CEN/SS F05 - Measuring insreuments

This document defines terms and symbols and establishes the general principles for methods of measurement and computation of the flow rate of fluid flowing in a conduit by means of pressure differential devices (orifice plates, nozzles, Venturi tubes, cone meters, and wedge meters) when they are inserted into a circular cross-section conduit running full. This document also specifies the general requirements for methods of measurement, installation and determination of the uncertainty of the measurement of flow rate.
ISO 5167 (all parts) is applicable only to flow that remains subsonic throughout the measuring section and where the fluid can be considered as single-phase. It is not applicable to the measurement of pulsating flow.

This document specifies the geometry and method of use (installation in a system and operating conditions) of critical flow nozzles (CFNs) used to determine the mass flow rate of a gas flowing through a system basically without the need to calibrate the CFN. It also gives the information necessary for calculating the flow rate and its associated uncertainty.
This document is applicable to nozzles in which the gas flow accelerates to the critical velocity at the minimum flowing section, and only where there is steady flow of single-phase gas. When the critical velocity is attained in the nozzle, the mass flow rate of the gas flowing through the nozzle is the maximum possible for the existing inlet condition, while the CFN can only be used within specified limits, e.g. the CFN throat to inlet diameter ratio and Reynolds number. This document deals with the toroidal- and cylindrical-throat CFNs for which direct calibration experiments have been made in sufficient number to enable the resulting coefficients to be used with certain predictable limits of uncertainty.

This document specifies the geometry and method of use (installation and operating conditions) of orifice plates when they are inserted in a conduit running full to determine the flow rate of the fluid flowing in the conduit.
This document also provides background information for calculating the flow rate and is applicable in conjunction with the requirements given in ISO 5167‑1.
This document is applicable to primary devices having an orifice plate used with flange pressure tappings, or with corner pressure tappings, or with D and D/2 pressure tappings. Other pressure tappings such as “vena contracta” and pipe tappings are not covered by this document. This document is applicable only to a flow which remains subsonic throughout the measuring section and where the fluid can be considered as single phase. It is not applicable to the measurement of pulsating flow[1]. It does not cover the use of orifice plates in pipe sizes less than 50 mm or more than 1 000 mm, or where the pipe Reynolds numbers are below 5 000.

This document specifies the geometry and method of use (installation and operating conditions) of Venturi tubes[1] when they are inserted in a conduit running full to determine the flow rate of the fluid flowing in the conduit.
This document also provides background information for calculating the flow rate and is applicable in conjunction with the requirements given in ISO 5167-1.
This document is applicable only to Venturi tubes in which the flow remains subsonic throughout the measuring section and where the fluid can be considered as single-phase. In addition, Venturi tubes can only be used uncalibrated in accordance with this standard within specified limits of pipe size, roughness, diameter ratio and Reynolds number, or alternatively they can be used across their calibrated range. This document is not applicable to the measurement of pulsating flow. It does not cover the use of uncalibrated Venturi tubes in pipes sized less than 50 mm or more than 1 200 mm, or where the pipe Reynolds numbers are below 2 × 105.
This document deals with the three types of classical Venturi tubes:
a) “as cast”;
b) machined;
c) fabricated (also known as “rough-welded sheet-iron”).
A Venturi tube consists of a convergent inlet connected to a cylindrical throat which is in turn connected to a conical expanding section called the divergent section (or alternatively the diffuser). Venturi nozzles (and other nozzles) are dealt with in ISO 5167-3.
NOTE       In the USA the classical Venturi tube is sometimes called the Herschel Venturi tube.
[1]   In the USA the classical Venturi tube is sometimes called the Herschel Venturi tube.

