SIST EN ISO 4375:2015
(Main)Hydrometric determinations - Cableway systems for stream gauging (ISO 4375:2014)
Hydrometric determinations - Cableway systems for stream gauging (ISO 4375:2014)
This International Standard defines the requirements for equipment, anchorage, supports and
accessories for cableway systems for use in stream gauging. Systems which are operated either entirely
from the river bank or from a suspended personnel carriage (also called a “cable car”) are discussed.
This International Standard is only applicable to the cableway systems to be used for hydrometric
measurements. Should the cableway installation be required to be certified as lifting equipment, other
standards or regulations may apply. This International Standard does not concern methods for making
a discharge measurement which are described in ISO 748.
Hydrometrische Messungen - Seilkrananlagen für Messungen in Fließgewässern (ISO 4375:2014)
Diese Internationale Norm legt Anforderungen an Ausrüstung, Verankerung, Masten und Zubehörteile für Seilkrananlagen fest, die für Messungen in Fließgewässern verwendet werden. Sie beschreibt Seilkrananlagen, bei denen sich die Bedienperson entweder am Ufer oder in einem für Personen zugelassenen Laufwagen (Seilkrananlagenkabine) befindet. Diese Norm ist nur für Seilkrananlagen anwendbar, die für hydrometrische Messungen eingesetzt werden. Abflussmessverfahren werden nicht in dieser Internationalen Norm, sondern in ISO 748 behandelt.
Déterminations hydrométriques - Systèmes de suspension par câbles aériens pour le jaugeage en rivière (ISO 4375:2014)
ISO 4375:2014 définit les exigences applicables aux équipements, points d'ancrage, supports et accessoires destinés à des systèmes de suspension par câbles aériens pour le jaugeage en rivière. La présente Norme internationale couvre aussi bien les systèmes entièrement mis en oeuvre depuis la berge d'un fleuve que les systèmes mis en oeuvre à partir d'un chariot suspendu pour le personnel (également appelé «télécabine»). La présente Norme internationale couvre uniquement les systèmes de téléphérique utilisés pour réaliser des mesurages hydrométriques. Si l'installation du téléphérique est nécessaire pour être certifiée comme équipement de levage, d'autres normes ou régulations peuvent s'appliquer. La présente Norme internationale ne couvre pas les modes opératoires permettant un mesurage du débit, décrits dans l'ISO 748.
Hidrometrične določbe - Žičniški sistemi za merjenje toka (ISO 4375:2014)
Ta mednarodni standard določa zahteve glede opreme, pritrdišča, podpore in dodatne opreme za žičniške sisteme za uporabo pri merjenju toka. Obravnavani so sistemi, ki se v celoti upravljajo
z rečnega brega ali iz viseče kabine za osebje (z drugim imenom »žičnica«).
Ta mednarodni standard obravnava le žičniške sisteme, ki bodo uporabljeni za hidrometrične meritve. Če naj bi bila žičnica certificirana kot oprema za dviganje, lahko
veljajo drugi standardi ali predpisi. Ta mednarodni standard ne zajema metod za
merjenje izpusta, ki so opisane v standardu ISO 748.
General Information
Relations
Standards Content (Sample)
SLOVENSKI STANDARD
SIST EN ISO 4375:2015
01-februar-2015
1DGRPHãþD
SIST EN ISO 4375:2004
+LGURPHWULþQHGRORþEHäLþQLãNLVLVWHPL]DPHUMHQMHWRND ,62
Hydrometric determinations - Cableway systems for stream gauging (ISO 4375:2014)
Hydrometrische Messungen - Seilkrananlagen für Messungen in Fließgewässern (ISO
4375:2014)
Déterminations hydrométriques - Systèmes de suspension par câbles aériens pour le
jaugeage en rivière (ISO 4375:2014)
Ta slovenski standard je istoveten z: EN ISO 4375:2014
ICS:
17.120.20 Pretok v odprtih kanalih Flow in open channels
SIST EN ISO 4375:2015 en
2003-01.Slovenski inštitut za standardizacijo. Razmnoževanje celote ali delov tega standarda ni dovoljeno.
