SIST EN 50539-11:2013
(Main)Low-voltage surge protective devices - Surge protective devices for specific application including d.c. - Part 11: Requirements and tests for SPDs in photovoltaic applications
Low-voltage surge protective devices - Surge protective devices for specific application including d.c. - Part 11: Requirements and tests for SPDs in photovoltaic applications
This European Standard defines the requirements and tests for SPDs intended to be installed on the d.c. side of photovoltaic installations to protect against induced and direct lightning effects. These devices are connected to d.c. power circuits of photovoltaic generators, rated up to 1 500 V. It takes into account that photovoltaic generators:
• behave like current generators,
• that their nominal current depends on the light intensity,
• that their short-circuit current is almost equal to the nominal current,
• are connected in series and/or parallel combinations leading to a great variety of voltages, currents and powers from a few hundreds of W (in residential installations) to several MW (photovoltaic fields). The very specific electrical parameters of PV installations on the d.c. side require specific test requirements for SPDs. SPDs with separate input and output terminal(s) that contain a specific series impedance between these terminal(s) (so called two port SPDs according to EN 61643-11) are currently not sufficiently covered by the requirements of this standard and require additional consideration. NOTE In general SPDs for PV applications do not contain a specific series impedance between the input/output terminals due to power efficiency considerations. SPDs complying with this standard are exclusively dedicated to be installed on the d.c. side of photovoltaic generators. PV installation including batteries and other d.c. applications are not taken into account and additional requirements and tests may be necessary for such applications. SPDs for which the manufacturers declares short circuit mode overload behaviour, shall require specific measures to ensure that such devices will not endanger the operator during maintenance and replacement due to possible d.c. arcing.
Überspannungsschutzgeräte für Niederspannung - Überspannungsschutzgeräte für besondere Anwendungen einschließlich Gleichspannung - Teil 11: Anforderungen und Prüfungen für Überspannungsschutzgeräte für den Einsatz in Photovoltaik Installationen
Parafoudres basse tension - Parafoudres pour applications spécifiques incluant le courant continu - Partie 11: Exigences et essais pour parafoudres connectés aux installations photovoltaïques
Nizkonapetostne naprave za zaščito pred prenapetostnimi udari - Naprave za zaščito pred prenapetostnimi udari za specifične aplikacije, vključno z enosmernimi - 11. del: Zahteve in preskusi za SPD v fotovoltaičnih aplikacijah
Ta evropski standard določa zahteve in preskuse za naprave za zaščito pred prenapetostnimi udari (SPD), namenjene za namestitev na enosmerno stran fotovoltaičnih inštalacij za zaščito pred posrednimi in neposrednimi učinki strele. Te naprave so povezane z enosmernimi napajalnimi tokokrogi fotovoltaičnih generatorjev z napetostjo do 1500 V. Standard upošteva, da za fotovoltaične generatorje velja:
• delujejo kot generatorji toka,
• njihov nazivni tok je odvisen od intenzivnosti svetlobe,
• njihov kratkostični tok je skoraj enak nazivnemu toku,
• povezani so v serijah in/ali vzporednih kombinacijah, s katerimi nastane velika raznolikost napetosti, tokov in moči, tj. od nekaj sto W (v stanovanjskih inštalacijah) do več MW (fotovoltaična polja). Zelo specifični električni parametri fotovoltaičnih inštalacij na enosmerni strani zahtevajo specifične preskusne zahteve za naprave za zaščito pred prenapetostnimi udari. Naprav za zaščito pred prenapetostnimi udari z ločenimi vhodnimi in izhodnimi terminali, ki vsebujejo posebno vzdolžno impedanco med temi terminali (v skladu s standardom EN 61643-11 t. i. naprava za zaščito pred prenapetostnimi udari z dvoje vrati), zahteve tega standarda trenutno ne zajemajo dovolj, pri čemer jih je treba dodatno obravnavati. OPOMBA Na splošno naprave za zaščito pred prenapetostnimi udari za fotovoltaične aplikacije ne vsebujejo specifične vzdolžne impedance med vhodnimi/izhodnimi terminali zaradi zadržkov v zvezi z električno učinkovitostjo. Naprave za zaščito pred prenapetostnimi udari, ki so v skladu s tem standardom, so namenjene izključno za namestitev na enosmerno stran fotovoltaičnih generatorjev. Fotovoltaične inštalacije, ki vključujejo akumulatorje in druge enosmerne aplikacije, niso upoštevane, pri čemer so za takšne uporabe morda potrebne dodatne zahteve in preskusi. Naprave za zaščito pred prenapetostnimi udari, za katere proizvajalec navaja preobremenitev kratkostičnega načina, zahtevajo posebne ukrepe za zagotovitev, da takšne naprave ne ogrožajo upravljavca med vzdrževanjem in zamenjavo zaradi morebitnega enosmernega iskrenja.
