SIST EN ISO 19127:2026

• Abstract:

  This document defines the structure, governance and management of the ISO Geodetic Register, in accordance with ISO 19135. This document also identifies the data elements applicable to geodetic referencing by coordinates, in accordance with ISO 19111.

• Status: Published
• Public Enquiry End Date: 18-Sep-2025
• Publication Date: 12-Oct-2026
• ICS: 07.040 - Astronomy. Geodesy. Geography
• ICS: 35.240.70 - IT applications in science
• Technical Committee: GIG - Geographic information
• Current Stage: 6060 - National Implementation/Publication (Adopted Project)
• Start Date: 24-Aug-2026
• Due Date: 29-Oct-2026
• Completion Date: 13-Oct-2026
• Ref Project: EN ISO 19127:2026 - Geographic information - Geodetic register (ISO 19127:2026)

SIST EN ISO 19127:2026 is a SIST standard for the ISO Geodetic Register. SIST EN ISO 19127:2026 specifies the register structure, governance and management, and identifies the data elements used for geodetic referencing by coordinates. It is aimed at people who need to define, manage, publish or use geodetic coordinate reference systems and coordinate operations.

What does SIST EN ISO 19127:2026 specify?

SIST EN ISO 19127:2026 defines how the ISO Geodetic Register is organized and governed, and what data the register must contain for geodetic referencing by coordinates. The document ties that work to ISO 19135 for register governance and to ISO 19111 for coordinate reference system content.

The standard is organized around the register itself, its public access model, its roles and processes, and the detailed content model for registered items. The annexes add the test suite, the full content tables, practical guidance, and metadata.

Annex	What it covers
Annex A	Abstract test suite for management roles, governance processes, content requirements and publication
Annex B	Normative ISO Geodetic Register content, with Tables B.1 to B.22
Annex C	Informative best practices for register content and conventions
Annex D	Informative metadata for the dataset and the register system

What are the key requirements of SIST EN ISO 19127:2026?

SIST EN ISO 19127:2026 is a controlled public register, not just a list of names. Its key requirements define who manages it, how entries are approved, what data each item must carry, and how the register is exported.

• Clause 4 says conformance is checked against the conditions in Annex A. In practice, an implementation has to pass the abstract test suite for roles, governance, content and publication.
• Clause 6 makes the ISO Geodetic Register publicly accessible and read-only. In practice, users can view and use the register, but changes go through the formal proposal process.
• Clause 7 defines the roles of register owner, register manager, control body, register system manager, proposer and register user. This matters because the standard separates policy, content management, system operation and public use.
• Clause 8 defines proposal, approval, appeal and content management processes. Proposals may add, modify or retire register items, and accepted changes can create new major or minor versions, redactions, status changes or relationship changes.
• Clause 9 requires persistent identifiers, unique registration identifiers, change history and directional relationships with time intervals. In practice, that preserves traceability when a CRS, datum or operation is updated.
• Clause 10 and Annex B define the register content. The register must carry the required identifiers, names, datums, coordinate systems, coordinate operations, usage, scope, extent and source citations, so entries are complete enough to be reused without guesswork.
• Clause 10 also fixes several geodetic conventions, including unique naming, open or closed standardization choices, axis direction rules, sexagesimal degree storage, ellipsoid definition by semi-major axis and inverse flattening, and export in well-known text (WKT). These points matter because they reduce ambiguity when data is exchanged between systems.

What does the content model require in practice?

SIST EN ISO 19127:2026 requires clear links between CRS items and their parts. For example, geodetic, geographic, vertical, projected and compound CRSs are defined with their base CRS, datum, coordinate system and usage.

The register also has to record coordinate operations with their source CRS, target CRS, version, accuracy, method, parameters and parameter units. That lets users see not only how a transformation works, but also where it applies and how precise it is.

What terms does SIST EN ISO 19127:2026 define?

SIST EN ISO 19127:2026 uses geodetic terms in the sense of ISO 19111 and ISO/DIS 19135. These are the terms that matter most for reading the register.

