SIST CLC/TS 62081:2003
(Main)Arc welding equipment - Installation and use
Arc welding equipment - Installation and use
This Technical Specification describes the general conditions for the installation and use of arc welding equipment that comply with EN 60974-1. Gives particular information for operators.
Lichtbogenschweißeinrichtungen - Errichtung und Betrieb
Matériel de soudage à l'arc - Installation et utilisation
Cette spécification Technique décrit les conditions générales d'installation et d'utilisation des matériel de soudage à l'arc répondant à la norme EN 60974-1. Donne en particulier des informations pour les opérateurs.
Arc welding equipment - Installation and use
General Information
Relations
Standards Content (Sample)
SLOVENSKI STANDARD
SIST CLC/TS 62081:2003
01-april-2003
Arc welding equipment - Installation and use
Arc welding equipment - Installation and use
Lichtbogenschweißeinrichtungen - Errichtung und Betrieb
Matériel de soudage à l'arc - Installation et utilisation
Ta slovenski standard je istoveten z: CLC/TS 62081:2002
ICS:
25.160.30 Varilna oprema Welding equipment
SIST CLC/TS 62081:2003 en
2003-01.Slovenski inštitut za standardizacijo. Razmnoževanje celote ali delov tega standarda ni dovoljeno.
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SIST CLC/TS 62081:2003
TECHNICAL SPECIFICATION CLC/TS 62081
SPÉCIFICATION TECHNIQUE
TECHNISCHE SPEZIFIKATION July 2002
ICS 25.160.30 Replaces HD 407 S1:1980 and HD 427 S1:1981
English version
Arc welding equipment —
Installation and use
(IEC 62081:1999)
Matériel de soudage à l'arc — Lichtbogenschweißeinrichtungen —
Installation et utilisation Errichtung und Betrieb
(CEI 62081:1999) (IEC 62081:1999)
This Technical Specification was approved by CENELEC on 2002-07-02.
CENELEC members are required to announce the existence of this TS in the same way as for an EN and
to make the TS available promptly at national level in an appropriate form. It is permissible to keep
conflicting national standards in force.
CENELEC members are the national electrotechnical committees of Austria, Belgium, Czech Republic,
Denmark, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Luxembourg, Malta,
Netherlands, Norway, Portugal, Slovakia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and United Kingdom.
CENELEC
European Committee for Electrotechnical Standardization
Comité Européen de Normalisation Electrotechnique
Europäisches Komitee für Elektrotechnische Normung
Central Secretariat: rue de Stassart 35, B - 1050 Brussels
© 2002 CENELEC - All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved worldwide for CENELEC members.
Ref. No. CLC/TS 62081:2002 E
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SIST CLC/TS 62081:2003
CLC/TS 62081:2002 - 2 -
Foreword
The text of the Technical Specification IEC 62081:1999, prepared by IEC TC 26, Electric welding, was
submitted to the questionnaire and vote procedure and was approved by CENELEC as CLC/TS 62081
on 2002-07-02 without any modification.
This Technical Specification supersedes HD 407 S1:1980 and HD 427 S1:1981.
The following date was fixed:
– latest date by which the existence of the CLC/TS
has to be announced at national level (doa) 2002-10-01
__________
Endorsement notice
The text of the Technical Specification IEC 62081:1999 was approved by CENELEC as a Technical
Specification without any modification.
__________
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- 3 - CLC/TS 62081:2002
Annex ZA
(normative)
Normative references to international publications
with their corresponding European publications
This Technical Specification incorporates by dated or undated reference, provisions from other
publications. These normative references are cited at the appropriate places in the text and the
publications are listed hereafter. For dated references, subsequent amendments to or revisions of any
of these publications apply to this Technical Specification only when incorporated in it by amendment
or revision. For undated references the latest edition of the publication referred to applies (including
amendments).
NOTE When an international publication has been modified by common modifications, indicated by (mod), the relevant
EN/HD applies.