General Information
Relations
Standards Content (Sample)
SLOVENSKI STANDARD
SIST EN 50539-11:2013
01-maj-2013
1L]NRQDSHWRVWQHQDSUDYH]D]DãþLWRSUHGSUHQDSHWRVWQLPLXGDUL1DSUDYH]D
]DãþLWRSUHGSUHQDSHWRVWQLPLXGDUL]DVSHFLILþQHDSOLNDFLMHYNOMXþQR]
HQRVPHUQLPLGHO =DKWHYHLQSUHVNXVL]D63'YIRWRYROWDLþQLKDSOLNDFLMDK
Low-voltage surge protective devices - Surge protective devices for specific application
including d.c. - Part 11: Requirements and tests for SPDs in photovoltaic applications
Überspannungsschutzgeräte für Niederspannung - Überspannungsschutzgeräte für
besondere Anwendungen einschließlich Gleichspannung - Teil 11: Anforderungen und
Prüfungen für Überspannungsschutzgeräte für den Einsatz in Photovoltaik Installationen
Parafoudres basse tension - Parafoudres pour applications spécifiques incluant le
courant continu - Partie 11: Exigences et essais pour parafoudres connectés aux
installations photovoltaïques
Ta slovenski standard je istoveten z: EN 50539-11:2013
ICS:
29.120.50 9DURYDONHLQGUXJD Fuses and other overcurrent
PHGWRNRYQD]DãþLWD protection devices
SIST EN 50539-11:2013 en,fr,de
2003-01.Slovenski inštitut za standardizacijo. Razmnoževanje celote ali delov tega standarda ni dovoljeno.
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SIST EN 50539-11:2013
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SIST EN 50539-11:2013
EUROPEAN STANDARD
EN 50539-11
NORME EUROPÉENNE
March 2013
EUROPÄISCHE NORM
ICS 29.120.50
English version
Low-voltage surge protective devices -
Surge protective devices for specific application including d.c. -
Part 11: Requirements and tests for SPDs in photovoltaic applications
Parafoudres basse tension - Überspannungsschutzgeräte für
Parafoudres pour applications spécifiques Niederspannung -
incluant le courant continu - Überspannungsschutzgeräte für
Partie 11: Exigences et essais pour besondere Anwendungen einschließlich
parafoudres connectés aux installations Gleichspannung -
photovoltaïque Teil 11: Anforderungen und Prüfungen für
Überspannungsschutzgeräte für den
Einsatz in Photovoltaik-Installationen
This European Standard was approved by CENELEC on 2012-10-15. CENELEC members are bound to comply
with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this European Standard
the status of a national standard without any alteration.
Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references concerning such national standards may be obtained on
application to the CEN-CENELEC Management Centre or to any CENELEC member.
This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other
language made by translation under the responsibility of a CENELEC member into its own language and notified
to the CEN-CENELEC Management Centre has the same status as the official versions.
CENELEC members are the national electrotechnical committees of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus,
the Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia, France, Germany,
Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, the Netherlands, Norway, Poland,
Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey and the United Kingdom.
CENELEC
European Committee for Electrotechnical Standardization
Comité Européen de Normalisation Electrotechnique
Europäisches Komitee für Elektrotechnische Normung
Management Centre: Avenue Marnix 17, B - 1000 Brussels
© 2013 CENELEC - All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved worldwide for CENELEC members.
Ref. No. EN 50539-11:2013 E
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SIST EN 50539-11:2013
EN 50539-11:2013 - 2 -
Contents
Page
Foreword . 5
1 Scope . 6
2 Normative references . 6
3 Terms, definitions and abbreviations . 7
3.1 Terms and definitions . 7
3.2 Abbreviations . 12
4 Service conditions . 13
4.1 Voltage . 13
4.2 Air pressure and altitude . 13
4.3 Temperatures . 13
4.4 Humidity . 13
5 Classification . 13
6 Requirements . 17
6.1 General requirements . 17
6.2 Electrical requirements . 18
6.3 Mechanical requirements . 20
6.4 Environmental and material requirements . 21
6.5 Additional requirements for specific SPD designs . 22
6.6 Additional parameter if declared by the manufacturer . 22
7 Type tests . 22
7.1 General . 22
7.2 General testing procedures . 23
7.3 Indelibility of markings . 30
7.4 Electrical tests . 31
7.5 Mechanical tests . 41
7.6 Environmental and material tests . 44
7.7 Additional tests for specific SPD designs . 45
7.8 Additional tests for specific performance . 45
8 Routine and acceptance tests . 46
8.1 Routine tests . 46
8.2 Acceptance tests . 46
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SIST EN 50539-11:2013
- 3 - EN 50539-11:2013
Annex A (normative) Tests to determine the presence of a switching component and the magnitude of the
follow current . 47
A.1 General . 47
A.2 Test to determine the presence of a switching (crowbar) component . 47
A.3 Test to determine the magnitude of the follow current . 47
Annex B (informative) Environmental tests for outdoor SPDs. 48
B.1 Accelerated aging test with UV radiation . 48
B.2 Water immersion test . 48
B.3 Dielectric test . 48
B.4 Temperature cycle test . 49
B.5 Verification of resistance to corrosion . 49
Annex C (normative) Temperature rise limits . 50
Annex D (informative) Transient behaviour of the PV Test source in 7.2.5.1 a) . 51
D.1 Transient behaviour of the PV test source acc. to class 7.2.5.1 . 51
D.2 Test setup using a semiconductor switch to determine the transient behaviour of a PV test
source 51
D.3 Alternative test setup using a fuse . 52
Bibliography . 54
Figure 1 Current branches vs. modes of protection of an SPD . 8
Figure 2 I configuration . 15
Figure 3 U configuration . 15
Figure 4 L configuration . 15
Figure 5 ∆ configuration . 16
Figure 6 Y configuration . 16
Figure 7 Single mode SPDs to be connected in Y configuration . 16
Figure 8 I/V characteristics . 29
Figure 9 Flow chart of testing to check the voltage protection level U . 32
p
Figure 10 Flow chart of the operating duty test . 34
Figure 11 Test set-up for operating duty test . 35
Figure 12 Operating duty test timing diagram for test classes I and II . 35
Figure 13 Additional duty test timing diagram for test class I . 36
Figure 14 Sample preparation for SPD overload behaviour test (Y and U configuration) . 37
Figure 15 Sample preparation for SPD overload behaviour test (∆, L and I configuration) . 38