• Coordinate reference system (CRS) - A CRS combines a datum and a coordinate system so coordinates can be interpreted in a defined way.
• Datum - A datum is the reference frame that anchors a coordinate system to the Earth, including geodetic, dynamic geodetic, vertical and dynamic vertical forms.
• Coordinate system - A coordinate system is the ordered set of axes, directions and units used to describe coordinates.
• Coordinate operation - A coordinate operation is a conversion, transformation or point motion operation that changes coordinates or coordinate epoch.
• Coordinate operation method - This is the algorithm or procedure used to perform a coordinate operation.
• Usage - Usage is the pairing of a scope statement with an extent description.
• Extent - Extent is the area or timeframe in which a geodetic element is valid.
• Unit of measure (UoM) - A UoM is the named unit used for an axis or parameter, with a defined conversion to the SI standard unit or to unity for scale.

Who uses SIST EN ISO 19127:2026?

SIST EN ISO 19127:2026 is used by ISO/TC 211 as the register owner, by the register manager and control body who run the approval process, and by the register system manager who operates the information system. It also applies to proposers, which the document describes as organizations and/or persons responsible for defining and maintaining geodetic parameters.

Public users use the register to identify and apply geodetic coordinate reference systems, coordinate operations and related data elements. In practice, that includes national mapping organizations, spatial data infrastructure teams, GIS and database integrators, and survey and mapping professionals who need authoritative coordinate definitions.

Which standards are used with SIST EN ISO 19127:2026?

SIST EN ISO 19127:2026 relies on several dated references that supply the surrounding model and governance rules.

• ISO 19111:2019 - provides the coordinate referencing model used for CRSs, datums, coordinate systems and coordinate operations.
• ISO 19115-1:2014 - provides the metadata concepts used for scope, extent and source citation.
• ISO 19162:2019 - provides well-known text (WKT), which the register uses for data export.
• ISO/DIS 19135 - provides the register governance framework, including roles, proposal handling, appeal handling and conformance classes.
• ISO 19127:2019 - is cited as a dated reference in the normative references.

What does the SIST EN ISO 19127:2026 document contain?

SIST EN ISO 19127:2026 contains the register rules plus a detailed content model. Annex B is the main technical part, with Tables B.1 to B.22 covering geodetic CRS, derived CRS, projected CRS, vertical CRS, compound CRS, datums, ellipsoids, prime meridians, conventional reference systems, datum ensembles, coordinate systems, axes, units of measure, coordinate operations, methods, parameters, concatenated operations, usage, scope, extent and source citations.

Annex A provides the abstract test suite used to check management, governance, content and publication. Annex C explains the practical conventions behind the register, including open and closed standardization, degree representation, axis direction, ellipsoid parameters, transformation versioning, and an example of a grid lookup table transformation. Annex D gives metadata for the dataset and the register system, including content summary, purpose, distribution, ownership and contact information.

SLOVENSKI STANDARD
01-november-2026
Geografske informacije - Geodetski register (ISO 19127:2026)
Geographic information - Geodetic register (ISO 19127:2026)
Geoinformation - Geodätische Register (ISO 19127:2026)
Information géographique - Registre géodésique (ISO 19127:2026)
Ta slovenski standard je istoveten z: EN ISO 19127:2026
ICS:
07.040 Astronomija. Geodezija. Astronomy. Geodesy.
Geografija Geography
35.240.70 Uporabniške rešitve IT v IT applications in science
znanosti
2003-01.Slovenski inštitut za standardizacijo. Razmnoževanje celote ali delov tega standarda ni dovoljeno.

EN ISO 19127
EUROPEAN STANDARD
NORME EUROPÉENNE
August 2026
EUROPÄISCHE NORM
ICS 07.040; 35.240.70
English Version
Geographic information - Geodetic register (ISO
19127:2026)
Information géographique - Registre géodésique (ISO Geoinformation - Geodätische Register (ISO
19127:2026) 19127:2026)
This European Standard was approved by CEN on 27 July 2026.

CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this
European Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references
concerning such national standards may be obtained on application to the CEN-CENELEC Management Centre or to any CEN
member.
This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by
translation under the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the CEN-CENELEC Management
Centre has the same status as the official versions.

CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia,
Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway,
Poland, Portugal, Republic of North Macedonia, Romania, Serbia, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Türkiye and
United Kingdom.
EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATION
COMITÉ EUROPÉEN DE NORMALISATION

EUROPÄISCHES KOMITEE FÜR NORMUNG

CEN-CENELEC Management Centre: Rue de la Science 23, B-1040 Brussels
© 2026 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved Ref. No. EN ISO 19127:2026 E
worldwide for CEN national Members.