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SIST EN ISO 4375:2015
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SIST EN ISO 4375:2015
EUROPEAN STANDARD
EN ISO 4375
NORME EUROPÉENNE
EUROPÄISCHE NORM
November 2014
ICS 17.120.20 Supersedes EN ISO 4375:2004
English Version
Hydrometry - Cableway systems for stream gauging (ISO
4375:2014)
Hydrométrie - Systèmes de suspension par câbles aériens Hydrometrische Messungen - Seilkrananlagen für
pour le jaugeage en rivière (ISO 4375:2014) Messungen in Fließgewässern (ISO 4375:2014)
This European Standard was approved by CEN on 20 September 2014.
CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this European
Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references concerning such national
standards may be obtained on application to the CEN-CENELEC Management Centre or to any CEN member.
This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by translation
under the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the CEN-CENELEC Management Centre has the same
status as the official versions.
CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia,
Finland, Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania,
Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey and United
Kingdom.
EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATION
COMITÉ EUROPÉEN DE NORMALISATION
EUROPÄISCHES KOMITEE FÜR NORMUNG
CEN-CENELEC Management Centre: Avenue Marnix 17, B-1000 Brussels
© 2014 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved Ref. No. EN ISO 4375:2014 E
worldwide for CEN national Members.
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SIST EN ISO 4375:2015
EN ISO 4375:2014 (E)
Contents Page
Foreword .3
2
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SIST EN ISO 4375:2015
EN ISO 4375:2014 (E)
Foreword
This document (EN ISO 4375:2014) has been prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 113 “Hydrometry” in
collaboration with Technical Committee CEN/TC 318 “Hydrometry” the secretariat of which is held by BSI.
This European Standard shall be given the status of a national standard, either by publication of an identical
text or by endorsement, at the latest by May 2015, and conflicting national standards shall be withdrawn at the
latest by May 2015.
Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent
rights. CEN [and/or CENELEC] shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights.
This document supersedes EN ISO 4375:2004.
According to the CEN-CENELEC Internal Regulations, the national standards organizations of the following
countries are bound to implement this European Standard: Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech
Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia, France, Germany, Greece,
Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal,
Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey and the United Kingdom.
Endorsement notice
The text of ISO 4375:2014 has been approved by CEN as EN ISO 4375:2014 without any modification.
3
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SIST EN ISO 4375:2015
INTERNATIONAL ISO
STANDARD 4375
Third edition
2014-11-15
Hydrometry — Cableway systems for
stream gauging
Hydrométrie — Systèmes de suspension par câbles aériens pour le
jaugeage en rivière
Reference number
ISO 4375:2014(E)
©
ISO 2014
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SIST EN ISO 4375:2015
ISO 4375:2014(E)
COPYRIGHT PROTECTED DOCUMENT
© ISO 2014
All rights reserved. Unless otherwise specified, no part of this publication may be reproduced or utilized otherwise in any form
or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying, or posting on the internet or an intranet, without prior
written permission. Permission can be requested from either ISO at the address below or ISO’s member body in the country of
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Published in Switzerland
ii © ISO 2014 – All rights reserved
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SIST EN ISO 4375:2015
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Contents Page
Foreword .iv
1 Scope . 1
2 Normative references . 1
3 Terms and definitions . 1
4 General description of a cableway system . 1
4.1 Elements of a cableway system . 1
4.2 Cableway supports . 3
4.3 Main track or main cable . 3
4.4 Anchorage . 3
4.5 Tow cable for a bankside system . 3
4.6 Suspension cable . 3
4.7 Instrument carriage for a bankside system . 4
4.8 Personnel carriage . 4
4.9 Winch arrangements for a bankside system . 4
4.10 Winch arrangements for a personnel carriage . 4
4.11 Lightning protection. 4
5 Functional requirements of cableway components . 4
5.1 Safety factors . 4
5.2 Cableway supports . 5
5.3 Selection of main cable or track . 6
5.4 Anchorage . 6
5.5 Backstays . . 6
5.6 Tow cable . 6
5.7 Carriages. 6
5.8 Winches . 7
6 Maintenance, examination and testing . 9
6.1 General examination . 9
6.2 Routine inspection . 9
6.3 Static testing . 9
6.4 Lubrication .10
6.5 Checking the sag .10
Annex A (informative) Cableway characteristics .11
Annex B (informative) Limiting main cable tension in bankside cableways .22
Bibliography .24
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SIST EN ISO 4375:2015
ISO 4375:2014(E)
Foreword
ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards
bodies (ISO member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally carried out
through ISO technical committees. Each member body interested in a subject for which a technical
committee has been established has the right to be represented on that committee. International
organizations, governmental and non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work.
