CEN/TC 138/WG 4 - Penetrant testing

This document specifies a method of penetrant testing used to detect discontinuities, e.g. cracks, laps, folds, porosity and lack of fusion, which are open to the surface of the material to be tested using white light or UV-A (365 nm) radiation. It is mainly applied to metallic materials, but can also be performed on other materials, provided that they are inert to the test media and not excessively porous (castings, forgings, welds, ceramics, etc.)
This document also includes requirements for process and control testing, but is not intended to be used for acceptance criteria. It gives neither information relating to the suitability of individual test systems for specific applications nor requirements for test equipment.
NOTE 1   Methods for determining and monitoring the essential properties of penetrant testing products to be used are specified in ISO 3452-2 and ISO 3452-3.
NOTE 2   The term "discontinuity" is used in this document in the sense that no evaluation concerning acceptability or non-acceptability is included.
NOTE 3   CEN/TR 16638 addresses penetrant testing using actinic blue light.

This document specifies the technical requirements and test procedures for penetrant materials for their type testing and batch testing. This document covers the temperature range from 10 °C to 50 °C. Additional tests in ISO 3452-5 or ISO 3452-6 can be required outside this range.
On-site control tests and methods are detailed in ISO 3452‑1.

This document specifies minimum requirements in order to obtain and reproduce photographs used as reference records relative to PT (penetrant testing) colour contrast and fluorescent indications. It also provides requirements for the monitoring of resolution when measurements are to be indirectly performed by recording.

This Technical Report describes the good practices of lighting under UV-A radiation and in white light as used for penetrant testing (PT) and magnetic particle testing (MT) for improved probability of detection (POD).
This informative document deals with the irradiance and the illuminance used in PT and MT. It is intended for:
-   manufacturers, who are encouraged to supply the criteria and the restrictions on use of their products, as well as detailed characteristics for the appropriate choice and the optimum use of sources available on the market;
-   users, to enable them to make the best use of lighting sources for efficient inspection in working conditions;
-   supervision and training personnel, who may design and optimally arrange inspection areas, recommend the principles of visual ergonomics for ensuring inspector efficiency, comfort and safety.

ISO 3452-3:2013 describes two types of reference blocks: Type 1 reference blocks are used to determine the sensitivity levels of both fluorescent and colour contrast penetrant product families; Type 2 reference blocks are used for routine assessment of the performance of both fluorescent and colour contrast penetrant testing.
The reference blocks are to be used in accordance with ISO 3452-1:2013.

This Technical Report specifies the requirements for penetrant and magnetic particle testing, the materials and viewing conditions when using fluorescent detection media excited by actinic blue light.
It is not intended that this sub-method technique is used as a substitute for the existing colour contrast and fluorescent techniques standardised in the EN ISO 3452 series and EN ISO 9934 series.

ISO 12706:2009 defines technical terms relating to penetrant testing.
In addition to terms used in English and French, two of the three official ISO languages, ISO 12706:2009 gives the equivalent terms in German; these are published under the responsibility of the member body for Germany (DIN), and are given for information only. Only the terms and definitions given in the official languages can be considered as ISO terms and definitions.

ISO 3452-5:2008 specifies the requirements for non-destructive testing using penetrant, particular to applications at higher temperatures (higher than  50 °C) as well as the method for qualification of suitable testing products.

ISO 3452-6:2008 specifies the requirements for non-destructive testing using penetrant, particular to applications at low temperatures (lower than + 10 °C) as well as the method for qualification of suitable testing products.

This European standard specifies the characteristics of equipment used in penetrant testing. The characteristics of equipment required for carrying out penetrant testing depend on the number of tests to be made and on the size of the components to be tested. Two types of equipment are included in this standard: a) equipment suitable for carrying out in situ penetrant testing techniques; b) fixed installations.

ISO 3452-2:2013 specifies the technical requirements and test procedures for penetrant materials for their type testing and batch testing. ISO 3452-2:2013 covers the temperature range 10 °C to 50 °C. Additional tests in ISO 3452-5:2008 or ISO 3452-6:2008 may be required outside this range.
On-site control tests and methods are detailed in ISO 3452‑1:2013.

ISO 3452-1:2013 specifies a method of penetrant testing used to detect discontinuities, e.g. cracks, laps, folds, porosity and lack of fusion, which are open to the surface of the material to be tested. It is mainly applied to metallic materials, but can also be performed on other materials, provided that they are inert to the test media and not excessively porous (castings, forgings, welds, ceramics, etc.)
It also includes requirements for process and control testing, but is not intended to be used for acceptance criteria and gives neither information relating to the suitability of individual test systems for specific applications nor requirements for test equipment.

SO 3452-2:2006 specifies the technical requirements and test procedures for penetrant materials for their type testing and batch testing. It also details on-site control tests and methods.

This European standard describes two types of reference blocks: - Type 1 reference blocks are used to determine the sensitivity levels of both fluorescent and colour contrast penetrant product families; - Type 2 reference blocks are used for routine assessment of the performance of both fluorescent and colour contrast penetrant facilities and part-used containers. The reference blocks are used in the same conditions as the pieces to be tested according to EN 571-1.

This standard defines a method of penetrant testing used to detect discontinuities, e.g. cracks, laps, folds, porosity and lack  of fusion, which are open to the surface of the material to be tested. It is maily applied to metallic materials, but can also be performed on other materials, provided that are inert to the test media and they are  not excessively porous. Examples of which are castings, forgings, welds, ceramics, etc.  This standard is not intended to be used for acceptance criteria and gives no information relating to the suitability  of individual test systems for specific applications  nor requirements for test equipement.  The term "discontinuity" is used here in the sense that no evaluation concerning acceptability or non-acceptability is included.  Metods for determining and monitoring the essential properties of penetrant testing products to be used are specified in EN 571-2 and EN 571-3.

This European Standard describes the control of the viewing conditions for magnetic particle and penetrant testing.
It includes minimum requirements for the illuminance and UV-A irradiance and their measurement. It is intended for
use when the human eye is the primary detection aid.

This European standard consists of technical terms related to penetrant testing.

This European Standard specifies the technical requirements and test procedures for penetrant materials for their type testing and batch testing. It also details on site testing requirements and methods.