ASTM D1037-12(2020)

Standard Test Methods for Evaluating Properties of Wood-Base Fiber and Particle Panel Materials

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
3.1 These test methods cover small-specimen tests for wood-base fiber and particle panel materials that are made to provide:  
3.2 Data for comparing the mechanical and physical properties of various materials,  
3.3 Data for determining the influence on the basic properties of such factors as raw material and processing variables, post-treatments of panels, and environmental influences, and  
3.4 Data for manufacturing control, product research and development, and specification acceptance.  
3.5 Not all the tests outlined in these test methods may be necessary to evaluate any particular panel for any specified use. In each instance, therefore, it will be necessary to determine which tests shall be made.
SCOPE
1.1 Part A—General Test Methods for Evaluating the Basic Properties of Wood-Base Fiber and Particle Panel Materials—These test methods cover the determination of the properties of wood-base fiber and particle panel materials that are produced as mat-formed panels such as particleboard, medium-density fiberboard, hardboard, and oriented strand board.    
Section  
Significance and Use  
3  
Apparatus  
4  
Test Specimens  
5  
Moisture Content and Conditioning Requirements  
6  
Accelerated Aging  
7  
Size, Physical Properties and Appearance of Panels  
8  
Static Bending  
9  
Tension Parallel to Surface  
10  
Tension Perpendicular to Surface  
11  
Compression Parallel to Surface  
12  
Fastener Holding Tests:  
Lateral Nail Resistance  
13  
Nail Withdrawal  
14  
Nail-Head Pull-Through  
15  
Direct Screw Withdrawal  
16  
Hardness  
17  
Hardness Modulus  
18  
Shear in the Plane of the Panel  
19  
Glue-Line Shear (Block Type)  
20  
Falling Ball Impact  
21  
Abrasion Resistance by the U.S. Navy Wear Tester  
22  
Moisture Tests:  
Water Absorption and Thickness Swelling  
23  
Linear Expansion with Change in Moisture Content  
24  
Cupping and Twisting  
25  
Interlaminar Shear  
26  
Edgewise Shear  
27  
Compression-Shear  
28  
1.2 Part B—Acceptance and Specification Test Methods for Hardboard—The methods for Part B provide test procedures for measuring the following properties of hardboard:    
Section  
Thickness  
32  
Modulus of Rupture  
33  
Tension Strength Parallel to Surface  
34  
Tension Strength Perpendicular to Surface  
35  
Water Absorption and Thickness Swelling  
36  
Moisture Content and Specific Gravity  
37  
1.3 There are accepted basic test procedures for various fundamental properties of materials that may be used without modification for evaluating certain properties of wood-based fiber and particle panel materials. These test methods are included elsewhere in the Annual Book of ASTM Standards. The pertinent ones are listed in Table 1. A few of the test methods referenced are for construction where the wood-base materials often are used.  
1.4 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as the standard. The SI equivalents are approximate in many cases. 1 in. = 25.4 mm, 1 lbf = 4.45 N.  
1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.6 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

General Information

• Status: Published
• Publication Date: 30-Sep-2020
• ICS: 79.040 - Wood, sawlogs and sawn timber
• Technical Committee: D07 - Wood
• Drafting Committee: D07.03 - Panel Products

Relations

• Refers: ASTM D143-23 - Standard Test Methods for Small Clear Specimens of Timber
• Effective Date: 15-Nov-2023
• Refers: ASTM D4442-20 - Standard Test Methods for Direct Moisture Content Measurement of Wood and Wood-Based Materials
• Effective Date: 01-Mar-2020
• Refers: ASTM D3501-05a(2018) - Standard Test Methods for Wood-Based Structural Panels in Compression
• Effective Date: 01-Nov-2018
• Refers: ASTM D3043-17 - Standard Test Methods for Structural Panels in Flexure
• Effective Date: 15-Nov-2017
• Refers: ASTM D4442-16 - Standard Test Methods for Direct Moisture Content Measurement of Wood and Wood-Based Materials
• Effective Date: 15-Nov-2016
• Refers: ASTM D4442-15 - Standard Test Methods for Direct Moisture Content Measurement of Wood and Wood-Based Materials
• Effective Date: 01-Jun-2015
• Refers: ASTM E4-14 - Standard Practices for Force Verification of Testing Machines
• Effective Date: 01-Jun-2014
• Refers: ASTM D2395-14e1 - Standard Test Methods for Density and Specific Gravity (Relative Density) of Wood and Wood-Based Materials
• Effective Date: 01-May-2014
• Refers: ASTM D2395-14 - Standard Test Methods for Density and Specific Gravity (Relative Density) of Wood and Wood-Based Materials
• Effective Date: 01-May-2014
• Refers: ASTM E691-13 - Standard Practice for Conducting an Interlaboratory Study to Determine the Precision of a Test Method
• Effective Date: 01-May-2013
• Refers: ASTM E691-11 - Standard Practice for Conducting an Interlaboratory Study to Determine the Precision of a Test Method
• Effective Date: 01-Nov-2011
• Refers: ASTM D3043-00(2011) - Standard Test Methods for Structural Panels in Flexure
• Effective Date: 01-Nov-2011
• Refers: ASTM D3501-05a(2011) - Standard Test Methods for Wood-Based Structural Panels in Compression
• Effective Date: 01-Nov-2011
• Refers: ASTM D2915-10 - Practice for Sampling and Data-Analysis for Structural Wood and Wood-Based Products
• Effective Date: 01-Nov-2010
• Refers: ASTM E4-10 - Standard Practices for Force Verification of Testing Machines
• Effective Date: 01-Jun-2010

Overview

ASTM D1037-12(2020) provides standard test methods for evaluating the properties of wood-base fiber and particle panel materials, such as particleboard, medium-density fiberboard (MDF), hardboard, and oriented strand board (OSB). Developed by ASTM International, this standard establishes reliable small-specimen tests that are critical for comparing materials, ensuring manufacturing quality, understanding environmental impacts, and supporting product development decisions. These test methods are fundamental for stakeholders in wood product manufacturing, construction, and materials research.