Figure D.1 Test setup using an adjustable semiconductor switch to determine the transient behaviour of a
PV test source . 51
Figure D.2 Time behavior of voltage and current during switch-off operation of a semiconductor switch at
a PV source I = 4 A, U = 640 V . 51
SC OC
Figure D.3 Semiconductor switch switch-off behaviour (normalised) with intersection point i(t) / u(t) . 52
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EN 50539-11:2013 - 4 -
Figure D.4 i/u-characteristic of the PV test source calculated from the normalised current and voltage
records in Figure D.3 . 52
Figure D.5 Test setup using a fuse to determine the transient behaviour of a PV test source . 52
Figure D.6 Normalised switch-off behaviour during operation of a fuse rated 0,1 x I at a PV test source
SCPV
with intersection point i(t) / u(t) . 53
Figure D.7 i/u-characteristic of the PV test source calculated from the normalised current and voltage
records in Figure D.6 . 53
Table 1 List of Abbreviations . 12
Table 2 Tests of types 1 and 2 SPDs . 13
Table 3 Compliant termination and connection methods. 21
Table 4 Environmental and material requirements . 21
Table 5 Type test requirements for SPDs . 25
Table 6 Common pass criteria for type tests . 27
Table 7 Preferred parameters for class I test . 28
Table 8 Specific source characteristics for operating duty tests . 30
Table 9 Specific source characteristics for overload behaviour tests . 30
Table 10 Test application depending on connection configuration . 38
Table 11 Dielectric withstand . 41
Table 12 Air clearances for SPDs . 42
Table 13 Creepage distances for SPDs. 43
Table 14 Relationship between material groups and classifications . 44
Table 15 Test conductors for rated load current test . 45
Table 16 Tolerances for proportional surge currents . 46
Table C.1 Temperature-rise limits . 50
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SIST EN 50539-11:2013
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Foreword
This document (EN 50539-11:2013) has been prepared by CLC/TC 37A "Low voltage surge protective
devices".
The following dates are fixed:
• latest date by which this document has to be
(dop) 2013-10-15
implemented at national level by publication of
an identical national standard or by
endorsement
• latest date by which the national standards
(dow) 2015-10-15
conflicting with this document have to
be withdrawn
Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent
rights. CENELEC [and/or CEN] shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights.
__________
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SIST EN 50539-11:2013
EN 50539-11:2013 - 6 -
1 Scope
This European Standard defines the requirements and tests for SPDs intended to be installed on the d.c.
side of photovoltaic installations to protect against induced and direct lightning effects. These devices are
connected to d.c. power circuits of photovoltaic generators, rated up to 1 500 V.
It takes into account that photovoltaic generators:
• behave like current generators,
• that their nominal current depends on the light intensity,
• that their short-circuit current is almost equal to the nominal current,
• are connected in series and/or parallel combinations leading to a great variety of voltages, currents
and powers from a few hundreds of W (in residential installations) to several MW (photovoltaic
fields).
The very specific electrical parameters of PV installations on the d.c. side require specific test requirements
for SPDs.
SPDs with separate input and output terminal(s) that contain a specific series impedance between these
terminal(s) (so called two port SPDs according to EN 61643-11) are currently not sufficiently covered by the
requirements of this standard and require additional consideration.
NOTE In general SPDs for PV applications do not contain a specific series impedance between the input/output terminals due to power
efficiency considerations.
SPDs complying with this standard are exclusively dedicated to be installed on the d.c. side of photovoltaic
generators. PV installation including batteries and other d.c. applications are not taken into account and
additional requirements and tests may be necessary for such applications.
SPDs for which the manufacturers declares short circuit mode overload behaviour, shall require specific
measures to ensure that such devices will not endanger the operator during maintenance and replacement
due to possible d.c. arcing.
2 Normative references
The following documents, in whole or in part, are normatively referenced in this document and are
indispensable for its application. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references,
the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies.
HD 588.1 S1:1991, High-voltage test techniques Part 1: General definitions and test requirements
(IEC 60060-1:1989 + corrigendum Mar. 1990)
EN 50521, Connectors for photovoltaic systems Safety requirements and tests
EN 60068-2-78, Environmental testing Part 2-78: Tests Test Cab: Damp heat, steady state
(IEC 60068-2-78)
EN 60529, Degrees of protection provided by enclosures (IP Code) (IEC 60529)
EN 60664-1:2007, Insulation coordination for equipment within low-voltage systems Part 1: Principles,
requirements and tests (IEC 60664-1:2007)
EN 61000-6-1, Electromagnetic compatibility (EMC) Part 6-1: Generic standards Immunity for
residential, commercial and light-industrial environments (IEC 61000-6-1)
EN 61000-6-3, Electromagnetic compatibility (EMC) Part 6-3: Generic standards Emission standard for
residential, commercial and light-industrial environments (IEC 61000-6-3)
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SIST EN 50539-11:2013
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EN 61180-1, High-voltage test techniques for low-voltage equipment Part 1: Definitions, test and
procedure requirements (IEC 61180-1)
EN 61643-11:2012, Low-voltage surge protective devices Part 11: Surge protective devices connected to
low-voltage power systems Requirements and tests methods (IEC 61643-11:2011, mod.)
IEC 60050-151:2001, International Electrotechnical Vocabulary Part 151: Electrical and magnetic devices
3 Terms, definitions and abbreviations
For the purposes of this document, the following terms, definitions and abbreviations apply.