Publication Year Title EN/HD Year
IEC 60050-195 1998 International Electrotechnical - -
Vocabulary (IEV)
Chapter 195: Earthing and protection
against electric shock
IEC 60204-1 1997 Safety of machinery - Electrical EN 60204-1 1997
equipment of machines
Part 1: General requirements
IEC 60364-4-41 1992 Electrical installations of buildings HD 384.4.41 S2 1996
(mod) Part 4: Protection for safety
Chapter 41: Protection against electric
shock
IEC 60947-2 1995 Low-voltage switchgear and controlgear EN 60947-2 1996
Part 2: Circuit-breakers
IEC 60974-1 1998 Arc welding equipment EN 60974-1 1998
Part 1: Welding power sources
IEC 60974-11 1992 Part 11: Electrode holders EN 60974-11 1995
(mod)
IEC 60974-12 1992 Part 12: Coupling devices for welding EN 60974-12 1995
(mod) cables
IEC 61008 Series Electrical accessories – Residual EN 61008 Series
(mod) current operated circuit-breakers
without integral overcurrent protection
for household and similar uses
(RCCB's)
IEC 61009 Series Electrical accessories – Residual EN 61009 Series
(mod) current operated circuit-breakers with
integral overcurrent protection for
household and similar uses (RCBO's)
IEC 61140 1997 Protection against electric shock - EN 61140 2001
Common aspects for installation and
equipment
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SIST CLC/TS 62081:2003
TECHNICAL IEC
SPECIFICATION TS 62081
First edition
1999-05
Arc welding equipment –
Installation and use
© IEC 1999 Copyright - all rights reserved
No part of this publication may be reproduced or utilized in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical,
including photocopying and microfilm, without permission in writing from the publisher.
International Electrotechnical Commission, 3, rue de Varembé, PO Box 131, CH-1211 Geneva 20, Switzerland
Telephone: +41 22 919 02 11 Telefax: +41 22 919 03 00 E-mail: inmail@iec.ch Web: www.iec.ch
PRICE CODE
S
Commission Electrotechnique Internationale
International Electrotechnical Commission
МеждународнаяЭлектротехническаяКомиссия
For price, see current catalogue
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62081/TS © IEC:1999 – 3 –
CONTENTS
Page
FOREWORD 5
..........................................................................................................................
Clause
1 Scope 7
..............................................................................................................................
2 Normative references 7
.......................................................................................................
3 Definitions 9
........................................................................................................................
4 Installation 11
.....................................................................................................................
4.1 General 11
.................................................................................................................
4.1.1 Selection of supply cable and protection against overload 11
..........................
4.1.2 Supply disconnecting device 11
......................................................................
4.1.3 Emergency stopping device 11
.......................................................................
4.1.4 Protection against electric shock from the mains supply 13
.............................
4.2 Welding circuit 13
......................................................................................................
4.2.1 Isolation from the mains supply 13
.................................................................
4.2.2 Welding voltage supply 13
..............................................................................
4.2.3 Connection between the welding power source and the work piece 13
............
4.2.4 Earthing of the work piece 15
.........................................................................
4.2.5 Location of gas cylinders 15
...........................................................................
5 Use 17
................................................................................................................................
5.1 General requirements 17
............................................................................................
5.2 Connection between several welding power sources 17
..............................................
5.3 Inspection and maintenance of the welding installation 17
..........................................
5.4 Disconnection of welding power sources and/or welding circuits 17
............................
5.5 Guards 19
..................................................................................................................
5.6 Information for operators 19
.......................................................................................
5.7 Protective measures 19
.............................................................................................
5.7.1 Extraneous conductive parts in the welding area 19
........................................
5.7.2 Protection against electric shock 19
...............................................................
5.8 Isolation of the welding circuit from the work piece and earth when not in use 19
........
5.9 Voltage between electrode holders or torches/guns 21
...............................................
5.10 Welding in an environment with increased hazard of electric shock 25
........................
5.11 Use of shoulder slings 27
...........................................................................................
5.12 Welding at elevated positions 27
................................................................................
Annex A – Hazards connected with arc welding 29
.....................................................................
Bibliography 41
.........................................................................................................................
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INTERNATIONAL ELECTROTECHNICAL COMMISSION
____________
ARC WELDING EQUIPMENT –
Installation and use
FOREWORD
1) The IEC (International Electrotechnical Commission) is a worldwide organization for standardization comprising
all national electrotechnical committees (IEC National Committees). The object of the IEC is to promote
international co-operation on all questions concerning standardization in the electrical and electronic fields. To
this end and in addition to other activities, the IEC publishes International Standards. Their preparation is
entrusted to technical committees; any IEC National Committee interested in the subject dealt with may
participate in this preparatory work. International, governmental and non-governmental organizations liaising
with the IEC also participate in this preparation. The IEC collaborates closely with the International Organization
for Standardization (ISO) in accordance with conditions determined by agreement between the two
organizations.
2) The formal decisions or agreements of the IEC on technical matters express, as nearly as possible, an
international consensus of opinion on the relevant subjects since each technical committee has representation
from all interested National Committees.
3) The documents produced have the form of recommendations for international use and are published in the form
of standards, technical reports, technical specifications or guides and they are accepted by the National
Committees in that sense.
