SIST EN 12012-1:2007+A1:2008
(Main)Plastics and rubber machines - Size reduction machines - Part 1: Safety requirements for blade granulators
Plastics and rubber machines - Size reduction machines - Part 1: Safety requirements for blade granulators
This document specifies the essential safety requirements applicable to the design and construction of blade granulators used to reduce objects and materials made from plastics and rubber into granules.
The machine begins with the outer edge of the feed opening, or feeding device if it is an integral part of the machine, and ends with the discharge area.
Only the significant hazards listed in clause 4 and dealt with in clause 5 are subject to this document.
This document does not deal with hazards caused by processing harmful materials.
This document is not applicable to machines which are manufactured before the date of its publication as an EN.
Kunststoff- und Gummimaschinen - Zerkleinerungsmaschinen - Teil 1: Sicherheitsanforderungen für Schneidmühlen
Diese Norm behandelt die wesentlichen Sicherheitsanforderungen, die bei Konzipierung und Bau von Schneidmühlen zum Zerkleinern von Gegenständen und Werkstoffen aus Kunststoffen und Gummi in Granulat anzuwenden sind.
Die Maschine beginnt an der Außenkante der Einfüllöffnung oder der Beschickungs¬einrichtung, falls diese ein integrierter Teil der Maschine ist, und endet mit dem Entnahmebereich.
Nur die in Abschnitt 4 angegebenen und in Abschnitt 5 behandelten signifikanten Gefährdungen sind Gegen-stand dieser Norm.
Diese Norm behandelt nicht die Gefährdungen, die bei der Verarbeitung gesundheitsgefährdender Materialien hervorgerufenen werden.
Dieses Dokument gilt nicht für Maschinen, die vor der Veröffentlichung dieser EN hergestellt worden sind.
Machines pour les matières plastiques et le caoutchouc — Machines à fragmenter — Partie 1: Prescriptions de sécurité relatives aux granulateurs à lames
Stroji za predelavo gume in plastike - Drobilni stroji - 1. del: Varnostne zahteve za rezalne drobilnike
General Information
Relations
Standards Content (Sample)
2003-01.Slovenski inštitut za standardizacijo. Razmnoževanje celote ali delov tega standarda ni dovoljeno.Stroji za predelavo gume in plastike - Drobilni stroji - 1. del: Varnostne zahteve za rezalne drobilnikeKunststoff- und Gummimaschinen - Zerkleinerungsmaschinen - Teil 1: Sicherheitsanforderungen für SchneidmühlenMachines pour les matières plastiques et le caoutchouc — Machines à fragmenter — Partie 1: Prescriptions de sécurité relatives aux granulateurs à lamesPlastics and rubber machines - Size reduction machines - Part 1: Safety requirements for blade granulators83.200Oprema za gumarsko industrijo in industrijo polimernih materialovEquipment for the rubber and plastics industriesICS:Ta slovenski standard je istoveten z:EN 12012-1:2007+A1:2008SIST EN 12012-1:2007+A1:2008en01-november-2008SIST EN 12012-1:2007+A1:2008SLOVENSKI
STANDARD
SIST EN 12012-1:2007+A1:2008
EUROPEAN STANDARD NORME EUROPÉENNE EUROPÄISCHE NORM
EN 12012-1:2007+A1
September 2008 ICS 83.200 Supersedes EN 12012-1:2007 English Version
Plastics and rubber machines - Size reduction machines - Part 1: Safety requirements for blade granulators
Machines pour les matières plastiques et le caoutchouc - Machines à fragmenter - Partie 1: Prescriptions de sécurité relatives aux granulateurs à lames
Kunststoff- und Gummimaschinen - Zerkleinerungsmaschinen - Teil 1: Sicherheitsanforderungen für Schneidmühlen This European Standard was approved by CEN on 23 June 2006 and includes Amendment 1 approved by CEN on 8 June 2008.
CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this European Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references concerning such national standards may be obtained on application to the CEN Management Centre or to any CEN member.
This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by translation under the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the CEN Management Centre has the same status as the official versions.
CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and United Kingdom.
EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATION
COMITÉ EUROPÉEN DE NORMALISATION EUROPÄISCHES KOMITEE FÜR NORMUNG
Management Centre: rue de Stassart, 36
B-1050 Brussels © 2008 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved worldwide for CEN national Members. Ref. No. EN 12012-1:2007+A1:2008: ESIST EN 12012-1:2007+A1:2008
EN 12012-1:2007+A1:2008 (E) 2 Contents Page Foreword.4 Introduction.5 1 Scope.6 2 Normative references.6 3 Terms and definitions.8 4 List of significant hazards.10 4.1 Mechanical hazards.10 4.1.1 Cutting chamber.10 4.1.2 Feeding area.10 4.1.3 Discharge area.10 4.2 Hazards generated by noise.10 4.3 Hazards generated by the materials processed.10 4.4 Hazards resulting from loss of machine stability.11 4.5 Electrical hazards.11 5 Safety requirements and/or protective measures.11 5.1 General.11 5.2 Mechanical hazards.11 5.2.1 Cutting chamber.11 5.2.2 Feeding area.12 5.3 Hazards generated by noise.13 5.3.1 Noise reduction at source by design.13 5.3.2 Main sources of noise and noise reduction measures.13 5.3.3 Measurement and declaration of noise emissions.13 5.4 Hazards generated by the material processed.14 5.5 Hazards resulting from loss of machine stability.14 5.6 Hazards due to electrical energy.14 5.6.1 General.14 5.6.2 Supply disconnecting (isolating) device.14 5.6.3 Unexpected start-up.14 5.6.4 Protection against direct contact.14 5.6.5 Protection against indirect contact.14 5.6.6 Emergency stop.15 5.6.7 Devices for emergency stop.15 5.6.8 Testing and verification.15 6 Verification of the safety requirements and/or protective measures.15 7 Information for use.17 7.1 Instruction manual.17 7.2 Marking.18 Annex A (normative)
Noise test code.19 A.1 Introduction.19 A.2 Scope.19 A.3 Determination of sound power levels.19 A.3.1 Basic standards.19 A.3.2 Measurement uncertainty.20 A.4 Determination of emission sound pressure level.20 A.4.1 Basic standards.20 A.4.2 Measurement uncertainty.20 SIST EN 12012-1:2007+A1:2008
EN 12012-1:2007+A1:2008 (E) 3 A.5 Installation and mounting conditions for noise measurement.20 A.6 Operating conditions.20 A.7 Measurement uncertainty.21 A.8 Information to be recorded.22 A.8.1 General.22 A.8.2 General data.22 A.8.3 Technical machine data.22 A.8.4 Standards.22 A.8.5 Mounting and operating conditions.22 A.8.6 Samples and material data.22 A.9 Declaration and verification of noise emission values.23 Annex ZA (informative)
Relationship between this European Standard and the Essential Requirements of EU Directive 98/37/EC.24 Annex ZB (informative)
!!!!Relationship between this European Standard and the Essential Requirements of EU Directive 2006/42/EC"""".25 Bibliography.26
SIST EN 12012-1:2007+A1:2008
EN 12012-1:2007+A1:2008 (E) 4 Foreword This document (EN 12012-1:2007+A1:2008) has been prepared by Technical Committee CEN/TC 145 “Plastics and rubber machines”, the secretariat of which is held by UNI. This European Standard shall be given the status of a national standard, either by publication of an identical text or by endorsement, at the latest by March 2009, and conflicting national standards shall be withdrawn at the latest by December 2009. This document includes Amendment 1, approved by CEN on 2008-06-08. The main changes compared to the previous version are: • addition of Annex ZB
• minor changes of Foreword, sub-clause 7.2, second and third indents, Annex A, A.9, third indent.
This document supersedes !EN 12012-1:2007." The start and finish of text introduced or altered by amendment is indicated in the text by tags ! " This document has been prepared under a mandate given to CEN by the European Commission and the European Free Trade Association, and supports essential requirements of EU Directive(s). !For relationship with EU Directive(s), see informative Annexes ZA and ZB, which are integral parts of this document." This is the first in a series of documents on the safety of size reduction machines. Part 2 deals with strand pelletisers. Part 3 deals with shredders. Part 4 deals with agglomerators. According to the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations, the national standards organizations of the following countries are bound to implement this European Standard: Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and United Kingdom. SIST EN 12012-1:2007+A1:2008
EN 12012-1:2007+A1:2008 (E) 5 Introduction This document is a type C standard as stated in EN ISO 12100.
