oSIST prEN ISO 24078:2023
(Main)Hydrogen in energy systems - Vocabulary (ISO/DIS 24078:2023)
Hydrogen in energy systems - Vocabulary (ISO/DIS 24078:2023)
The scope of standard on Vocabulary of Hydrogen in Energy Systems, presented in Figure 1, is aligned with the scope of JTC 6.
Therefore, the work aims to cover the fields of systems, devices and connections for the production, storage, transport and
transmission, measurement and use of hydrogen from renewable energy sources and other sources, in the context of the European
strategy for the development and acceptance of the hydrogen market. The scope includes cross cutting items such as: terminology,
Guarantee of Origin, interfaces, operational management, relevant hydrogen safety issues, training and education.
Flammability and explosion limits, as well as taxation issues, are outside the scope of EN to be drafted by JTC6 WG1.
Standard on the Hydrogen in Energy Systems will focus on description of the respective systems, the role of hydrogen within those
and on the most principal/basic devices. The standard will not describe different types of electrolysers, nor go into the efficiency or
taxation issues.
Figure 1 missing
Wasserstoff in Energiesystemen - Vokabular (ISO/DIS 24078:2023)
Hydrogène dans les systèmes énergétiques - Vocabulaire (ISO/DIS 24078:2023)
Vodik v energijskih sistemih - Slovar (ISO/DIS 24078:2023)
General Information
Standards Content (Sample)
SLOVENSKI STANDARD
oSIST prEN ISO 24078:2023
01-julij-2023
Vodik v energijskih sistemih - Slovar (ISO/DIS 24078:2023)
Hydrogen in energy systems - Vocabulary (ISO/DIS 24078:2023)
Wasserstoff in Energiesystemen - Vokabular (ISO/DIS 24078:2023)
Hydrogène dans les systèmes énergétiques - Vocabulaire (ISO/DIS 24078:2023)
Ta slovenski standard je istoveten z: prEN ISO 24078
ICS:
01.040.27 Prenos energije in toplote Energy and heat transfer
(Slovarji) engineering (Vocabularies)
27.075 Tehnologija vodika Hydrogen technologies
oSIST prEN ISO 24078:2023 en,fr,de
2003-01.Slovenski inštitut za standardizacijo. Razmnoževanje celote ali delov tega standarda ni dovoljeno.
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oSIST prEN ISO 24078:2023
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oSIST prEN ISO 24078:2023
DRAFT INTERNATIONAL STANDARD
ISO/DIS 24078
ISO/TC 197 Secretariat: SCC
Voting begins on: Voting terminates on:
2023-05-22 2023-08-14
Hydrogen in energy systems — Vocabulary
ICS: 27.075; 01.040.27
This document is circulated as received from the committee secretariat.
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oSIST prEN ISO 24078:2023
DRAFT INTERNATIONAL STANDARD
ISO/DIS 24078
ISO/TC 197 Secretariat: SCC
Voting begins on: Voting terminates on:
2023-05-22 2023-08-14
Hydrogen in energy systems — Vocabulary
ICS: 27.075; 01.040.27
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NATIONAL REGULATIONS.
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ii
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PROVIDE SUPPORTING DOCUMENTATION. © ISO 2023
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oSIST prEN ISO 24078:2023
ISO/DIS 24078:2023(E)
Contents Page
Foreword .iv
Introduction .v
1 Scope . 1
2 Normative references . 1
3 Terms and definitions . 1
3.1 Energy . 1
3.2 Energy system and market . 5
3.3 Electric Power Network . 9
3.4 Hydrogen production system . 10
3.5 Hydrogen production equipment . 13
3.6 Hydrogen infrastructure . 13
3.6.1 General .13
3.6.2 Components .15
3.6.3 Stations and plants . 16
3.7 Hydrogen storage . 17
3.8 Hydrogen fuelled heat and power generation devices . 19
3.9 Hydrogen-to-X .22
3.10 Gas mixture . 23
3.11 Safety. 25
3.12 Risk reduction measure . 27
3.13 Hydrogen detection . 30
3.14 Metrology . 31
3.15 Quality of energy carriers . 32
3.16 Testing .34
3.17 Certification . 35
3.18 Materials compatibility . . 35
Bibliography .38
Index .42
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ISO/DIS 24078:2023(E)
Foreword
ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards
bodies (ISO member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally carried out
through ISO technical committees. Each member body interested in a subject for which a technical
committee has been established has the right to be represented on that committee. International
organizations, governmental and non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work.