4) In order to promote international unification, IEC National Committees undertake to apply IEC International
Standards transparently to the maximum extent possible in their national and regional standards. Any
divergence between the IEC Standard and the corresponding national or regional standard shall be clearly
indicated in the latter.
5) The IEC provides no marking procedure to indicate its approval and cannot be rendered responsible for any
equipment declared to be in conformity with one of its standards.
6) Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this technical specification may be the subject
of patent rights. The IEC shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights.
The main task of IEC technical committees is to prepare International Standards. In
exceptional circumstances, a technical committee may propose the publication of a technical
specification when
the required support cannot be obtained for the publication of an International Standard,
•
despite repeated efforts, or
the subject is still under technical development or where, for any other reason, there is the
•
future but no immediate possibility of an agreement on an International Standard.
Technical specifications are subject to review within three years of publication to decide
whether they can be transformed into International Standards.
IEC 62081, which is a technical specification, has been prepared by technical committee 26:
Electric welding.
The text of this technical specification is based on the following documents:
Enquiry draft Report on voting
26/136/CDV 26/143 + 143A/RVC
Full information on the voting for the approval of this technical specification can be found in the
report on voting indicated in the above table.
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ARC WELDING EQUIPMENT –
Installation and use
1 Scope
This technical specification is applicable to the installation and industrial and professional use
of welding power sources, equipment and accessories for arc welding and allied processes.
2 Normative references
The following normative documents contain provisions which, through reference in this text,
constitute provisions of this technical specification. For dated references, subsequent
amendments to, or revisions of, any of these publications do not apply. However, parties to
agreements based on this technical specification are encouraged to investigate the possibility
of applying the most recent editions of the normative documents indicated below. For undated
references, the latest edition of the normative document referred to applies. Members of IEC
and ISO maintain registers of currently valid International Standards.
IEC 60050-195:1998,
International Electrotechnical Vocabulary – Part 195: Earthing and
protection against electric shock
IEC 60204-1:1997, Electrical equipment of industrial machines – Part 1: General requirements
IEC 60364-4-41:1992, Electrical installations of buildings – Part 4: Protection for safety –
Chapter 41: Protection against electric shock
IEC 60947-2:1995, Low-voltage switchgear and controlgear – Part 2: Circuit breakers
IEC 60974-1:1998, Arc welding equipment – Part 1: Welding power sources
IEC 60974-11:1992, Arc welding equipment – Part 11: Electrode holders
IEC 60974-12:1992, Arc welding equipment – Part 12: Coupling devices for welding cables
IEC 61008 (all parts), Residual current operated circuit-breakers without integral overcurrent
protection for household and similar uses (RCCB's)
IEC 61009 (all parts), Residual current operated circuit-breakers with integral overcurrent
protection for household and similar uses (RCBO's)
IEC 61140:1997, Protection against electric shock – Common aspects for installation and
equipment
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3 Definitions
For the purpose of this technical specification, the following definitions apply:
3.1
welding circuit
a circuit that includes all conductive material through which the welding current is intended to
flow
NOTE 1 – In arc welding, the arc is a part of the welding circuit.
NOTE 2 – In certain arc welding processes, the arc may be established between two electrodes. In such a case, the
work piece is not necessarily a part of the welding circuit. [IEC 60974-1, 3.11]
3.2
extraneous conductive part
conductive part not forming part of the electrical installation and liable to introduce an electric
potential, generally the electric potential of a local earth [IEV 195-06-11]
NOTE – Electrical installation includes the welding circuit.
3.3
work piece
metal piece or pieces on which welding or allied processes are performed
3.4
protective clothing and accessories
protective clothing and accessories (e.g. gloves, hand shields, head masks and filter lenses)
used in order to diminish electric shock risks and the effects of fume and spatter and to protect
the skin and eyes against arc radiation
3.5
environments with increased hazard of electric shock
environments where the hazard of electric shock by arc welding is increased in relation to
normal arc welding conditions
NOTE 1 – Such environments are found for example
a) in locations in which freedom of movement is restricted, so that the operator is forced to perform the welding in
a cramped position (kneeling, sitting, lying) with physical contact with conductive parts;
b) in locations which are fully or partially limited by conductive elements and in which there is a high risk of
unavoidable or accidental contact by the operator;
c) in wet, damp or hot locations where humidity or perspiration considerably reduces the skin resistance of the
human body and the insulating properties of accessories.
NOTE 2 – Environments with increased hazard of electric shock are not meant to include places where electrically
conductive parts in the near vicinity of the operator which can cause increased hazard have been insulated.
