.14 On board secondary electric energy source
An on board secondary electric energy source is a reversible system which stores electric energy (under chemical,
or mechanical, or electrostatic form). Input and output are both electric energy.
EXAMPLES Electrochemical storage battery, capacitor, flywheel motor/generator unit, any combination of the
above examples.
4.15 Opening parts
The opening parts are parts of a vehicle such as doors, bonnet, boot, hatch back, access flaps (for access to the
charging socket flaps or the fuel filler tank), sunroof, hardtop (if any).
4.16 Connecting elements
Connecting element(s) is a device which permits energy to pass between two traction systems.
5 Definitions about battery and its environment
5.1 Cell
A cell is a basic electrochemical energy storage de
...
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