SIST EN ISO 29481-1:2017
(Main)Building information models - Information delivery manual - Part 1: Methodology and format (ISO 29481-1:2016)
Building information models - Information delivery manual - Part 1: Methodology and format (ISO 29481-1:2016)
ISO 29481-1:2016 specifies
- a methodology that links the business processes undertaken during the construction of built facilities with the specification of information that is required by these processes, and
- a way to map and describe the information processes across the life cycle of construction works.
ISO 29481-1:2016 is intended to facilitate interoperability between software applications used during all stages of the life cycle of construction works, including briefing, design, documentation, construction, operation and maintenance, and demolition. It promotes digital collaboration between actors in the construction process and provides a basis for accurate, reliable, repeatable and high-quality information exchange.
Bauwerks-Informations-Modelle - Informations-Lieferungs-Handbuch - Teil 1: Methodik und Format (ISO 29481-1:2016)
Modèles des informations de la construction - Contrat d'interchange - Partie 1: Méthodologie et format (ISO 29481-1:2016)
L'ISO 29481-1:2016 spécifie:
- une méthodologie qui relie les processus métier employés pendant la construction d'installations à la spécification des informations requises par ces processus; et
- un moyen de cartographier et de décrire les processus d'information sur tout le cycle de vie des travaux de construction.
L'ISO 29481-1:2016 est destinée à faciliter l'interopérabilité entre les applications logicielles utilisées à toutes les étapes du cycle de vie des travaux de construction, dont la préparation, la conception, la documentation, la construction, l'exploitation et la maintenance, ainsi que la déconstruction. Elle promeut la collaboration numérique entre les acteurs du processus de construction et donne une base pour un échange d'informations précis, fiable, répétable et de haute qualité.
Informacijski modeli stavb - Priročnik z informacijami - 1. del: Metodologija in oblika (ISO 29481-1:2016)
Standard ISO 29481-1:2016 določa:
– metodologijo, ki povezuje poslovne postopke, izvedene med gradnjo obratov, z navedbo informacij, ki jo ti postopki zahtevajo, in
– način za povezovanje in opisovanje informacijskih postopkov prek celotnega izvajanja gradbenih del.
Namen standarda ISO 29481-1:2016 je poenostaviti interoperabilnost med programskimi aplikacijami, ki se uporabljajo v vseh fazah gradbenih del, vključno s poročanjem, načrtovanjem, dokumentiranjem, gradnjo, upravljanjem in vzdrževanjem ter rušenjem. Spodbuja digitalno sodelovanje med udeleženci v gradbenem postopku ter zagotavlja podlago za natančno, zanesljivo, ponovljivo in visokokakovostno izmenjavo informacij.
General Information
Standards Content (Sample)
SLOVENSKI STANDARD
SIST EN ISO 29481-1:2017
01-december-2017
,QIRUPDFLMVNLPRGHOLVWDYE3ULURþQLN]LQIRUPDFLMDPLGHO 0HWRGRORJLMDLQ
REOLND ,62
Building information models - Information delivery manual - Part 1: Methodology and
format (ISO 29481-1:2016)
Bauwerks-Informations-Modelle - Informations-Lieferungs-Handbuch - Teil 1: Methodik
und Format (ISO 29481-1:2016)
Modèles des informations de la construction - Contrat d'interchange - Partie 1:
Méthodologie et format (ISO 29481-1:2016)
Ta slovenski standard je istoveten z: EN ISO 29481-1:2017
ICS:
35.240.67 Uporabniške rešitve IT v IT applications in building
gradbeništvu and construction industry
91.010.01 Gradbeništvo na splošno Construction industry in
general
SIST EN ISO 29481-1:2017 en,fr,de
2003-01.Slovenski inštitut za standardizacijo. Razmnoževanje celote ali delov tega standarda ni dovoljeno.
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SIST EN ISO 29481-1:2017
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SIST EN ISO 29481-1:2017
EN ISO 29481-1
EUROPEAN STANDARD
NORME EUROPÉENNE
October 2017
EUROPÄISCHE NORM
ICS 91.010.01
English Version
Building information models - Information delivery
manual - Part 1: Methodology and format (ISO 29481-
1:2016)
Modèles des informations de la construction - Bauwerks-Informations-Modelle - Informations-
Protocole d'échange d'informations - Partie 1: Lieferungs-Handbuch - Teil 1: Methodik und Format
Méthodologie et format (ISO 29481-1:2016) (ISO 29481-1:2016)
This European Standard was approved by CEN on 24 February 2017.
CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this
European Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references
concerning such national standards may be obtained on application to the CEN-CENELEC Management Centre or to any CEN
member.
This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by
translation under the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the CEN-CENELEC Management
Centre has the same status as the official versions.
CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia,
Finland, Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania,
Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Serbia, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland,
Turkey and United Kingdom.
EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATION
COMITÉ EUROPÉEN DE NORMALISATION
EUROPÄISCHES KOMITEE FÜR NORMUNG
CEN-CENELEC Management Centre: Avenue Marnix 17, B-1000 Brussels
© 2017 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved Ref. No. EN ISO 29481-1:2017 E
worldwide for CEN national Members.
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SIST EN ISO 29481-1:2017
EN ISO 29481-1:2017 (E)
Contents Page
European foreword . 3
2
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SIST EN ISO 29481-1:2017
EN ISO 29481-1:2017 (E)
European foreword
The text of ISO 29481-1:2016 has been prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 59 “Buildings and
civil engineering works” of the International Organization for Standardization (ISO) and has been taken
over as EN ISO 29481-1:2017 by Technical Committee CEN/TC 442 “Building Information Modelling
(BIM)” the secretariat of which is held by SN.
This European Standard shall be given the status of a national standard, either by publication of an
identical text or by endorsement, at the latest by April 2018, and conflicting national standards shall be
withdrawn at the latest by April 2018.
Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of
patent rights. CEN shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights.
According to the CEN-CENELEC Internal Regulations, the national standards organizations of the
following countries are bound to implement this European Standard: Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria,
Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia,
France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta,
Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Serbia, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland,
Turkey and the United Kingdom.
Endorsement notice
The text of ISO 29481-1:2016 has been approved by CEN as EN ISO 29481-1:2017 without any
modification.
3
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SIST EN ISO 29481-1:2017
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SIST EN ISO 29481-1:2017
INTERNATIONAL ISO
STANDARD 29481-1
Second edition
2016-05-01
Building information models —
Information delivery manual —
Part 1:
Methodology and format
Modèles des informations de la construction — Contrat
d’interchange —
Partie 1: Méthodologie et format
Reference number
ISO 29481-1:2016(E)
©
ISO 2016
---------------------- Page: 7 ----------------------
SIST EN ISO 29481-1:2017
ISO 29481-1:2016(E)
COPYRIGHT PROTECTED DOCUMENT
© ISO 2016, Published in Switzerland
All rights reserved. Unless otherwise specified, no part of this publication may be reproduced or utilized otherwise in any form
or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying, or posting on the internet or an intranet, without prior
written permission. Permission can be requested from either ISO at the address below or ISO’s member body in the country of
the requester.
ISO copyright office
Ch. de Blandonnet 8 • CP 401
CH-1214 Vernier, Geneva, Switzerland
Tel. +41 22 749 01 11
Fax +41 22 749 09 47
copyright@iso.org
www.iso.org
ii © ISO 2016 – All rights reserved
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SIST EN ISO 29481-1:2017
ISO 29481-1:2016(E)
Contents Page
Foreword .iv
Introduction .v
1 Scope . 1
2 Normative references . 1
3 Terms and definitions . 1
4 Information delivery manual . 3
4.1 General . 3
4.2 Users of this part of ISO 29481 . 3
4.3 Business context . 4
4.4 Complete schema . 5
4.5 Breaking a complete schema to support requirements. 5
4.6 Supporting the building information modelling process . 5
4.7 Supporting the business process . 5
4.8 Supporting the software solution . 6
4.9 Content in the specific IDM . 6
5 IDM Framework . 6
5.1 General . 6
5.2 Basic framework . 8
5.2.1 General. 8
5.2.2 IDM component header information . . 8
5.2.3 IDM component overview. 9
5.3 Interaction map/transaction map . 9
5.4 Process maps . 9
5.5 Exchange requirements .10
5.5.1 General.10
5.5.2 Information units .10
5.5.3 Information constraints .10
5.6 Technical implementation .11
5.6.1 General.11
5.6.2 Implementation of metadata .11
5.6.3 Interaction framework .11
5.6.4 Model view definition (MVD) .11
Annex A (informative) IDM development process .13
Annex B (informative) Examples of simplified IDM components .17
Annex C (informative) Reference life cycle stages .22
Annex D (informative) IDM use of BPMN methods .24
Bibliography .29
© ISO 2016 – All rights reserved iii
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SIST EN ISO 29481-1:2017
ISO 29481-1:2016(E)
Foreword
ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards
bodies (ISO member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally carried out
through ISO technical committees. Each member body interested in a subject for which a technical
committee has been established has the right to be represented on that committee. International
organizations, governmental and non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work.
ISO collaborates closely with the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) on all matters of
electrotechnical standardization.
