SIST EN 1492-1:2001+A1:2009
(Main)Textile slings - Safety - Part 1: Flat woven webbing slings made of man-made fibres for general purpose use
Textile slings - Safety - Part 1: Flat woven webbing slings made of man-made fibres for general purpose use
This European Standard specifies the requirements related to safety, including methods of rating and testing single-, two-, three-, four-leg and endless sewn flat woven webbing slings, with or without fittings, made of polyamide, polyester and polypropylene man-made fibre webbing in the width range of 25 mm to 450 mm inclusive.
The flat woven webbing slings covered by this Part of EN 1492 are intended for general purpose lifting operations, i.e. when used for lifting objects, materials or goods which require no deviations from the requirements, safety factors or working load limits specified. Lifting operations not covered by this standard would include the lifting of persons, potentially dangerous materials such as molten metal and acids, glass sheets, fissile materials, nuclear reactors and where special conditions apply.
Flat woven webbing slings conforming to this European Standard are suitable for use and storage in the following temperature ranges:
a) polyester and polyamide -40 °C to 100 °C,
b) polypropylene -40 °C to 80 °C
This European Standard does not apply to the types of webbing sling indicated below:
a) slings such as bag slings, nets (consisting of several crossed webbings stitched together), ‘adjustable’ slings (containing, for example, intermediate buckles stitched along the webbing), etc.;
b) slings made from webbing woven from monofilament yarns;
c) slings designed for pre-slinging and intended not to be re-used;
This European Standard deals with the technical requirements to minimize the hazards listed in clause 4 which can arise during the use of flat woven webbing slings when carried out in accordance with the instructions and specifications given by the manufacturer or authorized representative.
Textile Anschlagmittel - Sicherheit - Teil 1: Flachgewebte Hebebänder aus Chemiefasern für allgemeine Verwendungszwecke
Diese Europäische Norm legt Anforderungen an die Sicherheit sowie Verfahren zur Bewertung und Prüfung von ein-, zwei-, drei-, viersträngigen Hebebändern sowie von flachgewebten Endloshebebändern, mit oder ohne Beschlagteilen, aus Polyamid-, Polyester- und Polypropylen-Gurtbandgewebe, im Breitenbereich von 25 mm bis ein¬schließlich 450 mm fest.
Die in diesem Teil von EN 1492 erfassten flachgewebten Hebebänder aus Gurtbandgewebe sind für allgemeine Hebevorgänge vorgesehen, d. h. für Anwendungen zum Anheben von Gegenständen, Materialien oder Fracht¬gütern, die keine Abweichungen von den festgelegten Anforderungen, Sicherheitsfaktoren oder Tragfähigkeiten erfordern. In dieser Norm nicht festgelegt werden das Anheben von Personen, von möglicherweise gefährlichen Materialien, z. B. geschmolzenem Metall und Säuren, Glasplatten, spaltbaren Materialien, Teilen von Kernreaktoren und alle Hebevorgänge, für die Sonderbedingungen gelten.
Flachgewebte Hebebänder aus Gurtbandgewebe, die dieser Europäischen Norm entsprechen, sind für eine Benutzung und Lagerung bei Temperaturen in folgenden Bereichen geeignet:
a) Polyester und Polyamid: -40 °C bis 100 °C;
b) Polypropylen: -40 °C bis 80 °C.
Diese Europäische Norm gilt nicht für die nachfolgend angegebenen Gurt-Hebebandtypen:
a) Hebebänder wie z. B. Sackgutbrooken, Netze (bestehend aus mehreren verkreuzten und miteinander vernähten Gurtbändern), 'verstellbare' Hebebänder (die z. B. Zwischenschnallen haben, die am Gurtband aufgenäht sind) usw.;
b) Hebebänder aus Gurtbandgewebe, die aus Monofilamentgarnen gewebt sind;
c) Einweg-Hebebänder für den Schnürgang, die nicht für eine Wiederverwendung vorgesehen sind.
[...]
Elingues textiles - Sécurité - Partie 1: Elingues plates en sangles tissées en textiles chimiques d'usage courant
La présente norme spécifie les exigences relatives à la sécurité, y compris les méthodes de classification et d’essais,
d’élingues plates en sangles tissées cousues à un, deux, trois ou quatre brins ou sans fin, avec ou sans accessoires,
réalisées avec des sangles en polyamide, polyester et polypropylène, dans la plage de largeur de 25 mm
à 450 mm inclus.
