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ASTM G58-85(2015)

(Practice)

Standard Practice for Preparation of Stress-Corrosion Test Specimens for Weldments

Standard Practice for Preparation of Stress-Corrosion Test Specimens for Weldments

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
4.1 The intent of this practice is to indicate standard welded specimens and welding procedures for evaluating the SCC characteristics of weldments in corrosive environments. The practice does not recommend the specific corrosive media that may be selected by the user depending upon the intent of his investigation. Specific corrosive media are included in Practices G35, G36, G37, and G44. Other environments can be used as required.
SCOPE
1.1 This practice covers procedures for the making and utilization of test specimens for the evaluation of weldments in stress-corrosion cracking (SCC) environments.  
1.2 Test specimens are described in which (a) stresses are developed by the welding process only, (b) stresses are developed by an externally applied load in addition to the stresses due to welding, and (c) stresses are developed by an externally applied load only with residual welding stresses removed by annealing.  
1.3 This practice is concerned only with the welded test specimen and not with the environmental aspects of stress-corrosion testing. Specific practices for the bending and loading of test specimens, as well as the stress considerations involved in preparation of C-rings, U-bend, bent-beam, and tension specimens are discussed in other ASTM standards.  
1.4 The actual stress in test specimens removed from weldments is not precisely known because it depends upon the level of residual stress from the welding operation combined with the applied stress. A method for determining the magnitude and direction of residual stress which may be applicable to weldment is described in Test Method E837. The reproducibility of test results is highly dependent on the preparation of the weldment, the type of test specimen tested, and the evaluation criteria used. Sufficient replication should be employed to determine the level of inherent variability in the specific test results that is consistent with the objectives of the test program.  
1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. (For more specific safety hazards information, see Section 7.)

General Information

Status
Historical
Publication Date
31-Oct-2015
ICS
25.160.40 - Welded joints and welds
Technical Committee
G01 - Corrosion of Metals
Drafting Committee
G01.06 - Environmentally Assisted Cracking
Current Stage
Ref Project

Relations

Replaces
ASTM G58-85(2011) - Standard Practice for Preparation of Stress-Corrosion Test Specimens for Weldments
Effective Date
01-Nov-2015
Refers
ASTM G49-85(2023)e1 - Standard Practice for Preparation and Use of Direct Tension Stress-Corrosion Test Specimens
Effective Date
01-Nov-2023
Refers
ASTM G36-94(2018) - Standard Practice for Evaluating Stress-Corrosion-Cracking Resistance of Metals and Alloys in a Boiling Magnesium Chloride Solution
Effective Date
01-Oct-2018
Refers
ASTM G30-97(2015) - Standard Practice for Making and Using U-Bend Stress-Corrosion Test Specimens
Effective Date
01-Nov-2015
Refers
ASTM G36-94(2013) - Standard Practice for Evaluating Stress-Corrosion-Cracking Resistance of Metals and Alloys in a Boiling Magnesium Chloride Solution
Effective Date
01-May-2013
Refers
ASTM E837-13 - Standard Test Method for Determining Residual Stresses by the Hole-Drilling Strain-Gage Method
Effective Date
01-Apr-2013
Refers
ASTM E399-12 - Standard Test Method for Linear-Elastic Plane-Strain Fracture Toughness <emph type="bdit" >K<inf> Ic</inf></emph> of Metallic Materials
Effective Date
15-Nov-2012
Refers
ASTM E399-12e1 - Standard Test Method for Linear-Elastic Plane-Strain Fracture Toughness K<inf>Ic</inf > of Metallic Materials
Effective Date
15-Nov-2012
Refers
ASTM E399-12e3 - Standard Test Method for Linear-Elastic Plane-Strain Fracture Toughness K<inf>Ic</inf > of Metallic Materials
Effective Date
15-Nov-2012
Refers
ASTM E399-12e2 - Standard Test Method for Linear-Elastic Plane-Strain Fracture Toughness K<inf>Ic</inf > of Metallic Materials
Effective Date
15-Nov-2012
Refers
ASTM G1-03(2011) - Standard Practice for Preparing, Cleaning, and Evaluating Corrosion Test Specimens
Effective Date
01-Dec-2011
Refers
ASTM G39-99(2011) - Standard Practice for Preparation and Use of Bent-Beam Stress-Corrosion Test Specimens
Effective Date
01-Mar-2011
Refers
ASTM G37-98(2011) - Standard Practice for Use of Mattsson's Solution of pH 7.2 to Evaluate the Stress- Corrosion Cracking Susceptibility of Copper-Zinc Alloys
Effective Date
01-Feb-2011
Refers
ASTM G35-98(2010) - Standard Practice for Determining the Susceptibility of Stainless Steels and Related Nickel-Chromium-Iron Alloys to Stress-Corrosion Cracking in Polythionic Acids
Effective Date
01-Sep-2010
Refers
ASTM E837-08e2 - Standard Test Method for Determining Residual Stresses by the Hole-Drilling Strain-Gage Method
Effective Date
23-Jul-2009

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ASTM G58-85(2015) - Standard Practice for Preparation of Stress-Corrosion Test Specimens for WeldmentsASTM G58-85(2015) - Standard Practice for Preparation of Stress-Corrosion Test Specimens for Weldments
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ASTM G58-85(2015) - Standard Practice for Preparation of Stress-Corrosion Test Specimens for Weldments
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Standards Content (Sample)

This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
Designation: G58 − 85 (Reapproved 2015)
Standard Practice for
Preparation of Stress-Corrosion Test Specimens for
1
Weldments
ThisstandardisissuedunderthefixeddesignationG58;thenumberimmediatelyfollowingthedesignationindicatestheyearoforiginal
adoptionor,inthecaseofrevision,theyearoflastrevision.Anumberinparenthesesindicatestheyearoflastreapproval.Asuperscript
epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope 2. Referenced Documents
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
1.1 This practice covers procedures for the making and
E8Test Methods for Tension Testing of Metallic Materials
utilizationoftestspecimensfortheevaluationofweldmentsin
E399Test Method for Linear-Elastic Plane-Strain Fracture
stress-corrosion cracking (SCC) environments.
Toughness K of Metallic Materials
Ic
1.2 Test specimens are described in which (a) stresses are
E837Test Method for Determining Residual Stresses by the
developed by the welding process only, (b) stresses are
Hole-Drilling Strain-Gage Method
developed by an externally applied load in addition to the
G1Practice for Preparing, Cleaning, and Evaluating Corro-
stresses due to welding, and (c) stresses are developed by an
sion Test Specimens
externally applied load only with residual welding stresses
G30 Practice for Making and Using U-Bend Stress-
removed by annealing.
Corrosion Test Specimens
G35Practice for Determining the Susceptibility of Stainless
1.3 This practice is concerned only with the welded test
Steels and Related Nickel-Chromium-Iron Alloys to
specimen and not with the environmental aspects of stress-
Stress-Corrosion Cracking in Polythionic Acids
corrosion testing. Specific practices for the bending and load-
G36Practice for Evaluating Stress-Corrosion-Cracking Re-
ing of test specimens, as well as the stress considerations
sistance of Metals and Alloys in a Boiling Magnesium
involved in preparation of C-rings, U-bend, bent-beam, and
Chloride Solution
tension specimens are discussed in other ASTM standards.
G37Practice for Use of Mattsson’s Solution of pH 7.2 to
1.4 The actual stress in test specimens removed from
Evaluate the Stress-Corrosion Cracking Susceptibility of
weldments is not precisely known because it depends upon the
Copper-Zinc Alloys
level of residual stress from the welding operation combined
G38 Practice for Making and Using C-Ring Stress-
with the applied stress. A method for determining the magni-
Corrosion Test Specimens
tudeanddirectionofresidualstresswhichmaybeapplicableto
G39Practice for Preparation and Use of Bent-Beam Stress-
weldment is described inTest Method E837.The reproducibil-
Corrosion Test Specimens
ity of test results is highly dependent on the preparation of the
G44PracticeforExposureofMetalsandAlloysbyAlternate
weldment, the type of test specimen tested, and the evaluation
Immersion in Neutral 3.5 % Sodium Chloride Solution
criteria used. Sufficient replication should be employed to
G49Practice for Preparation and Use of Direct Tension
determine the level of inherent variability in the specific test
Stress-Corrosion Test Specimens
resultsthatisconsistentwiththeobjectivesofthetestprogram.
3. Summary of Practice
1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the
3.1 The following summarizes the test objectives that may
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
be evaluated:
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
3.1.1 Resistance to SCC of a total weldment (weld, heat-
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-
affected zone, and parent metal) as produced by a specific
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use. (For more specific
welding process;
safety hazards information, see Section 7.)
3.1.2 Resistance to SCC of deposited weld metal;
3.1.3 Determination of a stress level or stress intensity that
will produce SCC in a weldment;
1
This practice is under the jurisdiction ofASTM Committee G01 on Corrosion
of Metals and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee G01.06 on Environmen-
2
tally Assisted Cracking. For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
Current edition approved Nov. 1, 2015. Published December 2015. Originally contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
approved in 1985. Last previous edition approved in 2011 as G58–85(2011). DOI: Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
10.1520/G0058-85R15. the ASTM website.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1

---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
G58 − 85 (2015)
Procedure:
(a) Spec
...

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This test method covers a uniform procedure for radioscopic examination of weldments. Requirements expressed in this test method are intended to control the quality of the radioscopic images and are not intended for controlling acceptability or quality of welds. It applies only to the use of equipment for radioscopic examination in which the image is finally presented on a television monitor for operator evaluation. The examination may be recorded for later review. It does not apply to fully automated systems where evaluation is automatically performed by computer. Unless otherwise specified by the applicable job order or contract, radioscopic examination shall be performed in accordance with a written procedure which includes: material and thickness range to be examined; equipment to be used, including specifications of source parameters and imaging equipment parameters; examination geometry, including source-to-object distance, object-to-detector-distance and orientation; image quality indicator designation and placement; test-object scan plan, indicating the range of motions and manipulation speeds through which the test object shall be manipulated in order to ensure satisfactory results; image-processing parameters; image-display parameters; and image storage.
SCOPE
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1.3 The radioscopic extent, the quality level, and the acceptance criteria to be applied shall be specified in the contract, purchase order, product specification, or drawings.  
1.4 This practice can be used for the detection of discontinuities. This practice also facilitates the examination of a weld from several directions, such as perpendicular to the weld surface and along both weld bevel angles. The radioscopic techniques described in this practice provide adequate assurance for defect detectability; however, it is recognized that, for special applications, specific techniques using more stringent requirements may be needed to provide additional detection capability. The use of specific radioscopic techniques shall be agreed upon between purchaser and supplier.  
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FIG. 1 Schematic Representation of Weld Zones and Discontinuities  
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1.1 This practice covers the requirements for mechanized ultrasonic examination of girth welds. Evaluation is based upon the results of mechanized ultrasonic examination. Acceptance criteria are based upon flaw limits defined by an Engineering Critical Assessment (ECA) or other accept/reject criteria defined by the Contracting Agency.  
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5.1 The purpose of the alternating current field measurement method is to evaluate welds for surface breaking discontinuities such as fabrication and fatigue cracks. The examination results may then be used by qualified organizations to assess weld service life or other engineering characteristics (beyond the scope of this practice). This practice is not intended for the examination of welds for non-surface breaking discontinuities.
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1.1 This practice describes procedures to be followed during alternating current field measurement examination of welds for baseline and service-induced surface breaking discontinuities.  
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1.4 Units—The values stated in either inch-pound units or SI units are to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated in each system might not be exact equivalents; therefore, each system shall be used independently of the other. Combining values from the two systems may result in nonconformance with the standard.  
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Standard Practice for Guided Side Bend Evaluation of Polyethylene Pipe Butt Fusion Joint

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 This standard practice is a procedure to evaluate the ductility of side bend test specimens that are a transverse section of the pipe wall and butt fusion. Side bend test specimens are prepared from bend test coupons from sample polyethylene pipe butt fusion joints that are made using polyethylene pipe having a wall thickness of approximately 1 in. (25 mm) and greater. A three-point bend is applied to the side bend test specimen by pressing the side bend test specimen into a gap between two rotatable supports with a loading nose. The bending load is applied such that the bending strain is transverse to the plane of the fusion joint.  
5.2 Equipment for cutting bend test coupons, preparing side bend test specimens and conducting this practice is available for laboratory and for field use.  
5.3 Benchmark criteria for evaluating field testing results are developed by testing a statistically valid number of sample butt fusions in a controlled environment, preferably using equipment for field use. Guided side bend test results from field tests are then evaluated by comparison to benchmark test results from the controlled environment.
SCOPE
1.1 This practice provides information on apparatus, specimen preparation and procedure for conducting a guided three point side bend evaluation of a transverse specimen cut from a coupon removed from a butt fusion joint in polyethylene pipe having a wall thickness of approximately 1 in. (25 mm) and thicker. See Fig. 1. This practice provides a means to assess ductility of a butt fusion joint by applying a lateral (side) bending strain across a specimen taken from the full butt fusion cross-section, from outside diameter to inside diameter.  
Note 1: For wall thicknesses less than 1 in. the user is referred to Practice F2620, Appendix X4.1 for bend back testing.
FIG. 1 Guided Side Bend Conceptual Schematic  
1.2 No test values are provided by this practice. The result is a non-numerical report. Criteria for test result evaluation are provided in standards or codes that specify the use of this practice by comparison to benchmark laboratory results as described in 5.3 or by comparison to example results presented in Appendix X1 to this practice.  
1.3 Units—The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical conversions to SI units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard.  
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
Note 2: Laboratory methods that are commonly used for testing polyethylene butt fusion joints include Test Method D638, Test Method D790 and Test Method F2634.
Note 3: This practice has been developed for use on butt fusion joints in polyethylene pipe with a wall thickness of 1.00 in. or greater. The practice may be used on butt fusion joints in polyethylene pipe with thinner wall thicknesses. However, the applicability of the practice should be determined by the user of the practice.  
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ASTM
ASTM E190-21(Test Method)
Standard Test Method for Guided Bend Test for Ductility of Welds