The procedures used to develop this document and those intended for its further maintenance are
described in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 1. In particular the different approval criteria needed for the
different types of ISO documents should be noted. This document was drafted in accordance with the
editorial rules of the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2 (see www.iso.org/directives).
Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of
patent rights. ISO shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. Details of
any patent rights identified during the development of the document will be in the Introduction and/or
on the ISO list of patent declarations received (see www.iso.org/patents).
Any trade name used in this document is information given for the convenience of users and does not
constitute an endorsement.
For an explanation on the meaning of ISO specific terms and expressions related to conformity
assessment, as well as information about ISO’s adherence to the WTO principles in the Technical
Barriers to Trade (TBT) see the following URL: Foreword - Supplementary information
The committee responsible for this document is ISO/TC 59, Buildings and civil engineering works,
Subcommittee SC 13, Organization of information about construction works.
This second edition cancels and replaces the first edition (ISO 29481-1:2010), which has been technically
revised.
ISO 29481 consists of the following parts, under the general title Building information models —
Information delivery manual:
— Part 1: Methodology and format
— Part 2: Interaction framework
iv © ISO 2016 – All rights reserved
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SIST EN ISO 29481-1:2017
ISO 29481-1:2016(E)
Introduction
This International Standard has undergone a major review in the light of refined approaches to the
development of information delivery manuals and their technical implementation in software readable
forms. It is important to note that these changes do not render existing information delivery manuals
(IDM) invalid.
Building information modelling provides a digital technology for describing and displaying information
required in the planning, design, construction and operation of constructed facilities. Increasingly,
this modelling approach is expanding to encompass all aspects of the built environment, including civil
infrastructure, utilities and public space. These are collectively referred to as construction processes.
This approach to managing information brings together the diverse sets of information used during
the life cycle of the built environment into a common information environment, reducing, and often
eliminating the need for the many types of paper documentation currently in use.
This approach is commonly referred to as building information modelling (BIM; reflecting its initial
application in the architectural domain), while the same acronym is used to refer to the product of the
process, the information model itself, or building information model (BIM).
Though the focus of construction processes described above is on the physical fabric of the built
environment, BIM technology can also benefit the processes associated with managing the use of
space within buildings, urban neighbourhoods and cities at the broader scale, as well as infrastructure
networks and facilities. These are referred to here as use cases.
An IDM provides help in getting the full benefit from a BIM. If the required information is available in
the BIM to support a construction process or use case, and the quality of information is satisfactory,
then the process itself will be greatly improved.
For this to happen, there needs to be a common understanding of the processes involved across the
entire life cycle development of a built environment project, including the information that is required
for and results from the execution of that process. This applies to any activity that results in an
exchange of information and may not relate directly to a BIM, e.g. the process to arrive at a work plan or
contractual agreement.
This part of ISO 29481 sets out a methodology for the provision of an integrated reference document
that describes the processes and data required in the development or management of a constructed
facility. It describes how to identify and describe the processes undertaken within that context, the
information required for their execution and the results. This part of ISO 29481 also describes in
general terms how this information can be further detailed to support solutions provided by software
developers, enabling its reuse, and configured to meet national, local and project needs.
In summary, this part of ISO 29481 provides a basis for reliable information exchange/sharing for users
so that they can be confident that the information they are receiving is accurate and sufficient for the
activities they need to perform. The development of this part of ISO 29481 has been driven by the need
of users for reliability in information exchange.
© ISO 2016 – All rights reserved v
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SIST EN ISO 29481-1:2017
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SIST EN ISO 29481-1:2017
INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO 29481-1:2016(E)
Building information models — Information delivery
manual —
Part 1:
Methodology and format
1 Scope
This part of ISO 29481 specifies
— a methodology that links the business processes undertaken during the construction of built
facilities with the specification of information that is required by these processes, and
— a way to map and describe the information processes across the life cycle of construction works.
This part of ISO 29481 is intended to facilitate interoperability between software applications used
during all stages of the life cycle of construction works, including briefing, design, documentation,
construction, operation and maintenance, and demolition. It promotes digital collaboration between
actors in the construction process and provides a basis for accurate, reliable, repeatable and high-
quality information exchange.
2 Normative references
The following documents, in whole or in part, are normatively referenced in this document and are
indispensable for its application. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated
references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies.
ISO 6707-1, Buildings and civil engineering works — Vocabulary — Part 1: General terms
3 Terms and definitions
For the purposes of this document, the terms and definitions given in ISO 6707-1 and the following apply.
3.1
actor
person, organization or organizational unit (such as a department, team, etc.) involved in a
construction process
3.2
building information modelling
BIM
use of a shared digital representation of a built object (including buildings, bridges, roads, process
plants, etc.) to facilitate design, construction and operation processes to form a reliable basis for
decisions
Note 1 to entry: The acronym BIM also stands for the shared digital representation of the physical and functional
characteristics of any construction works.
