ISO/TC 211/WG 7 - Information communities

This document specifies a schema for feature concept dictionaries to be established and managed as registers. It does not specify schemas for feature catalogues or for the management of feature catalogues as registers. However, as feature catalogues are often derived from feature concept dictionaries, this document does specify a schema for a hierarchical register of feature concept dictionaries and feature catalogues. These registers are in accordance with ISO 19135‑1.

This document aims to extend the long-term preservation of digital geospatial data to provide details about content describing the provenance and context specific to data from missions that observe the Earth using spaceborne, airborne or in situ instruments.

This document — is a profile of ISO 19157; — establishes a set of data quality elements and measures for describing the quality of address data; — describes procedures for reporting data quality; — provides guidelines for the use of the established set of data quality elements and measures for describing the quality of address data. This document can be used by those evaluating and reporting the quality of address data such as address data managers, address data aggregators, and address data users. This document does not attempt to define minimum acceptable levels of quality for address data.

This document sets a framework for geographic information service ontology and the description of geographic information Web services in Web Ontology Language (OWL). OWL is the language adopted for ontologies. This document makes use of service metadata (ISO 19115-1) and service definitions (ISO 19119) whenever appropriate. This document does not define semantics operators, rules for ontologies, and does not develop any application ontology. In relation to ISO 19101-1:2014, 6.2, this document defines and formalizes the following purpose of the ISO geographic information reference model: — geographic information service components and their behaviour for data processing purposes over the Web, and — OWL ontologies to cast ISO/TC 211 standards to benefit from and support the Semantic Web. In relation to ISO 19101-1:2014, 8.3, this document addresses the Meta:Service foundation of the ISO geographic information reference model.

This document defines XML based encoding rules for conceptual schemas specifying types that describe geographic resources. The encoding rules support the UML profile as used in the UML models commonly used in the standards developed by ISO/TC 211. The encoding rules use XML schema for the output data structure schema. The encoding rules described in this document are not applicable for encoding UML application schema for geographic features (see ISO 19136 for those rules).

ISO 19165-1:2018 defines a preservation metadata extension of ISO 19115‑1. ISO 19165-1:2018 defines the requirements for the long-term preservation of digital geospatial data. These data also include metadata, representation information, provenance, context and any other content items that capture the knowledge that are necessary to fully understand and reuse the archived data. This document also refers to characteristics of data formats that are useful for the purpose of archiving. Geospatial data are preserved as a geospatial information package (IP). This document defines the requirements of the geospatial archival IP and details of the geospatial submission and the dissemination IPs. A geospatial archival IP is fully self-describing and allows a future reconstruction of the dataset without external documentation. The functional requirements for a preservation archive are defined in Annex D. ISO 19165-1:2018 complements standards developed by ISO/TC 211 as well as other ISO standards such as ISO 14721.

ISO 19160-4:2017 defines key terms for postal addressing, postal address components and constraints on their use. Specifically, ISO 19160-4:2017 defines postal address components organized into three hierarchical levels: - elements, such as organization name or postcode, which have well-defined conceptual meaning and are not themselves made up of subordinate components, though they may be sub-divided for technical purposes; - constructs, such as organization identification, which group elements into units form a logical portion of a postal address; - segments, such as addressee specification, which group-related postal address constructs and/or postal address elements into units with a specific defined function. ISO 19160-4:2017 also specifies a mechanism for creation of sub-elements, which correspond to either sub-divisions of element content, such as door type or door indicator or to multiple occurrences and locations of elements in an address, such as levels of administrative regions. ISO 19160-4:2017 does not specify the length of any component nor the value range of any component. Moreover, ISO 19160-4:2017 defines the codes to identify elements and sub-elements. Further, ISO 19160-4:2017 specifies postal address rendering rules. This includes identification and ordering of output lines in a rendered address, conditions for selection of candidate lines, the order and concatenation of postal address components, required and optional components, parameters to contextualize address for rendering and the formatting of the components, subject to constraints on the space available for that task. Postal address rendering rules are represented in ISO 19160-4:2017 as a postal address template. Finally, ISO 19160-4:2017 specifies language suitable for computer processing to formally express postal address templates.

ISO 19110:2016 defines the methodology for cataloguing feature types. This document specifies how feature types can be organized into a feature catalogue and presented to the users of a set of geographic data. This document is applicable to creating catalogues of feature types in previously uncatalogued domains and to revising existing feature catalogues to comply with standard practice. This document applies to the cataloguing of feature types that are represented in digital form. Its principles can be extended to the cataloguing of other forms of geographic data. Feature catalogues are independent of feature concept dictionaries defined in ISO 19126 and can be specified without having to use or create a Feature Concept Dictionary. ISO 19110:2016 is applicable to the definition of geographic features at the type level. This document is not applicable to the representation of individual instances of each type. This document excludes portrayal schemas as specified in ISO 19117. ISO 19110:2016 may be used as a basis for defining the universe of discourse being modelled in a particular application, or to standardize general aspects of real world features being modelled in more than one application.

