SIST EN 61988-1:2005
(Main)Plasma display panels -- Part 1: Terminology and letter symbols
Plasma display panels -- Part 1: Terminology and letter symbols
Gives the preferred terms, their definitions and symbols for colour AC plasma display panels (AC PDP); with the object of using the same terminology when publications are prepared in different countries. Guidance on the technology is provided in the annexes.
Plasmabildschirme -- Teil 1: Terminologie und Buchstabensymbole
Panneaux d'affichage à plasma -- Partie 1: Terminologie et symboles littéraux
Gives the preferred terms, their definitions and symbols for colour AC plasma display panels (AC PDP); with the object of using the same terminology when publications are prepared in different countries. Guidance on the technology is provided in the annexes.
Prikazalniki s plazmo – 1. del: Izrazje in črkovni simboli (IEC 61988-1:2003)
General Information
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Standards Content (Sample)
SLOVENSKI SIST EN 61988-1:2005
STANDARD
december 2005
Prikazalniki s plazmo – 1. del: Izrazje in črkovni simboli (IEC 61988-1:2003)
Plasma display panels – Part 1: Terminology and letter symbols (IEC 61988-1:2003)
ICS 31.120 Referenčna številka
SIST EN 61988-1:2005(en)
© Standard je založil in izdal Slovenski inštitut za standardizacijo. Razmnoževanje ali kopiranje celote ali delov tega dokumenta ni dovoljeno
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EUROPEAN STANDARD EN 61988-1
NORME EUROPÉENNE
EUROPÄISCHE NORM May 2003
ICS 31.260
English version
Plasma display panels
Part 1: Terminology and letter symbols
(IEC 61988-1:2003)
Panneaux d'affichage à plasma Plasmabildschirme
Partie 1: Terminologie et Teil 1: Terminologie und
symboles littéraux Buchstabensymbole
(CEI 61988-1:2003) (IEC 61988-1:2003)
This European Standard was approved by CENELEC on 2003-05-01. CENELEC members are bound to
comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this European
Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration.
Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references concerning such national standards may be obtained on
application to the Central Secretariat or to any CENELEC member.
This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other
language made by translation under the responsibility of a CENELEC member into its own language and
notified to the Central Secretariat has the same status as the official versions.
CENELEC members are the national electrotechnical committees of Austria, Belgium, Czech Republic,
Denmark, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Luxembourg, Malta,
Netherlands, Norway, Portugal, Slovakia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and United Kingdom.
CENELEC
European Committee for Electrotechnical Standardization
Comité Européen de Normalisation Electrotechnique
Europäisches Komitee für Elektrotechnische Normung
Central Secretariat: rue de Stassart 35, B - 1050 Brussels
© 2003 CENELEC - All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved worldwide for CENELEC members.
Ref. No. EN 61988-1:2003 E
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EN 61988-1:2003 - 2 -
Foreword
The text of document 47C/289/FDIS, future edition 1 of IEC 61988-1, prepared by SC 47C, Flat panel
display devices, of IEC TC 47, Semiconductor devices, was submitted to the IEC-CENELEC parallel
vote and was approved by CENELEC as EN 61988-1 on 2003-05-01.
The following dates were fixed:
– latest date by which the EN has to be implemented
at national level by publication of an identical
national standard or by endorsement (dop) 2004-02-01
– latest date by which the national standards conflicting
with the EN have to be withdrawn (dow) 2006-05-01
Annexes designated "normative" are part of the body of the standard.
Annexes designated "informative" are given for information only.
In this standard, annex ZA is normative and annexes A, B, C, D and E are informative.
Annex ZA has been added by CENELEC.
____
Endorsement notice
The text of the International Standard IEC 61988-1:2003 was approved by CENELEC as a European
Standard without any modification.
__________
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- 3 - EN 61988-1:2003
Annex ZA
(normative)
Normative references to international publications
with their corresponding European publications
This European Standard incorporates by dated or undated reference, provisions from other
publications. These normative references are cited at the appropriate places in the text and the
publications are listed hereafter. For dated references, subsequent amendments to or revisions of any
of these publications apply to this European Standard only when incorporated in it by amendment or
revision. For undated references the latest edition of the publication referred to applies (including
amendments).
