SIST EN 61988-1:2011
(Main)Plasma Display Panels - Part 1: Terminology and letter symbols
Plasma Display Panels - Part 1: Terminology and letter symbols
This part of IEC 61988 gives the preferred terms, their definitions and symbols for colour
AC plasma display panels (AC PDP); with the object of using the same terminology when
publications are prepared in different countries. Guidance on the technology is provided
in the annexes.
Plasmabildschirme - Teil 1: Terminologie und Buchstabensymbole
Panneaux d'affichage à plasma - Partie 1: Terminologie et symboles littéraux
La CEI 61988-1:2011 donne les termes à utiliser, de préférence, leurs définitions et leurs symboles pour les panneaux d'affichage couleur à plasma à tension alternative (AC Plasma Display Panels ou AC PDP); le but recherché est d'encourager l'utilisation de ces mêmes termes lorsque des publications sont préparées dans différents pays. Des lignes directrices concernant la technologie sont données dans les annexes. Cette deuxième édition annule et remplace la première édition parue en 2003. Elle constitue une révision technique. Les principales modifications techniques par rapport à l'édition précédente sont les suivantes: Des termes supplémentaires ont été ajoutés à l'Article 3.
Prikazovalniki s plazmo - 1. del: Izrazje in črkovni simboli
Ta del IEC 61988 podaja prednostne izraze, njihove definicije in simbole za barvne AC-prikazovalnike s plazmo (AC PDP); njihov cilj je uporaba iste terminologije, ko se publikacije pripravljajo v različnih državah. Vodilo o tehnologiji navajajo dodatki.
General Information
Relations
Standards Content (Sample)
SLOVENSKI STANDARD
SIST EN 61988-1:2011
01-december-2011
3ULND]RYDOQLNLVSOD]PRGHO ,]UD]MHLQþUNRYQLVLPEROL
Plasma Display Panels - Part 1: Terminology and letter symbols
Plasmabildschirme - Teil 1: Terminologie und Buchstabensymbole
Panneaux d'affichage à plasma - Partie 1: Terminologie et symboles littéraux
Ta slovenski standard je istoveten z: EN 61988-1:2011
ICS:
01.040.31 Elektronika (Slovarji) Electronics (Vocabularies)
31.120 Elektronske prikazovalne Electronic display devices
naprave
SIST EN 61988-1:2011 en
2003-01.Slovenski inštitut za standardizacijo. Razmnoževanje celote ali delov tega standarda ni dovoljeno.
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SIST EN 61988-1:2011
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SIST EN 61988-1:2011
EUROPEAN STANDARD
EN 61988-1
NORME EUROPÉENNE
September 2011
EUROPÄISCHE NORM
ICS 31.260 Supersedes EN 61988-1:2003
English version
Plasma display panels -
Part 1: Terminology and letter symbols
(IEC 61988-1:2011)
Panneaux d'affichage à plasma - Plasmabildschirme -
Partie 1: Terminologie et symboles Teil 1: Terminologie und
littéraux Buchstabensymbole
(CEI 61988-1:2011) (IEC 61988-1:2011)
This European Standard was approved by CENELEC on 2011-08-30. CENELEC members are bound to comply
with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this European Standard
the status of a national standard without any alteration.
Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references concerning such national standards may be obtained on
application to the Central Secretariat or to any CENELEC member.
This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other
language made by translation under the responsibility of a CENELEC member into its own language and notified
to the Central Secretariat has the same status as the official versions.
CENELEC members are the national electrotechnical committees of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus,
the Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy,
Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, the Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia,
Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and the United Kingdom.
CENELEC
European Committee for Electrotechnical Standardization
Comité Européen de Normalisation Electrotechnique
Europäisches Komitee für Elektrotechnische Normung
Management Centre: Avenue Marnix 17, B - 1000 Brussels
© 2011 CENELEC - All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved worldwide for CENELEC members.
