SIST EN ISO 9241-333:2017

Ergonomics of human-system interaction - Part 333: Stereoscopic displays using glasses (ISO 9241-333:2017)

This part of ISO 9241 provides ergonomic requirements for stereoscopic displays using glasses. These requirements are stated as performance specifications, aimed at ensuring effective and comfortable viewing conditions for users, and at reducing visual fatigue caused by stereoscopic images on stereoscopic display using glasses. Test methods and metrology, yielding conformance measurements and criteria, are provided for design evaluation.
This part of ISO 9241 is applicable to temporally or spatially interlaced type. These are implemented by flatpanel displays, projection displays, etc.
Stereoscopic displays using glasses can be applied to many contexts of use. However, this part focuses on business and home leisure applications (i.e., observing moving images, games, and so on). Only dark environments are specified in the current version of this part.

Ergonomie der Mensch-System-Interaktion - Teil 333: Stereoskopische Displays unter Verwendung von Brillen (ISO 9241-333:2017)

Dieser Teil von ISO 9241 liefert die ergonomischen Anforderungen für stereoskopische Displays unter Verwendung von Brillen. Diese Anforderungen werden als Leistungsvorschriften angegeben, die zum Ziel haben, ein effektives und bequemes Sehen der Benutzer sicherzustellen und die visuelle Ermüdung durch stereoskopische Bilder bei stereoskopischen Displays unter Verwendung von Brillen zu reduzieren. Prüfverfahren, Metrologie und Konformitätsverfahren und -kriterien für die Ergebnisse werden für die vorgesehene Bewertung vorgegeben.
Dieser Teil von ISO 9241 ist für die zeitlich verschachtelte und die räumlich verschachtelte Art anwendbar. Diese werden implementiert durch Flachbildschirme, Projektionsdisplays, etc.
Stereoskopische Displays unter Verwendung von Brillen können in zahlreichen Nutzungskontexten eingesetzt werden. Dieser Teil bezieht sich jedoch vorwiegend auf den geschäftlichen Bereich und Freizeitbereich zuhause (z. B. Beobachten von bewegten Bildern, Spielen etc.). Nur dunkle Umgebungen sind in der aktuellen Version dieses Teils spezifiziert.

Ergonomie de l'interaction homme-système - Partie 333: (ISO 9241-333:2017)

ISO 9241-333:2017 spécifie les exigences ergonomiques relatives aux écrans stéréoscopiques utilisant des lunettes conçues pour produire ou favoriser la parallaxe binoculaire. Ces exigences sont présentées sous forme de spécifications de performances visant à garantir des conditions de vision efficaces et confortables pour les utilisateurs ainsi qu'à réduire la fatigue visuelle causée par les images stéréoscopiques sur l'écran stéréoscopique utilisant des lunettes. Des méthodes d'essai et des données de métrologie, permettant d'obtenir des critères et des mesures pour la mise en conformité, sont fournies pour l'évaluation de la conception. Voir l'Annexe B pour les procédures de mesurage.
ISO 9241-333:2017 s'applique aux types d'affichage entrelacés dans le temps ou dans l'espace. Ces types sont mis en place au moyen de panneaux à écran plat, d'affichages à projection, etc.
Les écrans stéréoscopiques utilisant des lunettes peuvent être appliqués dans de nombreux contextes d'utilisation. Toutefois, le présent document porte principalement sur les applications liées aux activités professionnelles et récréatives (c'est-à-dire, l'observation d'images en mouvement, jeux, etc.). Seuls les environnements sombres sont spécifiés dans le présent document.
Pour l'explication technique des technologies d'affichage, voir l'Annexe C.

Ergonomija medsebojnega vpliva človek-sistem - 333. del: Stereoskopski zasloni z uporabo očal (ISO 9241-333:2017)

Ta del standarda ISO 9241 podaja ergonomske zahteve za stereoskopske zaslone, ki se uporabljajo z očali. Te zahteve so podane kot tehnične specifikacije, katerih namen je uporabnikom zagotavljati učinkovite in ugodne pogoje za gledanje ter zmanjšati utrujenost oči, ki je posledica gledanja stereoskopskih slik na stereoskopskih zaslonih z očali. Za vrednotenje zasnove so podane preskusne metode in meroslovje, ki omogočajo ugotavljanje skladnosti in podajajo merila zanjo. Ta del standarda ISO 9241 se uporablja za časovno in prostorsko povezane vrste zaslonov. Ti se uporabljajo v ploskih zaslonih, projekcijskih zaslonih itd.
Stereoskopski zasloni za uporabo z očali se lahko uporabljajo v različnih kontekstih. Ta del standarda se osredotoča na poslovno in domačo uporabo (tj. ogled premikajočih se slik, igre itd.) V trenutni različici tega dela dokumenta je opredeljena samo uporaba v temnih okoljih.