Les élingues plates en sangles tissées, couvertes par la présente partie de l’EN 1492, sont prévues pour des
applications de levage générales, c’est-à-dire le levage d’objets, de matériels ou de marchandises qui ne nécessitent
aucun écart par rapport aux exigences, coefficients de sécurité ou charge maximale d’utilisation spécifiés.
Les opérations de levage non couvertes par la présente norme sont le levage de personnes, de matériaux
potentiellement dangereux tels que le métal fondu, les acides, les vitres, les matériaux fissiles, les réacteurs
nucléaires ou lorsque des conditions spéciales s’appliquent.
Les élingues plates en sangles tissées, conformes à la présente norme européenne, sont adaptées pour l’utilisation
et le stockage dans les plages de températures suivantes :
a) polyester et polyamide – 40 °C à 100 °C ;
b) polypropylène – 40 °C à 80 °C.
La présente norme ne s’applique pas aux types d’élingues en sangles suivantes :
a) élingues telles que les élingues bâches, les élingues filets (composées de sangles croisées cousues ensemble),
élingues «réglables» (comportant par exemple des boucles intermédiaires cousues le long de la sangle), etc. ;
b) élingues faites en sangles tissées en fils monofilaments ;
c) élingues utilisées pour le pré-élingage des charges et non réutilisables.
Tekstilne obese - Varnost - 1. del: Pletene ploščate obese iz umetnih vlaken za splošno uporabo
General Information
Relations
Standards Content (Sample)
2003-01.Slovenski inštitut za standardizacijo. Razmnoževanje celote ali delov tega standarda ni dovoljeno.Textile Anschlagmittel - Sicherheit - Teil 1: Flachgewebte Hebebänder aus Chemiefasern für allgemeine VerwendungszweckeElingues textiles - Sécurité - Partie 1: Elingues plates en sangles tissées en textiles chimiques d'usage courantTextile slings - Safety - Part 1: Flat woven webbing slings made of man-made fibres for general purpose use53.020.30Pribor za dvigalno opremoAccessories for lifting equipmentICS:Ta slovenski standard je istoveten z:EN 1492-1:2000+A1:2008SIST EN 1492-1:2001+A1:2009en,fr01-januar-2009SIST EN 1492-1:2001+A1:2009SLOVENSKI
STANDARD
SIST EN 1492-1:2001+A1:2009
EUROPEAN STANDARD NORME EUROPÉENNE EUROPÄISCHE NORM
EN 1492-1:2000+A1
November 2008 ICS 53.020.30 Supersedes EN 1492-1:2000 English Version
Textile slings - Safety - Part 1: Flat woven webbing slings made of man-made fibres for general purpose use
Elingues textiles - Sécurité - Partie 1: Elingues plates en sangles tissées en textiles chimiques d'usage courant
Textile Anschlagmittel - Sicherheit - Teil 1: Flachgewebte Hebebänder aus Chemiefasern für allgemeine Verwendungszwecke This European Standard was approved by CEN on 25 June 2000 and includes Corrigendum 1 issued by CEN on 7 June 2006 and Amendment 1 approved by CEN 11 September 2008.
CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this European Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references concerning such national standards may be obtained on application to the CEN Management Centre or to any CEN member.
This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by translation under the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the CEN Management Centre has the same status as the official versions.
CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and United Kingdom.
EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATION
COMITÉ EUROPÉEN DE NORMALISATION EUROPÄISCHES KOMITEE FÜR NORMUNG
Management Centre: rue de Stassart, 36
B-1050 Brussels © 2008 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved worldwide for CEN national Members. Ref. No. EN 1492-1:2000+A1:2008: ESIST EN 1492-1:2001+A1:2009
EN 1492-1:2000+A1:2008 (E) 2 Contents Page Foreword.4 Introduction.5 1 Scope.5 2 Normative references.6 3 Terms and definitions.6 4 Hazards.8 Table 1 — Hazards and associated requirements.8 5 Safety requirements.9 Figure 1 — Webbing width and thickness.10 Table 2 — Summary and type designation of main types of flat woven webbing slings.12 Figure 2 — Preferred soft eye types.13 Table 3 — Working load limits and colour codes.15 6 Verification of safety requirements.16 Table 4 — Maximum testing intervals.17 Table 5 — Maximum testing intervals.17 7 Marking.18 Figure 3 — Typical label format.19 Figure 4 — Typical attachment of label on an endless sling.20 Figure 5 — Typical attachment of label on a single sling.20 Figure 6 — Typical attachment of label on a sling with fittings.20 8 Manufacturer's certificate.21 9 Instructions for use.21 Annex A (normative)
Methods of test to verify safety requirements.22 Figure A.1 — Position of marking to divide sewn webbing component into four equal parts.22 Annex B (normative)
Information for use and maintenance to be provided by the manufacturer.25 Annex C (informative)
Guidance to the manufacturer for the conduct of type testing to verify the interaction of the sewn webbing component with fittings for sling type C/Cr in accordance with A.4.27 Annex D (informative)
Suggested content of information to be provided by the manufacturer with flat woven webbing slings.28 Figure D.1 — Illustration showing inadequate accommodation of a webbing eye on a hook of too small radius.30 Figure D.2 — Double choke hitch.32 Annex ZA (informative)
!!!!Relationship between this European Standard and the Essential Requirements of EU Directive 98/37/EC"""".34 SIST EN 1492-1:2001+A1:2009
EN 1492-1:2000+A1:2008 (E) 3 Annex ZB (informative)
!!!!Relationship between this European Standard and the Essential Requirements of EU Directive 2006/42/EC"""".35 Bibliography.36
SIST EN 1492-1:2001+A1:2009
EN 1492-1:2000+A1:2008 (E) 4
Foreword This document (EN 1492-1:2000+A1:2008) has been prepared by Technical Committee CEN/TC 168 “Chains, ropes, webbing, slings and accessories - Safety”, the secretariat of which is held by BSI. This European Standard shall be given the status of a national standard, either by publication of an identical text or by endorsement, at the latest by May 2009, and conflicting national standards shall be withdrawn at the latest by December 2009. This document supersedes EN 1492-1:2000. This document includes Amendment 1, approved by CEN on 2008-09-11 and Corrigendum 1 issued by CEN on 2006-06-07. The start and finish of text introduced or altered by amendment is indicated in the text by tags !". The modifications of the related CEN Corrigendum have been implemented at the appropriate places in the text and are indicated by the tags ˜ ™. This European Standard has been prepared under a mandate given to CEN by the European Commission and the European Free Trade Association, and supports essential requirements of EU Directive(s). !For relationship with EU Directive(s), see informative Annexes ZA and ZB, which are integral parts of this document." This European Standard is one of a series of standards related to safety for textile slings as listed below: Part 1: Specification for flat woven webbing slings, made of man-made fibres, for general purpose use Part 2: Specification for roundslings, made of man-made fibres, for general purpose use Part 4: Specification for lifting slings for general service made from natural and man-made fibre rope In this standard: Annex A is normative, and gives the test methods to be used to verify the safety requirements. Annex B is normative, and gives the requirements for information on use and maintenance to be provided by the manufacturer with flat woven webbing slings conforming to this European Standard. Annex C is informative, and gives guidance for the conduct of type tests in accordance with annex A. Annex D is informative, and provides some detailed information for use and maintenance which may be appropriate in compiling the information in accordance with annex B. !Annexes ZA and ZB are informative and give" the relationship with EU Directives. According to the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations, the national standards organizations of the following countries are bound to implement this European Standard: Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and United Kingdom. SIST EN 1492-1:2001+A1:2009
EN 1492-1:2000+A1:2008 (E) 5
Introduction This European Standard has been prepared to be a harmonized standard providing one means of complying with the essential safety requirements of the Machinery Directive and associated EFTA regulations. This European Standard is a type C standard as specified in EN 292. The lifting accessories concerned and the extent to which hazards are covered is indicated in the scope of this standard.
NOTE For hazards that are not covered by this standard, lifting accessories should be in accordance with EN 292. 1 Scope This European Standard specifies the requirements related to safety, including methods of rating and testing single-, two-, three-, four-leg and endless sewn flat woven webbing slings, with or without fittings,
made of polyamide, polyester and polypropylene man-made fibre webbing in the width range of 25 mm to 450 mm inclusive. The flat woven webbing slings covered by this Part of EN 1492 are intended for general purpose lifting operations, i.e. when used for lifting objects, materials or goods which require no deviations from the requirements, safety factors or working load limits specified. Lifting operations not covered by this standard would include the lifting of persons, potentially dangerous materials such as molten metal and acids, glass sheets, fissile materials, nuclear reactors and where special conditions apply.