The machinery concerned and the extent to which hazards, hazardous situations and events are covered are indicated in the scope of this document. When provisions of this type C standard are different from those which are stated in type A or B standards, the provisions of this type C standard take precedence over the provisions of the other standards, for machines that have been designed and built according to the provisions of this type C standard. SIST EN 12012-1:2007+A1:2008
EN 12012-1:2007+A1:2008 (E) 6 1 Scope This document specifies the essential safety requirements applicable to the design and construction of blade granulators used to reduce objects and materials made from plastics and rubber into granules. The machine begins with the outer edge of the feed opening, or feeding device if it is an integral part of the machine, and ends with the discharge area. Only the significant hazards listed in clause 4 and dealt with in clause 5 are subject to this document. This document does not deal with hazards caused by processing harmful materials. This document is not applicable to machines which are manufactured before the date of its publication as an EN. 2 Normative references The following referenced documents are indispensable for the application of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies. EN 294:1992, Safety of machinery — Safety distance to prevent danger zones being reached by the upper limbs. EN 574:1996, Safety of machinery — Two-hand control devices — Functional aspects — Principles for design. EN 953:1997, Safety of machinery — Guards — General requirements for the design and construction of fixed and movable guards. EN 954-1:1996, Safety of Machinery - Safety related parts of control systems - Part 1: General principles for design. EN 999:1998, Safety of machinery — The positioning of protective equipment in respect of approach speeds of parts of the human body. EN 1037:1995, Safety of machinery — Prevention of unexpected start-up. EN 1088:1995, Safety of machinery — Interlocking devices associated with guards — Principles for design and selection. EN 60204-1:2006, Safety of machinery — Electrical equipment of machines — Part 1: General requirements (IEC 60204-1:2005 modified). EN 60529: 1991, Degrees of protection provided by enclosures (IP Code) (IEC 60529:1989). EN ISO 3741:1999, Acoustics — Determination of sound power levels of noise sources using sound pressure — Precision methods for reverberation rooms (ISO 3741:1999). EN ISO 3743-1:1995, Acoustics — Determination of sound power levels of noise sources — Engineering methods for small, movable sources in reverberant fields — Part 1: Comparison method for hard-walled test rooms (ISO 3743-1:1994). EN ISO 3743-2:1996, Acoustics — Determination of sound power levels of noise sources using sound pressure — Engineering methods for small, movable sources in reverberant fields — Part 2: Methods for special reverberation test rooms (ISO 3743-2: 1994). SIST EN 12012-1:2007+A1:2008
EN 12012-1:2007+A1:2008 (E) 7 EN ISO 3744:1995, Acoustics — Determination of sound power levels of noise sources using sound pressure — Engineering method in an essentially free field over a reflecting plane (ISO 3744:1994). EN ISO 3745:2003, Acoustics — Determination of sound power levels of noise sources using sound pressure — Precision methods for anechoic and semi-anechoic rooms (ISO 3745:2003). EN ISO 3746:1995, Acoustics — Determination of sound power levels of noise sources using sound pressure — Survey method using an enveloping measurement surface over a reflecting plane (ISO 3746:1995). EN ISO 3747:2000, Acoustics — Determination of sound power levels of noise sources using sound pressure — Comparison method for use in situ (ISO 3747:2000). EN ISO 4871:1996, Acoustics — Declaration and verification of noise emission values of machinery and equipment (ISO 4871:1996). EN ISO 9614-1:1995, Acoustics — Determination of sound power levels of noise sources using sound intensity — Part 1: Measurement at discrete points (ISO 9614-1:1993). EN ISO 9614-2:1996, Acoustics — Determination of sound power levels of noise sources using sound intensity — Part 2: Measurement by scanning (ISO 9614-2:1996). EN ISO 11201:1995, Acoustics — Noise emitted by machinery and equipment — Measurement of emission sound pressure levels at a work station and at other specified positions — Engineering method in an essentially free field over a reflecting plane (ISO 11201:1995). EN ISO 11202:1995, Acoustics — Noise emitted by machinery and equipment — Measurement of emission sound pressure levels at a work station and at other specified positions — Survey method in situ (ISO 11202:1995). EN ISO 11203:1995, Acoustics — Noise emitted by machinery and equipment — Determination of emission sound pressure levels at a work station and at other specified positions from the sound power level (ISO 12203:1995). EN ISO 11204:1995, Acoustics — Noise emitted by machinery and equipment — Measurement of emission sound pressure levels at a work station and at other specified positions — Method requiring environmental corrections (ISO 11204:1995). EN ISO 11688-1:1998, Acoustics — Recommended practice for the design of low-noise machinery and equipment — Part 1: Planning (ISO/TR 11688-1:1995). EN ISO 12100-1:2003, Safety of machinery — Basic concepts, general principles for design — Part 1: Basic terminology, methodology (ISO 12100-1:2003). EN ISO 12100-2:2003, Safety of machinery — Basic concepts, general principles for design — Part 2: Technical principles (ISO 12100-2:2003). EN ISO 13850:2006, Safety of machinery — Emergency stop — Principles for design (ISO 13850:2006) SIST EN 12012-1:2007+A1:2008
