SIST EN 61243-5:2002
(Main)Live working - Voltage detectors -- Part 5: Voltage detecting systems (VDS)
Live working - Voltage detectors -- Part 5: Voltage detecting systems (VDS)
Is applicable to voltage detecting systems that are single-pole and are capacitively-coupled to live parts. They are used to detect the presence or absence of operating voltage on a.c. electrical systems for voltages from 1 kV to 52 kV, and for frequencies from 16 2/3 Hz to 60 Hz. This standard is also applicable to phase comparators designed for voltage detecting systems.
Arbeiten unter Spannung - Spannungsprüfer -- Teil 5: Spannungsprüfsysteme (VDS)
Travaux sous tension - Détecteurs de tension -- Partie 5: Systèmes détecteurs de tension (VDS)
Est applicable aux systèmes monopolaires détecteurs de tension en couplage capacitif avec des pièces sous tension et utilisés pour détecter la présence ou l'absence de la tension de service sur les réseaux électriques de tension alternative comprise entre 1 kV et 52 kV et à des fréquences comprises entre 16 2/3 Hz et 60 Hz. Cette norme s'applique également aux comparateurs de phase conçus pour s'adapter aux système détecteurs de tension.
Delo pod napetostjo - Napetostni detektorji - 5. del: Sistem za detekcijo napetosti (VDS) (IEC 61243-5:1997, spremenjen)
General Information
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Standards Content (Sample)
2003-01.Slovenski inštitut za standardizacijo. Razmnoževanje celote ali delov tega standarda ni dovoljeno.Delo pod napetostjo - Napetostni detektorji - 5. del: Sistem za detekcijo napetosti (VDS) (IEC 61243-5:1997, spremenjen)Arbeiten unter Spannung - Spannungsprüfer -- Teil 5: Spannungsprüfsysteme (VDS)Travaux sous tension - Détecteurs de tension -- Partie 5: Systèmes détecteurs de tension (VDS)Live working - Voltage detectors -- Part 5: Voltage detecting systems (VDS)13.260Protection against electric shock. Live workingICS:Ta slovenski standard je istoveten z:EN 61243-5:2001SIST EN 61243-5:2002en01-september-2002SIST EN 61243-5:2002SLOVENSKI
STANDARD
SIST EN 61243-5:2002
EUROPEAN STANDARDEN 61243-5NORME EUROPÉENNEEUROPÄISCHE NORMMay 2001CENELECEuropean Committee for Electrotechnical StandardizationComité Européen de Normalisation ElectrotechniqueEuropäisches Komitee für Elektrotechnische NormungCentral Secretariat: rue de Stassart 35, B - 1050 Brussels© 2001 CENELEC -All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved worldwide for CENELEC members.Ref. No. EN 61243-5:2001 EICS 22.260.99English versionLive working - Voltage detectorsPart 5: Voltage detecting systems (VDS)(IEC 61243-5:1997, modified)Travaux sous tension -Détecteurs de tensionPartie 5: Systèmes détecteurs de tension(VDS)(CEI 61243-5:1997, modifiée)Arbeiten unter Spannung -SpannungsprüferTeil 5: Spannungsprüfsysteme (VDS)(IEC 61243-5:1997, modifiziert)This European Standard was approved by CENELEC on 2000-11-01. CENELEC members are bound tocomply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving thisEuropean Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration.Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references concerning such national standards may be obtained onapplication to the Central Secretariat or to any CENELEC member.This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in anyother language made by translation under the responsibility of a CENELEC member into its ownlanguage and notified to the Central Secretariat has the same status as the official versions.CENELEC members are the national electrotechnical committees of Austria, Belgium, Czech Republic,Denmark, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Luxembourg, Netherlands, Norway,Portugal, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and United Kingdom.SIST EN 61243-5:2002
EN 61243-5:2001- 2 -ForewordThe text of the International Standard IEC 61243-5:1997, prepared by IEC TC 78, Liveworking, together with the common modifications prepared by the Technical CommitteeCENELEC TC 78, Equipment and tools for live working, was submitted to the formal vote andwas approved by CENELEC as EN 61243-5 on 2000-11-01.The following dates were fixed:-latest date by which the EN has to be implementedat national level by publication of an identicalnational standard or by endorsement(dop)2001-11-01-latest date by which the national standards conflictingwith the EN have to be withdrawn(dow)2003-11-01Annexes designated "normative" are part of the body of the standard.Annexes designated "informative" are given for information only.In this standard, annexes A, B, C and ZB are normative and annexes D, E, F and ZA areinformative.Annexes ZA and ZB have been added by CENELEC.__________SIST EN 61243-5:2002