3.3
BIM software application
software application that is used to create, modify, analyze, manage, publish, share, expire, or otherwise
manipulate elements of a BIM
© ISO 2016 – All rights reserved 1
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SIST EN ISO 29481-1:2017
ISO 29481-1:2016(E)
3.4
business requirement
requirement that describes in business terms what needs to be delivered or accomplished
3.5
information constraint
statement that formally defines or constrains the scope of a piece of information due to some aspect of
the business, a rule under which an organisation operates or a policy or decision that influences a process
3.6
class
type or collection of things that share common attributes
3.7
construction works
everything that is constructed or results from construction operations
[SOURCE: ISO 6707-1:2014, 3.1.1]
Note 1 to entry: This can refer to a building, piece of civil infrastructure (road, bridge, pipeline, etc.) or a
landscape element and is extended to include aggregations of those elements to form an urban precinct, campus,
or other institutional facility.
3.8
construction process
process that uses construction resources to achieve construction results
Note 1 to entry: Each construction process can be split up into its component processes.
3.9
exchange requirement
ER
defined set of information units that needs to be exchanged to support a particular business requirement
at a particular process phase (or phases)/stage (or stages)
3.10
information delivery manual
IDM
documentation which captures the business process and gives detailed specifications of the information
that a user fulfilling a particular role would need to provide at a particular point within a project
Note 1 to entry: This can be referred to as an information delivery specification (IDS).
3.11
IDM components
basic elements that form an IDM: interaction maps/transaction maps, process maps and exchange
requirements
3.12
information unit
individual information item, such as a window identifier or a room depth
3.13
interaction map
representation of the roles and transactions relevant for a defined purpose
3.14
interaction framework
formal description of the elements of interaction, including definition of roles, transactions, messages
in transaction, and data elements in messages
2 © ISO 2016 – All rights reserved
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SIST EN ISO 29481-1:2017
ISO 29481-1:2016(E)
3.15
model
representation of a system that allows for investigation of the properties of the system
3.16
model view definition
MVD
computer-interpretable definition of an exchange requirement, specifically bound to one or more
particular standard information schemas
Note 1 to entry: A model view definition (MVD) is also referred to as a view definition, a subset (of a schema) and
a conformance class (CC) especially in ISO 10303.
3.17
object
part of the perceivable or conceivable world
Note 1 to entry: An object is something mental or physical toward which thought, feeling, or action is directed.
3.18
process map
PM
representation of the relevant characteristics of a process associated with a defined business purpose
3.19
role
functions being performed by an actor at a point in time
Note 1 to entry: The role of an actor is determined by action and outcome and not necessarily by the profession
or trade followed by the actor.
3.20
transaction
communication event that fulfils a relationship between two roles
3.21
transaction map
representation of a set of messages that are exchanged between participating roles for a particular
purpose
4 Information delivery manual
4.1 General
This Clause describes a series of concepts and principles that inform the development of an IDM.
4.2 Users of this part of ISO 29481
The main users are expected to be the IDM developers who create interaction maps, process maps,
exchange requirements and information constraints using knowledge elicited from end users and
solution providers.
In addition, some users of specific IDMs might identify needs for new IDMs and thus become users of
this part of ISO 29481. These users include the following:
— professional IDM-developers and solution providers;
— information users, i.e. executive users and end users concerned with producing the content of the
IDMs and benefiting from the result.
© ISO 2016 – All rights reserved 3
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SIST EN ISO 29481-1:2017
ISO 29481-1:2016(E)
Another group of users will be those who use the documentation that results from the use of the
standard, taking note of the business process and detailed specifications of the information that a
user fulfilling a particular role would need to provide at a particular point within a project. Such users
include the following:
— project manager, responsible for organizing the business process and ensuring that the information
exchange is appropriately managed;
— BIM manager, making the necessary arrangements to support an exchange requirement;
— client, who initiates (develops) and includes an IDM in the contract;
— contractor/consultant, using the IDM to make the necessary arrangements to comply with the
required business process and to comply with the required information delivery;
— business manager, using an IDM as a template or standard to be applied in many projects within its
organization;
— construction organization, using an IDM for a specific project type as a template or standard to be
applied in the sector.
4.3 Business context
Figure 1 shows an example of a business context that requires an IDM: a client (Role 1) engages
a consultant (Role 2) to deliver some service. In such a scenario, there is a need to understand and
formalize both the collaborative and contractual aspects of their relationship and how information will
be delivered within that context. The IDM describes the information requirements associated with all
the transactions (both ways) associated with that relationship. Some of that information will be held
within a BIM, while other may originate from either party or from an external source.