Flat woven webbing slings conforming to this European Standard are suitable for use and storage in the following temperature ranges: a) polyester and polyamide -40°C to 100°C, b) polypropylene -40°C to 80°C This European Standard does not apply to the types of webbing sling indicated below: a) slings such as bag slings, nets (consisting of several crossed webbings stitched together), ‘adjustable’ slings (containing, for example, intermediate buckles stitched along the webbing), etc.; b) slings made from webbing woven from monofilament yarns; c) slings designed for pre-slinging and intended not to be re-used; This European Standard deals with the technical requirements to minimize the hazards listed in clause 4 which can arise during the use of flat woven webbing slings when carried out in accordance with the instructions and specifications given by the manufacturer or authorized representative. SIST EN 1492-1:2001+A1:2009
EN 1492-1:2000+A1:2008 (E) 6
2 Normative references This European Standard incorporates by dated or undated reference, provisions from other publications. These normative references are cited at the appropriate places in the text and the publications are listed hereafter. For dated references, subsequent amendments to or revisions of any of these publications apply to this European standard only when incorporated in it by amendment or revision. For undated references the latest edition of the publication referred to applies (including amendments). EN 292-2:1991/A1:1995, Safety of machinery - Basic concepts, general principles for design - Part 2: Technical principles and specifications EN 1050:1996, Safety of machinery - Principles of risk assessment prEN 1677-1:2000, Components for slings – Safety – Part 1: Forged steel components, Grade 8 prEN 1677-2:2000, Components for slings – Safety – Part 2: Forged steel lifting hooks with latch, Grade 8 prEN 1677-3:1998, Components for slings – Safety – Part 3: Forged steel self-locking hooks, Grade 8 prEN 1677-4:1998, Components for slings – Safety – Part 4: Links, Grade 8 prEN 1677-5:1998, Components for slings – Safety – Part 5: Forged steel lifting hooks with latch, Grade 4 prEN 1677-6:1998, Components for slings – Safety – Part 6: Links, Grade 4 EN 10002-2: 1991, Metallic materials - Tensile testing –- Part 2: Verification of the force measuring system of the tensile testing machines EN 45012, General requirements for bodies operating assessment and certification/registration of quality systems (ISO/IEC Guide 62:1996) EN ISO 5084:1996, Textiles - Determination of thickness of textiles and textile products (ISO 5084:1996) EN ISO 9002, Quality systems - Model for quality assurance in production, installation and servicing (ISO 9002:1994) 3 Terms and definitions For the purposes of this standard, the following terms, definitions, symbols and abbreviations apply. 3.1 flat woven webbing sling flexible sling consisting of a sewn webbing component, with or without fittings (see table 2), for attaching loads to the hook of a crane or other lifting machine.
3.2 multi-layer sling flat woven webbing sling, the sewn webbing component or components of which consist of two or more layers of identical webbings superimposed in the lengthwise direction (See table 2).
3.3 multi-leg sling assembly flat woven webbing sling assembly, consisting of two, three or four identical flat woven webbing slings attached to a master link (See table 3). SIST EN 1492-1:2001+A1:2009
EN 1492-1:2000+A1:2008 (E) 7
3.4 representative sling/representative sewn webbing component flat woven webbing sling, or the sewn webbing component of a flat woven webbing sling, representative of each type or construction of sling, which is used for verification purposes (See 6.2. and 6.3). NOTE This may differ from the production sling/sewn webbing component in length only
3.5 seam method of securing the webbing to itself,
securing several webbings to each other, or securing reinforcements to the webbing by means of stitches produced by the thread traversing the layers.
3.6 closed surface webbing surface which, when visually and manually examined, appears closed, as is the case following thermofixing or colouring with additional substances, and where the single fibres support each other.
3.7 eye termination of a sewn webbing component, produced by turning the end of the webbing through 180° and securing it to the standing part of the webbing by a loadbearing seam, so forming a terminal soft eye or attaching a terminal fitting.
3.8 soft eye terminal eye of a sewn webbing component so formed as to allow reeving, the attachment of removable fittings or connection to the hook of a crane, other lifting machine or lifting accessory.