Key Topics

• Mechanical and Physical Properties: The standard covers tests for essential properties, including static bending, tensile and compressive strengths (parallel and perpendicular to surfaces), hardness, fastener holding capabilities, and shear strength.
• Moisture and Environmental Effects: Procedures for conditioning specimens in various moisture states, water absorption, thickness swelling, and accelerated aging simulate real-world use and evaluate panel durability against weather or humidity.
• Manufacturing and Processing Variables: By testing under controlled conditions, the effects of raw materials, manufacturing processes, post-treatments, and environmental exposure on wood-based panels can be assessed.
• Product Qualification and Acceptance: ASTM D1037 supports manufacturing control, research, and specification acceptance, ensuring that products meet specified requirements for commercial use or regulatory approval.
• Panel Size, Density, and Appearance: The methods include precise guidelines for measuring size, thickness, specific gravity, and panel appearance, aiding quality assurance and product consistency.

Applications

The comprehensive testing procedures outlined in ASTM D1037-12(2020) serve several practical applications:

• Material Comparison: By standardizing tests and measurements, industries and researchers can compare the mechanical and physical properties of different wood-based panel products, enabling informed selection for specific applications.
• Manufacturing Quality Control: The test methods provide data supporting process optimization, batch control, and continuous improvement in production lines for particleboard, MDF, OSB, and hardboard.
• Product Research and Development: Product engineers and developers use these methods to test new formulations, processing techniques, or raw material combinations, accelerating the innovation lifecycle.
• Specification Acceptance: The standard's acceptance criteria are widely used in procurement to verify that products meet contract or regulatory requirements-especially in building materials procurement.
• Environmental and Durability Testing: Accelerated aging and moisture cycling tests reveal how wood-based panel products respond to real-world installation or service conditions, resulting in better long-term performance predictions.
• Construction Industry: As these panels are frequently used in building construction, complying with ASTM D1037 ensures their suitability for structural and non-structural applications.

Related Standards

ASTM D1037 references and is complemented by several other ASTM standards and internationally recognized test methods, including:

• ASTM D1554: Terminology Related to Wood-Base Fiber and Particle Panel Materials
• ASTM D2395: Density and Specific Gravity of Wood-Based Materials
• ASTM D4442: Moisture Content Measurement of Wood and Wood-Based Materials
• ASTM D3043: Structural Panels in Flexure
• ASTM D3501: Wood-Based Structural Panels in Compression
• ASTM D2915: Sampling and Data Analysis for Wood Products
• ASTM E72, E84, E90, E96: Building construction tests for strength, fire resistance, sound transmission, and water vapor transmission
• ASTM C209, C423: Thermal and acoustic measurement of cellulose fiber boards

Conclusion

ASTM D1037-12(2020) is an essential international standard for the consistent evaluation of wood-base fiber and particle panel materials. Its practical value lies in its role as a foundation for quality control, product certification, research, and application-specific material selection in the wood products industry. Adherence to this standard helps ensure durable, reliable, and high-performance panel products for a wide range of construction and industrial uses.

Standards Content (Sample)