Contents Page
European foreword . 3

European foreword
This document (EN ISO 19127:2026) has been prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 211
"Geographic information/Geomatics" in collaboration with Technical Committee CEN/TC 287
“Geographic Information” the secretariat of which is held by BSI.
This European Standard shall be given the status of a national standard, either by publication of an
identical text or by endorsement, at the latest by February 2027, and conflicting national standards
shall be withdrawn at the latest by February 2027.
Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of
patent rights. CEN shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights.
Any feedback and questions on this document should be directed to the users’ national standards
body/national committee. A complete listing of these bodies can be found on the CEN website.
According to the CEN-CENELEC Internal Regulations, the national standards organizations of the
following countries are bound to implement this European Standard: Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria,
Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland,
Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Republic of
North Macedonia, Romania, Serbia, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Türkiye and the
United Kingdom.
Endorsement notice
The text of ISO 19127:2026 has been approved by CEN as EN ISO 19127:2026 without any modification.

International
Standard
ISO 19127
Second edition
Geographic information — Geodetic
2026-08
register
Information géographique — Registre géodésique
Reference number
ISO 19127:2026(en) © ISO 2026
ISO 19127:2026(en)
© ISO 2026
All rights reserved. Unless otherwise specified, or required in the context of its implementation, no part of this publication may
be reproduced or utilized otherwise in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying, or posting on
the internet or an intranet, without prior written permission. Permission can be requested from either ISO at the address below
or ISO’s member body in the country of the requester.
ISO copyright office
CP 401 • Ch. de Blandonnet 8
CH-1214 Vernier, Geneva
Phone: [phone]
Email: [e-mail]
Website: www.iso.org
Published in Switzerland
ii
ISO 19127:2026(en)
Contents Page
Foreword .iv
Introduction .v
1 Scope . 1
2 Normative references . 1
3 Terms and definitions . 1
4 Conformance . 1
5 Conventions . 1
6 Audience and accessibility . 1
7 ISO Geodetic Register roles and responsibilities . 2
7.1 General .2
7.2 Register owner .2
7.3 Register manager .2
7.4 Control body .2
7.4.1 Control body responsibilities .2
7.4.2 Control body membership .3
7.4.3 Approval of register content .3
7.4.4 Reporting .3
7.5 Register system manager .3
7.6 Proposer .3
7.7 Register user .4
8 ISO Geodetic Register governance processes. 4
8.1 Proposal process . .4
8.2 Approval process .5
8.2.1 General .5
8.2.2 Addition .5
8.2.3 Modification . . .5
8.2.4 Retirement .6
8.3 Appeal process .6
8.4 Content management process .6
8.5 Statuses .7
9 ISO Geodetic Register system content requirements . 7
9.1 Identifiers .7
9.2 Register item classes .8
9.3 Register items.8
10 ISO Geodetic Register content requirements . 8
Annex A (normative) Abstract test suite .12
Annex B (normative) ISO Geodetic Register content .13
Annex C (informative) Best practices for the ISO Geodetic Register content .35
Annex D (informative) Metadata .46
Bibliography .49