This document specifies the geometry and method of use (installation and operating conditions) of wedge meters when they are inserted in a conduit running full to determine the flow rate of the fluid flowing in the conduit.
NOTE 1    As the uncertainty of an uncalibrated wedge meter can be too large for a particular application, it could be deemed essential to calibrate the flow meter according to Clause 7.
This document gives requirements for calibration which, if applied, are for use over the calibrated Reynolds number range. Clause 7 could also be useful guidance for calibration of meters of similar design but which fall outside the scope of this document.
It also provides background information for calculating the flow rate and is applicable in conjunction with the requirements given in ISO 5167‑1.
This document is applicable only to wedge meters in which the flow remains subsonic throughout the measuring section and where the fluid can be considered as single-phase. Uncalibrated wedge meters can only be used within specified limits of pipe size, roughness, β (or wedge ratio) and Reynolds number. It is not applicable to the measurement of pulsating flow. It does not cover the use of uncalibrated wedge meters in pipes whose internal diameter is less than 50 mm or more than 600 mm, or where the pipe Reynolds numbers are below 1 × 104.
NOTE 2    A wedge meter has a primary element which consists of a wedge-shaped restriction of a specific geometry. Alternative designs of wedge meters are available; however, at the time of writing there is insufficient data to fully characterize these devices, and therefore these meters are calibrated in accordance with Clause 7.

This document specifies the geometry and method of use (installation and operating conditions) of nozzles and Venturi nozzles when they are inserted in a conduit running full to determine the flowrate of the fluid flowing in the conduit.
This document also provides background information for calculating the flowrate and is applicable in conjunction with the requirements given in ISO 5167‑1.
This document is applicable to nozzles and Venturi nozzles in which the flow remains subsonic throughout the measuring section and where the fluid can be considered as single-phase. In addition, each of the devices can only be used within specified limits of pipe size and Reynolds number. It is not applicable to the measurement of pulsating flow. It does not cover the use of nozzles and Venturi nozzles in pipe sizes less than 50 mm or more than 630 mm, or where the pipe Reynolds numbers are below 10 000.
This document deals with
a) three types of standard nozzles:
1)    ISA 1932[1] nozzle;
2)    the long radius nozzle[2];
3)    the throat-tapped nozzle
b) the Venturi nozzle.
The three types of standard nozzle are fundamentally different and are described separately in this document. The Venturi nozzle has the same upstream face as the ISA 1932 nozzle, but has a divergent section and, therefore, a different location for the downstream pressure tappings, and is described separately. This design has a lower pressure loss than a similar nozzle. For all of these nozzles and for the Venturi nozzle direct calibration experiments have been made, sufficient in number, spread and quality to enable coherent systems of application to be based on their results and coefficients to be given with certain predictable limits of uncertainty.
[1]   ISA is the abbreviation for the International Federation of the National Standardizing Associations, which was superseded by ISO in 1946.
[2] The long radius nozzle differs from the ISA 1932 nozzle in shape and in the position of the pressure tappings.

This document specifies the geometry and method of use (installation and operating conditions) of cone meters when they are inserted in a conduit running full to determine the flow rate of the fluid flowing in the conduit.
As the uncertainty of an uncalibrated cone meter might be too high for a particular application, it might be deemed essential to calibrate the flow meter in accordance with Clause 7.
This document also provides background information for calculating the flow rate and is applicable in conjunction with the requirements given in ISO 5167‑1.
This document is applicable only to cone meters in which the flow remains subsonic throughout the measuring section and where the fluid can be considered as single-phase. Uncalibrated cone meters can only be used within specified limits of pipe size, roughness, β, and Reynolds number, Re. This document is not applicable to the measurement of pulsating flow. It does not cover the use of uncalibrated cone meters in pipes sized less than 50 mm or more than 500 mm, or where the pipe Reynolds numbers are below 8 × 104 or greater than 1,2 × 107.
A cone meter is a primary device which consists of a cone-shaped restriction held concentrically in the centre of the pipe with the nose of the cone upstream. The design of cone meter defined in this document has one or more upstream pressure tappings in the wall, and a downstream pressure tapping positioned in the back face of the cone with the connection to a differential pressure transmitter being a hole through the cone to the support bar, and then up through the support bar.
Alternative designs of cone meters are available; however, at the time of writing, there is insufficient data to fully characterize these devices, and therefore, these meters shall be calibrated in accordance with Clause 7.

