D24.66 - Environment, Health, and Safety

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
4.1 This procedure serves as a screening process for carbon blacks used in the manufacturing of products that are to come into contact with food. The cyclohexane extract absorbance at 386 nm must be less than 0.10 for a 50 mm cuvette in order to fulfill various regulatory requirements.
SCOPE
1.1 This method covers the determination of extinction (absorbance) of carbon black cyclohexane extract at 386 nm using a UV spectrophotometer.  
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.  
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
3.1 The total sulfur content of a carbon black is useful in determining whether a material meets a customer’s specifications, providing data for performing a sulfur material balance around a process for environmental monitoring and reporting, and in calculations for reconstructing a rubber composition from analytical data.
SCOPE
1.1 These test methods cover the determination of the sulfur content of carbon black. The following test methods are included:    
Sections  
Test Method A  
High-Temperature Combustion With In-
frared Absorption Detection Procedures  
6 to 13  
Test Method B  
X-Ray Fluorescence  
14 to 19  
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.  
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 There are a variety of darkening agents that contribute to air and surface contamination in industrial, urban and rural environments. Biofilms (fungal and algal), soil minerals, plant fragments, rubber fragments, metal corrosion and soot are common darkening agents. Soot is formed as an unwanted by-product of combustion and consequently varies widely with the type of fuel and combustion conditions. Carbon black, on the other hand, is purposely produced under a controlled set of conditions. Therefore, it is important to be able to distinguish carbon black from soot, as well as other environmental contaminants.
SCOPE
1.1 This practice covers sampling and testing for distinguishing ASTM type carbon black, in the N100 to N900 series, from other environmental particulates.  
1.2 This practice requires some degree of expertise on the part of the microscopist. For this reason, the microscopist must have adequate training and on-the-job experience in identifying the morphological parameters of carbon black and general knowledge of other particles that may be found in the environment. In support of this analysis, Donnet's book2 is highly recommended to be used as a technical reference for recognizing and understanding the microstructure of carbon black.  
1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.  
1.4 This standard may involve hazardous materials, operations, and equipment. This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.5 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 This test procedure is used to determine the individual concentrations of the PAH compounds in the EU-8 list extracted from carbon black by the means of a Soxhlet extraction apparatus with toluene.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers the qualitative and quantitative determination of the EU-8 list of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAH) on carbon black. The EU-8 list of PAH compounds is given in Table 1. The procedure involves Soxhlet extraction with toluene followed by extract analysis using gas chromatography with mass spectrometry (GC/MS). This method is not intended to test for U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA 21 CFR 178.3297) compliance of carbon blacks used for indirect food contact applications.  
1.2 Units—The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.  
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 This test procedure is used to determine the concentration of BaP extracted from carbon black by the means of a Soxhlet extraction apparatus with toluene.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers the qualitative and quantitative determination of only benzo-α-pyrene (BaP), a specific polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (PAH), on carbon black. The procedure involves Soxhlet extraction with toluene and analysis by gas chromatography with mass spectrometry (GC/MS). This method is not intended to test for U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA 21 CFR 178.3297) compliance of carbon blacks used for indirect food contact applications.  
1.2 Units—The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.  
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
4.1 The total carbon content of a carbon black is a requirement for the calculation and reporting of carbon dioxide emissions. It can also be used in calculations to estimate yield of the process.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers the instrumental determination of carbon content in a carbon black sample. Values obtained represent the total carbon content.  
1.2 The method is applicable to tread, carcass and specialty type carbon blacks obtained from partial combustion or thermal decomposition processes, which typically contain 95 to 100 % carbon.  
1.3 The results of these tests can be expressed as mass % carbon.  
1.4 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.  
1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.6 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 This test covers the quantitation of trace metals in carbon black. The quantitation of heavy metals may help to estimate their contribution to a final finished article. Metal components may impact application properties of final products or may be a regulatory issue. It is the responsibility of the user of the material to consider the impact of the elements when designing a final product.  