General Information

• Status: Published
• Public Enquiry End Date: 01-Jun-2016
• Publication Date: 07-Nov-2017
• ICS: 13.180 - Ergonomics
• ICS: 35.180 - IT Terminal and other peripheral equipment
• Technical Committee: VSN - Safety of machinery
• Current Stage: 6060 - National Implementation/Publication (Adopted Project)
• Start Date: 13-Jun-2017
• Due Date: 18-Aug-2017
• Completion Date: 08-Nov-2017
• Ref Project: EN ISO 9241-333:2017 - Ergonomics of human-system interaction - Part 333: Stereoscopic displays using glasses (ISO 9241-333:2017)

Standards Content (Sample)

SLOVENSKI STANDARD
SIST EN ISO 9241-333:2017
01-december-2017
(UJRQRPLMDPHGVHERMQHJDYSOLYDþORYHNVLVWHPGHO6WHUHRVNRSVNL]DVORQL]
XSRUDERRþDO,62
Ergonomics of human-system interaction - Part 333: Stereoscopic displays using glasses
(ISO 9241-333:2017)
Ergonomie der Mensch-System-Interaktion - Teil 333: Stereoskopische Displays unter
Verwendung von Brillen (ISO 9241-333:2017)
Ergonomie de l'interaction homme-système - Partie 333: (ISO 9241-333:2017)
Ta slovenski standard je istoveten z: EN ISO 9241-333:2017
ICS:
13.180 Ergonomija Ergonomics
35.180 Terminalska in druga IT Terminal and other
periferna oprema IT peripheral equipment
SIST EN ISO 9241-333:2017 en,fr,de
2003-01.Slovenski inštitut za standardizacijo. Razmnoževanje celote ali delov tega standarda ni dovoljeno.

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SIST EN ISO 9241-333:2017

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SIST EN ISO 9241-333:2017


EN ISO 9241-333
EUROPEAN STANDARD

NORME EUROPÉENNE

May 2017
EUROPÄISCHE NORM
ICS 13.180; 35.180
English Version

Ergonomics of human-system interaction - Part 333:
Stereoscopic displays using glasses (ISO 9241-333:2017)
Ergonomie de l'interaction homme-système - Partie Ergonomie der Mensch-System-Interaktion - Teil 333:
333: Écrans stéréoscopiques utilisant des lunettes (ISO Stereoskopische Displays unter Verwendung von
9241-333:2017) Brillen (ISO 9241-333:2017)
This European Standard was approved by CEN on 6 April 2017.

CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this
European Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references
concerning such national standards may be obtained on application to the CEN-CENELEC Management Centre or to any CEN
member.

This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by
translation under the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the CEN-CENELEC Management
Centre has the same status as the official versions.

CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia,
Finland, Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania,
Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Serbia, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland,
Turkey and United Kingdom.





EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATION
COMITÉ EUROPÉEN DE NORMALISATION

EUROPÄISCHES KOMITEE FÜR NORMUNG

CEN-CENELEC Management Centre: Avenue Marnix 17, B-1000 Brussels
© 2017 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved Ref. No. EN ISO 9241-333:2017 E
worldwide for CEN national Members.

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SIST EN ISO 9241-333:2017
EN ISO 9241-333:2017 (E)
Contents Page
European foreword . 3
2

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SIST EN ISO 9241-333:2017
EN ISO 9241-333:2017 (E)
European foreword
This document (EN ISO 9241-333:2017) has been prepared by Technical Committee
ISO/TC 159 “Ergonomics” in collaboration with Technical Committee CEN/TC 122 “Ergonomics” the
secretariat of which is held by DIN.
This European Standard shall be given the status of a national standard, either by publication of an
identical text or by endorsement, at the latest by November 2017, and conflicting national standards
shall be withdrawn at the latest by November 2017.
Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of
patent rights. CEN [and/or CENELEC] shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent
rights.
According to the CEN-CENELEC Internal Regulations, the national standards organizations of the
following countries are bound to implement this European Standard: Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria,
Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia,
France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta,
Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Serbia, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland,
Turkey and the United Kingdom.
Endorsement notice
The text of ISO 9241-333:2017 has been approved by CEN as EN ISO 9241-333:2017 without any
modification.

3

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SIST EN ISO 9241-333:2017

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SIST EN ISO 9241-333:2017
INTERNATIONAL ISO
STANDARD 9241-333
First edition
2017-04
Ergonomics of human-system
interaction —
Part 333:
Stereoscopic displays using glasses
Ergonomie de l’interaction homme-système —
Partie 333: Écrans stéréoscopiques utilisant des lunettes
Reference number
ISO 9241-333:2017(E)
©
ISO 2017

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SIST EN ISO 9241-333:2017
ISO 9241-333:2017(E)

COPYRIGHT PROTECTED DOCUMENT
© ISO 2017, Published in Switzerland
All rights reserved. Unless otherwise specified, no part of this publication may be reproduced or utilized otherwise in any form
or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying, or posting on the internet or an intranet, without prior
written permission. Permission can be requested from either ISO at the address below or ISO’s member body in the country of
the requester.
ISO copyright office
Ch. de Blandonnet 8 • CP 401
CH-1214 Vernier, Geneva, Switzerland
Tel. [phone]
Fax [phone]
[e-mail]
www.iso.org
ii © ISO 2017 – All rights reserved

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SIST EN ISO 9241-333:2017
ISO 9241-333:2017(E)