- 3 -EN 61243-5:2001Endorsement noticeThe text of the International Standard IEC 61243-5:1997 was approved by CENELEC as aEuropean Standard with agreed common modifications as given below.COMMON MODIFICATIONSContentsAnnexes, addZASpecial conditions for voltage indicators which can be connected to a 230 V a.c. socket-outletZBNormative references to international publications with their corresponding Europeanpublications4.9Indicator4.9.7Add the following note :NOTE
The use of such indicators is restricted by special patent rights (see annex ZA).4.9.14Add the following note :NOTE
See also annex ZA.Table 2 – Dimensional characteristics of interface and test pointSecond line (HR), second column (Socket arrangement), replace the drawing by:Second line (HR), fourth column (Relevant standard), modify the text as follows :Refer to Figure C.1 or ZA.1, socket carrying the signal according to IEC 61010-2-031.SIST EN 61243-5:2002
EN 61243-5:2001- 4 -Replace annex C by:Annex C(normative)Dimensional characteristics of plug arrangementsHR-, MR and LRM-systems,Voltage indicator MR-systemDimensions in millimetersa =
19 mm, d = 4 mm, di = 6,5 mm, da = 7,8 mm1Insulating collar3The edges shall be chamfered or rounded off4Elastic contactSignal carrying pole (right side in figure) according to IEC 61010 - 031Figure C.1 - Plug arrangement for voltage indicator HR-system - Safety plugSIST EN 61243-5:2002
- 5 -EN 61243-5:2001Add the following annexes ZA and ZB:Annex ZA(informative)Special conditions for voltage indicators which can be connected toa 230 V a.c. socket-outletVoltage indicators which can be connected to a 230 V a.c. socket-outlet are covered in somecountries by special patent rights.Voltage indicators built according to Figure ZA.1 are included in this standard butmanufacturers of these indicators should ask the patent holder to negociate licences, ifapplicable.NOTE
See European Patent EP 00 92 51 B1.Dimensions in millimetersa is 18 mm to 19,2 mm in the plane of the engagement face and is 17 mm to 18 mm at theend of the pins.1 Insulating collar2 Metal pin, pin ends shall be rounded3 the edges shall be chamfered or rounded offFigure ZA.1 – EuroplugSIST EN 61243-5:2002
EN 61243-5:2001- 6 -Annex ZB(normative)Normative references to international publicationswith their corresponding European publicationsThis European Standard incorporates by dated or undated reference, provisions from otherpublications. These normative references are cited at the appropriate places in the text and thepublications are listed hereafter. For dated references, subsequent amendments to orrevisions of any of these publications apply to this European Standard only when incorporatedin it by amendment or revision. For undated references the latest edition of the publicationreferred to applies (including amendments).NOTE
When an international publication has been modified by common modifications, indicated by (mod), therelevant EN/HD applies.PublicationYearTitleEN/HDYearIEC 60050-1511978International Electrotechnical Vocabulary(IEV)Chapter 151: Electrical and magnetic devices--IEC 60060-1+ corr. March19891990High-voltage test techniquesPart 1: General definitions and testrequirementsHD 588.1 S11991IEC 60068-2-31969Basic environmental testing proceduresPart 2: Tests - Test Ca: Damp heat, steadystateHD 323.2.3 S21)1987IEC 60068-2-6+ corr. March19951995Environmental testingPart 2: Tests - Test Fc and guidance:Vibration (sinusoidal)EN 60068-2-61995IEC 60068-2-111981Part 2: Tests - Test Ka: Salt mistEN 60068-2-111999IEC 60068-2-141984Part 2: Tests - Test N: Change of temperatureEN 60068-2-142)1999IEC 60068-2-631991Part 2: Test methods - Test Eg: Impact,spring hammerEN 60068-2-631994IEC 60096-0-11990Radio-frequency cablesPart 0: Guide to the design of detailspecifications -- Section 1: Coaxial cables--IEC 6022519663)Octave, half-octave and third-octave bandfilters intended for the analysis of sounds andvibrations--IEC 60227-3(mod)1993Polyvinyl chloride insulated cables of ratedvoltages up to and including 450/750 VPart 3: Non-sheathed cables for fixed wiringHD 21.3 S31995
1) HD 323.2.3 S2 includes A1:1984 to IEC 60068-2-3.2) EN 60068-2-14 includes A1:1986 to IEC 60068-2-14.3) IEC 60225 is superseded by IEC 61260:1995, which is harmonized as EN 61260:1995.SIST EN 61243-5:2002