iii
ISO 19127:2026(en)
Foreword
ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards
bodies (ISO member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally carried out through
ISO technical committees. Each member body interested in a subject for which a technical committee
has been established has the right to be represented on that committee. International organizations,
governmental and non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work. ISO collaborates closely
with the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) on all matters of electrotechnical standardization.
The procedures used to develop this document and those intended for its further maintenance are described
in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 1. In particular, the different approval criteria needed for the different types
of ISO document should be noted. This document was drafted in accordance with the editorial rules of the
ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2 (see www.iso.org/directives).
ISO draws attention to the possibility that the implementation of this document may involve the use of (a)
patent(s). ISO takes no position concerning the evidence, validity or applicability of any claimed patent
rights in respect thereof. As of the date of publication of this document, ISO had not received notice of (a)
patent(s) which may be required to implement this document. However, implementers are cautioned that
this may not represent the latest information, which may be obtained from the patent database available at
www.iso.org/patents. ISO shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights.
Any trade name used in this document is information given for the convenience of users and does not
constitute an endorsement.
For an explanation of the voluntary nature of standards, the meaning of ISO specific terms and expressions
related to conformity assessment, as well as information about ISO's adherence to the World Trade
Organization (WTO) principles in the Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT), see www.iso.org/iso/foreword.html.
This document was prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 211, Geographic information/Geomatics, in
collaboration with the European Committee for Standardization (CEN) Technical Committee CEN/TC 287,
Geographic Information, in accordance with the Agreement on technical cooperation between ISO and CEN
(Vienna Agreement).
This second edition cancels and replaces the first edition (ISO 19127:2019), which has been technically
revised.
The main changes are as follows:
— updates to ISO 19111:2019 and ISO 19135:2026 have been incorporated.
Any feedback or questions on this document should be directed to the user’s national standards body. A
complete listing of these bodies can be found at www.iso.org/members.html.

iv
ISO 19127:2026(en)
Introduction
This document governs procedures for the ISO 19127 geodetic register, but can also have applicability to
similar national and international registers of geodetic information.
The ISO 19127 geodetic register and the ISO 19127 geodetic register system are referred to as the
“ISO Geodetic Register” and “ISO Geodetic Register system”, respectively, throughout this document.
ISO 19135 provides for the structural and governance requirements of a register and its management.
Register management processes include the establishment, management, operation and publication of a
register.
ISO 19111 describes elements necessary to define various types of coordinate reference systems applicable
to geographic information. The subset of elements required is partially dependent upon the type of
coordinates. Optional fields allow for the inclusion of metadata about the coordinate reference systems.
ISO 19111 also provides for the description of a coordinate operation between two different coordinate
reference systems or a coordinate operation to account for crustal motion over time. With such information,
spatial data referenced to different coordinate reference systems can be referenced to one specified
coordinate reference system at a specified time.
This document describes how the structural, governance and management requirements within ISO 19135
are applied to the ISO Geodetic Register of elements applicable to geodetic referencing by coordinates in
accordance with ISO 19111. Reference can be made to other register system codes as aliases within the ISO
Geodetic Register.
Annex A provides four tests to be applied to verify conformance to this document.
Annex B provides tables that specify information for elements to be included in the ISO Geodetic Register.
Annex C provides best practices for the ISO Geodetic Register content.
Annex D provides the metadata for the ISO Geodetic Register.
The name and contact information of the registration authority and the maintenance agency for this
document can be found at www.iso.org/maintenance_agencies.
In accordance with the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2, 2021, Principles and rules for the structure and drafting of
ISO and IEC documents, "The decimal sign shall be a comma on the line in all language versions". However, the
General Conference on Weights and Measures (Conférence Générale des Poids et Mesures) at its 22nd meeting
in 2003, unanimously passed resolution 10, which reads as follows:
“The decimal marker shall be either the point on the line or the comma on the line.”
In practice, the choice between these alternatives depends on customary use in the language concerned. In
the technical areas of geodesy and geographic information it is customary for the decimal point to be used,
for all languages. That practice is used throughout this document.

v
International Standard ISO 19127:2026(en)
Geographic information — Geodetic register
1 Scope
This document defines the structure, governance and management of the ISO Geodetic Register, in
accordance with ISO 19135. This document also identifies the data elements applicable to geodetic
referencing by coordinates, in accordance with ISO 19111.
2 Normative references
The following documents are referred to in the text in such a way that some or all of their content constitutes
requirements of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references,
the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies.
ISO 6709, Standard representation of geographic point location by coordinates
ISO 19111, Geographic information — Referencing by coordinates
ISO 19135:2026, Geographic information — Registration and register governance
ISO 19162, Geographic information — Well-known text representation of coordinate reference systems
3 Terms and definitions
For the purposes of this document, the terms and definitions given in ISO 19111 and ISO 19135 apply.
ISO and IEC maintain terminology databases for use in standardization at the following addresses:
— ISO Online browsing platform: available at https:// www .iso .org/ obp
— IEC Electropedia: available at https:// www .electropedia .org/
4 Conformance
To conform to this document, the ISO Geodetic Register shall satisfy all of the conditions specified in Annex A.
5 Conventions
[4]
This document uses URIs as identifiers as described in RFC 3986.
6 Audience and accessibility
The ISO Geodetic Register supports public users in uniquely identifying and using geodetic coordinate
reference systems, coordinate operations and related data elements. The ISO Geodetic Register is a publicly-
accessible, read-only register.
The ISO Geodetic Register is publicly-accessible via a publicly available URI, which is published on
ISO/TC 211’s website at https:// committee .iso .org/ sites/ tc211/ home/ re .html.