Contents Page
Foreword .v
Introduction .vi
1 Scope . 1
2 Normative references . 1
3 Terms and definitions . 1
3.1 General terms . 1
3.2 Human factors . 3
3.3 Performance characteristics. 4
4 Display technologies and their guiding principles . 4
5 Ergonomic requirements . 5
5.1 Viewing conditions . 5
5.1.1 General. 5
5.1.2 Design viewing distance . 5
5.1.3 Design viewing direction . 6
5.2 Luminance . 6
5.2.1 General. 6
5.2.2 Illuminance . 6
5.2.3 Display luminance . 6
5.3 Visual artefacts and fidelity. 6
5.3.1 General. 6
5.3.2 Luminance non-uniformity . 7
5.3.3 Interocular luminance difference . 7
5.3.4 Interocular crosstalk . 7
6 Optical laboratory test methods . 8
6.1 General . 8
6.1.1 Basic measurements and derived procedures . 8
6.1.2 Structure . 8
6.2 Measurement conditions . . 9
6.2.1 Preparations and procedures . 9
6.2.2 Test accessories .10
6.2.3 Test patterns .10
6.2.4 Alignment: measurement location and meter position .10
6.2.5 Light measuring device (LMD) .11
6.2.6 Measurement field . .12
6.2.7 Angular aperture .12
6.2.8 Meter time response .12
6.2.9 Test illumination .12
6.2.10 Other ambient test conditions .12
6.3 Measurement methods .13
6.3.1 Basic light measurements .13
6.3.2 P 333.1: Luminance angular distribution.15
6.3.3 P 334.1: Luminance angular uniformity .15
6.3.4 Luminance analysis .16
6.3.5 P 337.1: Interocular luminance difference .18
6.3.6 P 338.1: Interocular crosstalk .18
7 Analysis and compliance test methods .20
7.1 Compliance routes .20
7.1.1 Intended context of use .20
7.1.2 Design viewing direction range (angle of inclination and azimuth) .21
7.1.3 Information about the technology .22
7.1.4 Compliance assessment .22
7.2 Conformance .27
© ISO 2017 – All rights reserved iii

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ISO 9241-333:2017(E)

Annex A (informative) Overview of the ISO 9241 series .28
Annex B (informative) Matrix of measurement procedures .29
Annex C (informative) Technical explanation of display technologies .30
Bibliography .32
iv © ISO 2017 – All rights reserved

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SIST EN ISO 9241-333:2017
ISO 9241-333:2017(E)

Foreword
ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards
bodies (ISO member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally carried out
through ISO technical committees. Each member body interested in a subject for which a technical
committee has been established has the right to be represented on that committee. International
organizations, governmental and non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work.
ISO collaborates closely with the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) on all matters of
electrotechnical standardization.
The procedures used to develop this document and those intended for its further maintenance are
described in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 1. In particular, the different approval criteria needed for the
different types of ISO documents should be noted. This document was drafted in accordance with the
editorial rules of the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2 (see www .iso .org/ directives).
Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of
patent rights. ISO shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. Details of
any patent rights identified during the development of the document will be in the Introduction and/or
on the ISO list of patent declarations received (see www .iso .org/ patents).
Any trade name used in this document is information given for the convenience of users and does not
constitute an endorsement.
For an explanation on the voluntary nature of standards, the meaning of ISO specific terms and
expressions related to conformity assessment, as well as information about ISO’s adherence to the
World Trade Organization (WTO) principles in the Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) see the following
URL: w w w . i s o .org/ iso/ foreword .html.
This document was prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 159, Ergonomics, Subcommittee SC 4,
Ergonomics of human-system interaction.
A list of all parts in the ISO 9241 series can be found on the ISO website.
© ISO 2017 – All rights reserved v

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ISO 9241-333:2017(E)

Introduction
Recently, due to the improvement of display technologies, users can easily experience stereoscopic
displays using glasses, such as TVs with large screen, personal computers, etc. The displays are used
not only in the field of leisure, but also in business, education and medical applications.
This document presents the requirements for visual display units (VDUs) with stereoscopic displays
using glasses.
ISO 9241-303 covers the display hardware aspect and gives basic requirements for head-mounted
displays (HMDs). ISO/TR 9241-331 presents the optical characteristics of autostereoscopic displays.
These other documents are closely related to stereoscopic displays using glasses, but are not directly
applicable to them, because the need for special glasses or its absence is an important factor in
ergonomics. The visual factors of HMDs are also ergonomically different from those of other displays.
This document is not included in the current ISO 9241-300 subseries for 2D displays because stereoscopic
displays have unique features. The development of a separate document to cover stereoscopic displays
offers better understanding of its unique features. For an overview of the entire ISO 9241 series, see
Annex A.
[19]
Moreover, IWA 3:2005 was published (since withdrawn) to discuss the image contents aspect. This
ISO International Workshop Agreement described image safety issues and means of reducing the
incidence of undesirable biomedical effects caused by visual image sequences. Visual fatigue caused by
stereoscopic images (VFSI) is one of these undesirable effects.
With this document and the related International Standards, the purpose is to develop guidelines for
image content where activities are closely related to the use of stereoscopic displays with glasses.
To ensure effective and comfortable viewing, and to reduce VFSI, the standards will need to address
both display hardware and the displayed contents. However, as the first step, this document focuses on
the display hardware aspect in order to simplify the discussions.
vi © ISO 2017 – All rights reserved

