SIST EN 10270-3:2012
(Main)Steel wire for mechanical springs - Part 3: Stainless spring steel wire
Steel wire for mechanical springs - Part 3: Stainless spring steel wire
This Part of EN 10270 applies to the grades of stainless steels listed in Table 1, which are usually used in the cold drawn condition in the form of wire of circular cross-section up to 10,00 mm in diameter, for the production of springs and spring parts that are exposed to corrosive effects and sometimes to slightly increased temperatures (see A.1). In addition to the steels listed in Table 1 certain of the steel grades covered by EN 10088-3 e.g.1.4571, 1.4539, 1.4028 are also used for springs, although to much lesser extent. In these cases the mechanical properties (tensile strength, etc.) should be agreed between purchaser and supplier. Similarly, diameters between 10,00 mm and 15,00 mm may be ordered against this standard; in this case the parties should agree upon the required mechanical characteristics. In addition to this part of EN 10270 the general technical delivery requirements of EN 10021 are applicable.
Stahldraht für Federn - Teil 3: Nichtrostender Federstahldraht
Diese Europäische Norm gilt für die nichtrostenden Stähle nach Tabelle 1, die üblicherweise im
kaltgezogenen Zustand in Form von Draht mit kreisförmigem Querschnitt bis 10,00 mm Durchmesser für die
Fertigung von Federn und federnden Teilen, die Korrosionseinflüssen und mitunter leicht erhöhten
Temperaturen (siehe A.1) ausgesetzt sind, verwendet werden.
1.2 Außer den Stählen nach Tabelle 1 werden auch einige Sorten nach EN 10088-3, zum Beispiel 1.4571,
1.4539, 1.4028, für Federn verwendet, allerdings in wesentlich geringerem Umfang. In diesen Fällen sind die
mechanischen Eigenschaften (Zugfestigkeit usw.) zwischen Besteller und Lieferer zu vereinbaren. Ähnlich
können Durchmesser zwischen 10,00 mm und 15,00 mm nach dieser Norm bestellt werden; in diesem Falle
müssen die Beteiligten die benötigten mechanischen Eigenschaften vereinbaren.
1.3 Zusätzlich zu dieser Europäischen Norm gelten die allgemeinen technischen Lieferbedingungen nach
EN 10021.
Fils en acier pour ressorts mécaniques - Partie 3: Fils en acier inoxydable
1.1 Cette présente norme européenne de l'EN 10270 s'applique aux nuances d'acier inoxydable répertoriées au Tableau 1, qui sont habituellement utilisées à l'état tréfilé à froid sous forme de fils de section transversale circulaire d'un diamètre pouvant atteindre 10,00 mm, destinés à la fabrication de ressorts et de parties de ressorts soumis à des effets corrosifs et parfois à des températures moyennement élevées (voir A.1).
1.2 Outre les aciers énumérés au Tableau 1, certaines des nuances d'acier couvertes par l'EN 10088-3, telles que 1.4571, 1.4539, 1.4028 sont également utilisées dans une moindre mesure pour la fabrication de ressorts. Dans ces cas, il convient que les caractéristiques mécaniques (résistance à la traction, etc.) fassent l'objet d'un accord entre l'acheteur et le producteur. De la même manière, il est possible de commander des fils dont les diamètres sont compris entre 10,00 mm et 15,00 mm, sur la base de la présente Norme ; dans ce cas, il convient que les parties s'entendent sur les caractéristiques mécaniques requises.
1.3 Les conditions techniques générales de livraison de l'EN 10021 s'ajoutent aux dispositions de cette norme européenne.
Jeklena žica za vzmeti - 3. del: Nerjavna jeklena žica za vzmeti
Ta evropski standard velja za vrste nerjavnih jekel, naštetih v preglednici 1, ki se ponavadi uporabljajo v hladno vlečenem stanju v obliki žice s krožnim prečnim prerezom do 10,00 mm v premeru za proizvodnjo vzmeti in vzmetnih delov, izpostavljenih korozivnim učinkom in včasih nekoliko povišanim temperaturam (glej A.1). Poleg jekel, naštetih v preglednici 1, se za vzmeti uporabljajo tudi nekatere vrste jekel, ki jih zajema EN 10088-3, npr. 1.4571, 1.4539, 1.4028, vendar v precej manjšem obsegu. V teh primerih se morata o mehanskih lastnostih (natezna trdnost, itd.) dogovoriti kupec in dobavitelj. Podobno se v skladu s tem standardom lahko naročajo premeri med 10,00 mm in 15,00; v tem primeru se morata stranki dogovoriti o potrebnih mehanskih karakteristikah. Poleg tega evropskega standarda veljajo splošne tehnične dobavne zahteve EN 10021.