ISO collaborates closely with the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) on all matters of
electrotechnical standardization.
The procedures used to develop this document and those intended for its further maintenance are
described in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 1. In particular the different approval criteria needed for the
different types of ISO documents should be noted. This document was drafted in accordance with the
editorial rules of the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2. www.iso.org/directives
Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of
patent rights. ISO shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. Details of any
patent rights identified during the development of the document will be in the Introduction and/or on
the ISO list of patent declarations received. www.iso.org/patents
Any trade name used in this document is information given for the convenience of users and does not
constitute an endorsement.
For an explanation on the meaning of ISO specific terms and expressions related to conformity
assessment, as well as information about ISO’s adherence to the WTO principles in the Technical Barriers
to Trade (TBT), see the following URL: Foreword - Supplementary information
The committee responsible for this document is ISO/TC 113, Hydrometric determinations, Subcommittee
SC 5, Instruments, equipment and data management.
This third edition cancels and replaces the second edition (ISO 4375:2000), which has been technically
revised.
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SIST EN ISO 4375:2015
INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO 4375:2014(E)
Hydrometry — Cableway systems for stream gauging
1 Scope
This International Standard defines the requirements for equipment, anchorage, supports and
accessories for cableway systems for use in stream gauging. Systems which are operated either entirely
from the river bank or from a suspended personnel carriage (also called a “cable car”) are discussed.
This International Standard is only applicable to the cableway systems to be used for hydrometric
measurements. Should the cableway installation be required to be certified as lifting equipment, other
standards or regulations may apply. This International Standard does not concern methods for making
a discharge measurement which are described in ISO 748.
2 Normative references
The following documents, in whole or in part, are normatively referenced in this document and are
indispensable for its application. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated
references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies.
ISO 772, Hydrometry — Vocabulary and symbols
ISO 80000-4, Quantities and units — Part 4: Mechanics
3 Terms and definitions
For the purposes of this document, the terms and definitions given in ISO 772, ISO 80000-4 and the
following apply.
3.1
cable
wire rope of simple or complex structure or wire cord, fixed or moving in a cableway system
4 General description of a cableway system
4.1 Elements of a cableway system
A cableway system can be designed to be operated from the river bank (see Figures 1 and 2) or be
designed to be operated from a suspended personnel carriage (see Figure 3). The general arrangement
of the following elements are common to both systems:
a) towers or cableway supports;
b) track or main cable;
c) anchorage;
d) backstays;
e) suspension cable.
The main differences are:
— the carriage of a bankside system requires a tow cable;
— a bankside system requires a more complicated winch arrangement;
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SIST EN ISO 4375:2015
ISO 4375:2014(E)
— the personnel carriage has to provide a safe platform for the operator;
— more stringent design requirements may apply to a system which employs a personnel carriage.
Key
1 backstay 7 distance measurement
2 traversing cable return pulley 8 depth measurement
3 track or main cable 9 cable drum
4 traveller and/or instrument 10 footing
carriage
5 current meter 11 ground level
6 sinker or sounding weight
Figure 1 — Cableway system — Bankside operation, with loop-traversing cable and spooled
sounding cable
Key
1 track or main cable 4 footing
2 suspension cable 5 ground level
3 tow cable
Figure 2 — Cableway system — Bankside operation, with spooled tow cable and spooled
sounding cable
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Key
1 tower 7 to anchorage
2 suspension cable 8 stayline
3 personnel carriage 9 footing
4 track or main cable 10 anchorage
5 current meter 11 ground level
6 sounding weight
Figure 3 — Cableway system — Suspended personnel carriage
4.2 Cableway supports
The cableway supports, one on each bank, support the main cable span across the stream. They may
also provide mountings for the winch and the pulleys (sheaves) carrying the tow and suspension cables.
4.3 Main track or main cable
The track or main cable is designed to carry the whole suspended load. The track may be attached
directly to stayed cableway supports or be supported on saddles on the cableway supports and led
directly to an anchorage.
4.4 Anchorage
Anchorages are required to carry the loads induced in the cableway and tower system. Depending upon
the design of the system, they may be anchorage points for track and backstays or guy-lines, tower
foundations subject to compression or tower foundations subject to compression and moment.