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SIST EN ISO 9241-333:2017
INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO 9241-333:2017(E)
Ergonomics of human-system interaction —
Part 333:
Stereoscopic displays using glasses
1 Scope
This document specifies ergonomic requirements for stereoscopic displays using glasses designed to
produce or facilitate binocular parallax. These requirements are stated as performance specifications,
aimed at ensuring effective and comfortable viewing conditions for users, and at reducing visual fatigue
caused by stereoscopic images on stereoscopic display using glasses. Test methods and metrology,
yielding conformance measurements and criteria, are provided for design evaluation. See Annex B for
measurement procedures.
This document is applicable to temporally or spatially interlaced types of display. These are implemented
by flat-panel displays, projection displays, etc.
Stereoscopic displays using glasses can be applied to many contexts of use. However, this document
focuses on business and home leisure applications (i.e. observing moving images, games, etc.). Only
dark environments are specified in this document.
For technical explanation of display technologies, see Annex C.
2 Normative references
There are no normative references in this document.
3 Terms and definitions
For the purposes of this document, the following terms and definitions apply.
ISO and IEC maintain terminological databases for use in standardization at the following addresses:
— ISO Online browsing platform: available at http:// www .iso .org/ obp
— IEC Electropedia: available at http:// www .electropedia .org/
3.1 General terms
3.1.1
stereoscopic display
3D display where depth perception is induced by binocular parallax (3.2.1)
[SOURCE: ISO/TR 9241-331:2012, 2.1]
3.1.2
temporally interlaced type
temporally multiplexed type
temporally multiplexed display
temporally multiplexed stereoscopic display
stereoscopic display (3.1.1) that shows each of stereoscopic images sequentially
© ISO 2017 – All rights reserved 1

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SIST EN ISO 9241-333:2017
ISO 9241-333:2017(E)

3.1.3
spatially interlaced type
spatially multiplexed type
spatially multiplexed display
spatially multiplexed stereoscopic display
stereoscopic display (3.1.1) that shows each of stereoscopic images divided in the screen
Note 1 to entry: As a result, each of stereoscopic images is shown simultaneously.
3.1.4
glasses
eye attachment for dividing stereoscopic images into each eye from a stereoscopic display (3.1.1) not
mounted on the user
3.1.5
active glasses
glasses (3.1.4) where the lenses differently change their optical properties synchronizing with the
stereoscopic display (3.1.1)
Note 1 to entry: Usually left and right images are displayed alternately on a screen. When a left image is displayed,
the left lens of active glasses is turned on to transmit the image and the right lens is turned off to cut off the image.
3.1.6
passive glasses
glasses (3.1.4) where the lenses have differently fixed optical properties
3.1.7
stereoscopic images
set of images with parallax shown on a stereoscopic display (3.1.1).
[SOURCE: ISO/TR 9241-331:2012, 2.1.7]
3.1.8
stereoscopic views
pair of sights provided by a stereoscopic display (3.1.1), which induce stereopsis
Note 1 to entry: See Figure 1.
Note 2 to entry: Oxford Dictionary defines stereopsis as “the perception of depth produced by the reception in
the brain of visual stimuli from both eyes in combination”.
[SOURCE: ISO/TR 9241-331:2012, 2.1.8]
2 © ISO 2017 – All rights reserved

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SIST EN ISO 9241-333:2017
ISO 9241-333:2017(E)

Key
1 autostereoscopic display 4 monocular view (left eye)
2 monocular view (left eye) 5 stereoscopic views
3 monocular view (right eye) 6 stereoscopic images
Figure 1 — Relationship between stereoscopic images, stereoscopic views and monocular view
3.1.9
monocular view
one stereoscopic view (3.1.8)
[SOURCE: ISO/TR 9241-331:2012, 2.1.9]
3.2 Human factors
3.2.1
binocular parallax
apparent difference in the direction of a point as seen separately by one eye and the other, while the
head remains in a fixed position
Note 1 to entry: Binocular parallax is equivalent to the optic angle between the visual axes of both eyes, when
they are fixated to a single point.
[SOURCE: ISO/IWA 3:2005, 2.15 — modified.]
3.2.2
visual fatigue
eyestrain or asthenopia, which shows a wide range of visual symptoms, including tiredness, headache,
and soreness of the eyes, caused by watching images in a visual display
Note 1 to entry: See ISO 9241-302:2008, 3.5.3 for the definition of “asthenopia”.
[SOURCE: ISO/IWA 3:2005, 2.13 — modified.]
© ISO 2017 – All rights reserved 3

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3.3 Performance characteristics
3.3.1
interocular crosstalk
leakage of the stereoscopic images (3.1.7) from one eye to the other
Note 1 to entry: In some cases, interocular crosstalk is referred to as “3D crosstalk”. In stereoscopic display (3.1.1)
using glasses (3.1.4), the crosstalk means interocular effect and therefore this document uses “interocular”
instead of “3D”.
3.3.2
interocular luminance difference
difference between the luminance values of the left and right views of a stereoscopic presentation
[SOURCE: ISO 9241-392:2014, 3.16]
3.3.3
pseudoscopic images
pseudostereoscopic images
set of images with inverted parallax shown on a stereoscopic display (3.1.1)
4 Display technologies and their guiding principles
For a satisfying human–display interaction, a number of different requirements have to be met at
the same time in an appropriate balance. These requirements have been grouped into the following
subjects:
— viewing conditions; see 5.1;
— luminance; see 5.2;
— visual artefacts and fidelity; see 5.3.
Each subject includes the related performance characteristics (see Table 1) and the display performance.
This document focuses on the significant performance characteristics for stereoscopic display using
glasses, which are marked with an asterisk in Table 1. Other performance characteristics, such as
“gaze and head tilt angles”, “luminance adjustment”, etc. are common to the ordinary 2D display, and
ISO 9241-303 should be applied.
Table 1 — Performance characteristics by subject
Subject Performance characteristic
a
Viewing conditions Design viewing distance
a
Design viewing direction
Gaze and head tilt angles
a
Luminance Illuminance
a
Display luminance
Luminance balance
Luminance adjustment
a
This performance characteristic is a focus of this document.
4 © ISO 2017 – All rights reserved