ISO collaborates closely with the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) on all matters of
electrotechnical standardization.
The procedures used to develop this document and those intended for its further maintenance are
described in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 1. In particular, the different approval criteria needed for the
different types of ISO documents should be noted. This document was drafted in accordance with the
editorial rules of the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2 (see www.iso.org/directives).
Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of
patent rights. ISO shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. Details of
any patent rights identified during the development of the document will be in the Introduction and/or
on the ISO list of patent declarations received (see www.iso.org/patents).
Any trade name used in this document is information given for the convenience of users and does not
constitute an endorsement.
For an explanation of the voluntary nature of standards, the meaning of ISO specific terms and
expressions related to conformity assessment, as well as information about ISO's adherence to
the World Trade Organization (WTO) principles in the Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT), see
www.iso.org/iso/foreword.html.
This document has been prepared by Technical Committee CEN-CENELEC/JTC 6 Hydrogen in Energy
Systems, WG1 Terms and Definitions, in Vienna Agreement regulated collaboration with ISO TC 197
Hydrogen Technologies.
This is a first edition of EN/ISO 24078:202X. This document is intended to be used as a guiding
document providing basic terms and definitions explaining the role of hydrogen in energy systems, and
references the reader to get familiar with standards, technical reports, glossaries, guides etc., covering
specific fields for further/more detailed vocabulary.
Any feedback or questions on this document should be directed to the user’s national standards body. A
complete listing of these bodies can be found at www.iso.org/members.html.
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ISO/DIS 24078:2023(E)
Introduction
This document was developed under the Vienna Agreement, by CEN/CLC JTC 6 and ISO TC 197, under
the CEN lead.
In this document, terms and definitions have been identified, reviewed and proposed in order to cover
technical aspects for hydrogen in energy systems, with input from sources such as ISO/IEC Standards,
European Standards from CEN and CENELEC, national standards, and existing definitions from the
dictionaries relevant to particular industries.
This document only contains terms used to describe hydrogen in energy systems within the scope of
CEN/CLC/JTC 6.
The definitive intention of this document is to present the basics of the concepts that are subjected to
standardisation in the fields related to hydrogen in energy systems. Therefore, this document consists
of high level terms and definitions, and guides the reader to more specific standards/documents, where
more technical details can be found.
Terms and definitions are categorized in the following structure:
— energy carriers,
— energy system, energy infrastructure, smart grid and energy systems integration,
— electric power network and electrical energy storage,
— hydrogen production from electricity and other methods for hydrogen production,
— hydrogen production equipment,
— transmission, distribution and storage in dedicated hydrogen infrastructure and gas network, as
well as hydrogen admixture into natural gas and separation,
— hydrogen heat and power generation devices,
— power-to-hydrogen, hydrogen-to-X and energy storage,
— cross cutting items such as: hydrogen safety issues, metrology, quality of energy carriers,
certification and materials compatibility.
Note It is not an intention of this document to standardise legislator activities of any kind, nor to standardise
commercial products
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oSIST prEN ISO 24078:2023
DRAFT INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO/DIS 24078:2023(E)
Hydrogen in energy systems — Vocabulary
1 Scope
This document establishes the terms, definitions, symbols and abbreviations used in the fields related
to hydrogen in energy systems.
This document excludes the following fields:
— biological methanation,
— reactor for hydrogen production from other sources,
— road, maritime and aviation transport,
— aeronautics and space.
Note These fields are foreseen to be covered in future editions of this document.
This document does not apply to carbon capture storage and utilisation, as well as services.
2 Normative references
There are no normative references in this document.
3 Terms and definitions
For the purposes of this document, the following terms and definitions apply.
The sources for the following terms and definitions in this document are taken from documents with
different scopes and further different application areas. They can therefore be based on premises in the
respective sources that are not listed here.