5.2 Elements which cannot be digested with nitric acid, such as silicon, cannot be quantified by this test method. This standard describes two digestion methods; microwave acid digestion and furnace ashing. The furnace ashing method may not be appropriate for certain more volatile elements which can be lost during incineration.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers the determination of metal content in carbon black with ICP-OES or ICP-MS after adequate digestion. See 3.1.5 – 3.1.7 for definitions.  
1.2 The concentration ranges covered by these test methods are determined by the sensitivity of the instruments, the amount of sample taken for analysis and the dilution volume.  
1.3 Detection limits, sensitivity and optimum ranges of the metals will vary with the matrices and model of spectrometer.  
1.4 Elements present at concentrations above the linear response range of the calibration curve can be determined with additional appropriate dilutions.  
1.5 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.  
1.6 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.7 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
3.1 Measuring the total sulfur content of feedstock oil is often a necessary component in calculations for sulfur dioxide emissions.  
3.2 The carbon black industry measures sulfur content of feedstock oils along with sulfur content of carbon black products per Test Method D1619 in calculations to determine sulfur dioxide emissions for compliance with governmental reporting requirements.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers the instrumental determination of sulfur content in samples of carbon black feedstock oils. Values obtained represent the total sulfur content. Two analysis methods are available for use:    
Test Method A: High-Temperature Combustion With
Infrared Absorption Detection Procedures  
Sections 4 – 10  
Test Method B: X-Ray Fluorescence  
Sections 13 – 17  
1.2 This test method is applicable to carbon black feedstock oils derived from petroleum, coal, and other sources which include fuel oils, residues, tars, pitches, reclaimed oils, and similar materials that are normally handled as liquids. This test method is applicable to products typically containing 0 to 5 mass % sulfur.  
1.3 The results of these tests can be expressed as mass % sulfur.  
1.4 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.  
1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.6 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
4.1 Measuring the total carbon content of feedstock oil is often a necessary component in calculations for carbon dioxide emissions, estimating yield of a process, or assessing product quality.  
4.2 The carbon black industry measures carbon content of feedstock oils along with carbon content of carbon black products per Test Method D7633 for Carbon Black-Carbon Content in calculations to determine carbon dioxide emissions for compliance with governmental greenhouse-gas-reporting requirements.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers the instrumental determination of carbon content in samples of carbon black feedstock oils. Values obtained represent the total carbon content.  
1.2 This test method is applicable to carbon black feedstock oils derived from petroleum, coal, and other sources which include fuel oils, residues, tars, pitches, reclaimed oils, and similar materials that are normally handled as liquids. This test method is applicable to products that typically contain 75 to 94 mass % carbon.  
1.3 The results of these tests can be expressed as mass % carbon.  
1.4 Units—The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.  
1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.6 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 There are a variety of darkening agents that contribute to air and surface contamination in industrial, urban and rural environments. Biofilms (fungal and algal), soil minerals, plant fragments, rubber fragments, metal corrosion and soot are common darkening agents. Soot is formed as an unwanted by-product of combustion and consequently varies widely with the type of fuel and combustion conditions. Carbon black, on the other hand, is purposely produced under a controlled set of conditions. Therefore, it is important to be able to distinguish carbon black from soot, as well as other environmental contaminants.
SCOPE
1.1 This practice covers sampling and testing for distinguishing ASTM type carbon black, in the N100 to N900 series, from other environmental particulates.  
1.2 This practice requires some degree of expertise on the part of the microscopist. For this reason, the microscopist must have adequate training and on-the-job experience in identifying the morphological parameters of carbon black and general knowledge of other particles that may be found in the environment. In support of this analysis, Donnet's book2 is highly recommended to be used as a technical reference for recognizing and understanding the microstructure of carbon black.  
1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.  
1.4 This standard may involve hazardous materials, operations, and equipment. This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.5 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
3.1 The total sulfur content of a carbon black is useful in determining whether a material meets a customer’s specifications, providing data for performing a sulfur material balance around a process for environmental monitoring and reporting, and in calculations for reconstructing a rubber composition from analytical data.