ISO 19127:2026(en)
7 ISO Geodetic Register roles and responsibilities
7.1 General
The roles and responsibilities of the register owner, register manager, control body, register system manager,
proposer and register user are set out in ISO 19135:2026, Clause 10.
This document conforms to ISO 19135:2026 requirements class 78, /req/register-specification.
7.2 Register owner
The register owner is ISO/TC 211.
The register owner shall conform to ISO 19135:2026 requirements class 72, /req/roles/register-owner,
which requires that the register owner:
— documents the governance procedures and requirements of the register in a register specification
(which is this document);
— appoints a register manager, control body and register system manager;
— specifies the criteria to qualify as a proposer;
— specifies the register users eligible to access to the register;
— specifies the process for a proposer to submit a proposal and the time limit in which the approval process
shall be completed;
— defines the process for a proposer to appeal decisions of the control body and specify the time limit in
which the appeal process shall be completed;
— considers the needs of register users when selecting methods of access to and publication of the content
of the register;
— specifies the method of publication of the content of the register, in order to provide access to its intended
audience;
— sets the terms and conditions regarding different levels of access to the register;
— sets rules and guidelines on what constitutes an addition or modification and defines what kind of
modification constitutes a substantive change.
7.3 Register manager
The register manager is responsible for content management of the register, and for liaising with the control
body and the proposers.
The register manager shall conform to ISO 19135:2026 requirements class 73, /req/roles/register-manager,
which requires that the register manager:
— manages the register in accordance with this document;
— is responsible for disseminating the information necessary for submitting proposals to eligible proposers;
— processes proposals from proposers.
7.4 Control body
7.4.1 Control body responsibilities
The control body is responsible for vetting proposals that modify register content.