4.5 Tow cable for a bankside system
The tow cable is required to move and position the instrument carriage. Generally the tow cable is
arranged as an endless loop from the instrument carriage over guiding sheaves on the winch tower,
round a driving pulley or drum, across to an idler pulley (sheave) on the tower on the opposite bank
and back to the carriage (see Figure 1). An alternate arrangement uses a spooled tow cable with a single
fixing point on the carriage. This arrangement depends upon the equal and opposite force provided by
the suspension cable (see Figure 2).
4.6 Suspension cable
The suspension cable provides the means of raising and lowering sensing or sampling equipment in the
stream. The free end of the cable is fitted with connectors to attach equipment and sounding weights.
The suspension cable is likely to contain an insulated conducting core to provide a signal path from
suspended instruments.
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4.7 Instrument carriage for a bankside system
The instrument carriage is provided with one or more track wheels running on the main cable (track), a
pulley to support the suspension cable and a point of attachment for the tow (traveller) cable.
4.8 Personnel carriage
The carriage from which gauging observations are made, travels along the main cable. It is suspended
from track wheels running on the main cable. The carriage may be moved along the main cable manually
or by a power unit. The carriage can be designed to be operated from either the standing or sitting
position or both. A cableway employing a personnel carriage shall comply with the safety requirements
for passenger cableways where such standards exist specially for horizontal fixed cableways, in all
aspects not covered by this International Standard.
4.9 Winch arrangements for a bankside system
A double drum winch is one that provides both traversing and sounding functions within one piece of
equipment. One drum controls the suspension cable, the other controls the movement of the carriage.
The latter may be a spooling drum or take the form of a friction drive pulley driving an “endless” loop.
Both drums may be driven simultaneously in traversing mode or, in sounding mode, the traversing
drum may be locked to allow operation of the suspension cable drum only. This operation may also be
carried out using two single drum winches. Measuring counters may be fitted to record horizontal and
vertical cable movement.
4.10 Winch arrangements for a personnel carriage
A winch (sounding reel) is attached to the carriage (cable car) to raise and lower the sounding weight.
The winch is required to operate properly under the load of the sounding weight but both the winch
and its mountings should be capable of accommodating the breaking load of the suspension cable with a
factor of safety (FoS) of two. The winch may be hand operated or power driven.
4.11 Lightning protection
In areas where electrical storms are considered a risk to cableway operators, provision shall be made
to reduce the likelihood of injury from a lightning strike on the cableway system. In countries where
lightning is infrequent and lightning protection not considered necessary, work instructions should
allow for abandonment of operations in the event of an electrical storm.
5 Functional requirements of cableway components
5.1 Safety factors
5.1.1 General
Factors of safety shall be applied to ensure that the equipment is able to cope with normal working
without failure and to protect the operator in case of abnormal but foreseeable incidents.
The most likely risk of failure of properly maintained cableway systems lies with the possibility of the
suspended equipment becoming caught up on a large floating object. Trees being carried down in a
flood are the most likely source of this danger. The excess loading is applied to the system through the
suspension cable. In a bankside system, the tension in this cable is equal to, and balanced by, the tension
in the “return” side of the tow cable. In both bankside systems and systems with personnel carriages,
the load in the suspension cable is also applied to the main cable (track) through the carriage.
For both arrangements, the FoS for normal working shall be achieved by specifying the suspension cable
in relation to a maximum working load. The specification of all other cables shall be with respect to the
breaking load of the specified suspension cable.
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5.1.2 Suspension cable
The suspension cable shall be selected to provide a minimum FoS of 5 in relation to the maximum
authorized suspended load. The maximum authorized suspended load is the sum of the maximum
authorized sounding weight plus an allowance for the mass of sensing/sampling equipment.
5.1.3 Tow cable
The tow (traversing) cable shall be selected to provide a FoS of 1,25 with respect to the breaking load of
the suspension cable.
5.1.4 Track cable
The track cable shall be selected to provide a FoS, with respect to the breaking load of the suspension
cable, as follows:
a) bankside cableway system with instrument carriage: 2
b) cableway with suspended personnel carriage: 5
5.1.5 Marking
Cableways shall be clearly marked to indicate maximum authorized sounding weights and approved
suspension cable specification. At an established site, the use of a suspension cable with a breaking load
greater than specified at an established site reduces the FoS with respect to the track cable.