3.9 fitting loadbearing metal component, supplied as part of a sling and which is used to terminate the sling so as to allow it to be reeved, attached to other lifting accessories, connected to other flat woven webbing slings to form a multi-leg sling assembly or connected to the hook of a crane or other lifting machine.
3.10 master link link, or link assembly, forming the upper terminal fitting of a multi-leg sling assembly by means of which the sling assembly is attached to the hook of a crane, other lifting machine or lifting accessory.
3.11 nominal length specified length of the sling, inclusive of fittings, from bearing point to bearing point (See table 1).
3.12 effective working length (EWL) actual finished length of the flat woven webbing sling, inclusive of fittings, from bearing point to bearing point (See 5.7).
3.13 working load limit (WLL) maximum mass which the sewn webbing component of a flat woven webbing sling is designed to sustain in straight pull and which a sling or sling assembly is authorized to sustain in general lifting service (See table 3).
3.14 mode factor (M) factor applied to the WLL of a flat woven webbing sling in order to arrive at the WLL of a sling or sling assembly for a given mode of assembly or use.
SIST EN 1492-1:2001+A1:2009
EN 1492-1:2000+A1:2008 (E) 8 3.15 competent person designated person, suitably trained and qualified by knowledge and practical experience, and with the necessary instructions to enable the required tests and examination to be carried out. NOTE 4.18 of EN ISO 9002:1994 gives guidance on training.
4 Hazards The accidental release of a load, or release of a load due to failure of a component puts at risk, either directly or indirectly, the safety or health of those persons within the danger zone. In order to provide the necessary strength and durability of lifting accessories this Part of EN 1492 specifies requirements for the design, manufacture and testing to ensure the specified levels of performance are met. Endurance has not been identified as a hazard when flat woven webbing slings having the specified levels of performance given in this Part of EN 1492 are used in general lifting service. Since failure can be caused by the incorrect choice of WLL and specification of lifting accessory this Part of EN 1492 also gives the requirements for marking and the manufacturer’s certificate. Aspects of safe use associated with good practice are given in annex B (normative) and annex D (informative). Table 1 lists those hazards in so far as they are dealt with in this standard that require action to reduce those risks identified by risk assessment as being specific and significant for flat woven webbing slings made of polyamide, polyester and polypropylene . Table 1 — Hazards and associated requirements Hazards identified in annex A of EN 1050:1996 Relevant clause of annex A of EN 292-2: 1991/A1: 1995 Relevant clause/subclause of this Part of EN 1492 1.e) Mechanical hazard due to inadequacy of strength 1.3.2 4.1.2.3 4.1.2.5 4.2.4 1.7.3 4.3.2 4.2.4 5 5 5 6 7 7 8 15 Errors of fitting hazard 1.5.4 5 17 Falling or ejected objects hazard 1.3.3 Annex B
26 Insufficient instructions for the driver/operator 1.7.4 4.4.1 9, annex B
9, annex B
27.1.5 Inadequate holding devices/accessories hazard 4.4.1 5.14 27.6 Inadequate selection of lifting accessories hazard 4.1.2.5 4.3.2 5.14 and 6 7 SIST EN 1492-1:2001+A1:2009
EN 1492-1:2000+A1:2008 (E) 9 5 Safety requirements 5.1 Materials The webbing shall be woven wholly from industrial yarns and certified by the manufacturer as being fast to light and heat-stabilized with a tenacity of not less than 60 cN/tex, from one of the following materials: polyamide (PA), high tenacity multifilament; polyester (PES), high tenacity multifilament; polypropylene (PP), high tenacity multifilament. NOTE The definitions for these are given in ISO 2076. The content of the constituent materials may be determined in accordance with ISO 1833. NOTE Attention is drawn to the different resistance of man-made fibres to chemicals, which are summarized in annex D. 5.2 Weaving All yarns shall be of identical parent material (see 5.1). Whether it is conventional or shuttleless woven, the webbing shall be woven with multiple piles, uniformly woven and the edges such that when one of the yarns breaks during weaving the ends cannot be pulled from the webbing causing it to unpick. The method of weaving shall be such that the width of the finished sling changes by no more than -10 % for widths less than or equal to 100 mm, and -12% for widths over 100 mm, when a sample is tested in accordance with annex A. 5.3 Width The width of the woven webbing, b (see figure 1), shall not be less than 25 mm and shall not exceed 450 mm and when measured with a steel tape or rule graduated in increments of 1 mm, shall have the following tolerances: a) ± 10 % for nominal widths less than or equal to 100 mm; b) ± 8 % for nominal widths greater than 100 mm.