General Information
Relations
Standards Content (Sample)
2003-01.Slovenski inštitut za standardizacijo. Razmnoževanje celote ali delov tega standarda ni dovoljeno.Jeklena žica za vzmeti - 3. del: Nerjavna jeklena žica za vzmetiStahldraht für Federn - Teil 3: Nichtrostender FederstahldrahtFils en acier pour ressorts mécaniques - Partie 3: Fils en acier inoxydableSteel wire for mechanical springs - Part 3: Stainless spring steel wire77.140.65Jeklene žice, jeklene vrvi in verigeSteel wire, wire ropes and link chains77.140.25Vzmetna jeklaSpring steelsICS:Ta slovenski standard je istoveten z:EN 10270-3:2011SIST EN 10270-3:2012en01-januar-2012SIST EN 10270-3:2012SLOVENSKI
STANDARDSIST EN 10270-3:20021DGRPHãþD
SIST EN 10270-3:2012
EUROPEAN STANDARD NORME EUROPÉENNE EUROPÄISCHE NORM
EN 10270-3
October 2011 ICS 77.140.25; 77.140.65 Supersedes EN 10270-3:2001English Version
Steel wire for mechanical springs - Part 3: Stainless spring steel wire
Fils en acier pour ressorts mécaniques - Partie 3: Fils en acier inoxydable
Stahldraht für Federn - Teil 3: Nichtrostender Federstahldraht This European Standard was approved by CEN on 10 September 2011.
CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this European Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references concerning such national standards may be obtained on application to the CEN-CENELEC Management Centre or to any CEN member.
This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by translation under the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the CEN-CENELEC Management Centre has the same status as the official versions.
CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and United Kingdom.
EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATION
COMITÉ EUROPÉEN DE NORMALISATION EUROPÄISCHES KOMITEE FÜR NORMUNG
Management Centre:
Avenue Marnix 17,
B-1000 Brussels © 2011 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved worldwide for CEN national Members. Ref. No. EN 10270-3:2011: ESIST EN 10270-3:2012
EN 10270-3:2011 (E) 2 Contents Page Foreword .31 Scope .42 Normative references .43 Information to be supplied by the purchaser .44 Requirements .54.1 Manufacturing process .54.2 Form of delivery .54.3 Surface finish .54.4 Chemical composition .54.5 Mechanical properties .64.6 Technological properties .84.7 Supply conditions of wire on coils/reels and spools .84.8 Surface quality . 104.9 Inner soundness . 104.10 Dimensions and dimensional tolerances . 105 Testing and inspection . 125.1 Inspection and inspection documents . 125.2 Extent of testing for specific testing. 125.3 Sampling . 145.4 Test methods . 145.5 Retests . 156 Marking and packaging . 15Annex A (informative)
Additional information . 16A.1 Indications for classification of steel grades . 16A.2 Alteration of tensile strength by heat treatment . 17A.3 Physical properties . 17A.4 Magnetic properties . 17A.5 Guidelines for processing
and heat treatment . 17Annex B (informative)
Cross reference of steel grade designations . 21Bibliography . 22 SIST EN 10270-3:2012
EN 10270-3:2011 (E) 3 Foreword This document (EN 10270-3:2011) has been prepared by Technical Committee ECISS/TC 106 “Wire rod and wires”, the secretariat of which is held by AFNOR. This European Standard shall be given the status of a national standard, either by publication of an identical text or by endorsement, at the latest by April 2012, and conflicting national standards shall be withdrawn at the latest by April 2012. Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent rights. CEN [and/or CENELEC] shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. This document supersedes EN 10270-3:2001. This European Standard for steel wire for mechanical springs is composed of the following parts: Part 1: Patented cold drawn unalloyed spring steel wire; Part 2: Oil hardened and tempered spring steel wire; Part 3: Stainless spring steel wire. According to the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations, the national standards organizations of the following countries are bound to implement this European Standard: Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and the United Kingdom. SIST EN 10270-3:2012