EN 12012-1:2007+A1:2008 (E) 8 3 Terms and definitions For the purposes of this document the terms and definitions given in EN 12100-1:2003 and the following apply. 3.1 blade granulator machine which cuts material within the cutting chamber until the size has been so reduced that the product is allowed into the discharge area through suitably sized screen plate holes 3.2 cutting chamber part of the machine where cutting/reduction takes place 3.3 rotor cutting device to which blades are fixed inside the cutting chamber 3.4 stationary cutting blade(s) single or multiple blades fixed inside the cutting chamber 3.5 feeding area area of the machine where the feeding of material takes place 3.6 feeding device part of the machine used for feeding the material into the cutting chamber. The feeding device can be fixed, for example a hopper or similar device or movable, for example rollers, screw, conveyor belt or pneumatic transport device 3.7 rotor restraint device that prevents manual rotation of the rotor or rotation due to inertia once the granulator has come to a stop and the chamber is open 3.8 discharge area area where the granulate or finished product leaves the cutting chamber 3.9 screen plate perforated screen fitted at the discharge side of the cutting chamber to allow the passage of granulate or finished product of suitable size into the discharge area 3.10 working level surface on which the person who feeds the machine stands 3.11 loading table surface for placing material to be fed into the granulator SIST EN 12012-1:2007+A1:2008
EN 12012-1:2007+A1:2008 (E) 9
Key 1 Cutting chamber 7 Protective flap 2 Rotor 8 Discharge area 3 Rotor blade 9 Discharge hopper 4 Stationary cutting blade 10 Screen plate 5 Feed hopper 11 Guard 6 Feed opening
Figure 1 — Example of a blade granulator SIST EN 12012-1:2007+A1:2008
EN 12012-1:2007+A1:2008 (E) 10 4 List of significant hazards This clause contains all the significant hazards, hazardous situations and events, as far as they are dealt with in this document, identified by risk assessment as significant for this type of machinery and which require action to eliminate or reduce the risk. 4.1 Mechanical hazards 4.1.1 Cutting chamber ejection of parts of the machine or materials through the chamber; crushing/shearing between the rotor and the housing; cutting/severing by the blades. 4.1.2 Feeding area shearing by the feeding device; entanglement by the material being fed; falling into the feed hopper; crushing by movement of the hopper; ejection of parts of the machine or material through the feed opening. 4.1.3 Discharge area ejection of parts of the machine or materials through the chamber; crushing/shearing between the rotor and the housing; cutting/severing by the blades. 4.2 Hazards generated by noise Noise can cause: hearing damage; accidents due to interference with speech communication and interference with the perception of acoustic signals; physiological disorders. 4.3 Hazards generated by the materials processed fire caused by dust or powder generated during processing. SIST EN 12012-1:2007+A1:2008
EN 12012-1:2007+A1:2008 (E) 11 4.4 Hazards resulting from loss of machine stability 4.5 Electrical hazards Electrical shock or burns caused by direct or indirect contact with live conductive parts, or with parts that have become live due to electrical fault. 5 Safety requirements and/or protective measures 5.1 General Machinery shall comply with the safety requirements and/or protective measures of this clause. In addition, the machine shall be designed according to the principles of EN ISO 12100-2:2003 for relevant but not significant hazards which are not dealt with by this document. 5.2 Mechanical hazards 5.2.1 Cutting chamber The chamber when assembled together with the feeding device and discharge equipment shall be designed to eliminate the risks arising from hazards listed at 4.1.1 and to prevent access when the rotor is moving. 5.2.1.1 Strength The chamber shall be able to resist stresses due to normal operation or which may result from unexpected breaking or loosening of a blade during rotation. 5.2.1.2 Access through openings Access to the cutting chamber through openings shall be prevented: by design taking into consideration the safety distances of EN 294:1992, tables 2, 3 or 4 and/or by fixed distance guards in accordance with EN 953:1997, 3.2.2 and/or by interlocking guards with guard locking in accordance with EN 953:1997, 3.6 and EN 1088:1995; safety related parts of the control system shall be in accordance with EN 954-1:1996, category 3. 5.2.1.2.1 Access through the feed opening in the case of a fixed feeding device The dimensions and the design of the hopper or other feeding device shall be such as to avoid the possibility of the upper limbs reaching the cutting chamber through the feed opening taking into consideration the safety distances of EN 294:1992, table 2. If the dimensions of the feed opening are greater than 0,40 m in height and 0,50 m in width, the lower edge of this opening and/or the loading table shall be positioned not less than 1,20 m above the working level. Where the distance of 1,20 m is not practicable, direct access to the opening shall be prevented by a protective structure installed at a minimum distance of 1,20 m in front of the opening or a protective structure which allows the operator to feed the material only from an oblique position. If an automatic feeding system is mounted on the machine it shall perform the function of a protective structure. SIST EN 12012-1:2007+A1:2008