This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
Designation: D1037 − 12 (Reapproved 2020)
Standard Test Methods for
Evaluating Properties of Wood-Base Fiber and Particle
Panel Materials
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D1037; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the U.S. Department of Defense.
INTRODUCTION
The test methods presented herein have been developed and are presented to serve two distinct
purposes. They are divided into two parts.
Part A. General Test Methods for Evaluating the Basic Properties of Wood-Base Fiber and Particle
Panel Materials—Part A is for use in obtaining basic properties suitable for comparison studies with
other materials of construction. These refined test methods are applicable for this purpose to all
materials covered by Definitions D1554.
Part B. Acceptance and Specification Test Methods for Hardboard—Part B is for specific use in
specifications for procurement and acceptance testing of hardboard. These test methods are generally
employed for those purposes in the industry. By confining their intended use as indicated, it has been
possible to achieve adequate precision of results combined with economy and speed in testing, which
are desirable for specification use.
The choice between a particular test method and its alternative should be made with a full
understandingoftheintendedpurposeofeach,becausevaluesobtainedfromtestsmay,insomecases,
differ. Of the test methods presented in both parts, some have been in generally accepted use for many
years, some are modifications and refinements of previously developed test methods, and some are
more recent developments. Where test methods are suitable for more than one of the purposes, they
are delineated in Part A, but not repeated in Part B. It is the intent that reference to the appropriate
section of the test method shall suffice in specifications developed for the different materials.
1. Scope
Section
Significance and Use 3
1.1 Part A—General Test Methods for Evaluating the Basic Apparatus 4
Test Specimens 5
Properties of Wood-Base Fiber and Particle Panel Materials—
Moisture Content and Conditioning Requirements 6
These test methods cover the determination of the properties of
Accelerated Aging 7
wood-base fiber and particle panel materials that are produced
Size, Physical Properties and Appearance of Panels 8
Static Bending 9
as mat-formed panels such as particleboard, medium-density
Tension Parallel to Surface 10
fiberboard, hardboard, and oriented strand board.
Tension Perpendicular to Surface 11
Compression Parallel to Surface 12
Fastener Holding Tests:
Lateral Nail Resistance 13
Nail Withdrawal 14
These test methods are under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D07 on
Nail-Head Pull-Through 15
Wood and are the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D07.03 on Panel Products.
Direct Screw Withdrawal 16
Current edition approved Oct. 1, 2020. Published November 2020. Originally
Hardness 17
approved in 1949. Last previous edition approved in 2012 as D1037 – 12. DOI:
Hardness Modulus 18
10.1520/D1037-12R20.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
D1037 − 12 (2020)
TABLE 1 Basic Test Procedures for Evaluating Properties of
Section
Wood Base-Fiber and Particle Panel Materials
Shear in the Plane of the Panel 19
Glue-Line Shear (Block Type) 20
ASTM
A
Test Methods for
Falling Ball Impact 21
Designation
Abrasion Resistance by the U.S. Navy Wear Tester 22
C177 Steady-State Heat-Flux Measurements and Thermal Transmission
Moisture Tests:
Properties by Means of the Guarded-Hot-Plate Apparatus
Water Absorption and Thickness Swelling 23
C209 Cellulosic Fiber Insulating Board
Linear Expansion with Change in Moisture Content 24
C236 Steady-State Thermal Performance of Building Assemblies by
Cupping and Twisting 25
Means of the Guarded Hot Box
Interlaminar Shear 26
C384 Impedance and Absorption of Acoustical Materials by the Imped-
Edgewise Shear 27
ance Tube Method
Compression-Shear 28
C423 Sound Absorption and Sound Absorption Coefficients by the Re-
1.2 Part B—Acceptance and Specification Test Methods for verberation Room Method
D149 Dielectric Breakdown Voltage and Dielectric Strength of Solid Elec-
Hardboard—The methods for Part B provide test procedures
trical Insulating Materials at Commercial Power Frequencies
for measuring the following properties of hardboard:
D150 A-C Loss Characteristics and Permittivity (Dielectric Constant) of
Solid Electrical Insulating Materials
Section
D257 D-C Resistance or Conductance of Insulating Materials
Thickness 32
D495 High-Voltage, Low-Current, Dry Arc Resistance of Solid Electrical
Modulus of Rupture 33
Insulation
Tension Strength Parallel to Surface 34
D1666 Conducting Machining Tests of Wood and Wood-Base Materials
Tension Strength Perpendicular to Surface 35
D1761 Mechanical Fasteners in Wood
Water Absorption and Thickness Swelling 36
E72 Conducting Strength Tests of Panels for Building Construction
Moisture Content and Specific Gravity 37
E84 Surface Burning Characteristics of Building Materials
1.3 There are accepted basic test procedures for various
E90 Laboratory Measurement of Airborne Sound Transmission Loss of
Building Partitions
fundamental properties of materials that may be used without
E96 Water Vapor Transmission of Materials
modification for evaluating certain properties of wood-based
E97 Directional Reflectance Factor, 45-deg 0-deg, of Opaque Speci-
fiber and particle panel materials. These test methods are
mens by Broad-Band Filter Reflectometry
E119 Fire Tests of Building Construction and Materials
included elsewhere in the Annual Book of ASTM Standards.
E136 Behavior of Materials in a Vertical Tube Furnace at 750°C
The pertinent ones are listed in Table 1. A few of the test
E152 Fire Tests of Door Assemblies
methods referenced are for construction where the wood-base E162 Surface Flammability of Materials Using a Radiant Heat Energy
Source
materials often are used.
E661 Performance of Wood and Wood-Based Floor and Roof Sheathing
Under Concentrated Static and Impact Loads
1.4 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded
E662 Specific Optical Density of Smoke Generated by Solid Materials
as the standard. The SI equivalents are approximate in many
E906 Heat and Visible Smoke Release Rates for Materials and Prod-
cases. 1 in. = 25.4 mm, 1 lbf = 4.45 N.
ucts
A
1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
contactASTM Customer Service at [e-mail]. For Annual Book ofASTM
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
on the ASTM website.
priate safety, health, and environmental practices and deter-
mine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
1.6 This international standard was developed in accor-
dance with internationally recognized principles on standard-
D2915 Practice for Sampling and Data-Analysis for Struc-
ization established in the Decision on Principles for the
tural Wood and Wood-Based Products
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recom-
D3043 Test Methods for Structural Panels in Flexure
mendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical
D3501 Test Methods for Wood-Based Structural Panels in
Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