EN 10270-3:2011 (E) 4 1 Scope 1.1 This European Standard applies to the grades of stainless steels listed in Table 1, which are usually used in the cold drawn condition in the form of wire of circular cross-section up to 10,00 mm in diameter, for the production of springs and spring parts that are exposed to corrosive effects and sometimes to slightly increased temperatures (see A.1). 1.2 In addition to the steels listed in Table 1 certain of the steel grades covered by EN 10088-3 e.g. 1.4571, 1.4539, 1.4028 are also used for springs, although to much lesser extent. In these cases the mechanical properties (tensile strength, etc.) should be agreed between purchaser and supplier. Similarly, diameters between 10,00 mm and 15,00 mm may be ordered according to this standard; in this case the parties should agree upon the required mechanical characteristics. 1.3 In addition to this European Standard the general technical delivery requirements of EN 10021 are applicable. 2 Normative references The following referenced documents are indispensable for the application of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies. EN 10021, General technical delivery conditions for steel products EN 10027-1:2005, Designation systems for steels — Part 1: Steel names EN 10027-2:1992, Designation systems for steels — Part 2: Numerical system EN 10088-3, Stainless steels — Part 3: Technical delivery conditions for semi-finished products, bars, rods and sections for general purposes EN 10204:2004, Metallic products — Types of inspection documents EN 10218-1, Steel wire and wire products — General — Part 1: Test methods EN 10218-2, Steel wire and wire products — General — Part 2: Wire dimensions and tolerances CEN/TR 10261, Iron and steel — Review of available methods of chemical analysis EN ISO 377, Steel and steel products — Location and preparation of samples and test pieces for mechanical testing (ISO 377:1997) EN ISO 6892-1, Metallic materials — Tensile testing — Part 1: Method of test at room temperature (ISO 6892-1:2009) EN ISO 14284, Steel and iron — Sampling and preparation of samples for the determination of chemical composition (ISO 14284:1996) 3 Information to be supplied by the purchaser The purchaser shall clearly state in his enquiry or order the product and following information: a) the desired quantity; SIST EN 10270-3:2012
EN 10270-3:2011 (E) 5 b) the term spring steel wire or straightened and cut lengths; c) the number of this European Standard: EN 10270-3; d) the steel grade (see Table 1) and for grade 1.4301, 1.4310 and 1.4462 also the tensile strength level (see Table 2); e) the nominal wire diameter (see Table 4) and for cut length the length and the length tolerance class (see Table 6); f) the surface finish (see 4.3, i.e. coating); g) the form of delivery (see 4.2); h) the type of inspection document to be supplied (see 5.1); i) any particular agreement made. EXAMPLE 2 t stainless steel spring wire according to this standard, grade 1.4310, normal tensile strength level and nominal diameter 2,50 mm, nickel coated in coils with inspection document 3.1 according to EN 10204:2004: 2 t spring steel wire EN 10270-3 – 1.4310-NS – 2,50 - Ni-coated in coils, EN 10204:2004 – 3.1 4 Requirements 4.1 Manufacturing process Unless otherwise agreed in the order, the manufacturing process used in the making of the stainless steel wire is left to the discretion of the manufacturer. The starting condition (+AT: solution annealed) of the wire (rod) is specified in EN 10088-3. 4.2 Form of delivery The wire shall be supplied in coils, on spools, on spoolless cores or carriers. Several coils may be assembled on a carrier. Unless otherwise specified the form of delivery shall be at the manufacturer’s discretion. They shall however inform the purchaser about the form of delivery. The delivery requirements are specified in 4.7. Wire in straight lengths is normally supplied in bundles. 4.3 Surface finish The wire may be coated or not. The specific coating and finish for stainless steel spring wire shall be agreed upon at the time of enquiry and order - e.g. uncoated, polished finish, nickel coated. 4.4 Chemical composition 4.4.1 The requirements for the chemical composition given in Table 1 apply to the heat analysis.
4.4.2
The permissible deviation of the product analysis from the values specified in Table 1 shall be in accordance with the provision in EN 10088-3. For a single heat the deviation of an element in the product analysis may be only below the minimum or only above the maximum value of the range specified for the heat analysis, but not both at the same time. SIST EN 10270-3:2012
EN 10270-3:2011 (E) 6 Table 1 — Chemical composition — Heat analysisa (% by mass) Steel grade C Si Mn P S Cr Mo Ni Other elements
max. max. max. max.