- 7 -EN 61243-5:2001PublicationYearTitleEN/HDYearIEC 60352-11983Solderless connectionsPart 1: Solderless wrapped connections -General requirements, test methods andpractical guidanceEN 60352-14)1994IEC 60352-21990Part 2: Solderless crimped connections -General requirements, test methods andpractical guidanceEN 60352-21994IEC 60352-51995Part 5: Solderless press-in connections -General requirements, test methods andpractical guidanceEN 60352-55)1995IEC 60384 (mod)seriesFixed capacitors for use in electronicequipmentEN 60384seriesIEC 605291989Degrees of protection provided by enclosures(IP Code)EN 60529+ corr. May19911993IEC 605361976Classification of electrical and electronicequipment with regard to protection againstelectric shockHD 366 S16)1977IEC 60603-111992Connectors for frequencies below 3 MHz foruse with printed boardsPart 11: Detail specification for concentricconnectors (dimensions for free connectorsand fixed connectors)--IEC 606511979Sound level metersEN 606511994IEC 606941980Common clauses for high-voltage switchgearand controlgear standardsHD 448 S47)1996IEC 607601989Flat, quick-connect terminations--IEC 60999-11990Connecting devices - Safety requirements forscrew-type and screwless-type clamping unitsfor electrical copper conductorsPart 1: General requirements and particularrequirements for conductors from 0,5 mm² upto 35 mm² (included)EN 60999-18)1993IEC 61010-2-0311993Safety requirements for electrical equipmentfor measurement, control and laboratory usePart 2-031: Particular requirements forhand-held probe assemblies for electricalmeasurement and testEN 61010-2-0311994
4) EN 60352-1:1994 is superseded by EN 60352-1:1997, which is based on IEC 60352-1:1997.5) EN 60352-5:1995 is superseded by EN 60352-5:2001, which is based on IEC 60352-5:2001.6) HD 366 S1 is superseded by EN 61140:2001, which is based on IEC 61140:1997.7)HD 448 S4 is superseded by EN 60694:1996 + corrigendum May 1999, which is based on IEC 60694:1996.8)EN 60999-1:1993 is superseded by EN 60999-1:2000, which is based on IEC 60999-1:1999.SIST EN 61243-5:2002
EN 61243-5:2001- 8 -PublicationYearTitleEN/HDYearISO 374019809)Acoustics – Determination of sound powerlevels of noise sources - Guidelines for theuse of basic standards and for the preparationof noise test codes--ISO 37441994Acoustics – Determination of sound powerlevels of noise sources using sound pressure -Engineering method in an essentially freefield over a reflecting planeEN ISO 37441995ISO 37451977Acoustics – Determination of sound powerlevels of noise sources - Precision methodsfor anechoic and semi-anechoic rooms--ISO 37461995Acoustics – Determination of sound powerlevels of noise sources using sound pressure -Survey method using an envelopingmeasurement surface over a reflecting planeEN ISO 37461995QC 0010051994Register of firms, products and servicesapproved under the IECQ System, includingISO 9000--
9) ISO 3740:2000 is harmonized as EN ISO 3740:2000.SIST EN 61243-5:2002
NORMEINTERNATIONALECEIIECINTERNATIONALSTANDARD61243-5Première éditionFirst edition1997-06Travaux sous tension –Détecteurs de tension –Partie 5:Systèmes détecteurs de tension (VDS)Live working –Voltage detectors –Part 5:Voltage detecting systems (VDS) Commission Electrotechnique Internationale International Electrotechnical
CommissionPour prix, voir catalogue en vigueurFor price, see current
catalogueÓ IEC 1997
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¾ Copyright - all rights reservedAucune partie de cette publication ne peut être reproduite niutilisée sous quelque forme que ce soit et par aucunprocédé, électronique ou mécanique, y compris la photo-copie et les microfilms, sans l'accord écrit de l'éditeur.No part of this publication may be reproduced or utilized inany form or by any means, electronic or mechanical,including photocopying and microfilm, without
permission inwriting
from the publisher.International Electrotechnical Commission3, rue de Varembé
Geneva, SwitzerlandTelefax: +41 22 919 0300e-mail: inmail@iec.ch IEC web site
http: //www.iec.chCODE PRIXPRICE CODEXASIST EN 61243-5:2002