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ISO 9241-333:2017(E)

Table 1 (continued)
Subject Performance characteristic
a
Visual artefacts Luminance non-uniformity
Colour non-uniformity
Contrast uniformity
Geometric distortions
Screen and faceplate defects
Temporal instability (flicker)
Spatial instability (jitter)
Moiré effects
Other instabilities
Unwanted reflections
Unwanted depth effects
Unwanted velocity and acceleration effects
a
Interocular luminance difference
Interocular chromaticity difference
Interocular contrast difference
a
Interocular crosstalk
Fidelity Colour gamut and reference white
Gamma and grey scale
Rendering of moving images
Image formation time
Spatial resolution
Raster modulation or fill factor
Pixel density
a
This performance characteristic is a focus of this document.
5 Ergonomic requirements
5.1 Viewing conditions
5.1.1 General
When viewing the stereoscopic display using glasses, conditions such as design viewing distance, design
viewing direction and head rotation (in-plain rotation) angles affect the viewer. In order to achieve
a comfortable viewing condition, the design viewing distance and direction need to be determined
properly.
NOTE When the viewer rotates his/her head, stereopsis is affected due to the mismatch of displayed parallax.
In this case, the effect of the displayed contents is evaluated first, and therefore the detailed requirements are
omitted from this document.
5.1.2 Design viewing distance
The design viewing distance is dependent on the application and the display hardware, such as the
display area size and the screen resolution. Therefore, the supplier of the display shall specify the
design viewing distance. If it is not specified, 1,3D should be applied, where D is the diagonal
view view
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ISO 9241-333:2017(E)

of the active display area. Shorter viewing distances can be used in the smaller display (smaller than
9 inches diagonal).
NOTE In stereoscopic displays, the depth sensation is affected by the viewing distance. Many contents for
stereoscopic display using glasses assume the viewing distance to be 3H . 3H is equivalent to 1,3D , and
view view view
1
...

SLOVENSKI STANDARD
oSIST prEN ISO 9241-333:2016
01-maj-2016
(UJRQRPLMDPHGVHERMQHJDYSOLYDþORYHNVLVWHPGHO6WHUHRVNRSVNL]DVORQL]
XSRUDERRþDO,62',6
Ergonomics of human-system interaction - Part 333: Stereoscopic displays using glasses
(ISO/DIS 9241-333:2016)
Ergonomie der Mensch-System-Interaktion - Teil 333: Stereoskopische Displays unter
Verwendung von Brillen (ISO/DIS 9241-333:2016)
Ergonomie de l'interaction homme-système - Partie 333: (ISO/DIS 9241-333:2016)
Ta slovenski standard je istoveten z: prEN ISO 9241-333
ICS:
13.180 Ergonomija Ergonomics
35.180 Terminalska in druga IT Terminal and other
periferna oprema IT peripheral equipment
oSIST prEN ISO 9241-333:2016 en,fr,de
2003-01.Slovenski inštitut za standardizacijo. Razmnoževanje celote ali delov tega standarda ni dovoljeno.

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oSIST prEN ISO 9241-333:2016

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oSIST prEN ISO 9241-333:2016
DRAFT INTERNATIONAL STANDARD
ISO/DIS 9241-333
ISO/TC 159/SC 4 Secretariat: BSI
Voting begins on: Voting terminates on:
2016-03-17 2016-06-17
Ergonomics of human-system interaction —
Part 333:
Stereoscopic displays using glasses
Ergonomie de l’interaction homme-système
ICS: 13.180; 35.180
ISO/CEN PARALLEL PROCESSING
This draft has been developed within the International Organization for
Standardization (ISO), and processed under the ISO lead mode of collaboration
as defined in the Vienna Agreement.
This draft is hereby submitted to the ISO member bodies and to the CEN member
bodies for a parallel three month enquiry.
THIS DOCUMENT IS A DRAFT CIRCULATED
FOR COMMENT AND APPROVAL. IT IS
THEREFORE SUBJECT TO CHANGE AND MAY
NOT BE REFERRED TO AS AN INTERNATIONAL
STANDARD UNTIL PUBLISHED AS SUCH.
To expedite distribution, this document is circulated as received from the
IN ADDITION TO THEIR EVALUATION AS
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Contents Page
1 Scope.1
2 Normative references .1
3 Terms and definitions.2
3.1 General terms .2
3.2 Human factors .3
3.3 Performance characteristics .4
4 Display technologies and their guiding principles .5
5 Ergonomic requirements .6
5.1 Viewing conditions.6
5.1.1 General .6
5.1.2 Design viewing distance .6
5.1.3 Design viewing direction .6
5.2 Luminance.6
5.2.1 General .6
5.2.2 Illuminance .6
5.2.3 Display luminance.6
5.3 Visual artefacts and fidelity.7
5.3.1 General .7
5.3.2 Luminance non-uniformity.7
5.3.3 Interocular luminance difference .7
5.3.4 Interocular crosstalk .8
6 Optical laboratory test methods .9
6.1 General .9
6.1.1 Measurements — Basic measurements and derived procedures .9
6.1.2 Structure .9
6.2 Measurement conditions . 10
6.2.1 Preparations and procedures. 10
6.2.2 Test accessories . 11
6.2.3 Test patterns. 11
6.2.4 Alignment — Measurement location and meter position . 11
6.2.5 Light measuring device (LMD). 13
6.2.6 Measurement field. 13
6.2.7 Angular aperture . 13
6.2.8 Meter time response. 13
6.2.9 Test illumination . 13
6.2.10 Other ambient test conditions . 14
6.3 Measurement methods . 14
6.3.1 Basic light measurements . 14
6.3.2 Directional light measurement — P 333.1 — Luminance angular distribution . 16
6.3.3 P 334.1 — Luminance angular uniformity. 17
6.3.4 Luminance analysis . 18
6.3.5 Interocular difference analysis . 20
6.3.6 Interocular crosstalk analysis . 21
7 Analysis and compliance test methods . 23
7.1 Compliance routes . 23
7.1.1 Intended context of use . 23
7.1.2 Information about the technology . 25
7.1.3 Compliance assessment. 25
7.2 Conformance . 29
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Annex A (informative) Overview of the ISO 9241 series . 30
Annex B (informative) Matrix of measurement procedures . 31
Annex C (informative) Technical explanation of display technologies . 32