Name b Number b
X10CrNi18-8 1.4310 0,05 to 0,15 2,00 2,00 0,045 0,015 16,0 to 19,0 ≤ 0,80 6,0 to 9,5 N ≤ 0,11 X5CrNiMo17-12-2 1.4401 c ≤ 0,07 1,00 2,00 0,045 0,015 16,5 to 18,5 2,00 to 2,50 10,0 to 13,0 N ≤ 0,11 X7CrNiAl17-7 1.4568 d ≤ 0,09 0,70 1,00 0,040 0,015 16,0 to 18,0 - 6,5 to 7,8 Al: 0,70 to 1,50 X5CrNi18-10 1.4301 ≤ 0,07 1,00 2,00 0,045 0,015 17,5 to 19,5 - 8,0 to 10,5 N ≤ 0,11 X1NiCrMoCu25-20-5 1.4539 ≤ 0,020 0,70 2,00 0,030 0,010 19,0 to 21,0 4,0 to 5,0 24,0 to 26,0 N ≤ 0,15
Cu: 1,20 to 2,00 X2CrNiMoN22-5-3 1.4462 e ≤ 0,030 1,00 2,00 0,035 0,015 21,0 to 23,0 2, 50 to 3,5 4,5 to 6,5 N: 0,10 to 0,22 a Alternative compositions may be used by agreement. b "Name" and "Number" are derived in accordance with EN 10027-1 and -2 respectively. c Steel 1.4436 may be used to provide increased corrosion resistance compared with 1.4401, with the specification of this part of EN 10270 applicable for steel 1.4401. d For better cold formability the upper limit of nickel content may be increased up to 8,30 %. e Duplex grades.
4.5 Mechanical properties 4.5.1 For the tensile strength in the as drawn condition the data of Table 2 shall apply. SIST EN 10270-3:2012
EN 10270-3:2011 (E) 7 Table 2 — Tensile strength in the drawn condition Tensile strength (MPa) a b c d e f for the following steel grades
1.4310
1.4401 1.4568 1.4301 1.4539 1.4462 Nominal diameter mm g Normal tensile strength (NS) - High tensile strength (HS) -
min.
max.
min.
max. Normal tensile strength (NS) min. High tensile strength (HS) min.
max.
min.
max. Normal tensile strength (NS) - High tensile strength (HS) - min. max. min. max. min. max. min. max.
d ≤ 0,20 2 200 2 530 2 350 2 7101 7251 9901 9752 2802 000 2150 2 3001 6001 8402 150 2 480 2 3702 730 0,20 < d ≤ 0,30 2 150 2 480 2 300 2 6501 7001 9601 9502 2501 975 2050 2 2801 5501 7902 100 2 420 2 3702 730 0,30 < d ≤ 0,40 2 100 2 420 2 250 2 5901 6751 9301 9252 2201 925 2050 2 2201 5501 7902 000 2 300 2 3702 730 0,40 < d ≤ 0,50 2 050 2 360 2 200 2 5301 6501 9001 9002 1901 900 1950 2 1901 5001 7502 000 2 300 2 3702 730 0,50 < d ≤ 0,65 2 000 2 300 2 150 2 4801 6251 8701 8502 1301 850 1950 2 1301 4501 6701 900 2 190 2 3702 730 0,65 < d ≤ 0,80 1 950 2 250 2 100 2 4201 6001 8401 8252 1001 800 1850 2 0701 4501 6701 900 2 190 2 2302 570 0,80 < d ≤ 1,00 1 900 2 190 2 050 2 3601 5751 8201 8002 0701 775 1850 2 0501 4001 6101 800 2 070 2 1402 470 1,00 < d ≤ 1,25 1 850 2 130 2 000 2 3001 5501 7901 7502 0201 725 1750 1 9901 3501 5601 800 2 070 2 0902 410 1,25 < d ≤ 1,50 1 800 2 070 1 950 2 2501 5001 7301 7001 9601 675 1750 1 9301 3501 5601 700 1 960 2 0902 410 1,50 < d ≤ 1,75 1 750 2 020 1 900 2 1901 4501 6701 6501 9001 625 1650 1 8701 3001 5001 700 1 960 2 0002 300 1,75 < d ≤ 2,00 1 700 1 960 1 850 2 1301 4001 6101 6001 8401 575 1650 1 8201 3001 5001 700 1 960 2 0002 300 2,00 < d ≤ 2,50 1 650 1 900 1 750 2 0201 3501 5601 5501 7901 525 1550 1 7601 3001 5001 550 1 790 1 9002 190 2,50 < d ≤ 3,00 1 600 1 840 1 700 1 9601 3001 5001 5001 7301 475 1550 1 7001 3001 5001 550 1 790 1 8602 140 3,00 < d ≤ 3,50 1 550 1 790 1 650 1 9001 2501 4401 4501 6701 425 1450 1 6401 3001 5001 550 1 790 – – 3,50 < d ≤ 4,25 1 500 1 730 1 600 1 8401 2251 4101 4001 6101 400 1450 1 6101 2501 4401 450 1 670 – – 4,25 < d ≤ 5,00 1 450 1 670 1 550 1 7901 2001 3801 3501 5601 350 1350 1 5601 2501 4401 450 1 670 – – 5,00 < d ≤ 6,00 1 400 1 610 1 500 1 7301 1501 3301 3001 5001 300 1350 1 5001 2501 4401 350 1 560 – – 6,00 < d ≤ 7,00 1 350 1 560 1 450 1 6701 1251 3001 2501 4401 250 1300 1 4401 2001 3801 350 1 560 – – 7,00 < d ≤ 8,50 1 300 1 500 1 400 1 6101 0751 2401 2501 4401 200 1300 1 3801 1501 330– – – – 8,50 < d ≤ 10,00 1 250 1 440 1 350 1 5601 0501 2101 2501 4401 175 1250 1 360– – – – – – a Tensile strength calculated on actual diameter. b The range of tensile strength values within a production batch of the same heat shall be a maximum of 9 % of the minimum values in this table. c After straightening, it is recognized that the tensile