61243-5 © IEC:1997– 3 –CONTENTSPageFOREWORD.7INTRODUCTION.9Clause1Scope.112Normative references.113Definitions.154Requirements.194.1General.194.2Threshold values for indication.214.3Indication and perceptibility.234.4Climatic requirements.254.5Coupling dielectric .254.6Measuring circuit components.274.7Connecting lead.294.8Interface and test point.294.9Indicator.314.10Terminal leads of separable indicators.314.11Markings.334.12Instructions for use.355Tests.355.1General.355.2Arrangement, assembly, markings and instructions for use.375.3Dielectric strength of the coupling system or integrated VDS.375.4Maximum current from the coupling electrode.395.5Interface conditions for separable VDS.395.6Voltage limiting device.395.7Temperature dependence of coupling systems of separable VDSand of integrated VDS.415.8Phase rotation of the coupling system.415.9Insulation resistance of the coupling system under pollution.435.10Connecting leads.455.11Clear indication in integrated VDS.455.12Vibration resistance of the indicator for separable and integrated VDS.475.13Drop and impact resistance.475.14Dielectric strength of separable indicators.475.15Threshold voltage and input impedance of indicators.495.16Climatic dependence of threshold voltage.51SIST EN 61243-5:2002
61243-5 © IEC:1997– 5 –ClausePage5.17Response time of indicator.535.18Non-response to d.c. voltage.535.19Efficiency of testing element.535.20Indication until power source is exhausted.555.21Temperature dependence of the separable indicator.575.22Clear perceptibility of visual indication.575.23Clear perceptibility of audible indication.595.24Clear indication of phase comparators.615.25Phase rotation of universal phase comparator.635.26Maintenance test of the coupling system of separable VDS.635.27Maintenance test of voltage indicators of separable VDS.655.28Maintenance test of integrated VDS.65Tables1Characteristics of separable voltage detecting systems (VDS).672Dimensional characteristics of interface and test point.69Figures1Voltage detecting system with portable indicator (separable VDS).712Voltage detecting system with integrated indicator (integrated VDS).713Voltage detecting system with portable indicator and adaptorExample for HR-LR.734Symbol for capacitive interface.755Example for markings of an interface in the HR-system.756Examples for measuring the response time.777Test set-up for perceptibility of visual indication.798Test set-up for perceptibility of audible indication.819Test set-up for clear indication and phase rotation of phase comparators.83AnnexesASequence of tests.85BInstructions for use of the VDS.93CDimensional characteristics of plug arrangements.99DSampling test.107ETightness test for separable connectors containing
LRP coupling systems.109FVoltage indicating systems.111SIST EN 61243-5:2002
61243-5 © IEC:1997– 7 –INTERNATIONAL ELECTROTECHNICAL COMMISSION___________LIVE WORKING – VOLTAGE DETECTORS –Part 5 : Voltage detecting systems (VDS)FOREWORD1)The IEC (International Electrotechnical Commission) is a worldwide organization for standardizationcomprising all national electrotechnical committees (IEC National Committees). The object of the IEC is topromote international co-operation on all questions concerning standardization in the electrical and electronicfields. To this end and in addition to other activities, the IEC publishes International Standards. Theirpreparation is entrusted to technical committees; any IEC National Committee interested in the subject dealtwith may participate in this preparatory work. International, governmental and non-governmental organizationsliaising with the IEC also participate in this preparation. The IEC collaborates closely with the InternationalOrganization for Standardization (ISO) in accordance with conditions determined by agreement between thetwo organizations.2)The formal decisions or agreements of the IEC on technical matters express, as nearly as possible, aninternational consensus of opinion on the relevant subjects since each technical committee has representationfrom all interested National Committees.3)The documents produced have the form of recommendations for international use and are published in theform of standards, technical reports or guides and they are accepted by the National Committees in thatsense.4)In order to promote international unification, IEC National Committees undertake to apply IEC InternationalStandards transparently to the maximum extent possible in their national and regional standards. Anydivergence between the IEC Standard and the corresponding national or regional standard shall be clearlyindicated in the latter.5)The IEC provides no marking procedure to indicate its approval and cannot be rendered responsible for anyequipment declared to be in conformity with one of its standards.6)Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this International Standard may be thesubject of patent rights. The IEC shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights.International Standard IEC 61243-5 has been prepared by IEC technical committee 78: Toolsfor live working.The text of this standard is based on the following documents:FDISReport on voting78/203/FDIS78/217/RVDFull information on the voting for the approval of this standard can be found in the report onvoting indicated in the above table.Annexes A, B and C form an integral part of this standard.Annexes D, E and F are for information only.SIST EN 61243-5:2002