ISO 20456:2017 applies to industrial electromagnetic flowmeters used for the measurement of flowrate of a conductive liquid in a closed conduit running full. It covers flowmeter types utilizing both alternating current (AC) and pulsed direct current (DC) circuits to drive the field coils and meters running from a mains power supply and those operating from batteries or other sources of power.
ISO 20456:2017 is not applicable to insertion-type flowmeters or electromagnetic flowmeters designed to work in open channels or pipes running partially full, nor does it apply to the measurement of magnetically permeable slurries or liquid metal applications.
ISO 20456:2017 does not specify safety requirements in relation to hazardous environmental usage of the flowmeter.

The specified measuring methods are built upon the determination of the volume of liquid collected in a volumetric tank in a known time interval. Deals in particular with the measuring apparatus, the procedure, the method for calculating the flow-rate and the assessment of uncertainties associated with the measurements.

1.1   This standard specifies the requirements for installation, calibration, performance and accuracy assessment, and test methods for Weigh-in-Motion (WIM) systems, that are used to determine gross weights, axle and group-of-axle loads for road vehicles when they are weighed in motion.
1.2   This standard applies to:
1.2.1   WIM systems installed on road infrastructure (including bridges), but not to the WIM systems installed on-board of vehicles;
1.2.2   High speed WIM (HS-WIM) systems, i.e. systems installed in one or more traffic lane(s) of a road, and operated automatically under normal traffic conditions, and to low speed WIM (LS-WIM) systems, i.e. systems installed in a controlled weighing area, and operated under controlled conditions;
1.2.3   WIM systems using either scales which are able to weigh standard masses statically, or other sensors which may measure the loads indirectly;
1.2.4   on-site full WIM system performance assessment and model (type) approval, but excludes laboratory (product) tests or tests on parts of systems (e.g. sensors only).
1.6   The scope of this standard covers all WIM applications, except trade.
NOTE   For load enforcement of road vehicles, this standard or the OIML (International Organization for Legal Metrology) international recommendation R 134-1 and 134-2 (OIML, 2004 and 2006) applies, depending on the national requirements and legislation.
1.7   WIM systems used for trade are dealt with in the OIML recommendations R134-1 and R134-2 (OIML, 2006 and 2004). These OIML recommendations apply to WIM systems installed in controlled weighing areas, on a specified apron and where the vehicle speed is controlled. They mainly apply to WIM systems composed of scales, which are capable of weighing standard masses statically. The OIML recommendations are limited to the highest accuracy classes (0,2 to 10), with tolerances for 100 % of the measurements.
This standard applies to any WIM system, which may be installed either in a controlled weighing area, or on a road open to traffic. These systems may use road sensors and bridge WIM.
This standard covers type approval testing, initial and in service testing.
This standard specifies the required performance and ability of WIM systems in general, but does not aim to standardize products.

This document specifies the geometry and method of use (installation and operating conditions) of nozzles and Venturi nozzles when they are inserted in a conduit running full to determine the flowrate of the fluid flowing in the conduit.
This document also provides background information for calculating the flowrate and is applicable in conjunction with the requirements given in ISO 5167‑1.
This document is applicable to nozzles and Venturi nozzles in which the flow remains subsonic throughout the measuring section and where the fluid can be considered as single-phase. In addition, each of the devices can only be used within specified limits of pipe size and Reynolds number. It is not applicable to the measurement of pulsating flow. It does not cover the use of nozzles and Venturi nozzles in pipe sizes less than 50 mm or more than 630 mm, or where the pipe Reynolds numbers are below 10 000.
This document deals with
a)   three types of standard nozzles:
     ISA 1932[1] nozzle;
     the long radius nozzle[2];
     the throat-tapped nozzle
b)   the Venturi nozzle.
The three types of standard nozzle are fundamentally different and are described separately in this document. The Venturi nozzle has the same upstream face as the ISA 1932 nozzle, but has a divergent section and, therefore, a different location for the downstream pressure tappings, and is described separately. This design has a lower pressure loss than a similar nozzle. For all of these nozzles and for the Venturi nozzle direct calibration experiments have been made, sufficient in number, spread and quality to enable coherent systems of application to be based on their results and coefficients to be given with certain predictable limits of uncertainty.
[1]   ISA is the abbreviation for the International Federation of the National Standardizing Associations, which was superseded by ISO in 1946.
[2]   The long radius nozzle differs from the ISA 1932 nozzle in shape and in the position of the pressure tappings.

