ASTM B884-11(2019)
(Specification)Standard Specification for Niobium-Titanium Alloy Billets, Bar, and Rod for Superconducting Applications
Standard Specification for Niobium-Titanium Alloy Billets, Bar, and Rod for Superconducting Applications
ABSTRACT
This specification covers three grades of zirconium and zirconium alloy forgings. The forgings shall be formed with conventional forging equipment normally found in primary ferrous and nonferrous metal plants. The forgings are furnished in three grades as Grade R60702, Grade R60702, and Grade R60705. Forgings shall be furnished in the annealed conditions. The material shall conform to the requirements as to chemical composition and tensile properties prescribed. Two tension tests shall be made from each lot. Two chemistry tests for hydrogen and nitrogen content shall be made from each lot of finished product. If the results of any tests of any lot do not conform to the requirements specified, retests shall be made on additional forgings of double the original number of the same lot, each of which shall conform to the requirements specified.
SCOPE
1.1 This specification covers niobium-titanium alloy billets, bars, and rods, at 46 to 48 % titanium. This material is used in the manufacture of wire for superconducting applications.
1.2 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical conversions to SI units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard.
1.3 The following precautionary caveat pertains only to the test methods portion, Section 14, of this specification: This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
General Information
Relations
Standards Content (Sample)
This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
Designation: B884 −11 (Reapproved 2019)
Standard Specification for
Niobium-Titanium Alloy Billets, Bar, and Rod for
Superconducting Applications
This standard is issued under the fixed designation B884; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope flection Method Using Pulsed Longitudinal Waves (With-
drawn 2007)
1.1 This specification covers niobium-titanium alloy billets,
E384 Test Method for Microindentation Hardness of Mate-
bars, and rods, at 46 to 48 % titanium. This material is used in
rials
the manufacture of wire for superconducting applications.
E2626 Guide for Spectrometric Analysis of Reactive and
1.2 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded
Refractory Metals (Withdrawn 2017)
as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical
2.2 ANSI Standard:
conversions to SI units that are provided for information only
ANSI B46-1 Surface Texture
and are not considered standard.
2.3 ASNT Standard:
1.3 The following precautionary caveat pertains only to the
ASNT SNT-TC-1A Personnel Qualification and Certifica-
test methods portion, Section 14, of this specification: This
tion in Nondestructive Testing
standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns,
if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user
3. Terminology
of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and
3.1 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:
environmental practices and determine the applicability of
3.1.1 rod, n—material greater than 0.5 in. (13 mm) and less
regulatory limitations prior to use.
than 2.5 in. (60 mm) in diameter.
1.4 This international standard was developed in accor-
3.1.2 bar, n—material greater than or equal to 2.5 in (60
dance with internationally recognized principles on standard-
mm) and less than 6 in. (150 mm) in diameter.
ization established in the Decision on Principles for the
3.1.3 billet, n—material greater than or equal to 6 in. (150
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recom-
mm) in diameter.
mendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical
Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
3.1.4 lot, n—a lot shall consist of material of the same size,
shape, condition, and finish produced from the same ingot or
2. Referenced Documents
powder blend by the same reduction schedule and the same
2.1 ASTM Standards: heat treatment parameters. Unless otherwise agreed between
E29 Practice for Using Significant Digits in Test Data to
manufacturer and purchaser, a lot shall be limited to the
Determine Conformance with Specifications product of an 8th period for final continuous anneal, or to a
E92 Test Methods for Vickers Hardness and Knoop Hard-
single furnace load for final batch anneal.
ness of Metallic Materials
4. Ordering Information
E112 Test Methods for Determining Average Grain Size
E165/E165M Practice for Liquid Penetrant Testing for Gen-
4.1 Purchase orders for material under this specification
eral Industry
should include:
E214 Practice for Immersed Ultrasonic Testing by the Re-
4.1.1 ASTM designation and year of issue,
4.1.2 Quantityinweight,numberofpieces,anddimensions,
4.1.3 Grainsizelimitfordiametersgreaterthan7.75in.(see
This specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee B10 on
7.2 and Table 1),
Reactive and Refractory Metals and Alloys and is the direct responsibility of
Subcommittee B10.03 on Niobium and Tantalum.
Current edition approved April 1, 2019. Published May 2019. Originally
approved in 1997. Last previous edition approved in 2011 as B884 – 11. DOI: The last approved version of this historical standard is referenced on
10.1520/B0884-11R19. www.astm.org.
2 4
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or Available fromAmerican National Standards Institute (ANSI), 25 W. 43rd St.,
contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM 4th Floor, New York, NY 10036, http://www.ansi.org.