Ref. No. EN 61988-1:2011 E
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SIST EN 61988-1:2011
EN 61988-1:2011 - 2 -
Foreword
The text of document 110/236/CDV, future edition 2 of IEC 61988-1, prepared by IEC/TC 110, Flat panel
display devices, was submitted to the IEC-CENELEC parallel vote and approved by CENELEC as
EN 61988-1:2011.
This document supersedes EN 61988-1:2003.
EN 61988-1:2011 includes the following significant technical changes with respect to EN 61988-1:2003:
– Additional terms were added in Clause 3.
The following dates are fixed:
– latest date by which the document has to be implemented at (dop) 2012-05-30
national level by publication of an identical national
standard or by endorsement
– latest date by which the national standards conflicting with the (dow) 2014-08-30
document have to be withdrawn
Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of
patent rights. CENELEC [and/or CEN] shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent
rights.
__________
Endorsement notice
The text of the International Standard IEC 61988-1:2011 was approved by CENELEC as a European
Standard without any modification.
__________
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SIST EN 61988-1:2011
- 3 - EN 61988-1:2011
Annex ZA
(normative)
Normative references to international publications
with their corresponding European publications
The following referenced documents are indispensable for the application of this document. For dated
references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced
document (including any amendments) applies.
NOTE When an international publication has been modified by common modifications, indicated by (mod), the relevant EN/HD
applies.
Publication Year Title EN/HD Year
1) 1)
IEC 61988-2-1 201X Plasma display panels - EN 61988-2-1 201X
Part 2-1: Measuring methods - Optical and
optoelectrical
1)
At draft stage.
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SIST EN 61988-1:2011
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SIST EN 61988-1:2011
IEC 61988-1
®
Edition 2.0 2011-07
INTERNATIONAL
STANDARD
NORME
INTERNATIONALE
Plasma display panels –
Part 1: Terminology and letter symbols
Panneaux d'affichage à plasma –
Partie 1: Terminologie et symboles littéraux
INTERNATIONAL
ELECTROTECHNICAL
COMMISSION
COMMISSION
ELECTROTECHNIQUE
PRICE CODE
INTERNATIONALE
CODE PRIX XA
ICS 31.260 ISBN 978-2-88912-591-3
® Registered trademark of the International Electrotechnical Commission
Marque déposée de la Commission Electrotechnique Internationale
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SIST EN 61988-1:2011
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CONTENTS
FOREWORD . 3
1 Scope . 5
2 Normative references . 5
3 Terms and definitions . 5
4 Symbols . 31
4.1 General . 31
4.2 Symbol list by term name . 31
4.3 Symbol list by symbol . 33
Annex A (informative) Description of the technology . 35
Annex B (informative) Relationship between voltage terms and discharge
characteristics . 46
Annex C (informative) Gaps . 47
Annex D (informative) Manufacturing . 48
Annex E (informative) Interconnect pad . 51
Bibliography . 52
Figure A.1 – Principal structures and discharge characteristics of a DC PDP cell and
an AC PDP cell . 35
Figure A.2 – Discharge characteristics of a cell (single cell static characteristics) . 37
Figure A.3 – Static characteristics of cells in a panel or a group of cells . 38
Figure A.4 – Write waveform components . 39
Figure A.5 – Operation of a two-electrode type AC PDP . 40
Figure A.6 – Relation between margins and applied voltages . 41
Figure A.7 – Structure of a three-electrode type, surface discharge colour AC PDP . 42
Figure A.8 – Address-, display-period separation method . 43
Figure A.9 – A driving waveform for ADS method applied to a three-electrode . 44
Figure A.10 – Address while display method . 45
Figure C.1 – Gaps (sustain gap, plate gap and interpixel gap) in a three-electrode type
AC PDP . 47
Figure D.1 – PDP manufacturing flow chart . 49
Figure E.1 – Interconnect pad group . 51
Figure E.2 – Dimensions of interconnect pads . 51
Table B.1 – Relation between static, dynamic and operating discharge characteristics
in a cell, a panel or a group of cells . 46
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61988-1 IEC:2011 – 3 –
INTERNATIONAL ELECTROTECHNICAL COMMISSION
_____________
PLASMA DISPLAY PANELS –
Part 1: Terminology and letter symbols
FOREWORD
1) The International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) is a worldwide organization for standardization comprising
all national electrotechnical committees (IEC National Committees). The object of IEC is to promote
international co-operation on all questions concerning standardization in the electrical and electronic fields. To
this end and in addition to other activities, IEC publishes International Standards, Technical Specifications,
Technical Reports, Publicly Available Specifications (PAS) and Guides (hereafter referred to as “IEC
Publication(s)”). Their preparation is entrusted to technical committees; any IEC National Committee interested
in the subject dealt with may participate in this preparatory work. International, governmental and non-
governmental organizations liaising with the IEC also participate in this preparation. IEC collaborates closely
with the International Organization for Standardization (ISO) in accordance with conditions determined by
agreement between the two organizations.