3.1 Terms and definitions
3.1.1
Surge Protective Device
SPD
device that contains at least one nonlinear component that is intended to limit surge voltages and divert
surge currents
Note 1 to entry: An SPD is a complete assembly, having appropriate connecting means.
[SOURCE: EN 61643-11:2012]
3.1.2
one-port SPD
SPD having no intended series impedance
Note 1 to entry: A one port SPD may have separate input and output connections.
[SOURCE: EN 61643-11:2012]
3.1.3
voltage switching type SPD
SPD that has a high impedance when no surge is present, but can have a sudden change in impedance to a
low value in response to a voltage surge
Note 1 to entry: Common examples of components used in voltage switching type SPDs are spark gaps, gas tubes and thyristors.
These are sometimes called "crowbar type" components.
[SOURCE: EN 61643-11:2012]
3.1.4
voltage limiting type SPD
SPD that has a high impedance when no surge is present, but will reduce it continuously with increased
surge current and voltage
Note 1 to entry: Common examples of components used in voltage limiting type SPDs are varistors and avalanche breakdown diodes.
These are sometimes called "clamping type" components.
[SOURCE: EN 61643-11:2012]
3.1.5
combination type SPD
SPD that incorporates both, voltage switching components and voltage limiting components.
Note 1 to entry: The SPD may exhibit voltage switching, limiting or both.
[SOURCE: EN 61643-11:2012]
3.1.6
modes of protection
intended current path between terminals, that contains one or more protective components, for which the
manufacturer declares a protection level, e.g. + to -, + to earth, - to earth
Note 1 to entry: Additional terminals may be included within this current path.
[SOURCE: EN 61643-11:2012]
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SIST EN 50539-11:2013
EN 50539-11:2013 - 8 -
3.1.7
current branch of an SPD
intended current path, between two nodes that contains one or more protective components
Note 1 to entry: A current branch of an SPD may be identical with a mode of protection of a SPD.
Note 2 to entry: This intended current path does not include additional terminals.
Protection
mode + to -
+ / + / -
Branch 1 Branch 2
Protection
Protection
mode +/-
mode +/-
to earth
to earth
Branch 3
PE
Figure 1 Current branches vs. modes of protection of an SPD
3.1.8
nominal discharge current
I
n
crest value of the current through the SPD having a current waveshape of 8/20
[SOURCE: EN 61643-11:2012]
3.1.9
impulse discharge current for class I test
I
imp
crest value of a discharge current through the SPD with specified charge transfer Q and specified energy
W/R in the specified time
[SOURCE: EN 61643-11:2012]
3.1.10
maximum discharge current
I
max
crest value of a current through the SPD having an 8/20 waveshape and magnitude according to the
manufacturers specification.
Note 1 to entry: I is equal to or greater than I
max n.
[SOURCE: EN 61643-11:2012]
3.1.11
maximum continuous operating voltage for PV application
U
CPV
maximum d.c. voltage which may be continuously applied to the SPDs mode of protection
3.1.12
continuous operating current for PV application
I
CPV
current flowing between active lines of the SPD when energised at U , when connected according to the
CPV
manufacturer’s instructions
3.1.13
residual current
I
PE
current flowing through the PE terminal of the SPD while energised at U when connected according to the
CPV
manufacturer’s instructions
[SOURCE: EN 61643-11:2012]
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SIST EN 50539-11:2013
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3.1.14
follow current
I
f
peak current supplied by the electrical power system and flowing through the SPD after a discharge current
impulse
Note 1 to entry: The follow current is significantly different from the continuous operating current I
CPV.
[SOURCE: EN 61643-11:2012]
3.1.15
rated load current
I
L
maximum continuous rated d.c. current that can be supplied to a resistive load connected to the protected
output of an SPD
[SOURCE: EN 61643-11:2012]
3.1.16
voltage protection level
U
p
maximum voltage to be expected at the SPD terminals due to an impulse stress with defined voltage
steepness and an impulse stress with a discharge current with given amplitude and waveshape
Note 1 to entry: The voltage protection level is given by the manufacturer and should not be exceeded by the measured limiting voltage,
determined for front-of-wave sparkover (if applicable) and the measured limiting voltage, determined from the residual voltage
measurements at amplitudes up to I and/or I for test classes I and II.
n imp
[SOURCE: EN 61643-11:2012]
3.1.17
measured limiting voltage
highest value of voltage that is measured across the terminals of the SPD during the application of impulses
of specified waveshape and amplitude
[SOURCE: EN 61643-11:2012]
3.1.18
residual voltage
U
res
crest value of voltage that appears between the terminals of an SPD due to the passage of discharge current
[SOURCE: EN 61643-11:2012]
3.1.19
1,2/50 voltage impulse
voltage impulse with a nominal virtual front time of 1,2 µs and a nominal time to half-value of 50 µs
Note 1 to entry: Clause 6 of HD 588.1 S1:1991 defines the voltage impulse definitions of front time, time to half-value and waveshape
tolerance.
[SOURCE: EN 61643-11:2012]
3.1.20
8/20 current impulse
current impulse with a nominal virtual front time of 8 µs and a nominal time to half-value of 20 µs
Note 1 to entry: Clause 8 of HD 588.1 S1:1991 defines the current impulse definitions of front time, time to half-value and waveshape
tolerance.