[IEC 60974-1, 3.46]
3.6
industrial and professional use
use intended only for experts or instructed persons [IEC 60974-1, 3.2]
3.7
expert (competent person, skilled person)
a person who can judge the work assigned and recognize possible hazards on the basis of
professional training, knowledge, experience and knowledge of the relevant equipment
NOTE – Several years of practice in the relevant technical field may be taken into consideration in assessment of
professional training [IEC 60974-1, 3.3]
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3.8
wire feeder
equipment that delivers filer wire to the arc or weld zone. It includes the wire feed control and
means to apply motion to the filler wire. It may also include the filler wire supply
[IEC 60974-5, 3.1]
3.9
auxiliary power output
circuit of a welding power source designed to provide electrical power to auxiliary equipment
4 Installation
4.1 General
Welding power sources, equipment, cables and accessories used in arc welding installations
should be intended for the purpose and built according to the relevant standards, e.g.
IEC 60974-1.
Electromagnetic compatibility (EMC) requirements should be taken into consideration during
installation.
Full use should be made of the technical data relevant to the welding equipment e.g.
manufacturers' instructions.
Specific advice may be obtained from the manufacturer of the welding equipment as
necessary.
4.1.1 Selection of supply cable and protection against overload
Supply cables for welding power sources and their overload protection should be selected
according to the information given by the manufacturer of the welding equipment.
Supply cables should be placed or armoured, so that they cannot be damaged in use. If that
cannot be achieved, a sensitive residual current circuit breaker, capable of operating at a
leakage current not exceeding 30 mA according to IEC 61008, IEC 61009 or IEC 60947-2
(annex B) should be used to reduce the risk of electric shock.
For equipment other than that covered by clause 4, IEC 60204-1 may be applicable.
4.1.2 Supply disconnecting device
If the welding equipment is not fitted with a supply disconnecting device, the installer should
ensure that such a device is fitted at the point of supply.
4.1.3 Emergency stopping device
Emergency stopping device should conform to IEC 60204-1.
NOTE – For welding in an environment with increased hazard of electric shock (see additionally 5.1).
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4.1.4 Protection against electric shock from the mains supply
Equipment should be constructed according to the relevant standard, e.g. IEC 60204-1 and
IEC 60974-1.
4.2 Welding circuit
4.2.1 Isolation from the mains supply
The welding circuit and circuits electrically connected to the welding circuit should be
electrically isolated from the mains supply.
Verification should be carried out by an expert.
4.2.2 Welding voltage supply
If more than one welding power source is in use at the same time, their no-load voltages can
be cumulative and could create an increased hazard of electric shock. Welding power sources
should be installed so as to minimize this risk. Guidance is given in 5.9.
NOTE 1 – In the case of two welding transformers connected to the same lines, the resulting output voltage may be
the sum of both no-load voltages. This can be avoided by using a suitable input or output connection (see 5.9).
NOTE 2 – Where more than one welding power source is installed, individual welding power sources with their
separate controls and connections should be clearly identified to show which items belong to any one welding
circuit.
4.2.3 Connection between the welding power source and the work piece
When the welding current does not flow entirely in the welding circuit, stray currents, which are
components of the welding current, occur. These can cause damage and should be eliminated
by the following means.
a) The electrical connection between the welding power source and the work pieces should be
made as direct as practicable by means of an insulated welding return cable having an
adequate current carrying capacity.
b) Extraneous conductive parts, such as metal rails, pipes and frames should not be used as
part of the welding return circuit, unless they constitute the work piece itself.
c) The welding current return clamp should be as near as practicable to the welding arc.
NOTE – When the return clamp is removed, it should be electrically isolated from earthed parts, e.g. metallic
enclosures with protective earth connection (class I), metal floors, building services.
d) The welding circuit should not be earthed unless required by national or local regulations
(see 4.2.4).
e) Connection of the welding return cable to the work piece should be ensured by the use of
devices having suitable means for cable connection, a fastening system not liable to come
loose accidentally, and good electrical contact. Magnetic devices only present a good
electrical contact if the contact surfaces of the magnetic device and the contact area of the
work piece are sufficiently large, even, conductive and clean (e.g. free from rust and
primer) and if the contact area of the work piece is magnetic.
NOTE – If work pieces are on a welding bench or a work-handling device, the return cable may be connected to
the bench or device.
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f) Connection devices for non-stationary flexible welding cables in the welding circuit should
1) have an adequate covering of insulating material to prevent inadvertent contact with live
parts, when connected, with the exception of the welding return current clamp at the
work piece itself;
2) be suitable for the sizes of cables used and the welding current;
3) be effectively connected to the welding cables and in good electrical contact with them.
Both the welding cable and the connection device should be used within their specified current
rating. The connection device should not be fitted with a cable smaller in diameter than
specified by the manufacturer of the connection device.