SCOPE
1.1 These test methods cover the determination of the sulfur content of carbon black. The following test methods are included:    
Sections  
Test Method A  
High-Temperature Combustion With In-
frared Absorption Detection Procedures  
6 to 13  
Test Method B  
X-Ray Fluorescence  
14 to 19  
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.  
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
4.1 This procedure serves as a screening process for carbon blacks used in the manufacturing of products that are to come into contact with food. The cyclohexane extract absorbance at 386 nm must be less than 0.10 for a 50 mm cuvette in order to fulfill various regulatory requirements.
SCOPE
1.1 This method covers the determination of extinction (absorbance) of carbon black cyclohexane extract at 386 nm using a UV spectrophotometer.  
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.  
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
4.1 The total carbon content of a carbon black is a requirement for the calculation and reporting of carbon dioxide emissions. It can also be used in calculations to estimate yield of the process.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers the instrumental determination of carbon content in a carbon black sample. Values obtained represent the total carbon content.  
1.2 The method is applicable to tread, carcass and specialty type carbon blacks obtained from partial combustion or thermal decomposition processes, which typically contain 95 to 100 % carbon.  
1.3 The results of these tests can be expressed as mass % carbon.  
1.4 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.  
1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.6 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 There are a variety of darkening agents that contribute to air and surface contamination in industrial, urban and rural environments. Biofilms (fungal and algal), soil minerals, plant fragments, rubber fragments, metal corrosion and soot are common darkening agents. Soot is formed as an unwanted by-product of combustion and consequently varies widely with the type of fuel and combustion conditions. Carbon black, on the other hand, is purposely produced under a controlled set of conditions. Therefore, it is important to be able to distinguish carbon black from soot, as well as other environmental contaminants.
SCOPE
1.1 This practice covers sampling and testing for distinguishing ASTM type carbon black, in the N100 to N900 series, from other environmental particulates.  
1.2 This practice requires some degree of expertise on the part of the microscopist. For this reason, the microscopist must have adequate training and on-the-job experience in identifying the morphological parameters of carbon black and general knowledge of other particles that may be found in the environment. In support of this analysis, Donnet's book2 is highly recommended to be used as a technical reference for recognizing and understanding the microstructure of carbon black.  
1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.  
1.4 This standard may involve hazardous materials, operations, and equipment. This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.5 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 This test procedure is used to determine the concentration of BaP extracted from carbon black by the means of a Soxhlet extraction apparatus with toluene.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers the qualitative and quantitative determination of only benzo-α-pyrene (BaP), a specific polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (PAH), on carbon black. The procedure involves Soxhlet extraction with toluene and analysis by gas chromatography with mass spectrometry (GC/MS). This method is not intended to test for U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA 21 CFR 178.3297) compliance of carbon blacks used for indirect food contact applications.  
1.2 Units—The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.  
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 This test procedure is used to determine the individual concentrations of the PAH compounds in the EU-8 list extracted from carbon black by the means of a Soxhlet extraction apparatus with toluene.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers the qualitative and quantitative determination of the EU-8 list of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAH) on carbon black. The EU-8 list of PAH compounds is given in Table 1. The procedure involves Soxhlet extraction with toluene followed by extract analysis using gas chromatography with mass spectrometry (GC/MS). This method is not intended to test for U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA 21 CFR 178.3297) compliance of carbon blacks used for indirect food contact applications.  
1.2 Units—The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.  
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 This test procedure is used to determine the concentration of BaP extracted from carbon black by the means of a Soxhlet extraction apparatus with toluene.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers the qualitative and quantitative determination of only benzo-α-pyrene (BaP), a specific polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (PAH), on carbon black. The procedure involves Soxhlet extraction with toluene and analysis by gas chromatography with mass spectrometry (GC/MS). This method is not intended to test for U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA 21 CFR 178.3297) compliance of carbon blacks used for indirect food contact applications.  