[SOURCE: EN 61643-11:2012]
3.1.21
thermal stability
SPD is thermally stable if, after heating up during the operating duty test, its temperature decreases with time
while energised at specified maximum continuous operating voltage and at specified ambient temperature
conditions
[SOURCE: EN 61643-11:2012]
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EN 50539-11:2013 - 10 -
3.1.22
degradation (of performance)
undesired permanent departure in the operational performance of equipment or a system from its intended
performance
[SOURCE: EN 61643-11:2012]
3.1.23
short-circuit current rating
I
SCPV
maximum prospective short-circuit current from the power system for which the SPD, in conjunction with the
disconnectors specified, is rated
[SOURCE: EN 61643-11:2012]
3.1.24
SPD disconnector (disconnector)
device for disconnecting an SPD, or part of an SPD, from the power system in the event of SPD failure
Note 1 to entry: This disconnecting device is not required to have isolating capability for safety purposes. It is to prevent a persistent
fault on the system and is used to give an indication of an SPD’s failure. Disconnectors can be either internal (built in) or , external
(required by the manufacturer) or both. There may be more than one disconnector function, for example an over-current protection
function and a thermal protection function. These functions may be in separate units.
[SOURCE: EN 61643-11:2012]
3.1.25
degree of protection of enclosure
IP
classification preceded by the symbol IP indicating the extent of protection provided by an enclosure against
access to hazardous parts, against ingress of solid foreign objects and possibly harmful ingress of water
[SOURCE: EN 61643-11:2012]
3.1.26
type test
conformity test made on one or more items representative of the production
[SOURCE: IEC 60050-151:2001, 151-16-16]
3.1.27
routine test
test made on each SPD or on parts and materials as required to ensure that the product meets the design
specifications
[SOURCE: IEC 60050-151:2001, 151-16-17]
3.1.28
acceptance tests
contractual test to prove to the customer that the item meets certain conditions of its specification
[SOURCE: IEC 60050-151:2001, 151-16-23]
3.1.29
Impulse test classification
3.1.29.1
class I tests
tests carried out with the impulse discharge current I , with an 8/20 current impulse with a crest value
imp
equal to the crest value of I , and with a 1,2/50 voltage impulse
imp
[SOURCE:
...
SLOVENSKI STANDARD
oSIST prEN 50539-11:2011
01-oktober-2011
1L]NRQDSHWRVWQHQDSUDYH]D]DãþLWRSUHGSUHQDSHWRVWQLPLXGDUL1DSUDYH]D
]DãþLWRSUHGSUHQDSHWRVWQLPLXGDUL]DVSHFLILþQHDSOLNDFLMHYNOMXþQR]
HQRVPHUQLPLGHO =DKWHYHLQSUHVNXVL]D63'YIRWRYROWDLþQLKDSOLNDFLMDK
Low-voltage surge protective devices - Surge protective devices for specific application
including d.c. - Part 11: Requirements and tests for SPDs in photovoltaic applications
Überspannungsschutzgeräte für Niederspannung - Überspannungsschutzgeräte für
besondere Anwendungen einschließlich Gleichspannung - Teil 11: Anforderungen und
Prüfungen für Überspannungsschutzgeräte für den Einsatz in Photovoltaik Installationen
Parafoudres basse tension - Parafoudres pour applications spécifiques incluant le
courant continu - Partie 11: Exigences et essais pour parafoudres connectés aux
installations photovoltaïques
Ta slovenski standard je istoveten z: prEN 50539-11:2011
ICS:
29.120.50 9DURYDONHLQGUXJD Fuses and other overcurrent
PHGWRNRYQD]DãþLWD protection devices
oSIST prEN 50539-11:2011 en,fr,de
2003-01.Slovenski inštitut za standardizacijo. Razmnoževanje celote ali delov tega standarda ni dovoljeno.
---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
oSIST prEN 50539-11:2011
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oSIST prEN 50539-11:2011
DRAFT
EUROPEAN STANDARD
prEN 50539-11
NORME EUROPÉENNE
September 2011
EUROPÄISCHE NORM
ICS 29.120.50
English version
Low-voltage surge protective devices -
Surge protective devices for specific application including d.c. -
Part 11: Requirements and tests for SPDs in photovoltaic applications
Parafoudres basse tension - Überspannungsschutzgeräte für
Parafoudres pour applications spécifiques Niederspannung -
incluant le courant continu - Überspannungsschutzgeräte für
Partie 11: Exigences et essais pour besondere Anwendungen einschließlich
parafoudres connectés aux installations Gleichspannung -
photovoltaïques Teil 11: Anforderungen und Prüfungen
für Überspannungsschutzgeräte für den
Einsatz in Photovoltaik-Installationen
This draft European Standard is submitted to CENELEC members for CENELEC enquiry.
Deadline for CENELEC: 2011-11-04.
It has been drawn up by CLC/TC 37A.
If this draft becomes a European Standard, CENELEC members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC
Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this European Standard the status of a national
standard without any alteration.
This draft European Standard was established by CENELEC in three official versions (English, French, German).
A version in any other language made by translation under the responsibility of a CENELEC member into its own
language and notified to the Central Secretariat has the same status as the official versions.
CENELEC members are the national electrotechnical committees of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus,
the Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy,
Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, the Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia,
Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and the United Kingdom.
Recipients of this draft are invited to submit, with their comments, notification of any relevant patent rights of
which they are aware and to provide supporting documentation.
Warning : This document is not a European Standard. It is distributed for review and comments. It is subject to
change without notice and shall not be referred to as a European Standard.
CENELEC
European Committee for Electrotechnical Standardization
Comité Européen de Normalisation Electrotechnique
Europäisches Komitee für Elektrotechnische Normung
Management Centre: Avenue Marnix 17, B - 1000 Brussels
© 2011 CENELEC - All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved worldwide for CENELEC members.