ISO 19127:2026(en)
The control body shall conform to ISO 19135:2026 requirements class 74, /req/roles/control-body, which
requires that the control body:
— follows the rules and procedures specified in the Register Owner’s Operational Manual;
— reviews proposals received from the register manager and render a decision regarding the approval of
each proposal.
7.4.2 Control body membership
The control body for the ISO Geodetic Register shall consist of experts knowledgeable in geodetic reference
systems.
The chair and vice-chair of the control body shall be nominated by the International Association of Geodesy
(IAG) and approved by ISO/TC 211 resolution.
The members of the control body shall be nominated by P-members and liaison organizations. Nominations
shall be sent to ISO/TC 211, which shall review and appoint nominees to the control body.
Each P-member or liaison organization may nominate a primary expert and an alternate.
The control body members shall be appointed for a term of three years.
In rendering its decisions, the control body may consult with external advisors to address specific technical
issues.
7.4.3 Approval of register content
The control body shall meet a minimum of twice a year and as required otherwise to approve ISO Geodetic
Register content.
A quorum of five control body members representing P-members and liaison organizations is required to
ratify decisions of the control body.
Control body approval of content shall be made by consensus. In the event that consensus is not possible,
decisions shall be made by majority vote.
Each P-member and liaison organization shall be eligible to cast one vote through their control body
member(s).
7.4.4 Reporting
A summary report of control body activities shall be submitted to the Register Management Group at its
plenary meetings or as otherwise required.
7.5 Register system manager
The register system manager is responsible for the information system where the register is managed.
The register system manager shall conform to ISO 19135:2026 requirements class 75, /req/roles/register-
system-manager, which requires that the register system manager follows the rules and procedures
specified in the Register Owner’s Operational Manual.
7.6 Proposer
A proposer is responsible for making proposals to modify register content. Proposers for the ISO Geodetic
Register consist of organizations and/or persons responsible for defining and maintaining geodetic
parameters.
ISO 19127:2026(en)
The proposer shall conform to ISO 19135:2026 requirements class 76, /req/roles/proposer, which requires
that the proposer meets the eligibility criteria and follow the rules and procedures specified in the Register
Owner’s Operational Manual.
7.7 Register user
The public is allowed to view and utilize the ISO Geodetic Register.
The register user shall conform to ISO 19135:2026 requirements class 77, /req/roles/ register-user,
which requires that the register user follows the rules and procedures specified in the Register Owner’s
Operational Manual.
8 ISO Geodetic Register governance processes
8.1 Proposal process
The proposal process shall conform to ISO 19135:2026 requirements class 67, /req/proposal-process, which
requires that:
— the submitted proposal satisfies the requirements defined in the Register Owner’s Operational Manual;
— the proposer submits the proposal to the register manager;
— the proposer clarifies proposals to the control body, register manager or register owner when requested;
— the proposer has the option to withdraw a proposal at any time during the approval process;
— when a proposal is received, the register manager verifies eligibility of the proposer in accordance with
the defined eligibility criteria specified in the Register Owner’s Operational Manual;
— the register manager rejects proposals that do not meet the proposal requirements;
— the register manager forwards eligible proposals to the control body for deliberations on acceptability;
— the register manager retains documentation on the submission of the proposal and the deliberations
taken.
Proposers prepare and submit a proposal via the ISO Geodetic Register’s online platform. The proposer may
propose the:
— addition of a new register item;
— modification of an existing register item (modification of fields);
— retirement of an existing register item.
In case of an addition, the proposer shall complete all the mandatory fields, including contact information, as
specified in the Register Owner’s Operational Manual.
In case of a modification, the proposer shall indicate which register item fields to be modified, what the
values are to be changed to, and the justification for modifying these fields, as specified in the Register
Owner’s Operational Manual.
In case of retirement, the proposer shall indicate which register items should be retired, and the justification
for such retirement, as specified in the Register Owner’s Operational Manual.
When a new proposal is received, the register manager will perform a cursory validation check to determine
whether the submission has been completed correctly. If the proposal is acceptable, the register manager
will forward the proposal to the control body for consideration.

ISO 19127:2026(en)
8.2 Approval process
8.2.1 General
The approval process shall be set out in the Register Owner’s Operational Manual and shall conform to
ISO 19135:2026 requirements class 68, /req/approval-process, which requires that it:
— is completed within the time limit specified by the register owner in the Register Owner’s Operational
Manual;
— specifies how the register manager determines the acceptability of proposals submitted by any proposer;
— specifies how the register manager forwards eligible proposals to the control body for determination of
acceptability;
— specifies how the control body requests the proposer to revise a proposal if changes to the proposal are
required for its acceptance;
— specifies how the control body decides whether to accept or reject the proposal;
— specifies how the control body issues the decision on the proposal within a time limit specified by the
register owner;
— specifies how the control body informs the register manager of a decision on each proposal, with
information including, at a minimum, the rationale for the decision;
— specifies how the register manager forwards the proposal decision by the control body, once the decision
on a proposal is issued, with supplementary information provided by the control body to the proposer;
— specifies how the register manager forwards the decision of the proposal to the proposer within the time
limit specified by the register owner in the Register Owner’s Operational Manual;
— specifies how the register manager incorporates the proposal according to the approved proposal by the
control body, if the decision of the control body is positive, with any required changes determined by the
control body.
8.2.2 Addition
The control body shall consider the proposed new register item based on the information submitted by the
proposer and the justification provided. In doing so, the control body shall:
— confirm that the proposer is an authoritative source and is authorized to make the addition;
— confirm that there are no duplicates in the register;
— confirm that the data provided are accurate and complete;
— assess the justification of the proposed new register item to determine its relevance.
8.2.3 Modification
The control body shall identify the register item and determine whether the modification request is required.
In doing so, the control body shall:
— confirm that the proposer is an authoritative source and is authorized to make the modification;
— confirm that register item exists in the register;
— confirm that the data provided are accurate and complete;
— assess the justification for modifying the register item.
— determine whether the modification constitutes a major or minor change.