SIST EN 1492-1:2001+A1:2009
EN 1492-1:2000+A1:2008 (E) 10 5.4 Webbing thickness and sling thickness For single layer flat woven webbing slings, the loadbearing element of the sling shall have a minimum thickness of 2 mm exclusive of any finishes or cast-on features. For multi-layer slings, the webbing used to provide each layer of the loadbearing element of the sling shall have a minimum thickness of 1,2 mm.
The thickness, s1 (see figure 1), shall be measured in accordance with ISO 5084.
Figure 1 — Webbing width and thickness
5.5 Finishing and other treatments The webbing forming the sewn webbing component shall be coloured (see 5.11). The sewn webbing component shall be treated to produce a closed surface. NOTE These treatments inhibit abrasion and the ingress of abrasive materials and may be applied to the webbing and/or the sewn webbing component and/or the yarn. 5.6 Sling types and designation Endless flat woven webbing slings, type A, shall be made from 1 or 2 webbing layers. Single flat woven webbing slings with soft eyes, type B, and single flat woven webbing slings with metal fittings, type C, and/or reevable fittings, type Cr, shall be made from 1, 2, 3 or 4 layers. The designation shall give the type letter and number of layers, e.g. A2 (see table 2). 5.7 Effective working length (EWL) The effective working length (EWL), l1, of a flat woven webbing sling (see table 2) shall not differ from the nominal length by more than 3 % of the nominal length, when laid flat and measured with a steel tape or rule graduated in increments of 1 mm. SIST EN 1492-1:2001+A1:2009
EN 1492-1:2000+A1:2008 (E) 11 5.8 Sewing of slings 5.8.1 All seams shall be made from thread of identical parent material (see 5.1) as the webbing and shall be made with a locking stitch machine. Stitches shall not touch or affect the edges of the webbing except those which secure the eye durability reinforcement. NOTE The use of a different colour thread to that of the rest of the sling will facilitate inspection during the manufacturer’s verification and in-service inspections by the user 5.8.2 The stitches of the seam shall traverse the parts of the webbing to be sewn together, and the stitching shall lay flat and not have loops above the surface of the webbing. 5.8.3 The ends of cut webbing shall be treated in such a way (e.g. fused by heating) as to prevent unravelling. Treatment of cut ends by heating shall not damage adjacent stitching, and heat-treated ends shall not be oversewn. NOTE Where the webbing has been impregnated to prevent thread slippage, further treatment is not necessary, in which case the ends may be oversewn. SIST EN 1492-1:2001+A1:2009
EN 1492-1:2000+A1:2008 (E) 12 Table 2 — Summary and type designation of main types of flat woven webbing slings
Form A - endless B - single sling with reinforced eyes C - single sling with fittings Cr - single sling with reevable fittings Load bearing webbing parts
C Cr
Single load bearing part
single layer sling with reinforced eyes B1 single layer sling with fittings
C1
Cr1
Two load bearing parts
single layer sling A2 two layer sling with reinforced eyes B2 two layer sling with fittings C2 Cr2
Four load bearing parts
two layer sling A4
NOTE The table of sling types illustrated is not exhaustive SIST EN 1492-1:2001+A1:2009
EN 1492-1:2000+A1:2008 (E) 13 5.9 Soft eyes The inside length, l2, of the eyes (see table 2), when measured flat using a steel tape or rule graduated in increments of 1 mm, shall be of the following minimum dimensions: a) Three times the width of the webbing for width of up to 150 mm; b) Two and a half times the width of the webbing for widths greater than 150 mm. NOTE The preferred types of soft eye formation are illustrated in figure 2. 1) Flat eye 2) Reversed eye
3) Folded eye ½ width from one side 4) Folded eye ½ width from two sides 5) Folded eye 1/3 width
NOTE Folded eyes are produced by folding the parts of the webbing that form the eye onto each other to narrow the profile of engagement. The two edges are sewn together or to the webbing itself. NOTE Folded eyes may also be reversed NOTE The eye types illustrated are not exhaustive. NOTE For reasons of clarity, eye reinforcement has been omitted from the illustrations, it is however a requirement of this standard that soft eyes are reinforced (see 5.10) Figure 2 — Preferred soft eye types SIST EN 1492-1:2001+A1:2009
EN 1492-1:2000+A1:2008 (E) 14 5.10 Reinforcement of soft eyes Soft eyes shall be reinforced to protect the inner surface of the eye against damage during lifting and at the point of choking in a choked lift. NOTE Examples of suitable reinforcing material are a sleeve or piece of webbing or leather or other durable material. 5.11 Colour coding The colour code of the sewn webbing component shall be as given in table 3 to indicate its WLL. Sewn webbing components of any other nominal working load limits, not indicated in table 3, shall not be denoted with the colours indicated therein. 5.12 Working load limits The WLL of a flat woven webbing sling, or sling assembly, shall be derived from the WLL of the sewn webbing component multiplied by the appropriate mode factor, M, in accordance with table 3. 5.13 Failure force The minimum failure force for the sewn webbing component shall be such that it will sustain a force equivalent to 7 times the WLL when tested in accordance with annex A. It shall not be pre-loaded prior to testing, unless all sewn webbing components of the same type are subjected to identical pre-loading.