NOTE When an international publication has been modified by common modifications, indicated by (mod), the relevant
EN/HD applies.
Publication Year Title EN/HD Year
1) 2)
IEC 61988-2-1 - Plasma display panels EN 61988-2-1 2002
Part 2-1: Measuring methods – Optical
1) 2)
IEC 61988-2-2 - Part 2-2: Measuring methods - EN 61988-2-2 2003
Optoelectrical
CIE 15.2 1986 Colorimetry - -
1)
Undated reference.
2)
Valid edition at date of issue.
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NORME CEI
INTERNATIONALE IEC
61988-1
INTERNATIONAL
Première édition
STANDARD
First edition
2003-05
Panneaux d'affichage à plasma –
Partie 1:
Terminologie et symboles littéraux
Plasma display panels –
Part 1:
Terminology and letter symbols
© IEC 2003 Droits de reproduction réservés ⎯ Copyright - all rights reserved
Aucune partie de cette publication ne peut être reproduite ni No part of this publication may be reproduced or utilized in any
utilisée sous quelque forme que ce soit et par aucun procédé, form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including
électronique ou mécanique, y compris la photocopie et les photocopying and microfilm, without permission in writing from
microfilms, sans l'accord écrit de l'éditeur. the publisher.
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Telephone: +41 22 919 02 11 Telefax: +41 22 919 03 00 E-mail: inmail@iec.ch Web: www.iec.ch
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Pour prix, voir catalogue en vigueur
For price, see current catalogue
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61988-1 © IEC:2003 – 3 –
CONTENTS
FOREWORD . 5
1 Scope . 9
2 Normative references. 9
3 Terms and definitions . 9
4 Symbols.57
4.1 Symbol list by term name.57
4.2 Symbol list by symbol .59
Annex A (informative) Description of the technology.63
Annex B (informative) Relationship between voltage terms and discharge
characteristics.87
Annex C (informative) Gaps .89
Annex D (informative) Manufacturing .91
Annex E (informative) Interconnect pad.97
Figure A.1 – Principal structures and discharge characteristics of a DC PDP cell and
an AC PDP cell .63
Figure A.2 – Discharge characteristics of a cell (single cell static characteristics) .67
Figure A.3 – Static characteristics of cells in a panel or a group of cells.69
Figure A.4 – Write waveform components .71
Figure A.5 – Operation of a two-electrode type AC PDP.73
Figure A.6 – Relation between margins and applied voltages .75
Figure A.7 – Structure of a three-electrode type, surface discharge colour AC PDP .77
Figure A.8 – Address-, Display-period separation method .81
Figure A.9 – A driving waveform for ADS method applied to a three-electrode .83
Figure A.10 – Address while display method .85
Figure C.1 – Gaps (sustain gap, plate gap and interpixel gap) in a three-electrode
type AC PDP.89
Figure D.1 – PDP manufacturing flow chart .93
Figure E.1 – Interconnect pad group .97
Figure E.2 – Dimensions of interconnect pads.97
Table B.1 – Relation between static, dynamic and operating discharge characteristics
in a cell, a panel or a group of cells.87
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61988-1 © IEC:2003 – 5 –
INTERNATIONAL ELECTROTECHNICAL COMMISSION
––––––––––––
PLASMA DISPLAY PANELS –
Part 1: Terminology and letter symbols
FOREWORD
1) The International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) is a worldwide organization for standardization comprising
all national electrotechnical committees (IEC National Committees). The object of IEC is to promote
international co-operation on all questions concerning standardization in the electrical and electronic fields. To
this end and in addition to other activities, IEC publishes International Standards, Technical Specifications,
Technical Reports, and Guides (hereafter referred to as “IEC Publication(s)”). Their preparation is entrusted to
technical committees; any IEC National Committee interested in the subject dealt with may participate in this
preparatory work. International, governmental and non-governmental organizations liaising with the IEC also
participate in this preparation. IEC collaborates closely with the International Organization for Standardization
(ISO) in accordance with conditions determined by agreement between the two organizations.