2) The formal decisions or agreements of IEC on technical matters express, as nearly as possible, an international
consensus of opinion on the relevant subjects since each technical committee has representation from all
interested IEC National Committees.
3) IEC Publications have the form of recommendations for international use and are accepted by IEC National
Committees in that sense. While all reasonable efforts are made to ensure that the technical content of IEC
Publications is accurate, IEC cannot be held responsible for the way in which they are used or for any
misinterpretation by any end user.
4) In order to promote international uniformity, IEC National Committees undertake to apply IEC Publications
transparently to the maximum extent possible in their national and regional publications. Any divergence
between any IEC Publication and the corresponding national or regional publication shall be clearly indicated in
the latter.
5) IEC itself does not provide any attestation of conformity. Independent certification bodies provide conformity
assessment services and, in some areas, access to IEC marks of conformity. IEC is not responsible for any
services carried out by independent certification bodies.
6) All users should ensure that they have the latest edition of this publication.
7) No liability shall attach to IEC or its directors, employees, servants or agents including individual experts and
members of its technical committees and IEC National Committees for any personal injury, property damage or
other damage of any nature whatsoever, whether direct or indirect, or for costs (including legal fees) and
expenses arising out of the publication, use of, or reliance upon, this IEC Publication or any other IEC
Publications.
8) Attention is drawn to the Normative references cited in this publication. Use of the referenced publications is
indispensable for the correct application of this publication.
9) Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this IEC Publication may be the subject of
patent rights. IEC shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights.
International Standard IEC 61988-1 has been prepared by IEC technical committee 110: Flat
panel display devices.
This second edition cancels and replaces the first edition published in 2003, and constitutes a
technical revision. The main technical changes with regard to the previous edition are as
follows:
– Additional terms were added in Clause 3.
The text of this standard is based on the following documents:
CDV Report on voting
110/236/CDV 110/286/RVC
Full information on the voting for the approval on this standard can be found in the report on
voting indicated in the above table.
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This publication has been drafted in accordance with the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2.
A list of all the parts in the IEC 61988 series, under the general title Plasma display panels,
can be found on the IEC website.
The committee has decided that the contents of this publication will remain unchanged until
the stability date indicated on the IEC web site under "http://webstore.iec.ch" in the data
related to the specific publication. At this date, the publication will be
• reconfirmed,
• withdrawn,
• replaced by a revised edition, or
• amended.
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61988-1 IEC:2011 – 5 –
PLASMA DISPLAY PANELS –
Part 1: Terminology and letter symbols
1 Scope
This part of IEC 61988 gives the preferred terms, their definitions and symbols for colour
AC plasma display panels (AC PDP); with the object of using the same terminology when
publications are prepared in different countries. Guidance on the technology is provided
in the annexes.
2 Normative references
The following referenced documents are indispensable for the application of this document.
For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition
of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies.
IEC 61988-2-1:–, Plasma display panels – Part 2-1: Measuring methods – Optical and
1
optoelectrical
3 Terms and definitions
For the purposes of this document, the following terms and definitions apply.
3.1
AC PDP
NOTE See AC plasma display panel.