ISO/TS 19115-3:2016 defines an integrated XML implementation of ISO 19115‑1, ISO 19115‑2, and concepts from ISO/TS 19139 by defining the following artefacts: a) a set of XML schema required to validate metadata instance documents conforming to conceptual model elements defined in ISO 19115‑1, ISO 19115‑2, and ISO/TS 19139; b) a set of ISO/IEC 19757‑3 (Schematron) rules that implement validation constraints in the ISO 19115‑1 and ISO 19115‑2 UML models that are not validated by the XML schema; c) an Extensible Stylesheet Language Transformation (XSLT) for transforming ISO 19115-1 metadata encoded using the ISO/TS 19139 XML schema and ISO 19115‑2 metadata encoded using the ISO/TS 19139‑2 XML schema into an equivalent document that is valid against the XML schema defined in this document. ISO/TS 19115-3:2016 describes the procedure used to generate XML schema from ISO geographic information conceptual models related to metadata. The procedure includes creation of an UML model for XML implementation derived from the conceptual UML model. This implementation model does not alter the semantics of the target conceptual model, but adds abstract classes that remove dependencies between model packages, tagged values and stereotypes required by the UML to XML transformation software, and refactors the packaging of a few elements into XML namespaces. The XML schema has been generated systematically from the UML model for XML implementation according to the rules defined in ISO/TS 19139 or ISO 19118.

ISO 19160-1:2015 defines a conceptual model for address information (address model), together with the terms and definitions that describe the concepts in the model. Lifecycle, metadata, and address aliases are included in the conceptual model. The model is presented in the Unified Modeling Language (UML). The model provides a common representation of address information, independent of actual addressing implementations. It is not intended to replace conceptual models proposed in other specifications, but provides a means to cross-map between different conceptual models for address information and enables the conversion of address information between specifications. The model provides a basis for developing address specifications by individual countries or communities.

ISO 19150-2:2015 defines rules and guidelines for the development of ontologies to support better the interoperability of geographic information over the Semantic Web. The Web Ontology Language (OWL) is the language adopted for ontologies. It defines the conversion of the UML static view modeling elements used in the ISO geographic information standards into OWL. It further defines conversion rules for describing application schemas based on the General Feature Model defined in ISO 19109 into OWL. It does not define semantics operators, rules for service ontologies, and does not develop any ontology.

ISO 19115-1:2014 defines the schema required for describing geographic information and services by means of metadata. It provides information about the identification, the extent, the quality, the spatial and temporal aspects, the content, the spatial reference, the portrayal, distribution, and other properties of digital geographic data and services. ISO 19115-1:2014 is applicable to: -the cataloguing of all types of resources, clearinghouse activities, and the full description of datasets and services; -geographic services, geographic datasets, dataset series, and individual geographic features and feature properties. ISO 19115-1:2014 defines: -mandatory and conditional metadata sections, metadata entities, and metadata elements; -the minimum set of metadata required to serve most metadata applications (data discovery, determining data fitness for use, data access, data transfer, and use of digital data and services); -optional metadata elements to allow for a more extensive standard description of resources, if required; -a method for extending metadata to fit specialized needs. Though ISO 19115-1:2014 is applicable to digital data and services, its principles can be extended to many other types of resources such as maps, charts, and textual documents as well as non-geographic data. Certain conditional metadata elements might not apply to these other forms of data.

ISO 19145:2013 specifies the process for establishing, maintaining and publishing registers of representation of geographic point location in compliance with ISO 19135. It identifies and describes the information elements and the structure of a register of representations of geographic point location including the elements for the conversion of one representation to another. ISO 19145:2013 also specifies the XML implementation of the required XML extension to ISO/TS 19135-2, for the implementation of a register of geographic point location representations.

ISO 19152:2012: defines a reference Land Administration Domain Model (LADM) covering basic information-related components of land administration (including those over water and land, and elements above and below the surface of the earth); provides an abstract, conceptual model with four packages related to parties (people and organizations); basic administrative units, rights, responsibilities, and restrictions (ownership rights); spatial units (parcels, and the legal space of buildings and utility networks); spatial sources (surveying), and spatial representations (geometry and topology); provides terminology for land administration, based on various national and international systems, that is as simple as possible in order to be useful in practice. The terminology allows a shared description of different formal or informal practices and procedures in various jurisdictions; provides a basis for national and regional profiles; and enables the combining of land administration information from different sources in a coherent manner.

ISO 19144-2:2012 specifies a Land Cover Meta Language (LCML) expressed as a UML metamodel that allows different land cover classification systems to be described based on the physiognomic aspects. ISO 19144-2:2012 also specifies the detailed structure of a register for the extension of LCML but does not specify the maintenance of the register. ISO 19144-2:2012 recognizes that there exist a number of land cover classification systems. It provides a common reference structure for the comparison and integration of data for any generic land cover classification system, but does not intend to replace those classification systems.

ISO 19126:2009 specifies a schema for feature concept dictionaries to be established and managed as registers. It does not specify schemas for feature catalogues or for the management of feature catalogues as registers. However, because feature catalogue are often derived from feature concept dictionaries, ISO 19126:2009 does specify a schema for a hierarchical register of feature concept dictionaries and feature catalogues. These registers are in accordance with ISO 19135.

ISO 19144-1:2009 establishes the structure of a geographic information classification system, together with the mechanism for defining and registering the classifiers for such a system. It specifies the use of discrete coverages to represent the result of applying the classification system to a particular area and defines the technical structure of a register of classifiers in accordance with ISO 19135.

ISO 19137:2007 defines a core profile of the spatial schema specified in ISO 19107 that specifies, in accordance with ISO 19106, a minimal set of geometric elements necessary for the efficient creation of application schemata. It supports many of the spatial data formats and description languages already developed and in broad use within several nations or liaison organizations.

ISO/TS 19139:2007 defines Geographic MetaData XML (gmd) encoding, an XML Schema implementation derived from ISO 19115.