2) The formal decisions or agreements of IEC on technical matters express, as nearly as possible, an international
consensus of opinion on the relevant subjects since each technical committee has representation from all
interested IEC National Committees.
3) IEC Publications have the form of recommendations for international use and are accepted by IEC National
Committees in that sense. While all reasonable efforts are made to ensure that the technical content of IEC
Publications is accurate, IEC cannot be held responsible for the way in which they are used or for any
misinterpretation by any end user.
4) In order to promote international uniformity, IEC National Committees undertake to apply IEC Publications
transparently to the maximum extent possible in their national and regional publications. Any divergence
between any IEC Publication and the corresponding national or regional publication shall be clearly indicated in
the latter.
5) IEC provides no marking procedure to indicate its approval and cannot be rendered responsible for any
equipment declared to be in conformity with an IEC Publication.
6) All users should ensure that they have the latest edition of this publication.
7) No liability shall attach to IEC or its directors, employees, servants or agents including individual experts and
members of its technical committees and IEC National Committees for any personal injury, property damage or
other damage of any nature whatsoever, whether direct or indirect, or for costs (including legal fees) and
expenses arising out of the publication, use of, or reliance upon, this IEC Publication or any other IEC
Publications.
8) Attention is drawn to the Normative references cited in this publication. Use of the referenced publications is
indispensable for the correct application of this publication.
9) Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this IEC Publication may be the subject of
patent rights. IEC shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights.
International Standard IEC 61988-1 has been prepared by subcommittee 47C: Flat panel
1
display devices , of IEC technical committee 47: Semiconductor devices.
This bilingual version (2003-08) replaces the English version.
The text of this standard is based on the following documents:
FDIS Report on voting
47C/289/FDIS 47C/296/RVD
Full information on the voting for the approval on this standard can be found in the report on
voting indicated in the above table.
———————
1
Subcommittee 47C has been converted into committee 110: Flat panel display devices.
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61988-1 © IEC:2003 – 7 –
The French version of this standard has not been voted upon.
This publication has been drafted in accordance with the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2.
IEC 61988 will consist of the following parts, under the general title Plasma display panels:
Part 1: Terminology and letter symbols;
Part 2-1: Measuring methods – Optical;
Part 2-2: Measuring methods – Optoelectrical;
Part 3: Guidelines of mechanical interface;
Part 4: Environmental, endurance and mechanical test methods.
The committee has decided that the contents of this publication will remain unchanged until
2008. At this date, the publication will be
• reconfirmed;
• withdrawn;
• replaced by a revised edition, or
• amended.
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61988-1 © IEC:2003 – 9 –
PLASMA DISPLAY PANELS –
Part 1: Terminology and letter symbols
1 Scope
This part of IEC 61988 gives the preferred terms, their definitions and symbols for colour
AC plasma display panels (AC PDP); with the object of using the same terminology when
publications are prepared in different countries. Guidance on the technology is provided
in the annexes.
2 Normative references
The following referenced documents are indispensable for the application of this document.
For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition
of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies.
IEC 61988-2-1, Plasma display panels – Part 2-1: Measuring methods – Optical
IEC 61988-2-2, Plasma display panels – Part 2-2: Measuring methods – Optoelectrical
nd
CIE 15.2:1986, Colorimetry, 2 Edition
3 Terms and definitions
For the purposes of this document, the following definitions apply.
3.1
AC PDP
NOTE See AC plasma display panel.
3.2
AC plasma display panel
AC PDP
plasma display panel in which the gas discharge region is insulated from the electrodes that
are driven with AC voltage pulses
3.3
address bias
Vba
data bias
common voltage applied to all address electrodes during addressing
3.4
address cycle period
time interval between initiation of the closest spaced successive address pulses
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61988-1 © IEC:2003 – 11 –
3.5
address discharge
discharge that changes the state of a PDP subpixel
3.6
address electrode
data electrode
electrode, orthogonal to the scan electrode, that is used in driving the subpixels with
the image data
3.7
address pulse
data pulse
incremental voltage pulse applied to a single address (data) electrode for addressing,
to select a subpixel according to an image to be displayed
NOTE See scan pulse.