strength may reduce by up to 10 % but the minimum values of this Table have to be fulfilled. d When better formability is required, lower tensile strength values may be agreed upon. e The wire is supplied in the cold drawn condition. The tensile strength in the finished spring may be substantially influenced by a heat treatment; particularly precipitation hardening of grade 1.4568 results in substantially higher tensile strength (see A.5.2 and Table A.3). f 1 MPa = 1 N/mm2. g Larger diameters may be specified in which case the parties shall agree the tensile strength at the time of enquiry and order.NOTE 1 Grade 1.4310 and 1.4462 can be delivered in normal tensile strength (NS) or high tensile strength (HS). NOTE 2 For steel 1.4568 the characteristics of the springs are not only determined by the characteristics of the drawn wire but also by the heat-treatment of the spring (see A.2). Therefore the steel should be of such quality so that by the heat treatment after drawing the mechanical properties are met.
SIST EN 10270-3:2012
EN 10270-3:2011 (E) 8 4.5.2 In addition to the requirements of Table 2 the maximum tensile strength range within one unit package (individual coil, spool or reel,.) shall satisfy Table 3. For straightened and cut lengths the values of Table 3 apply for the individual bundles. Table 3 — Tensile strength range within an individual unit package (coil/spool/bundle) Wire diameter d
Max. range
(mm) (MPa) d ≤ 1,50 100 1,50 < d ≤ 10,00 70
4.6 Technological properties 4.6.1 Coiling test For evaluation of uniformity of coiling and surface condition the coiling test may be applied to wire with a diameter of 0,50 mm to 1,50 mm. The spring coiled in accordance with 5.4.3 shall show a defect free surface condition without splits or fracture; the coil shall have uniform pitch of the turns and a fair dimensional regularity of its diameter. NOTE Although the usefulness of the coiling test is not generally recognized, it has been retained since it offers the possibility of revealing internal stresses. If doubtful test results are obtained the wire concerned should not be rejected immediately but efforts should be made by the parties concerned to elucidate the cause. 4.6.2 Wrapping test The wrapping test may be applied to wire with a diameter of 0,30 mm to 3,00 mm. The wire shall not show any sign of cracks or surface imperfections when closely wrapped eight turns around a mandrel of a diameter equal to the wire size (see also 5.4.4). 4.6.3 Simple bend test Where requested, the bend test may be applied for wire with a diameter over 3,00 mm. The wire shall withstand the test without any sign of failure. NOTE In s
...
SLOVENSKI STANDARD
oSIST prEN 10270-3:2008
01-september-2008
Jeklena žica za vzmeti - 3. del: Nerjavna jeklena žica za vzmeti
Steel wire for mechanical springs - Part 3: Stainless spring steel wire
Stahldraht für Federn - Teil 3: Nichtrostender Federstahldraht
Fils en acier pour ressorts mécaniques - Partie 3: Fils en acier inoxydable
Ta slovenski standard je istoveten z: prEN 10270-3
ICS:
77.140.25 Vzmetna jekla Spring steels
77.140.65 Jeklene žice, jeklene vrvi in Steel wire, wire ropes and
verige link chains
oSIST prEN 10270-3:2008 en,fr,de
2003-01.Slovenski inštitut za standardizacijo. Razmnoževanje celote ali delov tega standarda ni dovoljeno.
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oSIST prEN 10270-3:2008
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oSIST prEN 10270-3:2008
EUROPEAN STANDARD
DRAFT
prEN 10270-3
NORME EUROPÉENNE
EUROPÄISCHE NORM
June 2008
ICS 77.140.25 Will supersede EN 10270-3:2001
English Version
Steel wire for mechanical springs - Part 3: Stainless spring steel
wire
Fils en acier pour ressorts mécaniques - Partie 3: Fils en Stahldraht für Federn - Teil 3: Nichtrostender
acier inoxydable Federstahldraht
This draft European Standard is submitted to CEN members for enquiry. It has been drawn up by the Technical Committee ECISS/TC 30.