When coupling devices are used, they should comply with IEC 60974-12.
4.2.4 Earthing of the work piece
The welding circuit should not be earthed, since it can increase the risk of stray welding
currents (see 4.2.3). Earthing of the welding circuit can also increase the area of metal through
which a person in contact with the welding circuit, e.g. the welding electrode, could receive a
shock.
NOTE 1 – There are work pieces which have an inherent connection to earth, e.g. steel structures, ships, pipelines
etc. When these are welded, the possibility of stray currents is increased.
NOTE 2 – In some cases the work piece may be in permanent contact with earth, e.g. with protection class I
equipment which itself has protective conductors connected to earth. Such a work piece is considered to be
inherently connected to earth.
An assessment of the welding circuit and the welding area should ensure that welding current
will not flow through a connection intended for the protective earth connection of equipment
frame conduit or any object connected to earth but not intended or capable to carry the welding
current.
If electrical tools are used, which may come into contact with the work piece, then those tools
should be of class II equipment , i.e. with double or reinforced insulation without protective
earth connection.
If earthing is required by national or local regulations, the earth connection should be made by
a separate dedicated cable or conductor with a rating of at least that of the welding return cable
and connected directly to the work piece.
Precautions should be taken to insulate the operator from earth as well as from the work piece
(see 5.7.2).
NOTE 3 – Where external radio frequency suppression networks are connected to the welding circuit, an expert
should assess whether the welding circuit can still be regarded as insulated from earth.
NOTE 4 – External radio frequency suppression networks could consist of a number of different components e.g.
LCR filters (inductance/capacitance/resistance).
4.2.5 Location of gas cylinders
Care should be taken to prevent gas cylinders in the vicinity of the work piece becoming part of
the welding circuit.
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5 Use
5.1 General requirements
Arc welding equipment and accessories should be manufactured according to the relevant
standards e.g. IEC 60974-1 for welding power sources. Before welding equipment is put into
service, the user should take account of the instructions provided by the manufacturer and any
other relevant requirements.
Consideration should be given to the environment in which the welding equipment is used as
additional precautions may need to be taken.
5.2 Connection between several welding power sources
If welding power sources are to be connected in parallel or in series, this should be carried out
by an expert and in accordance with the manufacturers' recommendations. The equipment
should be approved for arc welding operations only after a check has been carried out to
ensure that the permissible no-load voltage cannot be exceeded.
When one welding power source connected in parallel or series is taken out of service, that
power source should be disconnected from the mains supply and from the welding circuit, so
as to preclude any hazards that might be caused by feed-back voltages.
5.3 Inspection and maintenance of the welding installation
On installation, and periodically thereafter, an expert nominated for the task should check that
the welding equipment has been correctly selected and connected for the work to be carried
out in accordance with the manufacturer's instructions and that all connections are clean and
tight and the welding equipment is in good condition. In addition, all protective earthing should
be checked for effectiveness. Any defects found should be repaired. Particular attention should
be paid to the installation of supply and welding cables, electrode holders and coupling
devices. The operator should be instructed to check all external connections daily and each
time a reconnection is made. Any defects found should be reported, and faulty equipment
should not be used until it has been repaired. The welding current return clamp should be
connected directly to the work piece as close as practicable to the point of welding or to the
welding bench on which the work piece is situated or to the work-handling device.
For plasma cutting where the no-load voltages are higher than with welding, particular care is
necessary in carrying out inspection and maintenance procedures. Particular attention should
be paid to the water cooling equipment to ensure that any leaks do not affect the insulation.
Before carrying out arc welding on equipment having associated transformers (e.g. arc
furnaces), such transformers should be isolated to avoid the hazard of shock from induced
voltages on the input side of the transformer.
5.4 Disconnection of welding power sources and/or welding circuits
When operators interrupt their work or leave their work place, e.g. during lunch or change of
shift, the welding power source or the welding circuit should be switched off or safeguarded in
such a way that it cannot unintentionally be operated from the electrode holder or torch
(see also 5.8).
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If the supply cable is liable to damage when the welding power source is moved to another
location, that power source, including its supply cable, should be disconnected from the mains
supply before it is moved.
When maintenance or repair work is carried out on the welding equipment, the input and output
should be disconnected.
5.5 Guards
Guards and removable parts of the enclosure should be in position before the welding
equipment is made live.
5.6 Information for operators
Operators and their assistants should be trained as necessary in the safe use of equipment.
Operators and persons working in the vicinity of the welding operation should be warned of the
hazards and informed about protective measures concerning arc processes (see annex A).
The
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