1.2 Units—The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.  
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
3.1 The total sulfur content of a carbon black is useful in determining whether a material meets a customer’s specifications, providing data for performing a sulfur material balance around a process for environmental monitoring and reporting, and in calculations for reconstructing a rubber composition from analytical data.
SCOPE
1.1 These test methods cover the determination of the sulfur content of carbon black. The following test methods are included:    
Sections  
Test Method A  
High-Temperature Combustion With In-
frared Absorption Detection Procedures  
6 to 13  
Test Method B  
X-Ray Fluorescence  
14 to 19  
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.  
1.3   This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
3.1 The total sulfur content of a carbon black is useful in determining whether a material meets a customer’s specifications, providing data for performing a sulfur material balance around a process for environmental monitoring and reporting, and in calculations for reconstructing a rubber composition from analytical data.
SCOPE
1.1 These test methods cover the determination of the sulfur content of carbon black. The following test methods are included:    
Sections  
Test Method A  
High-Temperature Combustion With In-
frared Absorption Detection Procedures  
6 to 13  
Test Method B  
X-Ray Fluorescence  
14 to 19  
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.  
1.3   This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
3.1 Measuring the total sulfur content of feedstock oil is often a necessary component in calculations for sulfur dioxide emissions.  
3.2 The carbon black industry measures sulfur content of feedstock oils along with sulfur content of carbon black products per Test Method D1619 in calculations to determine sulfur dioxide emissions for compliance with governmental reporting requirements.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers the instrumental determination of sulfur content in samples of carbon black feedstock oils. Values obtained represent the total sulfur content. Two analysis methods are available for use:    
Test Method A: High-Temperature Combustion With
Infrared Absorption Detection Procedures  
Sections 4 – 10  
Test Method B: X-Ray Fluorescence  
Sections 13 – 17  
1.2 This test method is applicable to carbon black feedstock oils derived from petroleum, coal, and other sources which include fuel oils, residues, tars, pitches, reclaimed oils, and similar materials that are normally handled as liquids. This test method is applicable to products typically containing 0 to 5 mass % sulfur.  
1.3 The results of these tests can be expressed as mass % sulfur.  
1.4 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.  
1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
4.1 Measuring the total carbon content of feedstock oil is often a necessary component in calculations for carbon dioxide emissions, estimating yield of a process, or assessing product quality.  
4.2 The carbon black industry measures carbon content of feedstock oils along with carbon content of carbon black products per Test Method D7633 for Carbon Black-Carbon Content in calculations to determine carbon dioxide emissions for compliance with governmental greenhouse-gas-reporting requirements.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers the instrumental determination of carbon content in samples of carbon black feedstock oils. Values obtained represent the total carbon content.  
1.2 This test method is applicable to carbon black feedstock oils derived from petroleum, coal, and other sources which include fuel oils, residues, tars, pitches, reclaimed oils, and similar materials that are normally handled as liquids. This test method is applicable to products that typically contain 75 to 94 mass % carbon.  
1.3 The results of these tests can be expressed as mass % carbon.  
1.4 Units—The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.  
1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
4.1 This procedure serves as a screening process for carbon blacks used in the manufacturing of products that are to come into contact with food. The cyclohexane extract absorbance at 386 nm must be less than 0.10 for a 50 mm cuvette in order to fulfill various regulatory requirements.
SCOPE
1.1 This method covers the determination of extinction (absorbance) of carbon black cyclohexane extract at 386 nm using a UV spectrophotometer.  
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.  
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 This test procedure is used to determine the concentration of BaP extracted from carbon black by the means of a Soxhlet extraction apparatus with toluene.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers the qualitative and quantitative determination of only benzo-α-pyrene (BaP), a specific polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (PAH), on carbon black. The procedure involves Soxhlet extraction with toluene and analysis by gas chromatography with mass spectrometry (GC/MS). This method is not intended to test for U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA 21 CFR 178.3297) compliance of carbon blacks used for indirect food contact applications.  