Compression
D4442 Test Methods for Direct Moisture Content Measure-
2. Referenced Documents
ment of Wood and Wood-Based Materials
2.1 ASTM Standards:
E4 Practices for Force Verification of Testing Machines
C273 Test Method for Shear Properties of Sandwich Core
E691 Practice for Conducting an Interlaboratory Study to
Materials
Determine the Precision of a Test Method
D143 Test Methods for Small Clear Specimens of Timber
D905 Test Method for Strength Properties of Adhesive
PART A—GENERAL TEST METHODS FOR
Bonds in Shear by Compression Loading
EVALUATING THE BASIC PROPERTIES OF WOOD-
D1554 Terminology Relating to Wood-Base Fiber and Par-
BASE FIBER AND PARTICLE PANEL MATERIALS
ticle Panel Materials
D2395 TestMethodsforDensityandSpecificGravity(Rela-
3. Significance and Use
tive Density) of Wood and Wood-Based Materials
3.1 These test methods cover small-specimen tests for
wood-base fiber and particle panel materials that are made to
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or provide:
contact ASTM Customer Service at [e-mail]. For Annual Book of ASTM
3.2 Data for comparing the mechanical and physical prop-
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
the ASTM website. erties of various materials,
D1037 − 12 (2020)
wood and wood-based materials.
3.3 Data for determining the influence on the basic proper-
ties of such factors as raw material and processing variables,
6.3.3 Water Soaked—Specimens to be tested in the soaked
post-treatments of panels, and environmental influences, and
condition shall be submerged in water at 68 6 2°F (20 6 1°C)
for 24-h (see Note 4) before the test and shall be tested within
3.4 Data for manufacturing control, product research and
30 minutes upon removal from the water.
development, and specification acceptance.
NOTE 4—When it is desired to obtain the effect of complete saturation,
3.5 Not all the tests outlined in these test methods may be
the specimens shall be soaked for a longer period.
necessarytoevaluateanyparticularpanelforanyspecifieduse.
In each instance, therefore, it will be necessary to determine 6.3.4 Accelerated Aging—Accelerated aging cycles shall be
which tests shall be made. completed per Section 7 of this standard.
6.3.5 Other—Other conditioning methods that are designed
4. Apparatus
to meet the test objectives may be employed provided that they
are clearly described in the test report.
4.1 Testing Machine—For strength and fastener holding
tests, any standard testing machine (see Note 1) capable of
6.4 Specimens shall be subjected to the conditioning regi-
applying and measuring the load with an error not to exceed
mens of section 6.3 after they have been cut to the final
61.0 % shall be used as provided in Practices E4.
dimensional sizes required for the test procedures within this
NOTE 1—Some testing machines operated at speeds allowed in these
standard.
test procedures without proper damping devices or in need of adjustment
may yield values in error because of “follow-through” due to mass inertia 6.5 When water soaked conditioning (section 6.3.3), accel-
effects in the weighing system. Care must be exercised in the selection of
erated aging conditioning (section 6.3.4) or other conditioning
testing machines so that values obtained from test are not in error more
method is employed to simulate an application moisture
than the amount stipulated.
exposure:
6.5.1 The sample dimensions and weights shall be recorded
5. Test Specimens
before and after conditioning. Any computed properties shall
5.1 The number of specimens to be chosen for test and the
be reported based upon both the pre-conditioned dimensions or
method of their selection depend on the purpose of the
weight, or both, and upon the dimensions or weight, or both,
particular tests under consideration, so that no general rule can
after the moisture conditioning treatment.
be given to cover all instances. It is recommended that
6.5.2 If the objective is to estimate the relative change in a
whenever possible, a sufficient number of tests be made to
property due to the moisture conditioning treatment, a matched
permit statistical treatment of the test data (see Note 2). In the
set of material shall be tested in the dry (section 6.3.1 or 6.3.2)
evaluation of a panel material, specimens for test should be
condition. The conditioning treatment selected for the matched
obtained from a representative number of panels. In properties
set shall be based upon the test objectives.
reflecting differences due to the machine direction of the panel,
6.6 For all testing within this standard, the moisture condi-
specimens from each panel shall be selected both with the long
tioning method selected and resulting test sample moisture
dimension parallel to the long dimension of the panel, and with
contents shall be reported.
the long dimension perpendicular to the long dimension of the
panel.
7. Accelerated Aging
NOTE 2—Guidance on statistical sampling is provided in Practice
D2915.
7.1 Scope and Significance:
7.1.1 The accelerated aging treatment is one possible con-
6. Moisture Content and Conditioning Requirements
ditioning treatment (see Section 6) and is used to obtain a
6.1 The physical and mechanical properties of building
measureoftheinherentabilityofamaterialtowithstandsevere
panels depend on the moisture content at time of test.
exposure conditions and maintain its mechanical and physical
6.2 The moisture conditioning selection for each test proce-
properties. Appropriate specimens shall be prepared and sub-
dure within this standard depends upon the purpose of the
jected to the six cycles of accelerated aging before the property
particular tests under consideration.All specimens within each
is evaluated. The cycling exposure is a simulated condition
testsampleshallbeconditionedasrequiredtomeetthespecific
developed to evaluate how a material will stand up under aging
test objectives.
conditions.
6.3 The following moisture conditioning regimens are com-
NOTE 5—All of the tests listed in this standard may not be required for
monly employed with the test procedures of this standard: any specific investigation or specification. Static bending (Section 9),
nail-holding (Sections 13–15), and water absorption and thickness
6.3.1 Dry “As Received”—Specimens to be tested “as
swelling (Section 23) tests are usually sufficient to evaluate the resistance
received” shall be tested without supplemental conditioning to
of a wood-base panel material to aging. In some instances it may be
alter the moisture content.
desirable to evaluate the effect of accelerated aging on some other
6.3.2 Dry “Conditioned”—Specimens to be tested air-dry
property, including properties outside the scope of this standard.
shall be conditioned to a constant weight and moisture content
7.2 Test Specimens:
in a conditioning chamber maintained at a relative humidity of
7.2.1 The test specimens shall be cut to size for testing and
65 65 %andatemperatureof68 66°F(20 63°C)(SeeNote
dimensions or weight measured, or both, as specified in the
3).
pertinent sections of this standard before being subjected to the
NOTE 3—This conditioning regime represents a common standard for cyclic exposure listed in section 7.3. When tests involving
D1037 − 12 (2020)