3.2
AC plasma display panel
AC PDP
plasma display panel in which the gas discharge region is insulated from the electrodes that
are driven with AC voltage pulses
3.3
address bias
Vba
data bias
common voltage applied to all address electrodes during addressing
3.4
address cycle period
time interval between initiation of the closest spaced successive address pulses
3.5
address discharge
discharge that changes the state of a PDP subpixel
———————
1
Second edition, to be published.
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3.6
address electrode
data electrode
electrode, orthogonal to the scan electrode, that is used in driving the subpixels with
the image data
3.7
address period
time interval including the reset step and the address step
3.8
address pulse
data pulse
incremental voltage pulse applied to a single address (data) electrode for addressing,
to select a subpixel according to an image to be displayed
NOTE See scan pulse.
3.9
address step
time interval needed to address all pixels in the panel in a given subfield as applied to the
ADS method
3.10
address voltage
Va
data voltage
amplitude of the voltage pulses applied to the address (data) electrode during addressing
(excludes the address bias on the electrode)
3.11
address while display method
AWD method
grey scale drive technique that addresses only a portion of the pixels of the panel in any time
within a sustain period
NOTE See also ADS.
3.12
addressability
number of pixels in the horizontal and vertical directions, that can have their luminance
changed
NOTE Usually expressed as the number of horizontal pixels by the number of vertical pixels. This term is not
synonymous with resolution. See resolution.
3.13
addressing
setting or changing the state of a subpixel with an address pulse
3.14
ADS method
address, display-period separation method
grey scale drive technique that consists of addressing all the pixels in the panel in one time
period and sustaining all the pixels in the panel in a separate time period
3.15
ageing
manufacturing process consisting of operating the panel under conditions that stabilize its
performance
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3.16
annealing
process of heating the glass above its annealing point and cooling at a controlled rate
to minimize dimensional changes during subsequent high temperature cycles
3.17
anode
positively charged surface of a device that collects electrons from the discharge
NOTE In an AC PDP, the cathode and anode exchange their roles on alternate half-cycles.
3.18
APL
average picture level
time average of a video signal during the active scanning time integrated over a frame period,
which is expressed as a percentage of the full white signal level while designating 0 % as the
black signal level
NOTE There are two types of APL. See pre-gamma APL and post-gamma APL.
3.19
aspect ratio
ratio of screen width to screen height
3.20
auto power control
APC
circuit means to control the peak and/or average power of the display
3.21
auxiliary anode
anode in a DC PDP whose discharge contributes to supply priming particles to ignite a
discharge in a cell
3.22
back plate
rear plate
plate furthest from the viewer
3.23
back-filling
NOTE See filling.
3.24
bake
NOTE See bakeout and baking.
3.25
bakeout
high temperature processing of a vacuum system and/or PDP to assist in achieving low
pressures
3.26
baking
high temperature process used to evaporate water and decompose organic materials
NOTE Baking is used to clean the parts by dispersing unwanted material into the atmosphere.
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3.27
barrier rib
rib that separates the cells of the panel, electrically, optically and physically
NOTE The barrier ribs may extend from the front plate to the back plate and control the spacing between
the plates.
3.28
binder burnout
process during which organic binders are remove by decomposition and/or oxidation
3.29
black level luminance
luminance of the panel in its minimum luminance state in a dark ambient
NOTE See 6.3.3.3 of IEC 61988-2-1:– (Ed. 2).
3.30
black matrix
black material placed in the space between subpixel areas in order to improve contrast by
reducing reflectivity
3.31
black stripe
black material placed in the space between subpixel areas in order to improve contrast by
reducing reflectivity, having the form of stripes
NOTE Black stripe is a specific type of black matrix contrast enhancement.
3.32
black uniformity, sampled
uniformity of the black level luminance expressed in terms of the percentage non-uniformity
(difference in luminance between measuring points divided by the average black level
luminance) at the specified measuring points
3.33
BRCR-#/#
NOTE See bright room contrast ratio #/#.