Project: 22527 Ref. No. prEN 50539-11:2011 E
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1 Contents
2 Page
3 Foreword . 4
4 1 Scope . 5
5 2 Normative references . 5
6 3 Terms, definitions and abbreviations . 6
7 3.1 Terms and definitions . 6
8 3.2 Abbreviations . 11
9 4 Service conditions . 11
10 4.1 Voltage . 11
11 4.2 Air pressure and altitude . 11
12 4.3 Temperatures . 12
13 4.4 Humidity . 12
14 5 Classification . 12
15 5.1 SPD design . 12
16 5.2 Types 1 and 2 SPDs- Class I and II tests . 12
17 5.3 Location . 12
18 5.4 Accessibility . 12
19 5.5 Disconnectors (including overcurrent protection) . 13
20 5.6 Degree of protection provided by enclosures . 13
21 5.7 Temperature and humidity range . 13
22 5.8 Multipole SPD . 13
23 5.9 Connection configuration . 13
24 5.10 SPD overload behaviour mode . 15
25 6 Requirements . 15
26 6.1 General requirements . 15
27 6.2 Electrical requirements . 17
28 6.3 Mechanical requirements . 19
29 6.4 Environmental and material requirements . 20
30 6.5 Additional requirements for specific SPD designs . 20
31 6.6 Additional requirements as may be declared by the manufacturer . 21
32 7 Type tests . 21
33 7.1 General testing procedures . 21
34 7.2 Indelibility of markings . 28
35 7.3 Electrical tests . 29
36 7.4 Mechanical tests . 40
37 7.5 Environmental and material tests . 43
38 7.6 Additional tests for specific SPD designs . 44
39 7.7 Additional tests for specific performance . 44
40 8 Routine and acceptance tests . 45
41 8.1 Routine tests . 45
42 8.2 Acceptance tests . 45
43 Annex A (normative) Tests to determine the presence of a switching component
44 and the magnitude of the follow current . 46
45 A.1 General . 46
46 A.2 Test to determine the presence of a switching (crowbar) component . 46
47 A.3 Test to determine the magnitude of the follow current . 46
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48 Annex B (informative) Environmental tests for outdoor SPDs . 47
49 B.1 Accelerated aging test with UV radiation . 47
50 B.2 Water immersion test . 47
51 B.3 Dielectric test . 47
52 B.4 Temperature cycle test . 48
53 B.5 Verification of resistance to corrosion . 48
54 Annex C (normative) Temperature rise limits . 49
55 Bibliography . 50
56 Figures
57 Figure 1 – Current branches vs. modes of protection of an SPD . 7
58 Figure 2 – I configuration . 13
59 Figure 3 – V configuration. 14
60 Figure 4 – L configuration . 14
61 Figure 5 – ∆ configuration . 14
62 Figure 6 – Y configuration. 15
63 Figure 7 – Single mode SPDs to be connected in Y configuration . 15
64 Figure 8 – I/V characteristics . 27
65 Figure 9 – Flow chart of testing to check the voltage protection level U . 31
p
66 Figure 10 – Flow chart of the operating duty test . 33
67 Figure 11 – Test set-up for operating duty test . 34
68 Figure 12 – Operating duty test timing diagram for test classes I and II . 34
69 Figure 13 – Additional duty test timing diagram for test class I . 35
70 Figure 14 – Sample preparation for SPD overload behaviour test (Y and V configuration) . 36
71 Figure 15 – Sample preparation for SPD overload behaviour test (∆, L and I configuration) . 37
72 Tables
73
Table 1 – List of Abbreviations . 11
74 Table 2 – Tests of types 1 and 2 SPDs . 12
75 Table 3 – Compliant termination and connection methods . 19
76 Table 4 – Environmental and material requirements . 20
77 Table 5 – Type test requirements for SPDs . 23
78 Table 6 – Common pass criteria for type tests . 25
79 Table 7 – Preferred parameters for class I test . 26
80 Table 8 – Specific source characteristics for operating duty tests . 28
81 Table 9 – Specific source characteristics for overload behaviour tests . 28
82 Table 10 – Tests to be performed to determine the measured limiting voltage . 30
83 Table 11 – Test application depending on connection configuration . 37
84 Table 12 – Dielectric withstand . 40
85 Table 13 – Air clearances for SPDs . 41
86 Table 14 – Creepage distances for SPDs . 42
87 Table 15 – Relationship between material groups and classifications . 43
88 Table 16 – Test conductors for rated load current test . 44
89 Table 17 – Tolerances for proportional surge currents . 45
90 Table C.1 – Temperature-rise limits . 49
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91 Foreword
92 This draft European Standard was prepared by the Technical Committee CENELEC TC 37A, Low voltage
93 surge protective devices. It is submitted to the second CENELEC enquiry.
94 __________
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95 1 Scope
96 This European Standard defines the requirements and tests for SPDs intended to be installed on the d.c.
97 side of photovoltaic installations to protect against induced and direct lightning effects. These devices are
98 connected to d.c. power circuits of photovoltaic generators, rated up to 1 500 V.
99 It takes into account that photovoltaic generators
100 • behave like current generators,
101 • that their nominal current depends on the light intensity,
102 • that their short-circuit current is almost equal to the nominal current,
103 • are connected in series and/or parallel combinations leading to a great variety of voltages, currents
104 and powers from a few hundreds of W (in residential installations) to several MW (photovoltaic
105 fields).
106 The very specific electrical parameters of PV installations on the d.c. side require specific test requirements
107 for SPDs.