If this draft becomes a European Standard, CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which
stipulate the conditions for giving this European Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration.
This draft European Standard was established by CEN in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language
made by translation under the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the CEN Management Centre has the
same status as the official versions.
CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland,
France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal,
Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and United Kingdom.
Recipients of this draft are invited to submit, with their comments, notification of any relevant patent rights of which they are aware and to
provide supporting documentation.
Warning : This document is not a European Standard. It is distributed for review and comments. It is subject to change without notice and
shall not be referred to as a European Standard.
EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATION
COMITÉ EUROPÉEN DE NORMALISATION
EUROPÄISCHES KOMITEE FÜR NORMUNG
Management Centre: rue de Stassart, 36 B-1050 Brussels
© 2008 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved Ref. No. prEN 10270-3:2008: E
worldwide for CEN national Members.
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oSIST prEN 10270-3:2008
prEN 10270-3:2008 (E)
Contents Page
Foreword.3
1 Scope.4
2 Normative references.4
3 Designation.5
4 Information to be supplied by the purchaser .5
5 Requirements.5
5.1 Manufacturing process.5
5.2 Form of delivery.6
5.3 Surface finish.6
5.4 Chemical composition.6
5.5 Mechanical properties.7
5.6 Technological properties.8
5.7 Supply conditions of wire on coils/reels and spools.8
5.8 Surface quality.10
5.9 Inner soundness.10
5.10 Dimensions and dimensional tolerances.10
6 Testing and inspection.12
6.1 Inspection and inspection documents .12
6.2 Extent of testing for specific testing.12
6.3 Sampling.13
6.4 Test methods.13
6.5 Retests.14
7 Marking and packaging.14
Annex A (informative) Additional information.16
A.1 Indications for classification of steel grades.16
A.2 Alteration of tensile strength by heat treatment.16
A.3 Physical properties.17
A.4 Magnetic properties.17
A.5 Guidelines for processing and heat treatment .17
Annex B (informative) Cross reference of steel grade designations.20
Bibliography .21
2
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oSIST prEN 10270-3:2008
prEN 10270-3:2008 (E)
Foreword
This document (prEN 10270-3:2008) has been prepared by Technical Committee ECISS/TC 30 “Steel wires”,
the secretariat of which is held by AFNOR.
This document is currently submitted to the CEN Enquiry.
This document will supersede EN 10270-3:2001.
This European Standard for steel wire for mechanical springs is composed of the following parts:
Part 1: Patented cold drawn unalloyed spring steel wire
Part 2: Oil hardened and tempered spring steel wire
Part 3: Stainless spring steel wire
3
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oSIST prEN 10270-3:2008
prEN 10270-3:2008 (E)
1 Scope
1.1 This Part of EN 10270 applies to the grades of stainless steels listed in Table 1, which are usually used
in the cold drawn condition in the form of wire of circular cross-section up to 10,00 mm in diameter, for the
production of springs and spring parts that are exposed to corrosive effects and sometimes to slightly
increased temperatures (see A.1).
1.2 In addition to the steels listed in Table 1 certain of the steel grades covered by EN 10088-3 e.g.1.4571,
1.4539, 1.4028 are also used for springs, although to much lesser extent. In these cases the mechanical
properties (tensile strength, etc.) should be agreed between purchaser and supplier. Similarly, diameters
between 10,00 mm and 15,00 mm may be ordered against this standard; in this case the parties should agree
upon the required mechanical characteristics.
1.3 In addition to this part of EN 10270 the general technical delivery requirements of EN 10021 are
applicable.
2 Normative references
The following referenced documents are indispensable for the application of this document. For dated
references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced
document (including any amendments) applies.
EN 10002-1, Metallic materials — Tensile test — Part 1: Method of test at ambient temperature.
EN 10021, General technical delivery requirements for steel products.
EN 10027-1, Designation systems for steel — Part 1: Steel names.
EN 10027-2, Designation systems for steel — Part 2: Numerical system.
EN 10088-3, Stainless steels — Part 3: Technical delivery conditions for semi-finished products, bars, rods,
wire sections and bright products of corrosion resisting steels for general purposes.
EN 10204, Metallic products — Types of inspection documents.
EN 10218-1, Steel wire and wire products — General — Part 1: Test methods.
EN 10218-2, Steel wire and wire products — General — Part 2: Wire dimensions and tolerances.
CR 10261, Iron and steel — Review of available methods of chemical analysis.
EN ISO 377, Steel and steel products — Location and preparation of samples and test pieces for Mechanical
testing.