3.8
address voltage
Va
data voltage
amplitude of the voltage pulses applied to the address (data) electrode during addressing
(excludes the address bias on the electrode)
3.9
address while display method
AWD method
grey scale drive technique that addresses only a portion of the pixels of the panel in any time
within a sustain period
NOTE See also ADS.
3.10
addressability
number of pixels in the horizontal and vertical directions, that can have their luminance
changed
NOTE Usually expressed in the number of horizontal pixels by the number of vertical pixels. This term is not
synonymous with resolution. See resolution.
3.11
addressing
setting or changing the state of a subpixel with an address pulse
3.12
ADS method
address, display-period separation method
grey scale drive technique that consists of addressing all the pixels in the panel in one time
period and sustaining all the pixels in the panel in a separate time period
3.13
ageing
manufacturing process consisting of operating the panel under conditions that stabilize its
performance
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61988-1 © IEC:2003 – 13 –
3.14
annealing
process of heating the glass above its annealing point and cooling at a controlled rate
to minimize dimensional changes during subsequent high temperature cycles
3.15
anode
positively charged surface of a device that collects electrons from the discharge
NOTE In an AC PDP, the cathode and anode exchange their roles on alternate half-cycles.
3.16
aspect ratio
ratio of screen width to screen height
3.17
auto power control
APC
circuit means to control the peak and/or average power of the display
3.18
auxiliary anode
anode in a DC PDP whose discharge contributes to supply priming particles to ignite a
discharge in a cell
3.19
back plate
rear plate
plate furthest from the viewer
3.20
back-filling
NOTE See filling.
3.21
bake
NOTE See bakeout, baking.
3.22
bakeout
high temperature processing of a vacuum system and/or PDP to assist in achieving low
pressures
3.23
baking
high temperature process used to evaporate water and decompose organic materials
NOTE Baking is used to clean the parts by dispersing unwanted material into the atmosphere.
3.24
barrier rib
rib that separates the cells of the panel, electrically, optically and physically
NOTE The barrier ribs may extend from the front plate to the back plate and control the spacing between
the plates.
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61988-1 © IEC:2003 – 15 –
3.25
binder burnout
process during which organic binders are remove by decomposition and/or oxidation
3.26
black level luminance
luminance of the panel in its minimum luminance state in a dark ambient
NOTE See 6.3.3.b of IEC 61988-2-1.
3.27
black matrix
black material placed in the space between subpixel areas in order to improve contrast by
reducing reflectivity
3.28
black stripe
black material placed in the space between subpixel areas in order to improve contrast by
reducing reflectivity, having the form of stripes
NOTE Black stripe is a specific type of black matrix contrast enhancement.
3.29
black uniformity, sampled
uniformity of the black level luminance expressed in terms of the percentage non-uniformity
(difference in luminance between measuring points divided by the average black level
luminance) at the specified measuring points
3.30
BRCR-#/#
NOTE See bright room contrast ratio #/#.
3.31
breakdown voltage
smallest voltage between the cathode and the anode causing a gas discharge to grow to a
breakdown condition
3.32
bright defect
defect in the image reproduction that appears brighter than the correct image
3.33
bright room contrast ratio #/#
BRCR-#/#
contrast ratio with ambient illumination on the screen other than the nominal 100/70 levels
NOTE The symbol #/# describes the ambient illumination on the vertical plane/horizontal plane (see 6.1 of
IEC 61988-2-2).
3.34
bright room contrast ratio 100/70
BRCR-100/70
contrast ratio with an ambient illumination on the screen of 100 lx on the vertical plane and
70 lx on the horizontal plane
NOTE See 6.1 of IEC 61988-2-2.
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61988-1 © IEC:2003 – 17 –
3.35
brightness
visual and subjective quality of how bright an object appears, or how much visible light is
coming off the object being perceived by the eye
NOTE See luminance.