FIG. 1 Specimens Supported Vertically in Rack
fasteners are made, the fasteners shall be driven prior to the 7.5.1.1 Tank or Vat—Atank or vat, such as shown in Fig. 2,
aging exposure. Corrosion-resistant fasteners shall be used shallbeusedtoconducttheexposureslistedin7.3.2,7.3.3,and
because extractives or other materials present will corrode 7.3.6 of the accelerated aging test. A unit of the size shown is
ordinary steel fasteners. adequate for specimens of the size required in this standard.
For tests of larger components, units as long as 9 ft (2.7 m)
7.3 Accelerated Aging Cycles:
have proven to be satisfactory. The essential features of the
7.3.1 Subject each specimen to six complete cycles of
tank are as follows:
accelerated aging. If the cycle is to be broken, as for a
7.5.1.2 Corrosion-resistant container, because of extractives
weekend, the break shall be made during the freezing portion
developed during these cycles and present in wood-base
of the cycle. Each cycle shall consist of the following:
materials,
7.3.2 Immersion in water at 120 6 3°F (49 6 2°C) for 1 h,
7.5.1.3 A pipe to the bottom with a diffuser (perforated
7.3.3 Exposure to steam and water vapor at 200 6 5°F (93
T-pipe),
6 3°C) for 3 h,
7.5.1.4 Adrain,althoughforlargertanksapumphasproven
7.3.4 Freezing at 10 6 5°F (-12 6 3°C) for 20 h,
to be advantageous, and
7.3.5 Heating at 210 6 3°F (99 6 2°C) in dry air for 3 h,
7.5.1.5 A loose-fitting cover that will permit some steam to
7.3.6 Exposureagaintosteamandwatervaporat200 65°F
escape during steam and water vapor phase.
(93 6 3°C) for 3 h, and
7.5.1.6 Supports shall be provided in the bottom of the tank
7.3.7 Heating in dry air at 210 6 3°F (99 6 2°C) for 18 h.
to keep the specimens from direct contact with the water.
7.3.8 After the completion of the six-cycle accelerated
7.5.1.7 The tank may be insulated or uninsulated; but if
agingthespecimensshallbeconditionedatatemperatureof68
insulated, the cover is to be left open during the steaming
6 6°F (20 6 3°C) and a relative humidity of 65 6 2 % for at
portion of the cycle. Heat loss during the soaking exposure
least 48 h before testing.
(7.3.2) requires addition of heat by steam or the equivalent.
7.4 Handling and Support of Specimens During Exposure:
This provides for circulation around the specimens being
7.4.1 The specimens shall be supported vertically in racks
soaked and aids in maintaining the desired temperature with
during accelerated aging. One example is shown in Fig. 1.
greater uniformity. Heat loss during the exposure to steam and
Specimens shall fit in the racks loosely with at least 1-in. (25
water vapor (7.3.3 and 7.3.6) along with the escaping steam
mm) separation between specimens so as to freely permit
aids in providing a dynamic condition. During those steps the
swelling both parallel and perpendicular to the plane of the
drain should be open to permit condensate to drain; or as an
panel of the specimen. Racks shall not appreciably shield
alternative method, the water level in the tank should be about
specimens nor prevent draining after soaking. Further, when in
2 in. (51 mm) above the perforated pipes so that the steam
the tank during the exposure to steam and water vapor,
percolates through it.
specimens shall be placed so that jets of steam and vapor will
7.5.2 Controls and Source for Soaking and Steaming—A
not erode the specimens.
suitable unit for providing heat for soaking and exposure to
7.5 Apparatus: steam and water vapor is shown diagrammatically in Fig. 3.In
7.5.1 Tank and Controls for Soaking and Steaming: this instance, an air-operated dry kiln controller provides the
D1037 − 12 (2020)
FIG. 2 Sketch of Stainless Steel Tank for Accelerated Aging Small Specimens
FIG. 3 Diagram of Air-Operated Controller for 120°F (49°C) Soaking and 200°F (93°C) Spraying
temperature control required for either the soaking exposure capacity to maintain the desired temperature and remove
(7.3.2) or the exposure to steam and water vapor (7.3.3 and moisture as fast as it is evaporated.
7.3.6). In operation for the soaking exposure (7.3.2) the tank is
7.6 Inspection of Material During Cyclic Exposure:
filled to the desired level by opening valves 1 and 3, after
7.6.1 The test specimens shall be frequently inspected
which valve 3 is closed. The controller is set at 120°F (49°C)
during the accelerated aging exposure for any signs of delami-
and the sensor is placed in the water at mid-depth. Valve 2 is
nation or other disintegration. If there is any apparent damage
opened and steam flows into the water until desired tempera-
to the material, it shall be described in the report, as well as the
ture is attained and air-operated valve closes. Temperature is
cycle exposure in which the damage became apparent.
maintained automatically by addition of steam as required. For
the exposures of 7.3.3 and 7.3.6, the controller is set for 200°F
7.7 Testing and Reporting:
(93°C) so steam is automatically metered to maintain that
7.7.1 Tests for the appropriate properties shall be conducted
temperature. Valve 2 is adjusted so that cycles of steam “on”
after the final conditioning period (7.3.8). Calculations and
are long with respect to steam “off.” This system requires a
reported results shall be based on both the original dimensions
supply of compressed air.
or weight, or both, and the dimensions or weight, or both, after
7.5.2.1 An electrically controlled valve using thermistor-
the accelerated aging treatment.
actuated relays will function as well.When steam is not readily
available, a small boiler can be used as a source. This positive
8. Size, Physical Properties and Appearance of Panels
system of operation and control has proven to be satisfactory
8.1 Size of Finished Panels:
and requires a minimum of manpower time.
7.5.3 Oven—The oven for heating the specimens at 210°F 8.1.1 When measurements of finished panels are required,
(99°C) shall be of the positive ventilating type of sufficient thewidthandlengthofeachfinishedpanelshallbeobtainedby
D1037 − 12 (2020)
FIG. 4 Static Bending Test Assembly
measuring the width and length at each end and at mid-length limit and work-to-maximum load can be determined. To
to an accuracy of 60.3 % or ⁄16 in. (2 mm), whichever is evaluate directional properties, an equal number of specimens
smaller. shallbetestedwiththeirlong-axisparallelandperpendicularto
the long-axis of the panel.
8.2 Variation in Thickness:
8.2.1 For the determination of variations in thickness, speci-
9.2 Test Specimen:
mens at least 6-in. (152-mm) square shall be used. The
9.2.1 Each test specimen shall be 3 6 ⁄32 in. (76 6 1 mm)
thickness of each specimen shall be measured at five points,
in width if the nominal thickness is greater than ⁄4 in. (6 mm),
near each corner and near the center, and the average thickness
and 2 6 ⁄32 in. (51 6 1 mm) in width if the nominal thickness
and the variation in thickness noted. These measurements shall
is ⁄4 in. or less (see Note 7). The length of each specimen shall
be made to an accuracy of 0.001 in. (0.025 mm).
be 2 in. (51 mm) plus 24 times the nominal thickness (see
Notes 8 and 9). The width and length, of each specimen shall
8.3 Specific Gravity:
be measured to an accuracy of 60.3 %. The thickness of each