The following terms and definitions are intended to stand on their own or in the context of this
document. This document generally excludes any requirements beyond the use of the terms. Any
procedures, tests material selection, or other aspects that play a role separately in the sources must be
specified separately in the standards that reference this document.
ISO and IEC maintain terminology databases for use in standardization at the following addresses:
— ISO Online browsing platform: available at https:// www .iso .org/ obp
— IEC Electropedia: available at https:// www .electropedia .org/
Note 1 In this International Standard the term ‘gas’ refers - in its physical sense - to fluids in its gaseous state. If
specification of the gaseous fluid is needed, the specific term of the gaseous energy carrier is used, such as biomethane,
hydrogen and natural gas.
3.1 Energy
3.1.1
energy carrier
substance or medium that can transport energy
Note 1 to entry: For example electricity (3.1.15), hydrogen (3.1.2), natural gas (3.1.6), fuels, etc.
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[SOURCE: ISO/IEC 13273-1:2015, 3.1.2, modified by adding a note 1 to entry]
3.1.2
hydrogen
chemical element, H with atomic number 1, usually occurring as a diatomic molecule, H2 which
is a highly flammable, colourless, odourless and tasteless gas at standard ambient temperature and
pressure
Note 1 to entry: Hydrogen in energy systems is usually in gaseous or liquid form.
[SOURCE: JRC Report EUR 30324 EN 326, modified by adding a note 1 to entry]
3.1.3
hydrogen based fuel
gaseous hydrogen or a synthetic fuel which can be used directly (i.e. without external reforming) as a
fuel for hydrogen turbine, fuel cell (3.8.1) or combustion engine
Note 1 to entry: More specifications in ISO 14687:2019(en).
3.1.4
liquid hydrogen
hydrogen (3.2.1) that has been liquefied, i.e. brought to a liquid state
[SOURCE: ISO 14687: 2019, 3.15]
3.1.5
slush hydrogen
hydrogen (3.2.1) that is a mixture of solid and liquid at the eutectic (triple-point) temperature
[SOURCE: ISO 14687: 2019, 3.18]
3.1.6
natural gas, NG
complex gaseous mixture of hydrocarbons, primarily methane, but generally includes ethane, propane
and higher hydrocarbons, and some non-combustible gases such as nitrogen and carbon dioxide
Note 1 to entry: Natural gas can also contain components or contaminants such as sulphur compounds and/or
other chemical species.
[SOURCE: EN ISO 14532:2017]
3.1.7
biomethane
gas comprising principally methane, obtained from either upgrading of biogas (3.1.8) or methanation
(3.9.3.9) of biosyngas (3.1.9)
Note 1 to entry: See EN 16723-1 and EN ISO 14532 for further vocabulary relating to biomethane.
[SOURCE: EN 16723-1:2016, modified by adding Note 1 to entry]
3.1.8
biogas
generic term used to refer to gases produced by anaerobic fermentation or digestion of organic matter,
and without further upgrading or purification
Note 1 to entry: this can take place in a landfill site to produce landfill gas or in an anaerobic digester to produce
biogas. Sewage gas is biogas produced by the digestion of sewage sludge. Biogases comprise mainly methane and
carbon dioxide
[SOURCE: EN ISO 14532:2017]
Note 2 to entry: See EN 16723-1 and EN ISO 14532 for further vocabulary relating to biogas, biomass, biological
material from living, or recently living organism, typically this can be plants or plant-derived materials
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[SOURCE: EN 16723-1:2016, clause 3.2]
3.1.9
biosyngas
gas, comprising principally carbon monoxide and hydrogen, obtained from gasification of biomass
[SOURCE: EN 16723-1:2016, clause 3.4]
3.1.10
syngas
gas, comprising principally of carbon monoxide and hydrogen, obtained from gasification of fossil fuel
[SOURCE: EN 16723-1:2016, clause 3.13]
3.1.11
synthetically produced methane
synthetic methane, SM
methane, which has been produced by subsequent methanation of hydrogen with carbon oxides
3.1.12
substitute natural gas, SNG
gas from non-fossil origin, which is interchangeable in its properties with natural gas (3.1.6)
[SOURCE: ISO 14532:2014]
3.1.13
manufactured gas or synthetic gas
gas, which has been treated and can contain components that are not typical of natural gas (3.1.6)
Note 1 to entry: Manufactured (synthetic) gases can contain substantial amounts of chemical species that are not
typical of natural gases or common species found in atypical proportions as in the case of wet and sour gases.