ISO 19127:2026(en)
8.2.4 Retirement
The control body shall identify the register item and determines whether the retirement request is required.
In doing so, the control body shall:
— confirm that the proposer is an authoritative source and is authorized to make the modification;
— confirm that register item exists in the register;
— confirm that the data provided is accurate and complete;
— assess the justification for retiring the register item.
8.3 Appeal process
Should proposals be rejected, the proposers may lodge appeals.
The appeal process shall be set out in the Register Owner’s Operational Manual and shall conform to
ISO 19135:2026 requirements class 69, /req/appeal-process, which requires that:
— the register manager informs the proposers of the eligibility and deadline for an appeal;
— the proposers follow the rules for appeal as defined in the Register Owner’s Operational Manual when
submitting their appeal;
— the proposer has the option to withdraw an appeal at any time during the appeal process;
— on receiving an appeal from the proposer, the register manager forwards the appeal to the control body;
— on receiving an appeal from the register manager, the control body decides whether to accept or reject
the appeal;
— the control body issues the decision on the proposal within the time limit specified in the Register
Owner’s Operational Manual;
— the control body informs the register manager of the appeal decision;
— the register manager forwards the appeal decision by the control body to the proposer within the time
limit specified in the Register Owner’s Operational Manual;
— the register manager incorporates the appealed proposal if the control body has approved the appeal;
— the register manager retains documentation on the submission of the appeal and the deliberations taken.
8.4 Content management process
The content management process shall conform to ISO 19135:2026 requirements class 70, /req/content-
management-process, which requires that the register manager implement an approved proposal:
— containing new content not previously represented in the register, by incorporating the content into the
register with appropriately assigned identifiers;
— containing content that constitutes a substantive change, by incorporating the content into the register
as a new major version of the content to be updated, with appropriately assigned identifiers;
— containing content that constitutes a non-substantive change, by incorporating the content into the
register as a new minor version of the content to be updated, with appropriately assigned identifiers;
— to redact content in the register by performing a redaction on a register item;
— to change the status of a register item as needed;
— to create, modify or remove relationships between register items as needed.

ISO 19127:2026(en)
8.5 Statuses
The register item is a realisation of one of more concept versions, and therefore, within the scope of this
document, the concept version is the domain in which register items exist.
The concept version statuses and relationships shall conform to ISO 19135:2026 requirements class 12, /
req/concept-version-status, which has requirement classes 12 (core), 14 (validity), 15 (publication), 16
(redaction) and 17 (deletion) as pre-requisites, and which requires that:
— the concept version statuses are defined with their meaning documented and applied as appropriate;
— a concept version status shall be assigned to each concept version in a register indicating their
administrative status in relation to the register;
— a concept version status shall support the specification of one or more temporal constraints in which the
status is applicable;
— changes to concept version statuses shall be covered by the register’s change retention commitments;
— additional statuses, if any, shall be defined for use within a register;
— the validity of a concept version is set to either valid or invalid;
— the validity status of a concept version supports specification with a time interval indicating the duration
of applicability of the status;
— the publication status of a concept version is set to either published or unpublished;
— the publication status of a concept version supports specification with a time interval indicating the
duration of applicability of the status;
— a concept version is marked as redacted when at least a part of its managed content is redacted;
— the date and time of redaction of a concept version is documented;
— a concept version is marked as “not deleted” when it has no deleted content or “deleted” when its managed
content is deleted;
— the date and time of deletion of the managed content shall be recorded;
— the concept version representing deleted managed content shall retain its metadata and its associated
register item;
9 ISO Geodetic Register system content requirements
9.1 Identifiers
The identifiers shall conform to ISO 19135:2026 requirements class 7, /req/identifiers, which requires that:
— the methods and structures used to construct identifiers used in the register are defined;
— an identifier within the register supports specification of hierarchy;
— the meaning of identifiers in the register, used to identify components within a register, is defined and
persists throughout the lifetime of the register;
— the register is assigned a globally-unique identifier;
— all identifiers used within the register are unique within the register.