EN ISO 14284, Steel and iron — Sampling and preparation of samples for the determination of chemical
composition (ISO 14284:1996).
4
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oSIST prEN 10270-3:2008
prEN 10270-3:2008 (E)
3 Designation
For products supplied according to this standard the designation shall state in the following order:
the term spring wire or straightened and cut lengths;
the number of this European standard: EN 10270-3;
the steel grade, and where applicable the tensile strength level;
the nominal wire diameter;
the coating - if any.
EXAMPLE Standard designation of a stainless steel spring wire according to this standard - grade 1.4310 - normal
strength level and nominal diameter 2,50 mm, nickel coated:
Spring wire EN 10270-3 - 1.4310 - NS - 2,50 Ni coated
4 Information to be supplied by the purchaser
The purchaser shall clearly state in his enquiry or order the product and following information:
a) the desired quantity;
b) the number of this European Standard: EN 10270-3;
c) the steel grade and for grade 1.4310 also the tensile strength level;
d) the nominal wire diameter;
e) the surface finish (see 5.3);
f) the form of delivery (see 5.2);
g) the type of inspection document (see 7.1) to be supplied;
h) any particular agreement made.
EXAMPLE 2 t stainless spring steel wire EN 10270-3 - 1.4310 - NS - 2,50 nickel coated in coils inspection document
EN 10204 - 3.1.B
5 Requirements
5.1 Manufacturing process
Unless otherwise agreed in the order, the manufacturing process used in the making of the stainless steel
wire is left to the discretion of the manufacturer. The starting condition (+AT: solution annealed) of the wire
(rod) is specified in EN 10088-3.
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5.2 Form of delivery
The wire shall be supplied in coils, on spools, on spoolless cores or carriers. Several coils may be assembled
on a carrier. Unless otherwise specified the form of delivery shall be at the manufacturer’s discretion. He shall
however inform the purchaser about the form of delivery.
The delivery requirements are specified in 5.7.
Wire in straight lengths is normally supplied in bundles.
5.3 Surface finish
The wire may be coated or not. The specific coating and finish for stainless steel spring wire shall be agreed
upon at the time of enquiry and order - e.g. uncoated, polished finish, nickel coated.
5.4 Chemical composition
5.4.1 The requirements for the chemical composition given in Table 1 apply to the heat analysis.
5.4.2 The permissible deviation of the product analysis from the values specified in Table 1 shall be in
accordance with the provision in EN 10088-3. For a single heat the deviation of an element in the product
analysis may be only below the minimum or only above the maximum value of the range specified for the heat
analysis, but not both at the same time.
a
Table 1 — Chemical composition — Heat analysis (% by mass)
C Si Mn P S Cr Mo Ni others
max. max. max. max.
Steel grade
Name Number
b b
X10CrNi18-8 1.4310 0,05 to 0,15 2,00 2,00 0,045 0,015 16,00-19,00 ≤ 0,80 6,00-9,50 N:≤ 0,11
c
X5CrNiMo17-12-2 1,00 2,00 0,045 0,015 16,50-18,50 2,00- 10,00-13,00
≤ 0,07 N:≤ 0,11
1.4401
c
X7CrNiAl17-7 1.4568 ≤ 0,09 0,70 1,00 0,040 0,015 16,00-18,00 2,50 6,50-7,80 Al: 0,70-1,50
X5CrNi18-10
1.4301 ≤ 0,07 1,00 2,00 0,045 0,015 17,5-19,5 - 8,0-10,5 N:≤ 0,11
a
Alternative compositions may be used by agreement.
b
Names and numbers are derived in accordance with EN 10027 — Part 1 and Part 2 respectively.
c
Steel 1.4436 may be used to provide increased corrosion resistance compared with 1.4401, with the specification of this part of
EN 10270 applicable for steel 1.4401.
d
For better cold formability the upper limit may be increased to 8,30 %.
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Table 2 — Tensile strength in the drawn condition
a b c d e f
Tensile strength (MPa) for the following steel grades
1.4310 1.4401 1.4568 1.4301
Nominal diameter Normal tensile High tensile
strength strength
g
(NS)-min. (HS)-min. min. min. min.