1.2 Units—The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.  
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
4.1 Measuring the total carbon content of feedstock oil is often a necessary component in calculations for carbon dioxide emissions, estimating yield of a process, or assessing product quality.  
4.2 The carbon black industry measures carbon content of feedstock oils along with carbon content of carbon black products per Test Method D7633 for Carbon Black-Carbon Content in calculations to determine carbon dioxide emissions for compliance with governmental greenhouse-gas-reporting requirements.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers the instrumental determination of carbon content in samples of carbon black feedstock oils. Values obtained represent the total carbon content.  
1.2 This test method is applicable to carbon black feedstock oils derived from petroleum, coal, and other sources which include fuel oils, residues, tars, pitches, reclaimed oils, and similar materials that are normally handled as liquids. This test method is applicable to products that typically contain 75 to 94 mass % carbon.  
1.3 The results of these tests can be expressed as mass % carbon.  
1.4 Units—The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.  
1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
4.1 The total carbon content of a carbon black is a requirement for the calculation and reporting of carbon dioxide emissions. It can also be used in calculations to estimate yield of the process.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers the instrumental determination of carbon content in a carbon black sample. Values obtained represent the total carbon content.  
1.2 The method is applicable to tread, carcass and specialty type carbon blacks obtained from partial combustion or thermal decomposition processes, which typically contain 95 to 100 % carbon.  
1.3 The results of these tests can be expressed as mass % carbon.  
1.4 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.  
1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 This test procedure is used to determine the concentration of BaP extracted from carbon black by the means of a Soxhlet extraction apparatus with toluene.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers the qualitative and quantitative determination of only benzo-α-pyrene (BaP), a specific polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (PAH), on carbon black. The procedure involves Soxhlet extraction with toluene and analysis by gas chromatography with mass spectrometry (GC/MS). This method is not intended to test for U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA 21 CFR 178.3297) compliance of carbon blacks used for indirect food contact applications.  
1.2 Units—The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.  
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
3.1 Measuring the total sulfur content of feedstock oil is often a necessary component in calculations for sulfur dioxide emissions.  
3.2 The carbon black industry measures sulfur content of feedstock oils along with sulfur content of carbon black products per Test Method D1619 in calculations to determine sulfur dioxide emissions for compliance with governmental reporting requirements.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers the instrumental determination of sulfur content in samples of carbon black feedstock oils. Values obtained represent the total sulfur content. Two analysis methods are available for use:    
Test Method A: High-Temperature Combustion With
Infrared Absorption Detection Procedures  
Sections 4 – 10  
Test Method B: X-Ray Fluorescence  
Sections 13 – 17
1.2 This test method is applicable to carbon black feedstock oils derived from petroleum, coal, and other sources which include fuel oils, residues, tars, pitches, reclaimed oils, and similar materials that are normally handled as liquids. This test method is applicable to products typically containing 0 to 5 mass % sulfur.  
1.3 The results of these tests can be expressed as mass % sulfur.  
1.4 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.  
1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 There are a variety of darkening agents that contribute to air and surface contamination in industrial, urban and rural environments. Biofilms (fungal and algal), soil minerals, plant fragments, rubber fragments, metal corrosion and soot are common darkening agents. Soot is formed as an unwanted by-product of combustion and consequently varies widely with the type of fuel and combustion conditions. Carbon black, on the other hand, is purposely produced under a controlled set of conditions. Therefore, it is important to be able to distinguish carbon black from soot, as well as other environmental contaminants.
SCOPE
1.1 This practice covers sampling and testing for distinguishing ASTM type carbon black, in the N100 to N900 series, from other environmental particulates.  
1.2 This practice requires some degree of expertise on the part of the microscopist. For this reason, the microscopist must have adequate training and on-the-job experience in identifying the morphological parameters of carbon black and general knowledge of other particles that may be found in the environment. In support of this analysis, Donnet's book2 is highly recommended to be used as a technical reference for recognizing and understanding the microstructure of carbon black.  