3.34
breakdown voltage
smallest voltage between the cathode and the anode causing a gas discharge to grow to a
breakdown condition
3.35
bright defect
defect in the image reproduction that appears brighter than the correct image
3.36
bright room contrast ratio #/#
BRCR-#/#
contrast ratio with ambient illumination on the screen other than the nominal 100/70 levels
NOTE The symbol #/# describes the ambient illumination on the vertical plane/horizontal plane (see 6.4 of
IEC 61988-2-1:– (Ed. 2)).
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3.37
bright room contrast ratio 100/70
BRCR-100/70
contrast ratio with an ambient illumination on the screen of 100 lx on the vertical plane and
70 lx on the horizontal plane
NOTE See 6.4 of IEC 61988-2-1:– (Ed. 2).
3.38
brightness
visual and subjective quality of how bright an object appears, or how much visible light is
coming off the object being perceived by the eye
NOTE See luminance.
3.39
bulk erase
NOTE See full-screen erase.
3.40
bulk write
NOTE See full-screen write.
3.41
burn-in
process of increasing the reliability performance of hardware employing functional operation
of every item in a prescribed environment with successive corrective maintenance at every
failure during the early failure period
3.42
bus electrode
high conductivity electrode intimately connected along its length to the transparent electrode
in order to reduce total resistance
3.43
cathode
negatively charged surface of a device that emits secondary electrons to the discharge
NOTE In an AC PDP, the cathode and anode exchange their roles on alternate half-cycles.
3.44
cell
physical structure of a subpixel or a subpixel itself (adjective – referring to the characteristics
of a single cell)
3.45
cell defect
cell showing a dark defect or a bright defect, or an unstable cell
3.46
cell pitch
subpixel pitch
3.47
cell voltage
Vc
time-dependent voltage across the gas in a plasma display cell
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3.48
centre firing voltage
average of the first-on voltage and the last-on voltage
3.49
centre minimum sustain voltage
average of the first-off voltage and the last-off voltage
3.50
chromatic uniformity
uniformity of the chromaticity produced by different areas of the screen
3.51
closed rib
rib structure which has walls on all sides of the cell
NOTE Examples are box type, mesh type, waffle type, hexagonal type, honeycomb type, etc. It is permissible to
have different rib heights on each side.
3.52
column electrode
address electrode
NOTE The column electrode was historically continuous in the vertical direction. When the panel is oriented in
portrait orientation, the column electrode can be aligned horizontally. See row electrode.
3.53
contrast ratio
ratio of white luminance to black luminance of the image, including light reflected from the
display
NOTE This ratio is strongly dependent on the ambient light and two forms are reported, bright room contrast ratio
(BRCR) and dark room contrast ratio (DRCR). See 6.3 and 6.4 of IEC 61988-2-1:–, Ed. 2.
3.54
contrast ratio, sampled
CR
ratio of a white luminance to a black luminance at the specified measuring points
NOTE See 6.3 and 6.4 of IEC 61988-2-1:– (Ed. 2).
3.55
coplanar PDP
NOTE See surface discharge PDP.
3.56
crosstalk
phenomenon initiated by a discharge in one cell that causes an unwanted discharge in
a neighbouring cell
3.57
dark defect
defect in the image reproduction that appears less bright than the correct image
3.58
dark room contrast ratio
DRCR
contrast ratio measured in a dark room ambient, typically less than 1 lx
NOTE See 6.3 of IEC 61988-2-1:– (Ed. 2).
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3.59
data bias
NOTE See address bias.
3.60
data electrode
NOTE See address electrode.
3.61
data pulse
NOTE See address pulse.
3.62
data voltage
NOTE See address voltage.
3.63
DC PDP
NOTE See DC plasma display panel.
3.64
DC plasma display panel
DC PDP
plasma display panel in which the conductive electrodes are directly in contact with the gas
discharge
3.65
dielectric layer
layer or layers of non-conductive material that cover the electrodes, on which charges are
accumulated from the discharge
NOTE The accumulated charge allows the memory function in AC PDPs.