8.3.1 Whenspecificgravityofthefinishedpanelisrequired,
specimen shall be measured to an accuracy of 0.001 in. (0.025
specific gravity shall be tested in accordance with Test Meth-
mm).
ods D2395 Method A from a panel specimen with a minimum
2 2
surface area of 9 in. (58 cm ).
NOTE 7—Based on industry practice, OSB is typically tested with a
width of 4.5 in. (114 mm) in accordance with Test Methods D3043
8.4 Moisture Content:
Method D.
8.4.1 The moisture content shall be measured in accordance
NOTE 8—In cutting specimens to meet the length requirements of 2 in.
with Test Methods D4442 Method B from a panel specimen
(51 mm) plus 24 times the nominal thickness, it is not intended that the
2 2
with a minimum surface area of 9 in. (58 cm ). See Note 6.
lengthbechangedforsmallvariationsinthickness.Ratheritisthethought
that the nominal thickness of the panel under test should be used for
NOTE 6—The moisture content may be determined based upon the
determining the specimen length.
“as-tested” and “oven-dry” mass of specimens tested using one of the test
NOTE 9—Long-span specimens are desired for tests in bending so that
procedures listed within this standard.
the effects of deflections due to shear deformations will be minimized and
the values of moduli of elasticity obtained from the bending tests will
8.5 Surface Finish:
approximate the true moduli of the materials.
8.5.1 The finish of both surfaces shall be described. A
photographofeachsurfacemaybetakentoshowthetextureof
9.3 Span and Supports:
the panel. This photograph shall show suitable numbering so
9.3.1 The span for each test shall be 24 times the nominal
that the building panel may be properly identified.
thickness (depth) of the specimen (see Note 10), measured to
an accuracy of 6 ⁄16 in. (2 mm). The supports shall be such
9. Static Bending
thatnoappreciablecrushingofthespecimenwilloccuratthese
9.1 Scope: points during the test. The supports either shall be rounded or
9.1.1 Static bending tests shall be made to determine the shall be bearing plates that are permitted to tilt and roll as the
flexural properties, such as modulus of rupture and apparent specimen deflects. When rounded supports, such as those
modulus of elasticity. When required, the stress at proportional shown in Fig. 4, are used, the radius of the rounded portion
D1037 − 12 (2020)
shall be at least 1 ⁄2 times the thickness of the material being
tested. If the material under test deviates from a plane, laterally
adjustable supports shall be provided (see Note 11).
NOTE 10—Establishment of a span-depth ratio is required to allow an
accurate comparison of test values for materials of different thicknesses. It
should be noted that the span is based on the nominal thickness of the
material and it is not intended that the spans be changed for small
variations in thickness.
NOTE 11—Laterally adjustable supports may be necessary for the
specimens tested in the soaked condition because of warping or twisting
thatmayoccurduetosoaking.Detailsoflaterallyadjustablesupportsmay
be found in Fig. 1 of Test Methods D3043.
9.4 Procedure:
9.4.1 The specimens shall be loaded at the center of span
with the load applied to the top surface of the specimen, as the
product will be installed. If the product can be installed in
either direction then equal number of specimens shall be tested
face-up and face-down. Testing shall maintain a uniform
loading rate through a rounded loading block as shown in Fig.
4. The bearing blocks shall be at least 3 in. (76 mm) in width.
The radius of the rounded portion of the loading block shall be
approximately equal to 1 ⁄2 times the thickness of the speci-
Metric Equivalents
men.
in. 0.2 0.4 0.6 0.8 1.0
9.4.2 For each specimen, the character and the sequence of mm 5 10 15 20 25
lb 4 8 12 16 20 24 28
the failure shall be noted, whether or not the initial failure was
kg 1.8 3.6 5.4 7.2 9 10.8 12.6
in compression or tension. See Note 12.
FIG. 5 Typical Load-Deflection Curve for Static Bending Test
NOTE 12—Photographs of typical failures will be helpful.
9.5 Speed of Testing:
9.5.1 The load shall be applied continuously throughout the
testatauniformrateofmotionofthemovablecrossheadofthe
indicating dial gage or linear voltage differential transducer
testing machine to achieve an outer fiber strain rate of 0.005
(LVDT) or linear potentiometer (see Note 16) attached to the
in./in./min (0.005 mm/mm/min) calculated in accordance with
base of the testing jig, with the dial plunger in contact with the
Eq 1. See Notes 13-15. The crosshead speed, adjusted for
bottom of the specimen at the center. This arrangement is
thickness, shall not vary by more than 650 % from that
shown in Fig. 4. Note the load and deflection at first failure and
specifiedforagiventest.Thespeedoftestingshallberecorded
at maximum load. Take readings of deflection at least to the
on the data sheet.
nearest 0.005 in. (0.10 mm). Fig. 5 shows a typical load-
zL
deflection curve.
N 5 (1)
6d
NOTE 16—The range of standard 0.001-in. (0.02-mm) indicating dial is
where:
1 in. (25 mm). The total deflection of some thicknesses of panels may
N = rate of motion of moving head, in./min (mm/min),
exceed 1 in. at failure. When this happens, either a 2-in. (50-mm)
z = outer fiber strain rate, in./in./min (mm/mm/min), total-travel indicating dial or a suitable 2:1 reducing lever in conjunction
L = span, in. (mm), and with a 1-in. travel dial should be used so that maximum deflections can be
obtained.
d = depth (thickness) of specimen, in. (mm).
NOTE13—Thecrossheadspeedshallmeanthefree-running,orno-load,
9.7 Calculation and Report:
crosshead speed for testing machines of the mechanical-drive type, and
9.7.1 The modulus of rupture, apparent modulus of
the loaded crosshead speed for testing machines of the hydraulic-loading
type.
elasticity, and when required, stress at proportional limit and
NOTE 14—Based on Eq 1, the calculated rate of head descent is:
work-to-maximum load shall be calculated for each specimen
0.12 in./min (3 mm/min) for ⁄4 in. (6 mm) thickness,
in accordance with the following equations:
0.24 in./min (6 mm/min) for ⁄2 in. (12 mm) thickness,
0.36 in./min (9 mm/min) for ⁄4 in. (19 mm) thickness,
3P L
max
R 5 (2)
0.48 in./min (12 mm/min) for 1 in. (25 mm) thickness. 2
b
2bd
NOTE 15—If a faster test speed is desired for Quality Assurance 3
L ∆P
purposes, the principles of section 8.5 of Test Methods D3043 should be
E 5 (3)
4bd ∆y
followed.
3P L
pl
9.6 Load-Deflection Measurements:
S 5 (4)
pl
2bd
9.6.1 The load-deflection data shall be obtained until the
a
maximum load is achieved. The deflection of the specimen
W 5 (5)
ml
shall be measured at the mid-span point by means of an bdL
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where:
a = area under load-deflection curve to maximum load,
lbf·in. (N·m),
b = width of specimen measured in dry condition, in.
(mm),
d = thickness (depth) of specimen measured in dry
condition, in. (mm),
E = apparent modulus of elasticity, psi (kPa),
L = length of span, in. (mm),
∆P
⁄∆y = slope of the straight line portion of the load-
deflection curve (see Note 17), lbf/in. (N/mm),
P = maximum load, lbf (N),
max
P = load at proportional limit (see Note 18), lbf (N),
pl
R = modulus of rupture, psi (kPa),
b
S = stress at proportional limit, psi (kPa), and