5.2 Cableway supports
5.2.1 Approaches
A safe and convenient approach should be available throughout the year on both banks so that personnel
may have easy access to the installation for inspection and operation. It is recognized that access to the
far bank may not always be possible in difficult terrain. If this is the case, it should be recognized in the
operation procedures for that site.
5.2.2 Design load
The cableway supports shall be designed to withstand the breaking load of the track cable selected
plus allowance for relevant wind loading. Attention shall be paid to lateral loading as a consequence
of drag on the suspended load and allowance made for the extreme condition as the suspension cable
approaches breaking point.
5.2.3 Foundation placement
The foundation of the tower should extend from below the frost line to at least 300 mm above ground
level. The size and design of the foundation is dependent on soil conditions and is beyond the scope of
this International Standard.
5.2.4 Height
The height of the cableway support shall be such that all parts of the equipment, suspended from the
centre of the span, shall be at least 1m above the highest flood level to be measured, but at no time
present a hazard to navigation or wildlife. Consideration should also be given to marking the cableway
in areas where canoes and aircraft are used in its vicinity. In certain localities, high structures may be
governed by regulations requiring the provision of aircraft warning markers or warning lights on the
track cable.
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ISO 4375:2014(E)
5.2.5 Corrosion protection
Materials used in the construction of cableway supports shall be protected against corrosion.
5.3 Selection of main cable or track
The main cable shall be corrosion resistant. Wire rope may be used for spans up to 300 m. For longer
spans it may be necessary to use special cables. Guidance on selecting cable sizes is given in Annex A.
5.4 Anchorage
5.4.1 Design
Anchorages shall be designed, in accordance with standard engineering practice, to withstand such
forces as may be induced upon them at the point of failure of the main cable.
5.4.2 Inspection accessibility
The point at which a cable is attached to an anchorage shall be so placed that it can be easily inspected.
5.5 Backstays
Backstays provided as part of the tower design shall be of corrosion-resistant steel and be able to
withstand the forces developed at the point of failure of the main cable.
5.6 Tow cable
Provision shall be made to be able to adjust the tension in a tow cable configured as an endless circuit.
The adjuster should be accessible to the operator to allow adjustments to the tension before each use of
the cableway.
5.7 Carriages
5.7.1 Instrument carriage for a bankside system
5.7.1.1 Carriage track wheels
The permissible bending radius of the track cable shall be taken into account in the design of the
carriage. This is usually expressed as a multiple of the rope diameter and should be obtained from the
rope manufacturer. Where an instrument carriage has more than one track wheel, the design should
ensure that the load is distributed equally to each track wheel. Traditional symmetrical triangular
designs should be considered to transmit the whole load through a single track wheel.
5.7.1.2 Load requirements
The carriage shall be capable of withstanding a load equivalent to the breaking load of the suspension
cable.
5.7.1.3 Carriage design considerations
It shall be simple in design, be designed to be captive on the track and effectively retain the sounding
cable in the operational position. It shall be corrosion resistant.
5.7.1.4 Carriage operational requirement
It shall permit the operation of equipment without hindrance.
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5.7.2 Personnel carriage
5.7.2.1 Design
The carriage (cable car) can be designed to be operated and used
a) in a standing position; or
b) in a sitting position.
The number of personnel permitted to occupy the carriage shall be clearly indicated on the installation
together with the maximum mass of survey equipment and the maximum sounding weight permitted.
The materials used in construction should be suitable for operation in the extremes of temperature. This
is particularly important in seats and panels which may come into contact with operating personnel.
The carriage shall be designed to withstand the breaking load of the suspension cable together with
the specified maximum loaded capacity of the carriage, excluding the sounding weight, with a FoS of 2.
5.7.2.2 Brake
The carriage shall be provided with a brake or holding device to secure it in any desired position on the
main cable for the purpose of taking measurements.
5.8 Winches
5.8.1 General
5.8.1.1 Brake
The winch shall be fitted with a load-activated brake so as to hold the suspended load and stop the
handle from rotating when the winch handle is released in any mode of operation.
5.8.1.2 Locking device
The winch shall be provided with a locking device for the purpose of holding suspended instruments at
a desired depth, in steps not greater than 20 mm. This locking device may also be the brake specified in
5.8.1.1.
5.8.1.3 Cable spooling
The winch shall be designed so as to provide even spooling of
...
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