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on AvailablefromAmericanSocietyforNondestructiveTesting(ASNT),P.O.Box
the ASTM website. 28518, 1711 Arlingate Ln., Columbus, OH 43228-0518, http://www.asnt.org.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
B884 − 11 (2019)
TABLE 1 Grain Size Requirements TABLE 3 Permissible Variations in Diameters
Rod, Bar, and Billet Grain Size Number Tolerance, plus or
Diameter in. (mm)
Diameter in. (mm) (weighted average) minus, in. (mm)
0.5 to 2 incl (13 to 50 incl) 4.5 or finer 0.51 to 1.0 (13.1 to 25) 0.010 (0.25)
2 excl to 4.5 incl (50 excl to 115 incl) 2.5 or finer 1.1 to 4.0 (25.1 to 100) 0.015 (0.4)
4 excl to 6 incl (115 excl to 150 incl) 1.5 or finer Over 4.0 (100) 0.020 (0.5)
6 excl to 7.75 incl (150 excl to 200 incl) 1.0 or finer
Greater than 7.75 (200) To be set in purchase order
7.2 The grain size of finished billets or rods shall meet the
limits in Table 1 (see 14.3).
4.1.4 Surface texture, if required (see 10.3),
7.3 The product shall be free of cracks, laminations,
4.1.5 Annealing condition, if different from 7.1,
inclusions, voids, and other ruptures with size larger than 3 %
4.1.6 Permissible variations in diameter and length (see 9.1
of the product diameter or 0.096 in. (2.5 mm) equivalent
and 9.2),
diameter, whichever is smaller. This characteristic shall be
4.1.7 Sampling and analytical methods, if required (see
measured by ultrasonic testing (see 14.5).
11.3),
8. Mechanical Properties
4.1.8 Inspection requirements (see Section 15),
4.1.9 Certification and report needs (see Section 17), and
8.1 Hardness testing will be performed on each lot of
4.1.10 Additions to the specification and supplementary
finished product and the average of three readings shall be less
requirements, as required.
than 170 DPH (see 14.2).
5. Materials and Manufacture
9. Permissible Variations in Dimensions
5.1 Materials covered by this specification shall be made
9.1 Permissible variations in diameters for finished product
from ingots which are produced by vacuum, plasma-arc, or
shall be as specified in Table 3, unless otherwise agreed to
electron beam furnace melting, or a combination of these
between manufacturer and purchaser.
methods. All melting is to be carried out in furnaces usually
9.2 Permissible variations in length for finished product
used for reactive metals.
shall be as specified in the purchase order.
5.2 The products covered by this specification are formed
10. Workmanship, Finish, and Appearance
with conventional forging, swaging, rolling, extruding, and
drawing equipment normally available in metalworking plants.
10.1 Surface Condition—The finished material shall be free
of visually detectable cracks, seams, slivers, blisters, laps,
6. Chemical Composition
gouges, and other injurious imperfections.
6.1 The Nb-Ti alloy ingots, billets, and rods covered by this
10.2 Liquid Penetrant Examination—The surfaces of billet
specification shall conform to the chemical composition limits
and bar shall be examined using liquid penetrant inspection
shown in Table 2.
methods (see 14.4). The following indications are unaccept-
6.2 The manufacturer’s ingot analysis shall be considered able:
the chemical analysis for the products supplied to this 10.2.1 Cracks,
specification, except for the interstitials carbon, oxygen, 10.2.2 Linear indications,
nitrogen, and hydrogen. When specified in the purchase order,
10.2.3 Roundedindicationswithdimensionsexceeding0.03
theanalysisfortheseinterstitialsshallbemeasuredonproduct. in. (0.8 mm), and
10.2.4 For sidewall surfaces only, rounded indications that
7. Physical Properties
are separated by less than 0.03 in. (0.8 mm) edge to edge.
7.1 Unless otherwise specified in the purchase order, the
10.3 Surface Finish—Surface finish shall be as specified in
material will be supplied in the annealed state.
the purchase order (see 14.6).
10.4 Surface Preparation—The finished surface shall be
TABLE 2 Chemical Requirements
pickled and rinsed in water. Removal of liquid penetrant test
Ingot
materials after pickling shall be by rinsing or additional
Element Maximum
pickling.
Limit (ppm)
Aluminum 100 10.5 Cleanliness—Materials shall be clean to the extent that
Carbon 200
no contamination is visible to the unaided eye, corrected for
Chromium 100
20/20 vision, when viewed under an illumination of at least
Copper 100
Hydrogen 45
100 foot candles (1100 lux) on the surface being tested.
Iron 200
Nickel 100
11. Sampling
Nitrogen 150
Oxygen 1000 11.1 Ingots—Samples for ingot chemical analyses shall be
Silicon 100
taken on the ingot sidewall at least at three positions along the
Tantalum 2500
ingotincludingthemiddleandtowithin5in.(125mm)ofeach
Titanium 46 to 48 %
end.