61243-5 © IEC:1997– 9 –INTRODUCTIONCapacitive voltage detecting systems have already been used for a long time, especially onhermetically enclosed gas insulated switchgear in the medium voltage range. At the beginningthis technique was used only for information about the voltage. With this part of IEC 61243, it isthe intention to have the same level of safety for detection of the absence or presence ofvoltage as with conventional voltage detectors.SIST EN 61243-5:2002
61243-5 © IEC:1997– 11 –LIVE WORKING – VOLTAGE DETECTORS –Part 5 : Voltage detecting systems (VDS)1 ScopeThis part of IEC 61243 is applicable to voltage detecting systems that are single-pole and arecapacitively-coupled to live parts. They are used to detect the presence or absence ofoperating voltage on a.c. electrical systems for voltages from 1 kV to 52 kV, and forfrequencies from 162/3 Hz to 60 Hz.This standard is also applicable to phase comparators designed for voltage detecting systems.EMC tests are not included as, at the present time, not enough information about minimumrequirements is available.NOTES1Except where specified otherwise, all the voltages defined in this standard refer to values of phase-to-phasevoltages of three-phase systems. In other systems, the applicable phase-to-phase or phase-to-earth voltagesare used to determine the operating voltage.2Voltage detecting systems based on fundamentally different principles (for example optical systems,resistive coupling elements) are not covered in this standard but should meet the requirements of this standardwhere applicable.3For frequencies differing from 50 Hz, the values Cs and Ut according to table 1 are valid. The thresholdvalues for It have to be changed accordingly.4If in an electrical installation it is verified that the installation is dead by other means than using a voltagedetecting system, a different device which can be termed voltage indicating system may be used for serviceinformation about the voltage state with reduced requirements concerning tests for clear and reliable indication.If so, this should be clearly stated and made explicit by the manufacturer (see annex F for further details).2 Normative referencesThe following normative documents contain provisions which, through reference in this text,constitute provisions of this part of IEC 61243. At the time of publication, the editions indicatedwere valid. All normative documents are subject to revision, and parties to agreements basedon this part of IEC 61243 are encouraged to investigate the possibility of applying the mostrecent editions of the normative documents indicated below. Members of IEC and ISO maintainregisters of currently valid International Standards.IEC 60050(151): 1978, International Electrotechnical Vocabulary (IEV) – Chapter 151:Electrical and magnetic devicesIEC 60060-1: 1989, High voltage test techniques – Part 1: General definitions and testrequirementsIEC 60068-2-3: 1969, Environmental testing – Part 2: Tests – Test Ca: Damp heat, steadystateSIST EN 61243-5:2002
61243-5 © IEC:1997– 13 –IEC 60068-2-6: 1995, Environmental testing – Part 2: Tests – Test Fc and guidance: Vibration(sinusoidal)IEC 60068-2-11: 1981, Environmental testing – Part 2: Tests – Test Ka: Salt mistIEC 60068-2-14: 1984, Environmental testing – Part 2: Tests – Test N: Change of temperatureIEC 60068-2-63: 1991, Environmental testing – Part 2: Tests – Test Eg: Impact, spring hammerIEC 60096-0-1: 1990, Radio-frequency cables – Part 0: Guide to the design of detailspecifications – Section 1: Coaxial cablesIEC 60225: 1966, Octave, half-octave and third-octave band filters intended for the analysis ofsounds and vibrationsIEC 60227-3: 1993, Polyvinyl chloride insulated cables of rated voltages up to and including450/750 V – Part 3: Non-sheathed cables for fixed wiringIEC 60352-1: 1983, Solderless connections – Part 1: Solderless wrapped connections –General requirements, test methods and practical guidanceIEC 60352-2: 1990, Solderless connections – Part 2: Solderless crimped connections –General requirements, test methods and practical guidanceIEC 60352-5: 1995, Solderless connections – Part 5: Solderless press-in connections –General requirements, test methods and practical guidanceIEC 60384, Fixed capacitors for use in electronic equipmentIEC 60529: 1989, Degrees of protection provided by enclosures (IP code)IEC 60536: 1976, Classification of electrical and electronic equipment with regard to protectionagainst electric shockIEC 60603-11: 1992, Connectors for frequencies below 3 MHz for use with printed boards –Part 11: Detail specification for concentric connectors (dimensions for free connectors andfixed connectors)IEC 60651: 1979, Sound level metersIEC 60694: 1980, Common clauses for high-voltage switchgear and controlgear standardsIEC 60760: 1989, Flat, quick-connect terminationsIEC 60999: 1990, Connecting devices – Safety requirements for screw-type and screwless-typeclamping units for electrical copper conductorsIEC 61010-2-031: 1993, Safety requirements for electrical equipment for measurement, controland laboratory use – Part 2-031: Particular requirements for hand-held probe assemblies forelectrical measurement and testQC 001005: 1992, Register of firms, products and services approved under the IECQ System,including ISO 9000SIST EN 61243-5:2002
61243-5 © IEC:1997– 15 –ISO 3740: 1980, Acoustics – Determination of sound power levels of noise sources –Guidelines for the use of basic standards and for the preparation of noise test codesISO 3744: 1994, Acoustics – Determination of sound power levels of noise sources usingsound pressure – Engineering method in an essentially free field over a reflecting planeISO 3745: 1977, Acoustics – Determination of sound power levels of noise sources – Precisionmethods for anechoic and semi-anechoic roomsISO 3746: 1995, Acoustics – Determination of sound power levels of noise sources usingsound pressure – Survey method using an enveloping measurement surface over a reflectingplane3 DefinitionsFor the purpose of this part of IEC 61243 the following definitions apply:3.1
voltage detecting systems (VDS): Devices used to detect the presence or absence ofoperating voltage. Where the design permits any other electrical tests can be performed, forexample phase comparison (see figures 1 and 2).Voltage detecting systems are classified into:–integrated systems which are fixed and form an integral part of the equipment in whichthey are installed;–separable systems in which a portable indicator can be connected to a fixed couplingsystem by means of an interface.3.2
coupling electrode: Part which establishes the capacitance to the live part via thecoupling dielectric.3.3
coupling dielectric: Insulation between the live part and the coupling electrode.3.4
indicator: That part of the detecting system which detects the signal delivered by thecoupling electrode and indicates the voltage state and/or phase balance. Indicators may bedesigned as voltage indicators, phase comparators or as a combination of both.The voltage indicator is fixed in an integrated VDS and portable in a separable VDS.3.5
testing element: Built-in or external device, by means of which the functioning of theindicator can be checked by the user.3.6
coupling system: That part of the separable voltage detecting system which ispermanently fixed in the installation and provides the electrical signal for the indicator.3.7
coupling electrode connection: Connecting point for the connecting lead which comesfrom the equipment containing the coupling capacitance. This connection may be common withthe interface.3.8
interface: Connecting point between the coupling system and the indicator of a separableVDS. It consists of two poles, one with the signal and one earthed.SIST EN 61243-5:2002
61243-5 © IEC:1997– 17 –3.9
test point (TP): Connecting point of an integrated VDS. It consists of one pole with thesignal. It can be used for various purposes, for example phase comparison.3.10
connecting lead: Electrical connection between the coupling electrode and the interfaceor the integrated indicator.3.11
terminal lead: Electrical connection between interface or test point and the signal-processing circuit of portable voltage indicator or phase comparator.3.12
voltage limiting device: Protective device that limits the voltage
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