Figure 1 — Example of a simple business context requiring an IDM
The first step in developing an IDM is to consider the nature or context of the information exchange.
There are two ways of looking at that, each with an associated methodology.
— Process maps are most useful when the focus is on the business processes (defined by activities
executed by actors with roles) that need to be followed to deliver a service or produce an end
product (such as a design). In this case, the information that is the focus of the IDM is associated
with a business requirement.
4 © ISO 2016 – All rights reserved
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SIST EN ISO 29481-1:2017
ISO 29481-1:2016(E)
— Interaction maps/transaction maps are most useful within a business process when the focus is on
the interactions between actors with roles who are to deliver a service or product and the concern
is to ensure that agreed communication protocols are in place to ensure that the project goals are
achieved. In this case, the information that is the focus of the IDM is associated with a transaction.
These are complementary approaches and are explained in further detail in later sections. Within a
given business context, it may be appropriate to use both methodologies: process mapping can be used
to clarify the details of a transaction identified in an interaction mapping exercise, while an interaction
map can be used to rigorously understand an information transaction defined in a process map.
4.4 Complete schema
Where the information requirements are satisfied by a BIM, a complete information schema that covers
all of the information required for all actors throughout the construction process will be large and
comprehensive. Such a schema is relevant in defining all of the project information needs for all business
processes at all life cycle stages, but it is not the way that project information is usually delivered.
4.5 Breaking a complete schema to support requirements
It is more usual for information to be exchanged about a particular topic and the level of detail provided
to be driven by the life cycle stage. This may be a single business process at a specific point in the
project life cycle, but commonly consists of information units that may be relevant to more than one
life cycle stage or business processes. This is commonly
...
SLOVENSKI STANDARD
oSIST prEN ISO 29481-1:2017
01-januar-2017
,QIRUPDFLMVNLPRGHOLVWDYE3ULURþQLN]LQIRUPDFLMDPLGHO 0HWRGRORJLMDLQ
REOLND ,62
Building information models - Information delivery manual - Part 1: Methodology and
format (ISO 29481-1:2016)
Bauwerks-Informations-Modelle - Informations-Lieferungs-Handbuch - Teil 1: Methodik
und Format (ISO 29481-1:2016)
Modèles des informations de la construction - Contrat d'interchange - Partie 1:
Méthodologie et format (ISO 29481-1:2016)
Ta slovenski standard je istoveten z: prEN ISO 29481-1
ICS:
35.240.67 Uporabniške rešitve IT v IT applications in building
gradbeništvu and construction industry
91.010.01 Gradbeništvo na splošno Construction industry in
general
oSIST prEN ISO 29481-1:2017 en,fr,de
2003-01.Slovenski inštitut za standardizacijo. Razmnoževanje celote ali delov tega standarda ni dovoljeno.
---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
oSIST prEN ISO 29481-1:2017
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oSIST prEN ISO 29481-1:2017
INTERNATIONAL ISO
STANDARD 29481-1
Second edition
2016-05-01
Building information models —
Information delivery manual —
Part 1:
Methodology and format
Modèles des informations de la construction — Contrat
d’interchange —
Partie 1: Méthodologie et format
Reference number
ISO 29481-1:2016(E)
©
ISO 2016
---------------------- Page: 3 ----------------------
oSIST prEN ISO 29481-1:2017
ISO 29481-1:2016(E)
COPYRIGHT PROTECTED DOCUMENT
© ISO 2016, Published in Switzerland
All rights reserved. Unless otherwise specified, no part of this publication may be reproduced or utilized otherwise in any form
or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying, or posting on the internet or an intranet, without prior
written permission. Permission can be requested from either ISO at the address below or ISO’s member body in the country of
the requester.