pl
3 3
W = work to maximum load, lbf·in./in. (N·mm⁄mm ).
ml
NOTE 17—A linear regression of the load-deflection curve between
10 % and 40 % of P generally produces satisfactory results for
max
(∆P/∆y).
NOTE 18—P can be determined at the point on the load-deflection
pl
curvewheretheslopeofthetangentdeviatesfromtheslopeofthestraight
line (∆P/∆y) more than a given threshold value. The threshold value can
be established based on statistical and graphical methods and experience.
The value of 10 % normally gives a good estimate but it depends on the
calculation procedure, the type and condition of product.
9.7.2 The report shall include the orientation of the face of
thepanelduringthetest(face-uporfacedown),thedescription
of failure, and the calculated properties for each specimen. For
modulus of elasticity and stress at proportional limit the
Metric Equivalents
parameters used in calculations shall be reported.
1 1 1 3
in. ⁄4 11 ⁄4 1 ⁄2 22 ⁄4 310
mm 6 25.4 32 38 51 70 76 254
10. Tension Parallel to Surface
FIG. 6 Detail of Specimen for Tension Test Parallel to Surface
10.1 Scope:
10.1.1 The tension test parallel to the surface shall be made
to determine the tensile strength in the plane of the panel.
When required, the axial stiffness or modulus of elasticity can
10.3.2 For each specimen, the character and location of the
be determined. To evaluate directional properties, an equal
failure shall be noted.
number of specimens shall be tested with their long-axis
10.4 Speed of Testing:
parallel and perpendicular to the long-axis of the panel. See
10.4.1 The load shall be applied continuously throughout
Note 19.
the test at a uniform rate of motion of the movable crosshead
NOTE 19—When the materials exceed 1 in. in thickness, crushing at the
of the testing machine of 0.15 in./min (4 mm/min) 650 %. See
grips during test is likely to adversely affect the test values obtained. It is
Note 13.
recommended that for material greater than 1 inch in thickness, the
material be sawn to ⁄2 in. (12 mm) thickness. Test values obtained from
10.5 Load-Deformation Measurements:
resawnspecimensmaybeonlyapproximate,becausestrengthsofmaterial
10.5.1 When required, obtain load-deformation curves. To
near the surface may vary from the remainder.
measure the deformation, attach an extensometer or other
10.2 Test Specimen:
suitable device over the central portion of the specimen. Points
10.2.1 Each test specimen shall be prepared as shown in
of attachment (gage points) shall be within the reduced section
Fig. 6. The reduced section shall be cut to the size shown with
ofthespecimen.Readthedeformationtothenearest0.0001in.
a band saw. The minimum width of each specimen at the
(0.0025 mm). Choose increments of loading so that not less
reduced section shall be measured to an accuracy of 60.3 %.
than 12 readings are obtained before proportional limit.
The corresponding thickness shall be measured to an accuracy
10.6 Calculation and Report:
of 0.001 in. (0.025 mm).
10.6.1 The maximum tensile stress and, when required,
10.3 Procedure:
modulus of elasticity shall be calculated for each specimen in
10.3.1 The specimen shall be loaded using self-aligning,
accordance with the following equations:
self-tightening grips that distribute the force evenly over the
P
max
grip surface and do not allow slipping, with gripping surfaces
R 5 (6)
t
bd
at least 2-in. (50-mm) square, to transmit the load from the
testing machine to the specimen. Fig. 7 shows a typical lg ∆P
E 5 (7)
t
assembly for the tension test of building panels. bd ∆y
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11.3 Procedure:
11.3.1 Loading blocks of steel or aluminum alloy 2-in.
(50-mm) square and 1 in. (25 mm) in thickness shall be
effectivelybondedwithasuitableadhesive(seeNote20)tothe
square faces of the specimen. The resulting bond shall exceed
the cohesive strength of the material perpendicular to the plane
of the panel. Fig. 8 shows details of the specimen and loading
fixtures. The maximum distance from the center of the univer-
sal joint or self-aligning head to the glued surface of the
specimen shall be 3 in. (76 mm).
NOTE 20—Any suitable adhesive that provides an adequate bond may
be used for bonding the specimen to the loading blocks. Epoxy resins are
recommended as a satisfactory bonding agent. Other resins such as hot
melt cements or water based adhesives may be used provided the
conditionsofgluingdonotsignificantlyalterthemoistureconditionofthe
specimen. The pressure required to bond the blocks to the specimen will
depend on the density of the panel and the adhesive used, and should not
damage the specimen.
11.3.2 Engage the loading fixtures, such as are shown in
Fig. 8, attached to the heads of the testing machine, with the
blocks attached to the specimen. Stress the specimen by
separation of the heads of the testing machine until failure
occurs. The direction of loading shall be as nearly perpendicu-
lar to the faces of the specimen as possible, and the center of
load shall pass through the center of the specimen.
11.4 Speed of Testing:
11.4.1 The load shall be applied continuously throughout
the test at a uniform rate of motion of the movable crosshead
of the testing machine 0.08 in./in. (cm/cm) of thickness per
FIG. 7 Assembly for Tension Test Parallel to Surface
min. It is not intended that the testing machine speed shall be
varied for small differences in panel thickness such as an
embossed surface, but rather that it shall not vary more than
where:
650 % from that specified herein. See Note 13.
b = width of the reduced cross-section of the specimen
11.5 Calculation and Report:
measured in dry condition, in. (mm),
11.5.1 The internal bond of each specimen shall be calcu-
d = thickness of the specimen measured in dry
condition, in. (mm), lated in accordance with the following equation:
E = modulus of elasticity in tension parallel to the
t
P
max
IB 5 (8)
surface of the panel, psi (MPa),
ab
l = gage length or distance between the gage points of
g
where:
extensometer, in. (mm),
∆P
⁄∆y = slope of the straight line portion of the load-
a = width of the specimen measured in dry condition, in.
deformation curve (see Note 17), lbf/in. (N/mm),
(mm),
P = maximum load, lbf (N), and
b = length of the specimen measured in dry condition, in.
max
R = maximum tensile stress, psi (MPa).
t (mm),
P = maximum load, lbf (N), and
10.6.2 The report shall include the calculated properties and max
IB = internal bond strength, psi (MPa).
the description of failure for each specimen. If the failure is
within ⁄2 in. (12 mm) of either grip, the test value shall be
11.5.2 The report shall include the location of the plane of
discarded.
failure such as the face/layer or the upper, middle or lower
third. If any of the specimens fails due to failure of the
11. Tension Perpendicular to Surface (Internal Bond)
adhesive bond to the loading block, the test result of that
specimen shall be discarded.
11.1 Scope:
11.1.1 The tension test perpendicular to the surface shall be
12. Compression Parallel to Surface
made to determine cohesion of the panel in the direction
perpendicular to the plane of the panel.
12.1 Scope:
11.2 Test Specimen: 12.1.1 The compression test parallel to the surface shall be