3.66
dielectric voltage
Vd
voltage across a dielectric layer due to the wall charge that usually varies with time
Vd = Qw/Cd
where Qw is the wall charge and Cd is the effective dielectric layer capacitance
NOTE Charges other than wall charges may also appear on the dielectric surfaces, so that the total voltage
across a dielectric can be greater than its dielectric voltage.
3.67
diffuse reflection
diffusion by reflection in which, on the macroscopic scale, there is no regular reflection
3.68
direct laminated filter
front optical filter attached directly to the front of the panel
3.69
discharge current
component of current of a gas discharge resulting from the flow of electrons and ions in the
gas
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3.70
discharge delay time
formative delay plus statistical delay
NOTE When applying the addressing waveform, the peak of the discharge in an AC PDP generally occurs after
the statistical delay plus the formative delay.
3.71
displacement current
current flowing through the capacitance of a plasma display panel resulting from the changing
voltage applied to the electrodes
NOTE Does not include the discharge current.
3.72
display anode
anode electrode of a DC PDP that is driven with positive DC voltage for the display discharge
3.73
display diagonal
screen diagonal
diagonal dimension of the addressable screen area
3.74
display electrode
scan and/or sustain electrodes in a three-electrode type PDP that provide the principal power
for the plasma discharge
3.75
display period
time interval of a subfield other than the address period where all of the sustain pulses in a
given subfield are applied to the panel
NOTE This term is only used for the ADS method.
3.76
driving waveform
time-dependent voltage of a driving signal
3.77
drying process
manufacturing process that removes water and other volatile materials from the PDP sub-
assemblies
NOTE This often involves heating in an oven.
3.78
dynamic false contour
phenomenon wherein moving images create false contours
3.79
dynamic margin
margin that remains when addressing is active
NOTE This term can be applied to various margins such as sustain margin or write margin, etc.
3.80
dynamic sustain range
sustain voltage range that allows proper addressing of all pixels over the entire range of write
voltage
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3.81
efficacy
NOTE See luminous efficacy.
3.82
energy recovery circuit
circuitry that recaptures the reactive power of the plasma display panel capacitance by means
of an inductance
3.83
erase
operation that generates a discharge, generally between the address and scan electrodes, to
set subpixels to an off state
3.84
erase margin
ΔVer
erase voltage range that allows proper addressing of all pixels at the specified operating
conditions
3.85
erase pulse
voltage waveform applied to an electrode pair to selectively change the state of a subpixel
from on to off
3.86
erase voltage
Ver
voltage of the erase waveform applied between the electrode pair that receives the erase
pulse
3.87
erase waveform
time-dependent voltage signal applied to an electrode pair to selectively change the state of a
subpixel from on to off
NOTE The erase wave form includes the address bias, the scan bias, the address pulse and the scan pulse.
3.88
evacuating
manufacturing process of removing the atmospheric gases by a vacuum process
3.89
exhaust tube
exhaust tubulation
exhaust pipe
tubular port in the device envelope that is connected to an external vacuum pump to evacuate
the air from the device during processing
NOTE This is typically a glass tube that can be closed after filling with the appropriate gas by melting.
3.90
exoemission
delayed spontaneous emission of electrons from the cathode due to earlier excitation by the
gas discharge particles such as electrons, ions and ultraviolet photons
NOTE Exoemission from the cathode surface such as MgO typically decays slowly after the excitation event and
can continue at low current levels for times as long as seconds, minutes or even hours. The exoemission current
also usually depends on the temperature of the cathode and the amount of initial gas discharge excitation.
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Exoemission is very important for priming addressing discharges and it frequently has a major impact on the
maximum reliable addressing rate.
3.91
field
time interval during which a subset of all of the pixels is addressed and sustained at the full
range of grey levels
NOTE See subfield.
EXAMPLE: In the case of an interlaced display, half of the pixels are addressed during the odd field and the other
half are addressed during the even field.
3.92
filling
process of filli
...
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