This document specifies the geometry and method of use (installation and operating conditions) of wedge meters when they are inserted in a conduit running full to determine the flow rate of the fluid flowing in the conduit.
NOTE 1    As the uncertainty of an uncalibrated wedge meter can be too large for a particular application, it could be deemed essential to calibrate the flow meter according to Clause 7.
This document gives requirements for calibration which, if applied, are for use over the calibrated Reynolds number range. Clause 7 could also be useful guidance for calibration of meters of similar design but which fall outside the scope of this document.
It also provides background information for calculating the flow rate and is applicable in conjunction with the requirements given in ISO 5167‑1.
This document is applicable only to wedge meters in which the flow remains subsonic throughout the measuring section and where the fluid can be considered as single-phase. Uncalibrated wedge meters can only be used within specified limits of pipe size, roughness, beta (or wedge ratio) and Reynolds number. It is not applicable to the measurement of pulsating flow. It does not cover the use of uncalibrated wedge meters in pipes whose internal diameter is less than 50 mm or more than 600 mm, or where the pipe Reynolds numbers are below 1 × 104.
NOTE 2    A wedge meter has a primary element which consists of a wedge-shaped restriction of a specific geometry. Alternative designs of wedge meters are available; however, at the time of writing there is insufficient data to fully characterize these devices, and therefore these meters are calibrated in accordance with Clause 7.

ISO 5167-5:2016 specifies the geometry and method of use (installation and operating conditions) of cone meters when they are inserted in a conduit running full to determine the flow rate of the fluid flowing in the conduit.
As the uncertainty of an uncalibrated cone meter might be too high for a particular application, it might be deemed essential to calibrate the flow meter in accordance with Clause 7.
ISO 5167-5:2016 also provides background information for calculating the flow rate and is applicable in conjunction with the requirements given in ISO 5167‑1.
ISO 5167-5:2016 is applicable only to cone meters in which the flow remains subsonic throughout the measuring section and where the fluid can be considered as single-phase. Uncalibrated cone meters can only be used within specified limits of pipe size, roughness, β, and Reynolds number. This part of ISO 5167 is not applicable to the measurement of pulsating flow. It does not cover the use of uncalibrated cone meters in pipes sized less than 50 mm or more than 500 mm, or where the pipe Reynolds numbers are below 8 × 104 or greater than 1,2 × 107.
A cone meter is a primary device which consists of a cone-shaped restriction held concentrically in the centre of the pipe with the nose of the cone upstream. The design of cone meter defined in this part of ISO 5167 has one or more upstream pressure tappings in the wall, and a downstream pressure tapping positioned in the back face of the cone with the connection to a differential pressure transmitter being a hole through the cone to the support bar, and then up through the support bar.
Alternative designs of cone meters are available; however, at the time of writing, there is insufficient data to fully characterize these devices, and therefore, these meters shall be calibrated in accordance with Clause 7.

ISO 9300:2005 specifies the geometry and method of use (installation in a system and operating conditions) of critical flow Venturi nozzles (CFVN) used to determine the mass flow-rate of a gas flowing through a system. It also gives the information necessary for calculating the flow-rate and its associated uncertainty. It is applicable to Venturi nozzles in which the gas flow accelerates to the critical velocity at the throat (this being equal to the local sonic velocity), and only where there is steady flow of single-phase gases.

ISO 5167-4:2003 specifies the geometry and method of use (installation and operating conditions) of Venturi tubes when they are inserted in a conduit running full to determine the flowrate of the fluid flowing in the conduit.
ISO 5167-4:2003 also provides background information for calculating the flow-rate and is applicable in conjunction with the requirements given in ISO 5167-1.
ISO 5167-4:2003 is applicable only to Venturi tubes in which the flow remains subsonic throughout the measuring section and where the fluid can be considered as single-phase. In addition, each of these devices can only be used within specified limits of pipe size, roughness, diameter ratio and Reynolds number. ISO 5167-4:2003 is not applicable to the measurement of pulsating flow. It does not cover the use of Venturi tubes in pipes sized less than 50 mm or more than 1 200 mm, or for where the pipe Reynolds numbers are below 20 000.
ISO 5167-4:2003 deals with the three types of classical Venturi tubes: cast, machined and rough welded sheet-iron.
A Venturi tube is a device which consists of a convergent inlet connected to a cylindrical throat which is in turn connected to a conical expanding section called the "divergent". The differences between the values of the uncertainty of the discharge coefficient for the three types of classical Venturi tube show, on the one hand, the number of results available for each type of classical Venturi tube and, on the other hand, the more or less precise definition of the geometric profile. The values are based on data collected many years ago. Venturi nozzles (and other nozzles) are dealt with in ISO 5167-3.