1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.  
1.4 This standard may involve hazardous materials, operations, and equipment. This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
This procedure serves as a screening process for carbon blacks used in the manufacturing of products that are to come into contact with food. The cyclohexane extract absorbance at 386 nm must be less than 0.10 for a 50 mm cuvette in order to fulfill various regulatory requirements. ^SCOPE:
1.1 This method covers the determination of extinction (absorbance) of carbon black cyclohexane extract at 386 nm using a UV spectrophotometer.
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
SCOPE
1.1 This method covers the determination of extinction (absorbance) of carbon black cyclohexane extract at 386 nm using a UV spectrophotometer.
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
Measuring the total sulfur content of feedstock oil is often a necessary component in calculations for sulfur dioxide emissions.
The carbon black industry measures sulfur content of feedstock oils along with sulfur content of carbon black products per Test Method D1619 in calculations to determine sulfur dioxide emissions for compliance with governmental reporting requirements.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers the instrumental determination of sulfur content in samples of carbon black feedstock oils. Values obtained represent the total sulfur content.
1.2 This test method is applicable to carbon black feedstock oils derived from petroleum, coal, and other sources which include fuel oils, residues, tars, pitches, reclaimed oils, and similar materials that are normally handled as liquids. This test method is applicable to products typically containing 0 to 5 mass % sulfur.  
1.3 The results of these tests can be expressed as mass % sulfur.
1.4 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.
1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
This test procedure is used to determine the concentration of BaP extracted from carbon black by the means of a Soxhlet extraction apparatus with toluene.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers the qualitative and quantitative determination of only benzo-α-pyrene (BaP), a specific polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (PAH), on carbon black. The procedure involves Soxhlet extraction with toluene and analysis by gas chromatography with mass spectrometry (GC/MS). This method is not intended to test for U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) compliance of carbon blacks used for indirect food contact applications.
1.2 Units—The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
The total sulfur content of a carbon black is useful in determining whether a material meets a customer’s specifications, providing data for performing a sulfur material balance around a process for environmental monitoring and reporting, and in calculations for reconstructing a rubber composition from analytical data.
SCOPE
1.1 These test methods cover the determination of the sulfur content of carbon black. The following test methods are included:
Sections Test Method AHigh-Temperature Combustion With In-
frared Absorption Detection Procedures6 to 13 Test Method BX-Ray Fluorescence14 to 19
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.
1.3   This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
Measuring the total carbon content of feedstock oil is often a necessary component in calculations for carbon dioxide emissions, estimating yield of a process, or assessing product quality.
The carbon black industry measures carbon content of feedstock oils along with carbon content of carbon black products per Test Method for Carbon Black-Carbon Content in calculations to determine carbon dioxide emissions for compliance with governmental greenhouse-gas-reporting requirements.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers the instrumental determination of carbon content in samples of carbon black feedstock oils. Values obtained represent the total carbon content.
1.2 This test method is applicable to carbon black feedstock oils derived from petroleum, coal, and other sources which include fuel oils, residues, tars, pitches, reclaimed oils, and similar materials that are normally handled as liquids. This test method is applicable to products that typically contain 75 to 94 mass % carbon.
1.3 The results of these tests can be expressed as mass % carbon.
1.4 Units—The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.
1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
Measuring the total sulfur content of feedstock oil is often a necessary component in calculations for sulfur dioxide emissions.
The carbon black industry measures sulfur content of feedstock oils along with sulfur content of carbon black products per Test Method D1619 in calculations to determine sulfur dioxide emissions for compliance with governmental reporting requirements.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers the instrumental determination of sulfur content in samples of carbon black feedstock oils. Values obtained represent the total sulfur content.
1.2 This test method is applicable to carbon black feedstock oils derived from petroleum, coal, and other sources which include fuel oils, residues, tars, pitches, reclaimed oils, and similar materials that are normally handled as liquids. This test method is applicable to products typically containing 0 to 5 mass % sulfur.  