11.2.1 The test specimen shall be 2-in. (50-mm) square and made to determine the compressive strength in the plane of the
thethicknessshallbethatofthefinishedpanel.Thedimensions panel. When required, the axial stiffness or modulus of
of the specimen shall be measured to an accuracy of 60.3 %. elasticity and stress at proportional limit can be determined.To
D1037 − 12 (2020)
Metric Equivalents
1 5 3 7 1 3 1 9 1 9
in. ⁄4 ⁄16 ⁄8 ⁄16 ⁄2 ⁄4 1 ⁄4 1 ⁄16 22 ⁄16 2 ⁄16
mm 6 7.5 9 10.5 12.7 19 31.7 39 51 52 64.3
FIG. 8 Detail of Specimen and Loading Fixture for Tension Test Perpendicular to Surface
evaluate directional properties, an equal number of specimens thickness as manufactured and evaluations made in a suitable
shallbetestedwiththeirlong-axisparallelandperpendicularto lateral support device. The 4-in. (102-mm) long dimension
the long-axis of the panel. shall be parallel to the applied force.
12.2.4 Method C (Short Column), shall be used when
12.2 Test Methods:
maximum crushing strength only is required or where the
12.2.1 Because of the large variation in character of wood-
thickness of the panel material is 1 in. (25 mm) or more and
base fiber and particle panel materials and the differences in
either maximum crushing strength, modulus of elasticity, and
manufactured thicknesses, one method is not applicable for all
stress at proportional limit or only maximum crushing strength
materials.Oneofthethreemethodsdetailedasfollowsshallbe
is required. When the material being evaluated is 1 in. or less
used depending on the character and thickness of the panel
in thickness, the width of the specimen shall be 1 in. (25 mm),
being evaluated:
the thickness shall be as manufactured, and the length (height
12.2.2 Method A (Laminated Specimen), shall be used for
as tested) shall be four times the thickness. When the material
materials ⁄8 in. (10 mm) or more but less than 1 in. (25 mm)
being evaluated is more than 1 in. (25 mm) in thickness, the
in nominal thickness, particularly when modulus of elasticity
width shall be equal to the nominal thickness and the length
and stress at proportional limit are required. Laminate two
(height as loaded) shall be four times the nominal thickness.
thicknesses when the material is ⁄2 in. (13 mm) or greater
thickness. Use three thicknesses for materials with thickness 12.3 Test Specimen:
less than ⁄2 in. (13 mm). The nominal size of the specimen 12.3.1 The test specimens shall be carefully sawn with
shall be 1 by 4 in. (25 by 102 mm) by the thickness as surfaces smooth and planes at right angles to the faces of the
laminated.The4-in.(102-mm)longdimensionshallbeparallel panels as manufactured. For the laminated specimens (Method
to the applied force. A), pieces of panel at least 1 in. (25 mm) larger in length and
12.2.3 Method B (Lateral Support), shall be used for mate- width than the finished size of specimen shall be laminated
rials less than ⁄8 in. (10 mm) in thickness, particularly when using thin spreads of epoxy resin or other adhesive that does
modulus of elasticity and stress at proportional limit are not contain water or other swelling agent (see Note 21).
required. Specimens shall be 1 by 4 in. (25 by 102 mm) by the Bonding pressures shall not exceed 50 psi (345 kPa). Test
D1037 − 12 (2020)
FIG. 10 Assembly for Compression Parallel to Surface Test of a
Laterally Supported Specimen
are obtained before proportional limit. Read deformation to the
nearest 0.0001 in. (0.0025 mm).
12.7 Calculation and Report:
12.7.1 The compressive strength and, when required, modu-
lus of elasticity and stress at proportional limit shall be
FIG. 9 Assembly for Compression Parallel to Surface Test of Un-
calculated in accordance with the following equations:
supported Specimen
P
max
R 5 (9)
c
bd
l ∆P
g
specimens shall be sawn from the laminated pieces after at
E 5 (10)
bd ∆y
least 8 h of curing of the resin at room temperature. The
P
thickness shall be measured to at least the nearest 0.001 in.
pl
S 5 (11)
pl
bd
(0.025 mm). The width shall be measured to an accuracy of
60.3 %.
where:
NOTE 21—An adhesive that contains water or other swelling agent
b = width of specimen measured in dry condition, in.
might produce internal stresses adjacent to the glue lines.
(mm),
d = thickness of specimen measured in dry condition, in.
12.4 Method of Loading:
(mm),
12.4.1 The specimen shall be loaded through a spherical
E = modulus of elasticity in tension parallel to the
loading block, preferably of the suspended self-aligning type. t
surface of the panel, psi (MPa),
Thespecimenshallbecenteredcarefullyinthetestingmachine
l = distance between the gage points of
in a vertical plane as shown in Fig. 9 for unsupported 4-in. g
compressometer, in. (mm),
(102-mm) specimen and in Fig. 10 for laterally supported pack
∆P
⁄∆y = slope of the straight line portion of the load-
device. See Note 22.
deformation curve (see Note 17), lbf/in. (N/mm),
NOTE 22—The lateral support device is detailed in Fig. 2 of Test
P = maximum load, lbf (N),
max
Methods D3501.
P = load at proportional limit (see Note 18), lbf (N),
pl
12.5 Speed of Testing: R = compressive strength, psi (MPa), and
c
12.5.1 The load shall be applied continuously throughout S = stress at proportional limit, psi (MPa).
pl
the test at a uniform rate of motion of the movable crosshead
12.7.2 The report shall indicate which method (laminated
of the testing machine of 0.005 in./in. (mm/mm) of length per
specimen, lateral support, or short column) was used and the
min. Speed of test therefore for the 4-in. specimen of Methods
calculated properties for each specimen. The type of failure of
Aand B shall be 0.02 in./min (0.5 mm/min.). See Note 13.The
each specimen shall be determined and included in the report.
crosshead speed shall not vary by more than 650 % from that
specified for a given test.
13. Lateral Nail Resistance
12.6 Load-Deformation Measurements:
13.1 Scope:
12.6.1 When required, obtain load-deformation curves for
13.1.1 Nail-holding tests shall be made to measure the
the full duration of each test. Fig. 9 shows a Lamb’s Roller
panel’s resistance to lateral movement of a nail through a panel
Compressometer on an unsupported specimen. Fig. 10 shows a
(Note 23). To evaluate directional properties, an equal number
Marten’s Mirror Compressometer on a laterally supported
of specimens shall be tested with the movement of the nail
specimen. Use these or equally accurate instruments for
parallel and perpendicular to the long-axis of the panel.
measuring deformation. Attach compressometer over the cen-
NOTE 23—If this test is performed on some panels, the nail may bend
tral portion of the length; points of attachment (gage points)
and pull out of the stirrup. If this happens, the maximum load does not
shall be at least 1 in. (25 mm) from the ends of specimen.
characterizethetrueresistanceofthepanelandthisresultshouldbenoted.
Choose increments in loading so that not less than 12 readings In these situations, the nail may be replaced with a hardened steel dowel
D1037 − 12 (2020)
of an equivalent diameter to avoid nail bending and determine the true
resistance of the panel.
NOTE24—Valuesobtainedfromthistestaredependentonthethickness
of the specimen. Values, however, are not directly proportional to the
...