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Foreword
ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards bodies
(ISO member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally carried out through ISO
technical committees. Each member body interested in a subject for which a technical committee has been
established has the right to be represented on that committee. International organizations, governmental and
non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work. ISO collaborates closely with the
International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) on all matters of electrotechnical standardization.
International Standards are drafted in accordance with the rules given in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2.
The main task of technical committees is to prepare International Standards. Draft International Standards
adopted by the technical committees are circulated to the member bodies for voting. Publication as an
International Standard requires approval by at least 75 % of the member bodies casting a vote.
In exceptional circumstances, when a technical committee has collected data of a different kind from that
which is normally published as an International Standard (“state of the art”, for example), it may decide by a
simple majority vote of its participating members to publish a Technical Report. A Technical Report is entirely
informative in nature and does not have to be reviewed until the data it provides are considered to be no
longer valid or useful.
Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent
rights. ISO shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights.
ISO/TR 9241-333 was prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 159, Ergonomics, Subcommittee SC 4,
Ergonomics of human-system interaction.
ISO 9241 consists of the following parts, under the general title Ergonomic requirements for office work with
visual display terminals (VDTs):
 Part 1: General introduction
 Part 2: Guidance on task requirements
 Part 3: Visual display requirements
 Part 4: Keyboard requirements
 Part 5: Workstation layout and postural requirements
 Part 6: Guidance on the work environment
 Part 9: Requirements for non-keyboard input devices
 Part 11: Guidance on usability
 Part 12: Presentation of information
 Part 13: User guidance
 Part 14: Menu dialogues
 Part 15: Command dialogues
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 Part 16: Direct- manipulation dialogues
 Part 17: Form filling dialogues
ISO 9241 also consists of the following parts, under the general title Ergonomics of human-system interaction:
 Part 20: Accessibility guidelines for information/communication technology (ICT) equipment and services
 Part 110: Dialogue principles
 Part 129: Guidance on software individualization
 Part 151: Software ergonomics for Guidance on World Wide Web user interfaces
 Part 171: Guidance on software accessibility
 Part 210: Human-centred design for interactive systems
 Part 300: Introduction to electronic visual display requirements
 Part 302: Terminology for electronic visual displays
 Part 303: Requirements for electronic visual displays
 Part 304: User performance test methods for electronic visual displays
 Part 305: Optical laboratory test methods for electronic visual displays
 Part 306: Field assessment methods for electronic visual displays
 Part 307: Analysis and compliance test methods for electronic visual displays
 Part 308: Surface-conduction electron-emitter displays (SED) [Technical Report]
 Part 309: Organic light-emitting diode (OLED) displays [Technical Report]
 Part 310: Pixel defects — Visibility, aestetics and ergonomics [Technical Report]
 Part 331: Optical characteristics of autostereoscopic displays [Technical Report]
 Part 400: Principles and requirements for physical input devices
 Part 410: Design criteria for physical input devices
 Part 420: Selection procedures for physical input devices
 Part 910: Framework for tactile and haptic interaction
 Part 920: Guidance on tactile and haptic interactions
For the other parts under preparation, see Annex A.
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Introduction
Recently, due to the improvement of display technologies, users can easily experience stereoscopic displays
using glasses, such as TVs with large screen, personal computers, and so on. The displays are used not only
in the field of leisure, but also in the field of business, education and medical applications. ISO 9241-333
presents the requirements for visual display units (VDUs) with stereoscopic displays using glasses.
The visual experience of users is affected by both display hardware and image contents. Regarding the
display hardware aspect, ISO/TC 159/SC 4 has developed ISO 9241-303 “Ergonomics of human-system
interaction – Part 303: Requirements for electronic visual displays”, in which basic requirements for head
mounted displays (HMDs) are described within its Annex E "Virtual display – Performance objectives". ISO/TC
159/SC 4 has also developed ISO/DTR 9241-331 “Ergonomics of human-system interaction – Part 331:
Optical characteristics of autostereoscopic displays”. Those documents are closely related with stereoscopic
displays using glasses, but are not directly applicable to them, because whether the special glasses are
required or not is an important factor in ergonomics. The visual factors of HMDs are also ergonomically
different from those of other displays. ISO 9241-333 is not included in the current ISO 9241-300 series for 2D
displays, because stereoscopic display has unique features. The separated documents will be better for
understanding.
Regarding the image contents aspect ISO/IWA3:2005 has been published. This document describes the
international agreement on image safety issues for reducing the incidence of undesirable biomedical effects
caused by visual image sequences. Visual fatigue caused by stereoscopic images (VFSI) is contained as one
of these undesirable effects. In order to develop the guidelines for image contents, ISO/TC 159/SC 4
established WG 12. The activities are closely related with the standard for stereoscopic displays using glasses.
For ensuring effective and comfortable viewing, and for reducing VFSI, the standards should deal with both
display hardware and the displayed contents. However, as the first step, ISO9241-333 focuses on the display
hardware aspect in order to simplify the discussions.
ISO 9241-333 is drafted in accordance with the rules given in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2. Requirements,
measuring methods, compliance test methods for conformity are provided.
The first clause of this document describes the scope, defining applicability of the descriptions of this
document.
Normative references are described in the second clause.
The third clause provides a comprehensive list of the terminology for stereoscopic displays using glasses.
These terms are needed to specify requirements and measurements in the other clauses.
Guiding principles and performance requirements in the fourth and fifth clause are presented to remind
document users of the foundations of the work.
The sixth clause provides optical measurement methods which can be used for predicting the performance of
stereoscopic displays using glasses against the ergonomics requirements.
The seventh clause covers the compliance test methods for conformity.