Note 2 to entry: Manufactured gases fall into two categories, as follows:
a. those that are intended as synthetic or substitute natural gases, and that closely match true natural gases in
both composition and properties;
b. those that, whether or not intended to replace or enhance natural gas in service, do not closely match natural
gases in composition.
Case b) includes gases such as town gas, coke oven gas (undiluted), and LPG/air mixtures. None of which
is compositionally similar to a true natural gas (even though, in the latter case, it can be operationally
interchangeable with natural gas).
[SOURCE: ISO 14532:2014]
3.1.14
interchangeability (of gases)
measure of the degree to which properties of one gas are more compatible with those of another gas
Note 1 to entry: Two gases are said to be interchangeable when one gas can be substituted for the other gas
without interfering with the operation of appliances or equipment
[SOURCE: EN ISO 14532:2014, modified to generalise by exchanging “combustion characteristics” with
“properties” and removing “gas-burning” in the note 1 to entry]
3.1.15
electricity
set of phenomena associated with electric charges and electric currents
Note 1 to entry: Examples of usage of this concept: static electricity, biological effects of electricity.
[SOURCE: IEV 151-11-01, modified by deleting note 2 to entry]
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3.1.16
electric power
rate at which electric energy is transferred in an electric circuit
Note 1 to entry: The coherent SI unit of electric power is watt, W.
[SOURCE: IATE 1697301, modified by adding note 1 to entry]
3.1.17
heat
energy transferred from one body or system to another, as well as within one system, due to a difference
in temperature
Note 1 to entry: The coherent SI unit of heat is joule, J.
[SOURCE: ISO 14934-1:2010 3.1.2, modified by adding note 1 to entry]
3.1.18
combined heat and power generation, CHP
simultaneous generation of electricity (3.1.15) and heat (3.1.17) based on the block heat and power
[1]
plant definition: system consisting of modules for the simultaneous generation of electricity and heat
3.1.19
energy from renewable sources
primary energy the source of which is constantly replenished and will not become depleted
Note 1 to entry: Examples of renewable energy are: wind, solar (solar thermal and solar photovoltaic) and
geothermal energy, ambient energy, tide, wave and other ocean energy, hydropower, biomass, landfill gas, and
biogas.
[SOURCE: IEV ref 617-04-1, modified by adding wind, solar (solar thermal and solar photovoltaic) and
geothermal energy, ambient energy, tide, wave and other ocean energy, hydropower, biomass, landfill
gas, and biogas]
3.1.20
variable renewable energy, VRE
energy source characterized by output that is dependent on the natural variability of the source rather
[2]
than the requirements of consumers
3.1.21
non-renewable energy sources
energy from non-renewable sources, namely oil, natural gas (3.1.6), coal, sewage treatment plant gas
[3]
and nuclear energy
Note 1 to entry: Inverse of renewable energy sources.
3.1.22
renewable hydrogen
hydrogen produced through processes using renewable sources
EXAMPLE Possible examples are water electrolysis using renewable electricity, reforming of biomethane,
biogas or biomass.
3.1.23
low carbon hydrogen
hydrogen produced in processes with significantly lower life-cycle GHG emissions than the fossil fuel
benchmark, which is compliant with a defined GHG threshold.
EXAMPLE Possible examples are hydrogen from natural gas reforming with CCS, methane pyrolysis and
water electrolysis using nuclear power.
Note 1 to entry: Life-cycle emissions are calculated using ISO 14067:2018(119) or ISO 14064-1:2018(120).
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Note 2 to entry: The fossil fuel benchmark is steam methane reforming process using natural gas.
Note 3 to entry: The full life cycle (LCIA) is calculated using ISO 14040.
3.1.24
natural hydrogen
hydrogen produced through natural, often geological, processes
[4]
EXAMPLE Hydrogen liberated by the reaction of water with subterranean minerals .\
3.2 Energy system and market
3.2.1
energy system
system primarily designed to produce, convert, synthetize, transform, process and/or store an energy
carrier and transport or distribute it to the end-user
3.2.2
energy infrastructure
collective term for network for energy carriers, including ancillary equipment and facilities for their
physical transmission
Note 1 to entry: in the sense of this document energy carriers are listed in 3.1.1.