3.36
bulk erase
operation of applying a voltage pulse to the panel that switches all of the cells in the panel to
the off-state
3.37
bulk write
operation of applying a voltage pulse to the panel that switches all of the cells in the panel to
the on-state
3.38
burn-in
process of increasing the reliability performance of hardware employing functional operation
of every item in a prescribed environment with successive corrective maintenance at every
failure during the early failure period
3.39
bus electrode
high conductivity electrode intimately connected along its length to the transparent electrode
in order to reduce total resistance
3.40
cathode
negatively charged surface of a device that emits secondary electrons to the discharge
NOTE In an AC PDP, the cathode and anode exchange their roles on alternate half-cycles.
3.41
cell
physical structure of a subpixel or a subpixel itself (adjective – referring to the characteristics
of a single cell)
3.42
cell pitch
subpixel pitch
3.43
cell voltage
Vc
time-dependent voltage across the gas in a plasma display cell
3.44
centre firing voltage
average of the first-on voltage and the last-on voltage
3.45
centre minimum sustain voltage
average of the first-off voltage and the last-off voltage
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61988-1 © IEC:2003 – 19 –
3.46
chromatic uniformity
uniformity of the chromaticity produced by different areas of the PDP
NOTE Usually expressed in the inverse sense of the nonuniformity, as ∆x and ∆y or the difference between the
i i,
chromaticity at the specified measuring points and the chromaticity at the centre of the display screen. See
luminance uniformity and 6.4 of IEC 61988-2-1.
3.47
column electrode
address electrode
NOTE The column electrode was historically continuous in the vertical direction. When the panel is oriented in
portrait orientation, the column electrode can be aligned horizontally. See row electrode.
3.48
contrast ratio
ratio of white luminance to black luminance of the image, including light reflected from the
display
NOTE This ratio is strongly dependent on the ambient light and two forms are reported, bright room contrast ratio
(BRCR) and dark room contrast ratio (DRCR). See 6.3 and 6.1 of IEC 61988-2-1.
3.49
contrast ratio, sampled
CR
ratio of a white luminance to a black luminance at the specified measuring points
NOTE See 6.3 of IEC 61988-2-1, and 6.3 and 6.1 of IEC 61988-2-2.
3.50
coplanar PDP
NOTE See surface discharge PDP.
3.51
crosstalk
phenomenon initiated by a discharge in one cell that causes an unwanted discharge in
a neighbouring cell
3.52
dark defect
defect in the image reproduction that appears less bright than the correct image
3.53
dark room contrast ratio
DRCR
contrast ratio measured in a dark room ambient, typically less than 1 lx
NOTE See 6.3 of IEC 61988-2-1.
3.54
data bias
NOTE See address bias.
3.55
data electrode
NOTE See address electrode.
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61988-1 © IEC:2003 – 21 –
3.56
data pulse
NOTE See address pulse.
3.57
data voltage
NOTE See address voltage.
3.58
DC PDP
NOTE See DC plasma display panel.
3.59
DC plasma display panel
DC PDP
plasma display panel in which the conductive electrodes are directly in contact with the gas
discharge
3.60
dielectric layer
layer or layers of non-conductive material that cover the electrodes, on which charges are
accumulated from the discharge
NOTE The accumulated charge allows the memory function in AC PDPs.
3.61
dielectric voltage
Vd
voltage across a dielectric layer due to the wall charge that usually varies with time
Vd = Qw/Cd
where Qw is the wall charge and Cd is the effective dielectric layer capacitance
NOTE Charges other than wall charges may also appear on the dielectric surfaces, so that the total voltage
across a dielectric can be greater than its dielectric voltage.
3.62
diffuse reflection
reflection of incident light back in all directions
3.63
discharge current
component of current of a gas discharge resulting from the flow of electrons and ions in the
gas
3.64
displacement current
current flowing through the capacitance of a plasma display panel resulting from the changing
voltage applied to the electrodes
NOTE Does not include the discharge current.
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61988-1 © IEC:2003 – 23 –
3.65
display anode
anode electrode of a DC PDP that is driven with positive DC voltage for the display discharge
3.66
display diagonal
diagonal dimension of the addressable screen area
3.67
display electrode
scan and/or sustain electrodes in a three-electrode type PDP that provide the principal power
for the plasma discharge
3.68
driving waveform
time-dependent voltage of a driving signal
3.69
drying process
manufacturing process that removes water and other volatile materials from the PDP sub-
assemblies
NOTE This often involves heating in an oven.