ISO copyright office
Ch. de Blandonnet 8 • CP 401
CH-1214 Vernier, Geneva, Switzerland
Tel. +41 22 749 01 11
Fax +41 22 749 09 47
copyright@iso.org
www.iso.org
ii © ISO 2016 – All rights reserved
---------------------- Page: 4 ----------------------
oSIST prEN ISO 29481-1:2017
ISO 29481-1:2016(E)
Contents Page
Foreword .iv
Introduction .v
1 Scope . 1
2 Normative references . 1
3 Terms and definitions . 1
4 Information delivery manual . 3
4.1 General . 3
4.2 Users of this part of ISO 29481 . 3
4.3 Business context . 4
4.4 Complete schema . 5
4.5 Breaking a complete schema to support requirements. 5
4.6 Supporting the building information modelling process . 5
4.7 Supporting the business process . 5
4.8 Supporting the software solution . 6
4.9 Content in the specific IDM . 6
5 IDM Framework . 6
5.1 General . 6
5.2 Basic framework . 8
5.2.1 General. 8
5.2.2 IDM component header information . . 8
5.2.3 IDM component overview. 9
5.3 Interaction map/transaction map . 9
5.4 Process maps . 9
5.5 Exchange requirements .10
5.5.1 General.10
5.5.2 Information units .10
5.5.3 Information constraints .10
5.6 Technical implementation .11
5.6.1 General.11
5.6.2 Implementation of metadata .11
5.6.3 Interaction framework .11
5.6.4 Model view definition (MVD) .11
Annex A (informative) IDM development process .13
Annex B (informative) Examples of simplified IDM components .17
Annex C (informative) Reference life cycle stages .22
Annex D (informative) IDM use of BPMN methods .24
Bibliography .29
© ISO 2016 – All rights reserved iii
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oSIST prEN ISO 29481-1:2017
ISO 29481-1:2016(E)
Foreword
ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards
bodies (ISO member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally carried out
through ISO technical committees. Each member body interested in a subject for which a technical
committee has been established has the right to be represented on that committee. International
organizations, governmental and non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work.
ISO collaborates closely with the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) on all matters of
electrotechnical standardization.
The procedures used to develop this document and those intended for its further maintenance are
described in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 1. In particular the different approval criteria needed for the
different types of ISO documents should be noted. This document was drafted in accordance with the
editorial rules of the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2 (see www.iso.org/directives).
Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of
patent rights. ISO shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. Details of
any patent rights identified during the development of the document will be in the Introduction and/or
on the ISO list of patent declarations received (see www.iso.org/patents).
Any trade name used in this document is information given for the convenience of users and does not
constitute an endorsement.
For an explanation on the meaning of ISO specific terms and expressions related to conformity
assessment, as well as information about ISO’s adherence to the WTO principles in the Technical
Barriers to Trade (TBT) see the following URL: Foreword - Supplementary information
The committee responsible for this document is ISO/TC 59, Buildings and civil engineering works,
Subcommittee SC 13, Organization of information about construction works.
This second edition cancels and replaces the first edition (ISO 29481-1:2010), which has been technically
revised.
ISO 29481 consists of the following parts, under the general title Building information models —
Information delivery manual:
— Part 1: Methodology and format
— Part 2: Interaction framework
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Introduction
This International Standard has undergone a major review in the light of refined approaches to the
development of information delivery manuals and their technical implementation in software readable
forms. It is important to note that these changes do not render existing information delivery manuals
(IDM) invalid.
Building information modelling provides a digital technology for describing and displaying information
required in the planning, design, construction and operation of constructed facilities. Increasingly,
this modelling approach is expanding to encompass all aspects of the built environment, including civil
infrastructure, utilities and public space. These are collectively referred to as construction processes.
This approach to managing information brings together the diverse sets of information used during
the life cycle of the built environment into a common information environment, reducing, and often
eliminating the need for the many types of paper documentation currently in use.
This approach is commonly referred to as building information modelling (BIM; reflecting its initial
application in the architectural domain), while the same acronym is used to refer to the product of the
process, the information model itself, or building information model (BIM).
Though the focus of construction processes described above is on the physical fabric of the built
environment, BIM technology can also benefit the processes associated with managing the use of
space within buildings, urban neighbourhoods and cities at the broader scale, as well as infrastructure
networks and facilities. These are referred to here as use cases.
An IDM provides help in getting the full benefit from a BIM. If the required information is available in
the BIM to support a construction process or use case, and the quality of information is satisfactory,
then the process itself will be greatly improved.
For this to happen, there needs to be a common understanding of the processes involved across the
entire life cycle development of a built environment project, including the information that is required
for and results from the execution of that process. This applies to any activity that results in an
exchange of information and may not relate directly to a BIM, e.g. the process to arrive at a work plan or
contractual agreement.
This part of ISO 29481 sets out a methodology for the provision of an integrated reference document
that describes the processes and data required in the development or management of a constructed
facility. It describes how to identify and describe the processes undertaken within that context, the
information required for their execution and the results. This part of ISO 29481 also describes in
general terms how this information can be further detailed to support solutions provided by software
developers, enabling its reuse, and configured to meet national, local and project needs.
In summary, this part of ISO 29481 provides a basis for reliable information exchange/sharing for users
so that they can be confident that the information they are receiving is accurate and sufficient for the
activities they need to perform. The development of this part of ISO 29481 has been driven by the need
of users for reliability in information exchange.
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INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO 29481-1:2016(E)
Building information models — Information delivery
manual —
Part 1:
Methodology and format
1 Scope
This part of ISO 29481 specifies
— a methodology that links the business processes undertaken during the construction of built
facilities with the specification of information that is required by these processes, and
— a way to map and describe the information processes across the life cycle of construction works.