3.2.3
Gas system
any gas transmission networks, gas distribution networks, liquified gas facilities and/or storage
facilities owned and/or operated by a gas undertaking, including line pack and its facilities supplying
ancillary services and those of related undertakings necessary for providing access to transmission,
distribution and liquified gas
Note 1 to entry: The physical term gas is used here. It refers to fluids in gaseous state, such as hydrogen, natural
gas, biogases, synthetic gases, irrespective of their different chemical and/or safety characteristics.
3.2.4
electric power system
composite, comprised of one or more generating sources, and connecting transmission and distribution
facilities, operated to supply electric energy
Note 1 to entry: A specific electric power system includes all installations and plant, within defined bounds,
provided for the purpose of generating, transmitting and distributing electric energy.
[SOURCE: IEV 601-01-01]
3.2.5
bulk power system, BPS
bulk electricity system, BES
portion of the electric power system comprising the facilities used for the generation and transmission
of electric energy
Note 1 to entry: The extent of the bulk power system is usually limited to the means for production and
transmission of electric energy to major industrial and distribution centres.
Note 2 to entry: In English, the term "composite system" is also used for this concept.
[SOURCE: IEV 692-01-04]
3.2.6
heating / cooling system
set of devices and circuits ensuring the flow of heating / cooling medium
Note 1 to entry: The heating / cooling medium can be a gas or a liquid.
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[SOURCE: IEV 841-27-63, modified to include heating and cooling, as well as other media besides air and
water]
3.2.7
hybrid energy system
builds on infrastructure synergies and efficiencies between the electricity and gases’ sectors – including
energy transport, short and long-term energy storage, security of supply and resilience of having two
[5]
or more energy carriers
Note 1 to entry: The physical term gas is used here. It refers to fluids in gaseous state, such as hydrogen, natural
gas, biogases, synthetic gases, irrespective of their different chemical and/or safety characteristics, which,
however, need to be considered in the hybrid system.
3.2.8
smart grid
intelligent grid
system that utilizes information exchange and control technologies, distributed computing and
associated sensors and actuators, for purposes such as:
— to integrate the behaviour and actions of the network users and other stakeholders,
— to efficiently deliver sustainable, economic and secure electricity supplies
[SOURCE: IEV 617-04-13, modified to generalize by deleting “electric power” (system)]
3.2.9
energy systems integration
process of coordinating the operation and planning of energy systems across multiple pathways
and/or geographical scales to deliver reliable, cost-effective energy services with minimal impact on
[6]
environment
Note 1 to entry: Coordinated planning and operation of the energy system ‘as a whole’, across multiple energy
[6]
carriers, infrastructures, and consumption sectors .
Note 2 to entry: Energy system integration is connected with the concept of sector coupling, which envision
[6]
creating a link between the power and gas sectors .
Note 3 to entry: In Note 2 to entry the physical term gas is used. It refers to fluids in gaseous state, such as
hydrogen, natural gas, biogases, synthetic gases, irrespective of their different chemical and/or safety
[6]
characteristics, which, however, need to be considered in the energy systems integration .
3.2.10
interoperability
property permitting diverse systems or components to work together for a specified purpose
[7,8]
Note 1 to entry: There are three main types of interoperability :
— Syntactic Interoperability: Where two or more systems are able to communicate and exchange data. It
allows different software components to cooperate, even if the interface and the programming language are
different.
— Semantic Interoperability: Where the data exchanged between two or more systems is understandable to
each system. The information exchanged should be meaningful, since semantic interoperability requires
useful results defined by the users of the systems involved in the exchange.
— Cross-domain or cross-organization interoperability: This refers to the standardization of practices, policies,
foundations and requirements of disparate systems. Rather than relating to the mechanisms behind data
exchange, this type only focuses on the non-technical aspects of an interoperable organization.
[SOURCE: IEC 80001-1:2010, 2.11; IEV 871-05-06]
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3.2.11
synergy
...
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