1.3 The results of these tests can be expressed as mass % sulfur.
1.4 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.
1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
The total carbon content of a carbon black is a requirement for the calculation and reporting of carbon dioxide emissions. It can also be used in calculations to estimate yield of the process.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers the instrumental determination of carbon content in a carbon black sample. Values obtained represent the total carbon content.
1.2 The method is applicable to tread, carcass and specialty type carbon blacks obtained from partial combustion or thermal decomposition processes, which typically contain 95-100 % carbon.  
1.3 The results of these tests can be expressed as mass % carbon.
1.4 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.
1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
The total sulfur content of a carbon black is useful in determining whether a material meets a customer’s specifications, providing data for performing a sulfur material balance around a process for environmental monitoring and reporting, and in calculations for reconstructing a rubber composition from analytical data.
SCOPE
1.1 These test methods cover the determination of the sulfur content of carbon black. The following test methods are included:

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
The total carbon content of a carbon black is a requirement for the calculation and reporting of carbon dioxide emissions. It can also be used in calculations to estimate yield of the process.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers the instrumental determination of carbon content in a carbon black sample. Values obtained represent the total carbon content.
1.2 The method is applicable to tread, carcass and specialty type carbon blacks obtained from partial combustion or thermal decomposition processes, which typically contain 95-100 % carbon.  
1.3 The results of these tests can be expressed as mass % carbon.
1.4 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.
1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
Measuring the total carbon content of feedstock oil is often a necessary component in calculations for carbon dioxide emissions, estimating yield of a process, or assessing product quality.
The carbon black industry measures carbon content of feedstock oils along with carbon content of carbon black products per Test Method for Carbon Black-Carbon Content in calculations to determine carbon dioxide emissions for compliance with governmental greenhouse-gas-reporting requirements.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers the instrumental determination of carbon content in samples of carbon black feedstock oils. Values obtained represent the total carbon content.
1.2 This test method is applicable to carbon black feedstock oils derived from petroleum, coal, and other sources which include fuel oils, residues, tars, pitches, reclaimed oils, and similar materials that are normally handled as liquids. This test method is applicable to products that typically contain 75 to 94 mass % carbon.
1.3 The results of these tests can be expressed as mass % carbon.
1.4 Units—The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.
1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
The total carbon content of a carbon black is a requirement for the calculation and reporting of carbon dioxide emissions. It can also be used in calculations to estimate yield of the process.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers the instrumental determination of carbon content in a carbon black sample. Values obtained represent the total carbon content.
1.2 The method is applicable to tread, carcass and specialty type carbon blacks obtained from partial combustion or thermal decomposition processes, which typically contain 95-100 % carbon.  
1.3 The results of these tests can be expressed as mass % carbon.
1.4 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.
1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
Particulate emissions are major contributors to air contamination in industrial and urban environments. Soot is formed as an unwanted by-product of combustion and consequently varies widely with the type of fuel and combustion conditions. Carbon black, on the other hand, is purposely produced under a controlled set of conditions. Therefore, it is important to be able to distinguish carbon black from soot, as well as other environmental contaminants.
SCOPE
1.1 This practice covers sampling and testing for distinguishing ASTM type carbon black, in the N100 to N900 series, from other environmental particulates.
1.2 This practice requires some degree of expertise on the part of the microscopist. For this reason, the microscopist must have adequate training and substantial on-the-job experience in identifying the morphological parameters of carbon black. In support of this analysis, Donnet's book is highly recommended to be used as a technical reference for recognizing and understanding the microstructure of carbon black.
1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.
1.4 This standard may involve hazardous materials, operations, and equipment. This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
The total sulfur content of a carbon black is useful in calculations for reconstructing a rubber composition from analytical data.
SCOPE
1.1 These test methods cover the determination of the sulfur content of carbon black. The following test methods are included:
Sections Test Method AHigh-Temperature Combustion With In-
frared Absorption Detection Procedures6 to 13 Test Method BX-Ray Fluorescence14
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.