This part of ISO 29481 is intended to facilitate interoperability between software applications used
during all stages of the life cycle of construction works, including briefing, design, documentation,
construction, operation and maintenance, and demolition. It promotes digital collaboration between
actors in the construction process and provides a basis for accurate, reliable, repeatable and high-
quality information exchange.
2 Normative references
The following documents, in whole or in part, are normatively referenced in this document and are
indispensable for its application. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated
references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies.
ISO 6707-1, Buildings and civil engineering works — Vocabulary — Part 1: General terms
3 Terms and definitions
For the purposes of this document, the terms and definitions given in ISO 6707-1 and the following apply.
3.1
actor
person, organization or organizational unit (such as a department, team, etc.) involved in a
construction process
3.2
building information modelling
BIM
use of a shared digital representation of a built object (including buildings, bridges, roads, process
plants, etc.) to facilitate design, construction and operation processes to form a reliable basis for
decisions
Note 1 to entry: The acronym BIM also stands for the shared digital representation of the physical and functional
characteristics of any construction works.
3.3
BIM software application
software application that is used to create, modify, analyze, manage, publish, share, expire, or otherwise
manipulate elements of a BIM
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3.4
business requirement
requirement that describes in business terms what needs to be delivered or accomplished
3.5
information constraint
statement that formally defines or constrains the scope of a piece of information due to some aspect of
the business, a rule under which an organisation operates or a policy or decision that influences a process
3.6
class
type or collection of things that share common attributes
3.7
construction works
everything that is constructed or results from construction operations
[SOURCE: ISO 6707-1:2014, 3.1.1]
Note 1 to entry: This can refer to a building, piece of civil infrastructure (road, bridge, pipeline, etc.) or a
landscape element and is extended to include aggregations of those elements to form an urban precinct, campus,
or other institutional facility.
3.8
construction process
process that uses construction resources to achieve construction results
Note 1 to entry: Each construction process can be split up into its component processes.
3.9
exchange requirement
ER
defined set of information units that needs to be exchanged to support a particular business requirement
at a particular process phase (or phases)/stage (or stages)
3.10
information delivery manual
IDM
documentation which captures the business process and gives detailed specifications of the information
that a user fulfilling a particular role would need to provide at a particular point within a project
Note 1 to entry: This can be referred to as an information delivery specification (IDS).
3.11
IDM components
basic elements that form an IDM: interaction maps/transaction maps, process maps and exchange
requirements
3.12
information unit
individual information item, such as a window identifier or a room depth
3.13
interaction map
representation of the roles and transactions relevant for a defined purpose
3.14
interaction framework
formal description of the elements of interaction, including definition of roles, transactions, messages
in transaction, and data elements in messages
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3.15
model
representation of a system that allows for investigation of the properties of the system
3.16
model view definition
MVD
computer-interpretable definition of an exchange requirement, specifically bound to one or more
particular standard information schemas
Note 1 to entry: A model view definition (MVD) is also referred to as a view definition, a subset (of a schema) and
a conformance class (CC) especially in ISO 10303.
3.17
object
part of the perceivable or conceivable world
Note 1 to entry: An object is something mental or physical toward which thought, feeling, or action is directed.
3.18
process map
PM
representation of the relevant characteristics of a process associated with a defined business purpose
3.19
role
functions being performed by an actor at a point in time
Note 1 to entry: The role of an actor is determined by action and outcome and not necessarily by the profession
or trade followed by the actor.
3.20
transaction
communication event that fulfils a relationship between two roles
3.21
transaction map
representation of a set of messages that are exchanged between participating roles for a particular
purpose
4 Information delivery manual
4.1 General
This Clause describes a series of concepts and principles that inform the development of an IDM.
4.2 Users of this part of ISO 29481
The main users are expected to be the IDM developers who create interaction maps, process maps,
exchange requirements and information constraints using knowledge elicited from end users and
solution providers.
In addition, some users of specific IDMs might identify needs for new IDMs and thus become users of
this part of ISO 29481. These users include the following:
— professional IDM-developers and solution providers;
— information users, i.e. executive users and end users concerned with producing the content of the
IDMs and benefiting from the result.
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Another group of users will be those who use the documentation that results from the use of the
standard, taking note of the business process and detailed specifications of the information that a
user fulfilling a particular role would need to provide at a particular point within a project. Such users
include the following:
— project manager, responsible for organizing the business process and ensuring that the information
exchange is appropriately managed;
— BIM manager, making the necessary arrangements to support an exchange requirement;
— client, who initiates (develops) and includes an IDM in the contract;
— contractor/consultant, using the IDM to make the necessary arrangements to comply with the
required business process and to comply with the required information delivery;
— business manager, using an IDM as a template or standard to be applied in many projects within its
organization;
— construction organization, using an IDM for a specific project type as a template or standard to be
applied in the sector.