ISO 5167-1:2003 defines terms and symbols and establishes the general principles for methods of measurement and computation of the flowrate of fluid flowing in a conduit by means of pressure differential devices (orifice plates, nozzles and Venturi tubes) when they are inserted into a circular cross-section conduit running full.
ISO 5167-1:2003 also specifies the general requirements for methods of measurement, installation and determination of the uncertainty of the measurement of flowrate. It also defines the general specified limits of pipe size and Reynolds number for which these pressure differential devices are to be used.
ISO 5167 (all parts) is applicable only to flow that remains subsonic throughout the measuring section and where the fluid can be considered as single-phase. It is not applicable to the measurement of pulsating flow.

ISO 5167-2:2003 specifies the geometry and method of use (installation and operating conditions) of orifice plates when they are inserted in a conduit running full to determine the flow-rate of the fluid flowing in the conduit.
It also provides background information for calculating the flow-rate and is applicable in conjunction with the requirements given in ISO 5167-1.
ISO 5167-2:2003 is applicable to primary devices having an orifice plate used with flange pressure tappings, or with corner pressure tappings, or with D and D/2 pressure tappings. Other pressure tappings such as vena contracta and pipe tappings have been used with orifice plates but are not covered by ISO 5167-2:2003.
ISO 5167-2:2003 is applicable only to a flow which remains subsonic throughout the measuring section and where the fluid can be considered as single phase. It is not applicable to the measurement of pulsating flow. It does not cover the use of orifice plates in pipe sizes less than 50 mm or more than 1 000 mm, or for pipe Reynolds numbers below 5 000.

ISO 5167-3:2003 specifies the geometry and method of use (installation and operating conditions) of nozzles and Venturi nozzles when they are inserted in a conduit running full to determine the flow-rate of the fluid flowing in the conduit.
ISO 5167-3:2003 also provides background information for calculating the flow-rate and is applicable in conjunction with the requirements given in ISO 5167-1.
ISO 5167-3:2003 is applicable to nozzles and Venturi nozzles in which the flow remains subsonic throughout the measuring section and where the fluid can be considered as single-phase. In addition, each of the devices can only be used within specified limits of pipe size and Reynolds number. It is not applicable to the measurement of pulsating flow. It does not cover the use of nozzles and Venturi nozzles in pipe sizes less than 50 mm or more than 630 mm, or for pipe Reynolds numbers below 10 000.
ISO 5167-3:2003 deals with two types of standard nozzles, the ISA 1932 nozzle and the long radius nozzle, as well as the Venturi nozzle.
The two types of standard nozzle are fundamentally different and are described separately in ISO 5167-3:2003. The Venturi nozzle has the same upstream face as the ISA 1932 nozzle, but has a divergent section and, therefore, a different location for the downstream pressure tappings, and is described separately. This design has a lower pressure loss than a similar nozzle. For both of these nozzles and for the Venturi nozzle direct calibration experiments have been made, sufficient in number, spread and quality to enable coherent systems of application to be based on their results and coefficients to be given with certain predictable limits of uncertainty.

Describes the principle and main design features of industrial electromagnetic flowmeters (both a.c. and pulsed d.c. versions) for the measurement of flow-rate in a closed conduit running full. Covers their installation, operation, performance and calibration.

Migrated from Progress Sheet (TC Comment) (2000-07-10): ISO 9300

Migrated from Progress Sheet (TC Comment) (2000-07-10): ISO 5167-1

Migrated from Progress Sheet (TC Comment) (2000-07-10): Finalization problems in ISO (see letter from Grode dated 1993-11-15)