mm
d ≤ 0,20 2 200 2 350 1 725 1 975 2 000
0,20 < d ≤ 0,30 2 150 2 300 1 700 1 950 1 975
0,30 < d ≤ 0,40 2 100 2 250 1 675 1 925 1 925
0,40 < d ≤ 0,50 2 050 2 200 1 650 1 900 1 900
0,50 < d ≤ 0,65 2 000 2 150 1 625 1 850 1 850
0,65 < d ≤ 0,80 1 950 2 100 1 600 1 825 1 800
0,80 < d ≤ 1,00 1 900 2 050 1 575 1 800 1 775
1,00 < d ≤ 1,25 1 850 2 000 1 550 1 750 1 725
1,25 < d ≤ 1,50 1 800 1 950 1 500 1 700 1 675
1,50 < d ≤ 1,75 1 750 1 900 1 450 1 650 1 625
1,75 < d ≤ 2,00 1 700 1 850 1 400 1 600 1 575
2,00 < d ≤ 2,50 1 650 1 750 1 350 1 550 1 525
2,50 < d ≤ 3,00 1 600 1 700 1 300 1 500 1 475
1 550 1 650 1 250 1 450 1 425
3,00 < d ≤ 3,50
1 500 1 600 1 225 1 400 1 400
3,50 < d ≤ 4,25
1 450 1 550 1 200 1 350 1 350
4,25 < d ≤ 5,00
1 400 1 500 1 150 1 300 1 300
5,00 < d ≤ 6,00
1 350 1 450 1 125 1 250 1 250
6,00 < d ≤ 7,00
1 300 1 400 1 075 1 250 1 200
7,00 < d ≤ 8,50
1 250 1 350 1 050 1 250 1 175
8,50 < d ≤ 10,00
a
Tensile strength calculated on actual diameter.
b
The maximum tensile strength shall be the min. value plus 15 % of the minimum value. The range of tensile strength
values within a production batch of the same heat shall be maximum 9 % of the minimum values in this table.
c
After straightening, the tensile strength may be reduced by up to 10 %.
d
When better formability is required, lower tensile strength values may be agreed upon.
e
The wire is supplied in the cold drawn condition. The tensile strength in the finished spring may be substantially
influenced by a heat treatment; particularly precipitation hardening of grade 1.4568 results in substantially higher tensile
strength (see A.5.2 and Table A.3).
2
f
1 MPa = 1 N/mm .
g
Larger diameters may be specified in which case the parties shall agree the tensile strength at the time of enquiry
and order.
5.5 Mechanical properties
5.5.1 For the tensile strength in the as drawn condition the data of Table 2 shall apply.
NOTE 1 Grade 1.4310 can be delivered in normal tensile strength (NS) or high tensile strength (HS).
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NOTE 2 For steel 1.4568 the characteristics of the springs are not only determined by the characteristics of the drawn
wire but also by the heat-treatment of the spring (see A.2). Therefore the steel should be of such quality so that by the
heat treatment after drawing the mechanical properties are met.
5.5.2 In addition to the requirements of Table 2 the maximum tensile strength range within one unit package
(individual coil, spool or reel,.) shall satisfy Table 3.
For straightened and cut lengths the values of Table 3 apply for the individual bundles.
Table 3 — Tensile strength range within an individual unit package (coil/spool/bundle)
Wire diameter d Max. range
(mm) (MPa)
100
d ≤ 1,50
1,50 < d ≤ 10,00 70
5.6 Technological properties
5.6.1 Coiling test
For evaluation of uniformity of coiling and surface condition the coiling test may be applied to wire with a
diameter of 0,50 mm to 1,50 mm. The spring coiled in accordance with 6.4.3 shall show a defect free surface
condition without splits or fracture; the coil shall have uniform pitch of the turns and a fair dimensional
regularity of its diameter.
NOTE Although the usefulness of the coiling test is not generally recognized, it has been retained since it offers the
possibility of revealing internal stresses. If doubtful test results are obtained the wire concerned should not be rejected
immediately but efforts should be made by the parties concerned to elucidate the cause.
5.6.2 Wrapping test
The wrapping test may be applied to wire with a diameter of 0,30 mm to 3,00 mm. The wire shall not show any
sign of cracks or surface imperfections when closely wrapped eight turns around a mandrel of a diameter
equal to the wire size (see also 6.4.4).
5.6.3 Bend test
Where requested, the bend test may be applied for wire with a diameter over 3,00 mm. The wire shall
withstand the test without any sign of failure.
NOTE In some applications the material is severely deformed by bending. Such is the case for extension springs with
tight hooks, springs with bends on legs, spring wire forms, etc. In such cases the bend test provides for a wire test very
close to actual use.
5.7 Supply conditions of wire on coils/reels and spools
5.7.1 General
The wire of each coil shall consist of one single length of wire originating from only one heat. It shall be wound
so that there are no kinks.
Where wire is delivered on spools, spoolless cores or carriers up to 10 % of those may consist of a maximum
of two wire lengths. The joints shall be properly made, suitably marked and labelled.
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