1.3   This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
Particulate emissions are major contributors to air contamination in industrial and urban environments. Soot is formed as an unwanted by-product of combustion and consequently varies widely with the type of fuel and combustion conditions. Carbon black, on the other hand, is purposely produced under a controlled set of conditions. Therefore, it is important to be able to distinguish carbon black from soot, as well as other environmental contaminants.
SCOPE
1.1 This practice covers sampling and testing for distinguishing ASTM type carbon black, in the N100 to N900 series, from other environmental particulates.
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are for information.
1.3 This standard may involve hazardous materials, operations, and equipment. This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
1.4 This practice requires some degree of expertise on the part of the microscopist. For this reason, the microscopist must have adequate training and substantial on-the-job experience in identifying the morphological parameters of carbon black. In support of this analysis, Donnet's book is highly recommended to be used as a technical reference for recognizing and understanding the microstructure of carbon black.

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
Particulate emissions are major contributors to air contamination in industrial and urban environments. Soot is formed as an unwanted by-product of combustion and consequently varies widely with the type of fuel and combustion conditions. Carbon black, on the other hand, is purposely produced under a controlled set of conditions. Therefore, it is important to be able to distinguish carbon black from soot, as well as other environmental contaminants.
SCOPE
1.1 This practice covers sampling and testing for distinguishing ASTM type carbon black, in the N100 to N900 series, from other environmental particulates.
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are for information.
1.3 This standard may involve hazardous materials, operations, and equipment. This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
1.4 This practice requires some degree of expertise on the part of the microscopist. For this reason, the microscopist must have adequate training and substantial on-the-job experience in identifying the morphological parameters of carbon black. In support of this analysis, Donnet's book is highly recommended to be used as a technical reference for recognizing and understanding the microstructure of carbon black.

SCOPE
1.1 This practice covers sampling and testing for distinguishing ASTM type carbon black, in the N100 to N900 series, from other environmental particulates.
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are for information.
1.3 This standard may involve hazardous materials, operations, and equipment. This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
1.4 This practice requires some degree of expertise on the part of the microscopist. For this reason, the microscopist must have adequate training and substantial on-the-job experience in identifying the morphological parameters of carbon black. In support of this analysis, Donnet's book is highly recommended to be used as a technical reference for recognizing and understanding the microstructure of carbon black.

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
The total sulfur content of a carbon black is useful in calculations for reconstructing a rubber composition from analytical data.
SCOPE
1.1 These test methods cover the determination of the sulfur content of carbon black. The following test methods are included:SectionsTest Method AHigh-Temperature Combustion With In-frared Absorption Detection Procedures6 to 13Test Method BX-Ray Fluorescence14
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard.
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

SCOPE
1.1 This practice covers sampling and testing for distinguishing carbon black from other environmental particulates.
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are for information.
1.3 This standard may involve hazardous materials, operations, and equipment. This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
1.4 This practice requires some degree of expertise on the part of the microscopist. For this reason, the microscopist must have adequate training and substantial one-the-job experience in identifying the morphological parameters of carbon black.

SCOPE
1.1 This practice covers sampling and testing for distinguishing carbon black from other environmental particulates.
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are for information.
1.3 This standard may involve hazardous materials, operations, and equipment. This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
1.4 This practice requires some degree of expertise on the part of the microscopist. For this reason, the microscopist must have adequate training and substantial one-the-job experience in identifying the morphological parameters of carbon black.

SCOPE
1.1 This practice covers sampling and testing for distinguishing carbon black from other environmental particulates.
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are for information.
1.3 This standard may involve hazardous materials, operations, and equipment. This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
1.4 This practice requires some degree of expertise on the part of the microscopist. For this reason, the microscopist must have adequate training and substantial one-the-job experience in identifying the morphological parameters of carbon black.

SCOPE
1.1 These test methods cover the determination of the sulfur content of carbon black.
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard.