SIST EN IEC 62037-7:2023

Passive rf and microwave devices, intermodulation level measurement - Part 7: Field measurements of passive intermodulation (IEC 62037-7:2022)

IEC 62037-7:2022 defines test methods for reverse measurement of passive intermodulation (PIM) in systems of RF components deployed in the field. Field PIM measurements can be conducted on RF systems terminated into low PIM loads or on antenna feed systems that broadcast the test signals into the environment.

Passive HF- und Mikrowellenbauteile, Messung des Intermodulationspegels - Teil 7: Feldmessungen der passiven Intermodulation (IEC 62037-7:2022)

Dispositifs RF et à micro-ondes passifs, mesure du niveau d’intermodulation - Partie 7: Mesures de l’intermodulation passive sur le terrain (IEC 62037-7:2022)

IEC 62037-7:2022 définit des méthodes d’essai de mesure inverse de l’intermodulation passive (PIM) dans les systèmes de composants RF déployés sur le terrain. Les mesures de l’intermodulation passive sur le terrain peuvent être effectuées sur des systèmes RF terminés par des charges à faible intermodulation passive ou sur des systèmes d’alimentation d’antenne qui diffusent les signaux d’essai dans l’environnement.

Pasivne radiofrekvenčne (RF) in mikrovalovne naprave, meritve intermodulacijskega nivoja - 7. del: Terenska merjenja pasivne intermodulacije (IEC 62037-7:2022)

Standard IEC 62037-7:2022 določa preskusne metode za preklopno merjenje pasivne intermodulacije (PIM) v sistemih radiofrekvenčnih komponent na terenu. Terensko merjenje pasivne intermodulacije je mogoče izvesti pri radiofrekvenčnih sistemih s priključki z nizko pasivno intermodulacijo ali sistemih z antenskim vhodom, ki oddajajo preskusne signale v okolje.

General Information

• Status: Published
• Publication Date: 14-Dec-2022
• ICS: 33.120.10 - Coaxial cables. Waveguides
• ICS: 33.120.30 - RF connectors
• Technical Committee: MOC - Mobile Communications
• Current Stage: 6060 - National Implementation/Publication (Adopted Project)
• Start Date: 14-Dec-2022
• Due Date: 18-Feb-2023
• Completion Date: 15-Dec-2022
• Ref Project: EN IEC 62037-7:2022 - Passive rf and microwave devices, intermodulation level measurement - Part 7: Field measurements of passive intermodulation

Overview

EN IEC 62037-7:2022 (CLC adoption of IEC 62037-7:2022) defines standardized field test methods for Passive Intermodulation (PIM) in deployed RF systems. It covers reverse-measurement techniques for PIM on systems either terminated into low‑PIM loads or driven through antenna feed systems that radiate test signals. The standard is part of the IEC 62037 series for PIM level measurement of passive RF and microwave devices.

Key topics and technical requirements

• Scope of measurement: Reverse PIM measurement of complete RF paths, including site infrastructure (coaxial cables, filters, antennas) and environmental contributors (mounting hardware, nearby metal objects).
• Test environment & safety: Guidance to ensure compliance with local RF radiation regulations when broadcasting test signals from antennas.
• Test frequencies: Requirements that the two fundamental test frequencies and resulting intermodulation products fall within the operating bandwidth of the system under test.
• Equipment verification: Mandatory pre-checks including:
  • Clean and inspect RF connections
  • Residual PIM tests and PIM standard tests to validate test equipment performance
  • VSWR verification to ensure acceptable impedance match
  • Interference verification to confirm measurement integrity
• Test procedures:
  • Static PIM tests - measuring steady-state PIM sources
  • Dynamic PIM tests - assessing PIM generated by moving or changing elements
  • Specific guidance for different DUT types: coaxial cable assemblies, coaxial connectors, splitters/combiners, filters, TMAs, and antennas
• Distance-to-PIM (DTP): Annex A provides informative methods to estimate or locate external vs internal PIM sources along the RF path.
• Reporting & test specification: Required test parameters and results to be included in formal measurement reports.

Applications and users

Who uses EN IEC 62037-7:

• RF site technicians and measurement engineers performing on-site PIM troubleshooting
• Mobile network operators and infrastructure contractors validating base station performance
• Antenna installers and maintenance teams assessing antenna-feedline integrity
• Test laboratories and field service providers offering PIM auditing and mitigation

Practical uses:

• Locating and quantifying passive intermodulation that degrades receiver sensitivity or uplink quality
• Verifying site upgrades or new installations meet PIM performance requirements
• Supporting maintenance programs and acceptance testing of RF sites

Related standards

Part of the IEC 62037 series - normative references include:

• IEC 62037-1: General requirements and measuring methods
• IEC 62037-2: Coaxial cable assemblies
• IEC 62037-3: Coaxial connectors
• IEC 62037-5: Filters
• IEC 62037-6: Antennas

Keywords: EN IEC 62037-7, PIM measurement, field PIM, passive intermodulation, RF testing, antenna feed PIM, distance-to-PIM, VSWR verification, residual PIM.

Standards Content (Sample)

SLOVENSKI STANDARD
01-februar-2023
Pasivne radiofrekvenčne (RF) in mikrovalovne naprave, meritve
intermodulacijskega nivoja - 7. del: Terenska merjenja pasivne intermodulacije
(IEC 62037-7:2022)
Passive rf and microwave devices, intermodulation level measurement - Part 7: Field
measurements of passive intermodulation (IEC 62037-7:2022)
Passive HF- und Mikrowellenbauteile, Messung des Intermodulationspegels - Teil 7:
Feldmessungen der passiven Intermodulation (IEC 62037-7:2022)
Dispositifs RF et à micro-ondes passifs, mesure du niveau d’intermodulation - Partie 7:
Mesures de l’intermodulation passive sur le terrain (IEC 62037-7:2022)
Ta slovenski standard je istoveten z: EN IEC 62037-7:2022
ICS:
33.120.10 Koaksialni kabli. Valovodi Coaxial cables. Waveguides
33.120.30 Radiofrekvenčni konektorji RF connectors
(RF)
2003-01.Slovenski inštitut za standardizacijo. Razmnoževanje celote ali delov tega standarda ni dovoljeno.

EUROPEAN STANDARD EN IEC 62037-7

NORME EUROPÉENNE
EUROPÄISCHE NORM December 2022
ICS 33.120.01
English Version
Passive rf and microwave devices, intermodulation level
measurement - Part 7: Field measurements of passive
intermodulation
(IEC 62037-7:2022)
Dispositifs rf et à micro-ondes passifs, mesure du niveau Passive HF- und Mikrowellenbauteile, Messung des
d'intermodulation - Partie 7: Mesures de l'intermodulation Intermodulationspegels - Teil 7: Feldmessungen der
passive sur le terrain passiven Intermodulation
(IEC 62037-7:2022) (IEC 62037-7:2022)
This European Standard was approved by CENELEC on 2022-12-02. CENELEC members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC
Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this European Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration.
Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references concerning such national standards may be obtained on application to the CEN-CENELEC
Management Centre or to any CENELEC member.
This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by translation
under the responsibility of a CENELEC member into its own language and notified to the CEN-CENELEC Management Centre has the
same status as the official versions.
CENELEC members are the national electrotechnical committees of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, the Czech Republic,
Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, the
Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Republic of North Macedonia, Romania, Serbia, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland,
Türkiye and the United Kingdom.

European Committee for Electrotechnical Standardization
Comité Européen de Normalisation Electrotechnique
Europäisches Komitee für Elektrotechnische Normung
CEN-CENELEC Management Centre: Rue de la Science 23, B-1040 Brussels
© 2022 CENELEC All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved worldwide for CENELEC Members.
Ref. No. EN IEC 62037-7:2022 E

European foreword
The text of document 46/903/FDIS, future edition 1 of IEC 62037-7, prepared by IEC/TC 46 "Cables,
wires, waveguides, RF connectors, RF and microwave passive components and accessories" was
submitted to the IEC-CENELEC parallel vote and approved by CENELEC as EN IEC 62037-7:2022.
The following dates are fixed:
• latest date by which the document has to be implemented at national (dop) 2023-09-02
level by publication of an identical national standard or by endorsement
• latest date by which the national standards conflicting with the (dow) 2025-12-02
document have to be withdrawn
Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of
patent rights. CENELEC shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights.
Any feedback and questions on this document should be directed to the users’ national committee. A
complete listing of these bodies can be found on the CENELEC website.
Endorsement notice
The text of the International Standard IEC 62037-7:2022 was approved by CENELEC as a European
Standard without any modification.
Annex ZA
(normative)
Normative references to international publications
with their corresponding European publications
The following documents are referred to in the text in such a way that some or all of their content
constitutes requirements of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For
undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments)
applies.
NOTE 1 Where an International Publication has been modified by common modifications, indicated by (mod), the
relevant EN/HD applies.
NOTE 2 Up-to-date information on the latest versions of the European Standards listed in this annex is available
here: www.cenelec.eu.
Publication Year Title EN/HD Year
IEC 62037-1 2021 Passive RF and microwave devices, EN IEC 62037-1 2021
intermodulation level measurement - Part
1: General requirements and measuring
methods
IEC 62037-2 2021 Passive RF and microwave devices, EN IEC 62037-2 2021
intermodulation level measurement - Part
2: Measurement of passive intermodulation
in coaxial cable assemblies
IEC 62037-3 2021 Passive RF and microwave devices, EN IEC 62037-3 2021
intermodulation level measurement - Part
3: Measurement of passive intermodulation
in coaxial connectors
IEC 62037-5 2021 Passive RF and microwave devices, EN IEC 62037-5 2021
intermodulation level measurement - Part
5: Measurement of passive intermodulation
in filters
IEC 62037-6 2021 Passive RF and microwave devices, EN IEC 62037-6 2022
intermodulation level measurement - Part
6: Measurement of passive intermodulation
in antennas
IEC 62037-7 ®
Edition 1.0 2022-10
INTERNATIONAL
STANDARD
NORME
INTERNATIONALE
Passive rf and microwave devices, intermodulation level measurement –