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 The guided bend test as described in this test method is used to evaluate the quality of welds as a function of ductility as evidenced by their ability to resist cracking during bending.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers a guided bend test for the determination of soundness and ductility of welds in ferrous and nonferrous products. Flaws, not shown by X rays, can appear in the surface of a specimen when it is subjected to progressive localized overstressing.  
1.2 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical conversions to SI units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard.  
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

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ASTM
ASTM F3507-21(Practice)
Standard Practice for Butt-Fusion Joining of Crosslinkable Polyethylene (CX-PE) Pipe and Tubing

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 The procedures described in Section 8 are intended for butt-fusion joining of CX-PE pipe and tubing, using suitable equipment and appropriate environmental control procedures. Appropriate controls are established on the butt-fusion joining process to ensure that the pipe is suitable for joining, that the operator is properly trained, that adequate apparatus and procedures are used, and that the process is protected from environmental extremes. The controls are established by testing butt-fusion joints, operator skills, the apparatus and the procedures used. When this practice is properly implemented, strong pressure and leak-tight joints are produced. When joints made in accordance with this practice are destructively tested, failures are expected to occur outside the fusion-joined area.  
5.1.1 This practice shall not be used to join PEX pipe or tubing made in accordance with Specification F876 or any other PEX pipe or system specification. This practice is not intended to be used for pipe or tubing to be crosslinked by radiation or by using peroxides. This practice shall not be used to join CX-PE pipe that has been commissioned. CX-PE pipe that has been commissioned is crosslinked pipe.  
5.2 Melt characteristics, average molecular weight and molecular weight distribution are influential factors in establishing suitable fusion parameters, therefore, consider the manufacturers instructions in the use or development of a specific fusion procedure.  
5.3 The butt fusion procedures in this practice are suitable for joining CX-PE pipe and tubing that is used in pressure, low pressure, and non-pressure applications. For some applications, qualification of the procedure by testing joints made using the procedure in accordance with regulations from the authority having jurisdiction are required.  
5.4 This butt-fusion joining practice shall only be used to join pipe or tubing made from compatible CX-PE compounds and meeting the same specification dimensions for ou...
SCOPE
1.1 This practice describes procedures for making butt fusion joints with crosslinkable polyethylene (CX-PE) pipe and tubing2 which is less than 30 % crosslinked at the time of joining. This practice shall not be applied to crosslinked products, that is PEX pipe or tubing or to CX-PE after commissioning3 (commissioning transitions CX-PE pipe into crosslinked pipe).
Note 1: For avoidance of doubt, CX-PE is a completely different product than PEX, especially for the purposes of butt-fusion joining and the fabrication of fittings. The two must not be confused by the reader of this standard.  
1.2 The main difference between this practice and Practice F2620 is that the production date of pipe must be checked prior to butt fusion. Field experiments have indicated that it is best to make heat fused joints before the pipe has aged six months to ensure it has not crosslinked more than 30 % at ambient conditions. (See 7.2.)  
1.3 Joints are made by means of butt-fusion joining in, but not limited to, a field environment. Other suitable butt-fusion joining procedures may be available from various sources including pipe and fitting manufacturers. This practice does not claim to address all possible butt-fusion joining procedures and does not prevent the use of qualified procedures developed by other parties that have been proven to produce reliable butt fusion joints.  
1.4 The parameters and procedures set forth in this practice are applicable to the butt-fusion joining of CX-PE pipe and tubing. Consult with the manufacturers of CX-PE pipe or tubing to ensure that they approve of the use of this practice for butt-fusion joining of their products. This practice applies to butt fusion of both CX-PE pipe and tubing even when tubing is not explicitly referred to.  
1.5 CX-PE pipe or tubing is required to produce sound joints when using the joining procedures described in this practice. Component ends joined in accordance with th...

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