108 SPDs with separate between input and output terminal(s) that contain a specific series impedance between
109 these terminal(s) (so called two port SPDs according to IEC 61643-11) are currently not sufficiently covered
110 by the requirements of this standard and require additional consideration
111 NOTE In general SPDs for PV applications do not contain a specific series impedance between the input/output terminals due to power
112 efficiency considerations.
113 SPDs complying with this standard are exclusively dedicated to be installed on the d.c. side of photovoltaic
114 generators. PV installation including batteries and other d.c. applications are not taken into account and
115 additional requirements and tests may be necessary for such applications.
116 SPDs for which the manufacturers declares short circuit mode overload behaviour, shall require specific
117 measures to ensure that such devices will not endanger the operator during maintenance and replacement
118 due to possible d.c. arcing.
119 2 Normative references
120 The following referenced documents are indispensable for the application of this document. For dated
121 references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced
122 document (including any amendments) applies.
123 HD 588.1 S1:1991, High-voltage test techniques – Part 1: General definitions and test requirements
124 (IEC 60060-1:1989 + corrigendum Mar. 1990)
125 EN 60529:1991, Degrees of protection provided by enclosures (IP code) (IEC 60529:1989)
126 EN 61000-6-1:2007, Electromagnetic compatibility (EMC) – Part 6-1: Generic standards – Immunity for
127 residential, commercial and light-industrial environments (IEC 61000-6-1:2005)
128 EN 61000-6-3:2007, Electromagnetic compatibility (EMC) – Part 6-3: Generic standards – Emission standard
129 for residential, commercial and light-industrial environments (IEC 61000-6-3:2006)
130 EN 61180-1:1994, High-voltage test techniques for low voltage equipment – Part 1: Definitions, test and
131 procedure requirements (IEC 61180-1:1992)
132 IEC 61643-11:2011 Low-voltage surge protective devices – Part 11: Surge protective devices connected to
133 low-voltage power systems – Requirements and tests methods
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134 3 Terms, definitions and abbreviations
135 For the purposes of this document, the following terms, definitions and abbreviations apply.
136 3.1 Terms and definitions
137 3.1.1
138 Surge Protective Device
139 SPD
140 device that contains at least one nonlinear component that is intended to limit surge voltages and divert
141 surge currents
142 [IEC 61643-11:2011]
143 NOTE An SPD is a complete assembly, having appropriate connecting means.
144 3.1.2
145 one-port SPD
146 SPD having no intended series impedance
147 NOTE A one port SPD may have separate input and output connections.
148 [IEC 61643-11:2011]
149 3.1.3
150 voltage switching type SPD
151 SPD that has a high impedance when no surge is present, but can have a sudden change in impedance to a
152 low value in response to a voltage surge
153 NOTE Common examples of components used in voltage switching type SPDs are spark gaps, gas tubes and thyristors. These are
154 sometimes called "crowbar type" components.
155 [IEC 61643-11:2011]
156 3.1.4
157 voltage limiting type SPD
158 SPD that has a high impedance when no surge is present, but will reduce it continuously with increased
159 surge current and voltage
160 NOTE Common examples of components used in voltage limiting type SPDs are varistors and avalanche breakdown diodes. These
161 are sometimes called "clamping type" components.
162 [IEC 61643-11:2011]
163 3.1.5
164 combination type SPD
165 SPD that incorporates both, voltage switching components and voltage limiting components. The SPD may
166 exhibit voltage switching, limiting or both
167 [IEC 61643-11:2011]
168 3.1.6
169 modes of protection
170 an intended current path between terminals, that contains one or more protective components, for which the
171 manufacturer declares a protection level, e.g. + to -, + to earth, - to earth
172 NOTE Additional terminals may be included within this current path.
173 [IEC 61643-11:2011, modified]
174 3.1.7
175 current branch of an SPD
176 an intended current path, between two nodes that contains one or more protective components
177 NOTE 1 A current branch of an SPD may be identical with a mode of protection of a SPD.
178 NOTE 2 This intended current path does not include additional terminals.
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Protection
mode + to -
+ /-+ / -
Branch 1 Branch 2
Protection
Protection
mode +/-
mode +/-
to earth
to earth
Branch 3
PE
179
180 Figure 1 – Current branches vs. modes of protection of an SPD
181 3.1.8
182 nominal discharge current
183 I
n
184 crest value of the current through the SPD having a current waveshape of 8/20
185 [IEC 61643-11:2011]
186 3.1.9
187 impulse discharge current for class I test
188 I
imp
189 crest value of a discharge current through the SPD with specified charge transfer Q and specified energy
190 W/R in the specified time
191 [IEC 61643-11:2011]
192 3.1.10
193 maximum discharge current
194 I
max
195 crest value of a current through the SPD having an 8/20 waveshape and magnitude according to the
196 manufacturers specification. I is equal to or greater than I
max n
197 [IEC 61643-11:2011]
198 3.1.11
199 maximum continuous operating voltage for PV application
200 U
CPV
201 maximum d.c. voltage which may be continuously applied to the SPDs mode of protection
202 3.1.12
203 continuous operating current for PV application
204 I
CPV
205 current flowing between active lines of the SPD when energized at U , when connected according to the
CPV
206 manufacturer’s instructions
207 3.1.13
208 residual current
209 I
PE
210 current flowing through the PE terminal of the SPD while energized at U when connected according to the
CPV
211 manufacturer’s instructions
212 [IEC 61643-11:2011, modified]
213 3.1.14
214 follow current
215 I
f
216 peak current supplied by the electrical power system and flowing through the SPD after a discharge current
217 impulse
218 NOTE The follow current is significantly different from the continuous operating current I
CPV.