B884 − 11 (2019)
11.2 Product—Samplesforchemicalandmechanicaltesting identification. Other inspections shall be as agreed upon
shall be taken from the finished material after all metallurgical between purchaser and the manufacturer and included in the
processing to determine conformity to this specification. The purchase order.
samples may be taken prior to final inspection and minor
15.2 If so specified on the purchase order, the purchaser or
surface conditioning by abrasion and pickling, and shall be
his representative may witness the testing and inspection of the
representative of the finished product.
material at the place of manufacture. In such cases, the
11.3 Care shall be exercised to ensure that the sample purchases shall state in the purchase order which tests are to be
selected for testing is representative of the material and that it witnessed. The manufacturer shall give ample notice to the
is not contaminated by the sampling procedure. If there is any purchaser as to the time and place of the designated test. If the
questions relating to the sampling technique or the analysis purchaser’s representative is not present at the agreed-upon
thereof, the methods of sampling and analysis shall be as time for the testing, and if no new date is agreed upon, the
agreed upon between the purchaser and the manufacturer. manufacturer shall consider the requirement for purchaser’s
inspection at the place of manufacture to be waived. When the
12. Number of Tests and Retests
inspector representing the purchaser does appear at the ap-
12.1 Initial Tests—Each product sample shall be tested once
pointed place and time, the manufacturer shall afford all
for each product test requirement. reasonable facilities to see that the material is being furnished
in accordance with this specification. This inspection shall be
12.2 Invalid Tests—If any sample or test is found to be
conducted so as not to interfere unnecessarily with production
contaminatedorimproperlydone,theresultmaybeinvalidated
operations.
and a new test done to replace the original.
12.3 Retests—If a test result does not meet the specification
16. Rejection and Rehearing
or is questionable, retests may be performed on twice the
16.1 Material that does not conform to this specification or
number of samples originally tested. Both retest values must
the purchase order may be rejected. The manufacturer may
conform to the specification. All three values will be reported
elect to repair the material or request a waiver from the
on the certification. The retest values shall be marked with an
customer.
“R.” Alternatively, each piece in the lot may be tested and
16.2 In the event of a disagreement between the manufac-
deviant pieces rejected or reworked.
turer and the purchaser concerning material compliance with
12.4 Rework—Product not meeting this specification may
the purchase order, a mutually acceptable referee may perform
be reworked to meet this specification.
the tests in question. The referee’s results shall be used in
13. Significance of Numerical Limits determining compliance.
13.1 For the purpose of determining compliance with the
17. Certification
specified limits for requirements of the properties listed in this
17.1 The manufacturer shall furnish the purchaser with a
specification, an observed value or a calculated value shall be
certificate that the material was manufactured, sampled, tested,
rounded as indicated in accordance with the rounding method
and inspected in accordance with this specification and has
of Practice E29.
been found to meet the requirements. The certificate shall
14. Test Methods
include a report of the test results.
14.1 Analytical methods for chemical composition shall be
18. Product Marking
in accordance with industry or manufacturer’s standards.
Guide E2626 may be used as a guide for chemical analysis
18.1 Each billet, rod, bundle, or box shall be marked or
techniques.
tagged legibly and conspicuously with the number of this
specification, type, temper, lot number, manufacturer’s
14.2 Hardness testing of product shall be according to Test
identification, nominal size, and the gross, net, and tare
Methods E92 or E384.
weights. If marking fluids are used, they shall be of such a
14.3 Measure grain size according to Test Methods E112.
nature as to be easily removed with cleaning solutions. The
14.4 Perform liquid penetrant examination in accordance
markingsortheirremovalshallhavenodeleteriouseffectupon
with Test Method E165/E165M.
the material or its performance. The characters shall be
sufficiently stable to withstand ordinary handling.
14.5 Perform ultrasonic testing in accordance with Annex
A1 for material greater than 2.0 in. (50 mm) in diameter and
19. Packaging and Package Marking
Practice E214 for material equal to or less than 2.0 in. (50 mm)
19.1 All material shall be packed in such a manner as to
in diameter.
ensure safe delivery to its destination.
14.6 Measure the surface finish when required by purchase
19.2 The box identification shall include the following:
order, in accordance with ANSI B46-1.
19.2.1 ASTM designation and alloy (NbTi),
15. Inspection
19.2.2 Purchase order number,
15.1 In addition to the above specified inspections, the 19.2.3 Lot number,
manufacturer shall inspect final product for dimensions and 19.2.4 Number of pieces,
B884 − 11 (2019)
19.2.5 Manufacturer’s name, 20. Keywords
19.2.6 Gross, tare, and net weights, and
20.1 niobium; niobium alloy; niobium-titanium alloy; su-
19.2.7 Size. perconductor; titanium; titanium alloy
ANNEX
(Mandatory Informati
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