3.70
dynamic false contour
phenomenon wherein moving images create false contours
3.71
dynamic margin
margin that remains when addressing is active
NOTE This term can be applied to various margins such as sustain margin or write margin, etc.
3.72
dynamic sustain range
sustain voltage range that allows proper addressing of all pixels over the entire range of write
voltage
3.73
efficacy
NOTE See luminous efficacy.
3.74
energy recovery circuit
circuitry that recaptures the reactive power of the plasma display panel capacitance by means
of an inductance
3.75
erase
change the state of a subpixel from on to off
3.76
erase pulse
voltage waveform applied to an electrode pair to selectively change the state of a subpixel
from on to off
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61988-1 © IEC:2003 – 25 –
3.77
erase voltage
Ver
voltage amplitude of the erase pulse
3.78
evacuating
manufacturing process of removing the atmospheric gases by a vacuum process
3.79
exhaust tube
exhaust tubulation
exhaust pipe
tubular port in the device envelope that is connected to an external vacuum pump to evacuate
the air from the device during processing
NOTE This is typically a glass tube that can be closed after filling with the appropriate gas by melting.
3.80
field
time interval during which a subset of all of the pixels is addressed and sustained at the full
range of grey levels
NOTE See subfield.
EXAMPLE In the case of an interlaced display, half of the pixels are addressed during the odd field and the other
half are addressed during the even field.
3.81
filling
process of filling the panel with gas after evacuating all of the air
3.82
firing
high temperature manufacturing process where various materials mixed with glass frit are
heated to make electrodes, barrier ribs or dielectric layers, etc.
NOTE The heating is used to sinter the glass frit.
3.83
firing voltage
Vf
smallest sustain voltage at which a sustain discharge sequence spontaneously starts in a cell
NOTE Not to be confused with the breakdown voltage. Typically, cells have slightly different firing voltages.
3.84
firing voltage range
∆∆Vf
∆∆
range of sustain voltages between the first-on voltage and the last-on voltage or the
difference in voltage between the two
3.85
first-off
cell which turns off at the largest sustain voltage as the sustain voltage is decreased
NOTE Defective cells are ignored.
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61988-1 © IEC:2003 – 27 –
3.86
first-off voltage
Vsm
n
sustain voltage for first-off
3.87
first-on
cell which turns on at the smallest sustain voltage as the sustain voltage is increased
NOTE Defective cells are ignored.
3.88
first-on voltage
Vf
1
minimum firing voltage
sustain voltage for first-on
3.89
frame
period during which all of the pixels in the panel are addressed
3.90
front plate
transparent plate facing the viewer
3.91
full-colour display
display with the capability to produce at least 0,25 million different colours
3.92
gap
distance in the gas between the anode and the cathode
NOTE The relevant gaps within the PDP are the sustain gap, the plate gap and the interpixel gap.
3.93
gas
normally neutral, but ionizable atmosphere, that fills the PDP
NOTE It is typically a mixture of various inert gaseous elements, such as xenon, neon and helium.
3.94
gas discharge
phenomenon in a gas accompanied with light emission and significant current flow
3.95
gas mixture
composition of the gas inside the PDP
NOTE This is typically expressed as the partial pressure percentages of the constituent gasses.
3.96
half-select
applied drive level to non-selected cells that lie along the address or scan electrodes
performing an addressing (write or erase) operation
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61988-1 © IEC:2003 – 29 –
3.97
high strain point glass
13,5
glass that has a strain point (the temperature at which the viscosity is 10 Pa-s) that is
relatively high, and shows little compaction or deformation at temperatures of the thermal
processes
3.98
image retention
continued presence of a weak image (or its inverse) after a bright image is removed
NOTE It disappears after a few minutes operation.
3.99
image shadowing
reduction in luminance of the white surround of a black object, extending horizontally or
vertically from the black object
3.100
image smear
noticeable tail on a moving object caused by a slow decay of light emission from the phosphor
NOTE May be a different colour than that of the moving object when the decay times of the various phosphors
are different.
3.101
image sticking
general term that refers to a burned-in image, a ghost image or an image that decays slowly
over time
...
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