SIST EN 1492-1:2001+A1:2009
EN 1492-1:2000+A1:2008 (E) 15 Table 3 — Working load limits and colour codes Working load limits in tonnes WLL of sewn webbing component Colour of sewn webbing component Straight lift Choked lift Basket hitch Two leg sling Three and four leg slings
Parallel
=
0 to 45° = 45°to 60°
= 0 to 45°
= 45° to 60° = 0 to 45°
= 45° to 60°
M = 1 M = 0,8 M = 2 M = 1,4M = 1 M = 1,4M = 1 M = 2,1M = 1,5 1,0 2,0 3,0 4,0 5,0 6,0 8,0 10,0 Over 10,0 Violet Green Yellow Grey Red Brown Blue Orange Orange 1,0 2,0 3,0 4,0 5,0 6,0 8,0 10,0 0,8 1,6 2,4 3,2 4,0 4,8 6,4 8,0 2,0 4,0 6,0 8,0 10,0 12,0 16,0 20,0 1,4 2,8 4,2 5,6 7,0 8,4 11,2 14,0 1,0 2,0 3,0 4,0 5,0 6,0 8,0 10,0 1,4 2,8 4,2 5,6 7,0 8,4 11,2 14,0 1,0 2,0 3,0 4,0 5,0 6,0 8,0 10,0 2,1 4,2 6,3 8,4 10,5 12,6 16,8 21 1,5 3,0 4,5 6,0 7,5 9,0 12,0 15,0
M = Mode factor for symmetrical loading. Handling tolerance for slings or parts of slings indicated as vertical = 6°
SIST EN 1492-1:2001+A1:2009
EN 1492-1:2000+A1:2008 (E)
16 5.14 Fittings supplied as part of a sling 5.14.1 Fittings shall conform to the appropriate part or parts of prEN 1677:2000 (for parts 1 and 2) and of prEN 1677:1998 (for parts 3, 4, 5 and 6). 5.14.2 The seating of a fitting in contact with the webbing shall be so finished that, when tested in accordance with annex A: a) there shall be no damage to the area of webbing in contact with the fitting; b) the sling shall sustain the load. 5.14.3 Welded fittings shall be placed so that the welds remain visible when the sling is in use. 5.15 Reinforcements and protection against damage from edges and/or abrasion 5.15.1 Durability reinforcement, where provided, shall be cast onto the webbing, or in the form of a piece of reinforcing material or sleeve which shall be sown to the webbing. 5.15.2 Protective sleeves, where provided, shall be of tubular form such that they are free to enable them to be positioned over the part of the sewn webbing component which is to be protected. NOTE Examples of suitable reinforcing and protection materials are webbing, woven fabric, leather or other durable material. 5.16 Traceability code The traceability code, which is to be included in the marking (see 7.1), shall enable at least the following basic elements of the manufacturing record to be traced: a) identification of webbing; b) identification of manufacturer’s control; c) identification and grade of fittings. 6 Verification of safety requirements 6.1 Qualification of personnel All testing and examination shall be carried out by a competent person. 6.2 Type tests 6.2.1 The first representative sling of each type or construction, including change of material, shall be tested to verify the
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