4.3 Business context
Figure 1 shows an example of a business context that requires an IDM: a client (Role 1) engages
a consultant (Role 2) to deliver some service. In such a scenario, there is a need to understand and
formalize both the collaborative and contractual aspects of their relationship and how information will
be delivered within that context. The IDM describes the information requirements associated with all
the transactions (both ways) associated with that relationship. Some of that information will be held
within a BIM, while other may originate from either party or from an external source.
Figure 1 — Example of a simple business context requiring an IDM
The first step in developing an IDM is to consider the nature or context of the information exchange.
There are two ways of looking at that, each with an associated methodology.
— Process maps are most useful when the focus is on the business processes (defined by activities
executed by actors with roles) that need to be followed to deliver a service or produce an end
product (such as a design). In this case, the information that is the focus of the IDM is associated
with a business requirement.
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— Interaction maps/transaction maps are most useful within a business process when the focus is on
the interactions between actors with roles who are to deliver a service or product and the concern
is to ensure that agreed communication protocols are in place to ensure that the project goals are
achieved. In this case, the information that is the focus of the IDM is associated with a transaction.
These are complementary approaches and are explained in further detail in later sections. Within a
given business context, it may be appropriate to use both methodologies: process mapping can be used
to clarify the details of a transaction identified in an interaction mapping exercise, while an interaction
map can be used to rigorously understand an information transaction defined in a process map.
4.4 Complete schema
Where the information requirements are satisfied by a BIM, a complete information schema that covers
all of the information required for all actors throughout the construction process will be large and
comprehensive. Such a schema is relevant in defining all of the project information needs for all business
processes at all life cycle stages, but it is not the way that project information is usually delivered.
4.5 Breaking a complete schema to support requirements
It is more usual for information to be exchanged about a particular topic and the level of detail provided
to be driven by the life cycle stage. This may be a single business process at a specific point in the
project life cycle, but commonly consists of information units that may be relevant to more than one
life cycle stage or business processes. This is commonly referred to as a model view and is a matter of
deciding which components of the information schema should be used to meet requirements.
4.6 Supporting the building information modelling process
Elements of the overall information schema are used in a building information model (see Figure 2).
For a particular business process, only certain classes of information are required. Multiple objects are
derived from each class, each object having an identity (determined by a unique identifier) and a state
(determined by the values given to each attribute of the object). The classes that support the business
process form a unique and identifiable standard schema or model view.
Figure 2 — Supporting the BIM process
4.7 Supporting the business process
To do this means that the set of information required to be exchanged to support a particular business
process or interaction in the relevant life cycle stages (within a business process) shall be established.
This is termed an exchange requirement.
An exchange requirement provides a description of the information to be exchanged in non-technical
terms. An exchange requirement may support the communication of object information enabling
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the construction and operation of a project or it may support the communication of management
information that controls the project execution.
4.8 Supporting the software solution
Moving from the defined exchange requirement to a software implementation provided by a solution
provider involves the development of a model view definition (MVD). This approach supersedes the
need to implement functional parts as defined in earlier versions of this International Standard.
4.9 Content in the specific IDM
The content in a specific IDM shall
— describe the need for information exchange within the business context,
— identify the actors sending and receiving information,
— define, specify and describe the information being exchanged to satisfy the requirements at each
point within the business context,
— ensure that definitions, specifications and descriptions are provided in a form that is useful and
easily understood,
— create detailed specifications of the information captured within exchange requirements to
facilitate the development of BIM software applications, and
— ensure that the information specifications can be made relevant to local working practices.
Guidance for development of content and the approach to follow is given in Annex A.
5 IDM Framework
5.1 General
An information delivery manual comprises (Figure 3) the following:
— an interaction map/transaction map and/or a process map;
— one or more exchange requirements.
The interaction map defines the roles involved and the transactions between roles. For each defined
transaction, one role is initiator while another is executor. The corresponding transaction map defines
the messages in a transaction and the rules that apply on the sequence of execution.
The process map shows a swim lane for each role and defines within the lane the relevant sequence of
activities to be executed by that role. Activities undertaken by different roles may have relations that
require an exchange of information in the form of a message. Such messages correspond to a message in
a transaction shown in a transaction map.
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Figure 3 — IDM basic framework
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Some messages can carry a package of BIM information, giving rise to the need to define an exchange
requirement.
An exchange requirement comprises a comprehensive description of the information that shall be
included in a BIM that is associated with a mess
...
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