Part 7: Field measurements of passive intermodulation

Dispositifs rf et à micro-ondes passifs, mesure du niveau d’intermodulation –

Partie 7: Mesures de l’intermodulation passive sur le terrain

INTERNATIONAL
ELECTROTECHNICAL
COMMISSION
COMMISSION
ELECTROTECHNIQUE
INTERNATIONALE
ICS 33.120.01 ISBN 978-2-8322-5883-5

– 2 – IEC 62037-7:2022 © IEC 2022
CONTENTS
FOREWORD . 3
1 Scope . 5
2 Normative references . 5
3 Terms, definitions and abbreviated terms . 5
3.1 Terms and definitions . 5
3.2 Abbreviated terms . 6
4 General considerations . 6
4.1 Test environment . 6
4.2 Test frequencies . 6
4.3 Safety . 6
5 Field PIM test equipment . 7
6 Test procedure . 7
6.1 General . 7
6.2 Equipment verification . 7
6.2.1 General . 7
6.2.2 Clean and inspect RF connections . 7
6.2.3 Residual PIM test . 7
6.2.4 PIM standard test . 7
6.3 VSWR verification . 8
6.4 Interference verification . 8
6.5 Static PIM test . 8
6.6 Dynamic PIM test . 8
6.6.1 General . 8
6.6.2 Coaxial cable assemblies . 9
6.6.3 Coaxial connectors . 9
6.6.4 Splitters, combiners, filters and receive low noise amplifiers . 9
6.6.5 Antennas . 9
7 Test specification . 9
8 Report . 9
Annex A (informative) Distance-to-PIM measurements . 10

Figure A.1 – Internal vs. external PIM sources . 11

IEC 62037-7:2022 © IEC 2022 – 3 –
INTERNATIONAL ELECTROTECHNICAL COMMISSION
____________
PASSIVE RF AND MICROWAVE DEVICES,
INTERMODULATION LEVEL MEASUREMENT –

Part 7: Field measurements of passive intermodulation

FOREWORD
1) The International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) is a worldwide organization for standardization comprising
all national electrotechnical committees (IEC National Committees). The object of IEC is to promote international
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8) Attention is drawn to the Normative references cited in this publication. Use of the referenced publications is
indispensable for the correct application of this publication.
9) Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this IEC Publication may be the subject of patent
rights. IEC shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights.
IEC 62037-7 has been prepared by IEC technical committee 46: Cables, wires, waveguides, RF
connectors, RF and microwave passive components and accessories. It is an International
Standard.
The text of this International Standard is based on the following documents:
Draft Report on voting
46/903/FDIS 46/912/RVD
Full information on the voting for its approval can be found in the report on voting indicated in
the above table.
The language used for the development of this International Standard is English.

– 4 – IEC 62037-7:2022 © IEC 2022
This document was drafted in accordance with ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2, and developed in
accordance with ISO/IEC Directives, Part 1 and ISO/IEC Directives, IEC Supplement, available
at www.iec.ch/members_experts/refdocs. The main document types developed by IEC are
described in greater detail at www.iec.ch/standardsdev/publications.
A list of all parts of the IEC 62037 series, under the general title: Passive RF and microwave
devices, intermodulation level measurement, can be found on the IEC website.
The committee has decided that the contents of this document will remain unchanged until the
stability date indicated on the IEC website under webstore.iec.ch in the data related to the
specific document. At this date, the document will be
• reconfirmed,
• withdrawn,
• replaced by a revised edition, or
• amended.
IEC 62037-7:2022 © IEC 2022 – 5 –
PASSIVE RF AND MICROWAVE DEVICES,
INTERMODULATION LEVEL MEASUREMENT –

Part 7: Field measurements of passive intermodulation

1 Scope
This part of IEC 62037 defines test methods for reverse measurement of passive
intermodulation (PIM) in systems of RF components deployed in the field. Field PIM
measurements can be conducted on RF systems terminated into low PIM loads or on antenna
feed systems that broadcast the test signals into the environment.
2 Normative references
The following documents are referred to in the text in such a way that some or all of their content
constitutes requirements of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies.
For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any
amendments) applies.
IEC 62037-1:2021, Passive RF and microwave devices, intermodulation level measurement –
Part 1: General requirements and measuring methods
IEC 62037-2:2021, Passive RF and microwave devices, intermodulation level measurement –
Part 2: Measurement of passive intermodulation in coaxial cable assemblies
IEC 62037-3:2021, Passive RF and microwave devices, intermodulation level measurement –
Part 3: Measurement of passive intermodulation in coaxial connectors
IEC 62037-5:2021, Passive RF and microwave devices, intermodulation level measurement –
Part 5: Measurement of passive intermodulation in filters
IEC 62037-6:2021, Passive RF and microwave devices, intermodulation level measurement –
Part
...