ISO 19127:2026(en)
9.2 Register item classes
The register item class data shall conform to ISO 19135:2026 requirements class 18, /req/register-item-
class, which requires that:
— the information requirements of register items are described;
— the structural requirements of register items are defined;
— data are referenced by one concept version that belongs to a concept definition;
— the information requirements of a concept, and its associated concept version are linked to a register
item class that provides the actual requirements of the register item;
— the associated metadata supports the management and status of the register item class;
— the register is assigned a functional identifier.
— the data are assigned an object identifier for permanent identification.
9.3 Register items
The register items shall conform to ISO 19135:2026 requirements class 19, /req/ register-item, which
requires that:
— the register supports the creation of register items as data;
— the register describes the information requirements of register items;
— the register defines the structural requirements of register items;
— the register is referenced by one concept version of a realised concept.
— the register has associated metadata that supports the management and status of the register item
within the register;
— the register assigns a functional identifier to each register item;
— a register item can have more than one functional identifier if it belongs to an existing identifying
convention and a new identifier according to the register specification;
— the register assigns an object identifier for permanent identification of the register item, where such
object identifiers are non-redirectable and permanently assigned to specific objects;
— the register retains register items in the register to support the interpretation of data dependent on
them.
10 ISO Geodetic Register content requirements
The content requirements of the register shall conform with Annex B.
Examples are included in Annex C.
The content shall abide by the following requirements:
— Requirement 1: The minimum level of information that the register manager shall accept from a proposer
is complete data for a coordinate reference system, compound coordinate reference systems, single
coordinate operations and concatenated coordinate operations that conform to the requirements of
ISO 19111 and this clause.
— Requirement 2: The register manager shall assign individual registration identifiers for records for
entities so that multiple records can point to them. Records for ISO Geodetic Register entities are

ISO 19127:2026(en)
interdependent. When a record for an entity is modified, dependent records shall be assessed and, if
required, modified.
— Requirement 3: The ISO Geodetic Register shall use open standardization (see Clause C.1) for the units of
measure of ellipsoids, coordinate conversion and coordinate transformation parameters.
— Requirement 4: The ISO Geodetic Register shall conform to the ISO 6709 conventions that geographic
latitude is positive north of the equator and geographic longitude is positive east of Greenwich (see C.4.1).
— Requirement 5: Geographic coordinates and angles that are natively in sexagesimal degree representation
(excluding bounding box limits for geographic extents) shall be held in the ISO Geodetic Register such
that the degree, minute and second values, and, if required, the hemisphere (negative for the southern
hemisphere and positive for the northern hemisphere) are stored uniquely. The sexagesimal degree may
be stored in a single field containing the concatenation of the hemisphere, the degree value, the minute
value (with leading zero if less than 10) and the second value (any precision with leading zero if less
than 10), or as four separate fields for the hemisphere, the degree value, the minute value and the second
value (see Clause C.3).
— Requirement 6: The ISO Geodetic Register shall conform to the International Association of Geodesy’s
convention for a geocentric Cartesian coordinate system, with origin at the centre of the Earth, that the Z
axis is along the Earth’s rotation axis through the north pole, X is in the plane of the equator and through
the intersection of the prime meridian with the equator, and Y is in the plane of the equator forming a
right-handed coordinate system (see C.4.1).
— Requirement 7: The ISO Geodetic Register shall apply a closed standard (see Clause C.1) for the
presentation of coordinate system coordinates as follows (see C.4.2):
— geocentric Cartesian coordinates: X, Y, Z;
— geographical two-dimensional coordinates: latitude, longitude or longitude, latitude;
— geographical three-dimensional coordinates: latitude, longitude, ellipsoidal height or longitude,
latitude, ellipsoidal height.
— Requirement 8: The ISO Geodetic Register shall apply an open standard (see Clause C.1) for the positive
direction of axes, and the order in which the axes are presented, in a projected coordinate reference
system as part of the system definition (i.e. the positive direction of axes may be in any order of north/
south and east/west) (see C.4.1).
— Requirement 9: The ISO Geodetic Register shall implement an open standard (see Clause C.1) for
coordinate system linear units. Allowing native units for coordinate system linear units will avoid the
danger of corruption of values caused by the misunderstanding of conversion factors.
— Requirement 10: The ISO Geodetic Register shall apply an open standard to the two rotation conventions,
which apply the rotations to the point’s vector or to the coordinate frame, providing that the applied
algorithm is valid for that convention (see C.5.1).
— Requirement 11: The ISO Geodetic Register shall name and describe coordinate operation formulae
clearly and unambiguously.
— Requi
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