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DRAFT ISO/DIS 9241-333:2016(E)

Ergonomics of human-system interaction — Part 333:
Stereoscopic displays using glasses
1 Scope
This part of ISO 9241 provides ergonomic requirements for stereoscopic displays using glasses. These
requirements are stated as performance specifications, aimed at ensuring effective and comfortable viewing
conditions for users, and at reducing visual fatigue caused by stereoscopic images on stereoscopic display
using glasses. Test methods and metrology, yielding conformance measurements and criteria, are provided
for design evaluation.
This part of ISO 9241 is applicable to temporally or spatially interlaced type. These are implemented by flat-
panel displays, projection displays, etc.
Stereoscopic displays using glasses can be applied to many contexts of use. However, this part focuses on
business and home leisure applications (i.e., observing moving images, games, and so on). Only dark
environments are specified in the current version of this part.

2 Normative references
The following referenced documents are indispensable for the application of this document. For dated
references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced
document (including any amendments) applies.
ISO 9241-300, Ergonomics of human-system interaction — Part 300: Introduction to electronic visual display
requirements
ISO 9241-302, Ergonomics of human-system interaction — Part 302: Terminology for electronic visual
displays
ISO 9241-303, Ergonomics of human-system interaction — Part 303: Requirements for electronic visual
displays
ISO 9241-305, Ergonomics of human-system interaction — Part 305: Optical laboratory test methods for
electronic visual displays
ISO 9241-307, Ergonomics of human-system interaction — Part 307: Analysis and compliance test methods
for electronic visual displays
ISO 9241-331, Ergonomics of human-system interaction — Part 331: Optical characteristics of
autostereoscopic displays [Technical Report]
ISO 9241-392, Ergonomics of human-system interaction — Part 392: Ergonomic recommendations for the
reduction of visual fatigue from stereoscopic images

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3 Terms and definitions
For the purposes of this document, the following terms and definitions apply.
3.1 General terms
3.1.1
stereoscopic display
3D display where depth perception is induced by binocular parallax
NOTE 1 to entry: See ISO 9241-331, 2.1.2, “stereoscopic display”.
NOTE 2 to entry: See ISO 9241-302:2008, 3.5.5 "binocular display device".
3.1.2
stereoscopic display using glasses
stereoscopic display using glasses to provide binocular parallax
NOTE 1 to entry: See 3.1.1 stereoscopic display.
NOTE 2 to entry: See 3.1.5 glasses.
3.1.3
temporally interlaced type
temporally multiplexed type
temporally multiplexed display
temporally multiplexed stereoscopic display
stereoscopic display that shows each of stereoscopic images sequentially
3.1.4
spatially interlaced type
spatially multiplexed type
spatially multiplexed display
spatially multiplexed stereoscopic display
stereoscopic display that shows each of stereoscopic images divided in the screen
NOTE 1 to entry: As a result, each of stereoscopic images is show n simultaneously.
3.1.5
glasses
eye attachment for dividing stereoscopic images into each eye from a stereoscopic display not mounted on
the user
3.1.6
active glasses
glasses whose lenses differently change their optical properties synchronizing with the stereoscopic display
NOTE 1 to entry: Usually left and right images are displayed alternately on a screen. When a left image is displayed, the
left lens of active glasses is turned on to transmit the image and the right lens is turned off to cut off the image.
3.1.7
passive glasses
glasses whose lenses have differently fixed optical properties
3.1.8
stereoscopic images
set of images with parallax shown on a stereoscopic display
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NOTE 1 to entry: See ISO 9241-331, 2.1.7, “stereoscopic images”.
3.1.9
stereoscopic views
pair of sights provided by a stereoscopic display, which induce stereopsis,
NOTE 1 to entry: See ISO 9241-331, 2.1.8, “stereoscopic view s”.
Monocular view
(Left eye)

Monocular view (Right eye)

Monocular view
(Left eye)

Figure 1 — Relation between stereoscopic images, stereoscopic views and monocular view
3.1.10
monocular view
one of stereoscopic views
NOTE 1 to entry: See ISO 9241-331, 2.1.9, “monocular view ”.