219 [IEC 61643-11:2011, modified]
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220 3.1.15
221 rated load current
222 I
L
223 maximum continuous rated d.c. current that can be supplied to a resistive load connected to the protected
224 output of an SPD
225 [IEC 61643-11:2011, modified]
226 3.1.16
227 voltage protection level
228 U
p
229 maximum voltage to be expected at the SPD terminals due to an impulse stress with defined voltage
230 steepness and an impulse stress with a discharge current with given amplitude and waveshape
231 NOTE The voltage protection level is given by the manufacturer and should not be exceeded by the measured limiting voltage,
232 determined for front-of-wave sparkover (if applicable) and the measured limiting voltage, determined from the residual voltage
233 measurements at amplitudes up to I and/or I for test classes I and II.
n imp
234 [IEC 61643-11:2011, modified]
235 3.1.17
236 measured limiting voltage
237 highest value of voltage that is measured across the terminals of the SPD during the application of impulses
238 of specified waveshape and amplitude
239 [IEC 61643-11:2011]
240 3.1.18
241 residual voltage
242 U
res
243 crest value of voltage that appears between the terminals of an SPD due to the passage of discharge current
244 [IEC 61643-11:2011]
245 3.1.19
246 1,2/50 voltage impulse
247 voltage impulse with a nominal virtual front time of 1,2 µs and a nominal time to half-value of 50 µs
248 NOTE Clause 6 of HD 588.1 S1:1991defines the voltage impulse definitions of front time, time to half-value and waveshape tolerance.
249 [IEC 61643-11:2011]
250 3.1.20
251 8/20 current impulse
252 current impulse with a nominal virtual front time of 8 µs and a nominal time to half-value of 20 µs
253 NOTE The Clause 8 of HD 588.1 S1:1991defines the current impulse definitions of front time, time to half-value and waveshape
254 tolerance.
255 [IEC 61643-11:2011]
256 3.1.21
257 thermal runaway
258 operational condition when the sustained power dissipation of an SPD exceeds the thermal dissipation
259 capability of the SPD component, housing and connection, leading to a cumulative increase in the
260 temperature of the internal elements and resulting in failure
261 [IEC 61643-11:2011]
262 3.1.22
263 thermal stability
264 SPD is thermally stable if, after heating up during the operating duty test, its temperature decreases with time
265 while energized at specified maximum continuous operating voltage and at specified ambient temperature
266 conditions
267 [IEC 61643-11:2011]
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268 3.1.23
269 degradation (of performance)
270 undesired permanent departure in the operational performance of equipment or a system from its intended
271 performance
272 [IEC 61643-11:2011]
273 3.1.24
274 short-circuit current rating
275 I
SCPV
276 maximum prospective short-circuit current from the power system for which the SPD, in conjunction with the
277 disconnectors specified, is rated
278 [IEC 61643-11:2011, modified]
279 3.1.25
280 SPD disconnector (disconnector)
281 device for disconnecting an SPD, or part of an SPD, from the power system in the event of SPD failure
282 NOTE This disconnecting device is not required to have isolating capability for safety purposes. It is to prevent a persistent fault on the
283 system and is used to give an indication of an SPD’s failure. Disconnectors can be internal (built in) or external (required by the
284 manufacturer). There may be more than one disconnector function, for example an over-current protection function and a thermal
285 protection function. These functions may be in separate units.
286 [IEC 61643-11:2011, modified]
287 3.1.26
288 degree of protection of enclosure
289 IP
290 classification preceded by the symbol IP indicating the extent of protection provided by an enclosure against
291 access to hazardous parts, against ingress of solid foreign objects and possibly harmful ingress of water
292 [IEC 61643-11:2011, modified]
293 3.1.27
294 type test
295 conformity test made on one or more items representative of the production
296 [IEC 60050-151:2001, 151-16-16]
297 3.1.28
298 routine test
299 test made on each SPD or on parts and materials as required to ensure that the product meets the design
300 specifications
301 [IEC 60050-151:2001, 151-16-17, modified]
302 3.1.29
303 acceptance tests
304 contractual test to prove to the customer that the item meets certain conditions of its specification
305 [IEC 60050-151:2001, 151-16-23]
306 3.1.30
307 Impulse test classification
308 3.1.30.1
309 class I test
310 test carried out with the impulse discharge current I , with an 8/20 current impulse with a crest value equal
imp
311 to the crest value of I , and with a 1,2/50 voltage impulse
imp
312 [IEC 61643-11:2011
313 3.1.30.2
314 class II test
315 test carried out with the nominal discharge current I , and the 1,2/50 voltage impulse
n
316 [IEC 61643-11:2011]
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317 3.1.31
318 sparkover voltage or trigger voltage of a voltage switching SPD
319 maximum voltage value at which the sudden change from high to low impedance starts for a voltage
320 switching SPD
321 [IEC 61643-11:2011]
322 3.1.32
323 specific energy for class I test
324 W/R
325 energy dissipated by a unit resistance of 1 Ώ with the impulse discharge current I
imp
2
326 NOTE This is equal to the time integral of the square of the current (W/R = ∫ i dt).
327 [IEC 61643-11:2011]
328 3.1.33
329 prospective short-circuit current of a power supply
330 I
P
331 current which would flow at a given location in a circuit if it were short-circuited at that location by a link of
332 negligible impedance
333 [IEC 61643-11:2011]
334 3.1.34
335 status indicator
336 device that indicates the operational status of an SPD, or a part of an SPD.
337 NO
...
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