EN 12012-1:2007+A1:2008 (E) 12 5.2.1.2.2 Access through the feed opening in the case of a movable feeding device If the hopper or other feeding device is movable, access to the cutting chamber through the feed opening shall be prevented until motion of the rotor has ceased. For this purpose, the hopper or the feeding device shall act as an interlocking guard with guard locking in accordance with EN 953:1997, 3.6, and EN 1088:1995; safety related parts of the control system shall be in accordance with EN 954-1:1996, category 3. 5.2.1.2.3 Access through the discharge opening Access to the cutting chamber through the discharge area shall be prevented until all motion of the rotor has ceased. This shall be achieved by an interlocking guard with guard locking in accordance with EN 953:1997, 3.6 and EN 1088:1995; safety related parts of the control system shall in accordance with EN 954-1:1996, category 3. 5.2.1.2.4 Access through openings for maintenance or cleaning Opening in the chamber walls required for maintenance or cleaning shall be protected by interlocking guards with guard locking in accordance with EN 953:1997, 3.6 and EN 1088:1995; safety related parts of the control system shall be in accordance with EN 954-1:1996, category 3. 5.2.1.3 Rotor restraint For blade granulators with a rotor drive having inertia sufficient to cause injury, for example by being out of balance when parts are removed or when they are being removed, for example during blade loosening and removal, a rotor restraint shall become effective before the cutting chamber is sufficiently open to allow access to the rotor (see EN 294:1992, table 4). The rotor restraint shall be capable of being disengaged: by continuous action by the operator when the rotor has to be moved, and by some method that ensures that the rotor restraint must be disengaged before the granulator can be started e.g. by the closing of the cutting chamber or other suitable means. The equipment that disengages the rotor restraint shall be designed to be activated by the operator who controls the rotor movements. 5.2.2 Feeding area The feeding area shall be designed to eliminate the hazards listed at 4.1.2. 5.2.2.1 Feeding device The feeding devices shall be designed to avoid the possibility of upper limbs reaching its moving parts in accordance with EN 294:1992, tables 2, 3 or 4. If a power operated feeding device is fitted to a blade granulator processing film, fibres, strands or similar materials likely to cause entanglement, a mechanically actuated sensitive protective equipment (trip device) in accordance with EN ISO 12100-1:2003, 3.26.5 shall be provided at the feed opening to automatically stop the feeding in of the material. The sensitive protective equipment (trip device) shall be activated by a force equal to or more than 150 N. If a feed hopper is attached by a pivot or hinge, whatever system is used to open or close it, a restraining device shall be automatically activated to prevent the hopper closing unintentionally. If there is power actuation of the feed hopper movement: SIST EN 12012-1:2007+A1:2008
EN 12012-1:2007+A1:2008 (E) 13 a two-hand control device in accordance with of EN 574:1996, type III B shall be used positioned in accordance with EN 999:1998 to ensure a clear view of the opening and closing area of the feed hopper, or a hold-to-run control device in accordance with
EN ISO 12100-1:2003, 3.26.3 shall be used, positioned at a minimum distance of 2 metres from the danger area, and so as to ensure a clear view of the opening and closing area of the feed hopper. For manual feeding information shall be given in the instruction manual (see 7.1.5). 5.2.2.2 Ejection of parts of the machine or material Measures shall be taken at the design stage to prevent the possibility of ejection of parts of the machine or of material from the cutting chamber through the feed opening during processing. Examples of the measures which can be taken are: feeding devices provided with deflecting screens; protective flaps as shown in figure 1. For additional measures to reduce risks when feeding long items which may prevent closing of the protective flaps instructions shall be given in the instruction manual (see 7.1.5). 5.3 Hazards generated by noise 5.3.1 Noise reduction at source by design When designing the machine, the available information and technical measures to control the noise at source shall be taken into account, see for example EN ISO 11688-1:1998. NOTE Useful information on
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