3.2 Human factors
3.2.1
binocular parallax
apparent difference in the direction of a point as seen separately by one eye and by the other, while the head
remains in a fixed position
NOTE 1 to entry: See ISO/IWA3:2005, 2.15.
NOTE 2 to entry: Binocular parallax is equivalent to the optic angle betw een the visual axes of both eyes, w hen they are
fixated to a single point.
3.2.2
visual fatigue
eyestrain or asthenopia, which shows a wide range of visual symptoms, including tiredness, headache, and
soreness of the eyes, caused by watching images in a visual display
NOTE 1 to entry: See ISO/IWA3:2005, 2.13.
NOTE 2 to entry: See ISO 9241-302:2008, 3.5.3.
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3.3 Performance characteristics
3.3.1
interocular crosstalk
leakage of the stereoscopic image(s) for one eye to the other
NOTE 1 to entry: In some cases, interocular crosstalk is called as 3D crosstalk. In stereoscopic display using glasses, the
crosstalk means interocular effect, and therefore in this document “interocular.
3.3.2
interocular luminance difference
difference in luminance between stereoscopic views
3.3.5
pseudoscopic images
pseudostereoscopic images
set of images with inverted parallax shown on a stereoscopic display


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4 Display technologies and their guiding principles
For a satisfying human–display interaction, a number of different requirements have to be met at the same
time in an appropriate balance. These requirements have been grouped into the following major areas:
--- viewing conditions;
--- luminance;
--- visual artefacts;
--- fidelity.
As shown in Table 4.1, each major area includes the characteristic items related with the display performance.
In this standard, the significant items for the stereoscopic display using glasses, which are shown with the star
mark in Table 4.1, are focused on. Other items, such as “gaze and head tilt angles”, “luminance adjustment”
and so on, are common to the ordinary 2D display, and ISO 9241-303 should be applied, if there is no special
reason due to the stereoscopic display using glasses.
Table 4.1 --- Performance characteristic items
viewing conditions design viewing distance *
design viewing direction *
gaze and head tilt angles
luminance Illuminance *
display luminance *
display balance and glare
luminance adjustment
visual artefacts luminance non-uniformity *
colour non-uniformity
contrast uniformity
geometric distortions
screen and faceplate defects
temporal instability (flicker)
spatial instability (jitter)
moiré effects
other instabilities
unwanted reflections
unwanted depth effects
interocular luminance difference *
interocular chromaticity difference
interocular contrast difference
interocular crosstalk *
fidelity colour gamut and reference white
gamma and grey scale
rendering of moving images
image formation time
spatial resolution
raster modulation or fill factor
pixel density
* The item is focused in this standard.


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5 Ergonomic requirements
5.1 Viewing conditions
5.1.1 General
When viewing the stereoscopic display using glasses, such conditions as design viewing distance, design
viewing direction, head rotation (in-plain rotation) angles affect the viewer. In order to achieve comfortable
viewing condition, the design viewing distance and direction need to be determined properly.
NOTE  When the view er rotates his/her head, the stereopsis is affected due to the mismatch of displayed parallax. In this
case, the effect of displayed contents needs to be evaluated first, and therefore the detailed requirements are omitted i n
the document of this version.
5.1.2 Design viewing distance
The design viewing distance is dependent on the application and the display hardware, such as the display
area size and the screen resolution. Therefore, the supplier of the display shall specify the design viewing
distance. If it is not specified, 1.3Dview should be applied, where Dview is the diagonal of the active display area.
Shorter viewing distances can be used in the smaller display.
NOTE  In stereoscopic displays, the depth sensation is aff ected by the view ing distance. Many contents for stereoscopic
display using glasses assume the view ing distance to be 3H . 3Hview is equivalent to 1.3Dview, and 1.3Dview is better for
view
various aspect ratios of the active display area. When the view ing distance is shorter, the perceived parallax is larger. This
condition may increase uncomfortablility and VFSI, and therefore needs to be avoided.
5.1.3 Design viewing direction
For the use in which many users view, the stereoscopic display using glasses should be viewed from any
angle of inclination up to at least 40° from the normal to the surface of the display, measured in any plane. For
personal use, all over the display area should be viewed at least from the design viewing position determined
by the design viewing distance and direction. Therefore, the supplier of the display shall specify the design
viewing direction, and the specified value shall be applied. If it is not specified, the above requirements should
be applied.

5.2 Luminance
5.2.1 General
In order to obtain information from the display, sufficient display luminance is necessary. In addition, a
luminous environment to the screen contributes to the display luminance. When the stereoscopic display
using glasses is used, not only the display area, but also the environment is viewed through the glasses.
Therefore, the display luminance shall be checked through the glasses. Note that with the glasses, both the
display luminance and the screen illuminance are generally reduced.
5.2.2 Illuminance
The supplier shall specify the design screen illuminance, E .
S
5.2.3 Display luminance
In the ambient illumination for which the display is designed, the display luminance through glasses shall
exceed the minimum value for obtaining a sufficient recognizability of the displayed information over the
design viewing range and the intended lifetime of the visual display unit.
6
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