ASTM E1428-15
(Test Method)Standard Test Method for Evaluating the Performance of Antimicrobials in or on Polymeric Solids Against Staining by Streptomyce species (A Pink Stain Organism)
Standard Test Method for Evaluating the Performance of Antimicrobials in or on Polymeric Solids Against Staining by <emph type="ital">Streptomyce species </emph > (A Pink Stain Organism)
SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 Methods such as D3273 Standard Test Method for Resistance to Growth of Mold on the Surface of Interior Coatings in an Environmental Chamber and D3274 Standard Test Method for Evaluating the Degree of Surface Disfigurement of Paint Films by Fungal or Algal Growth or Soil or Dirt Accumulation provide means for assessing mold and algal staining on paints.
5.2 This test method provides a technique for evaluating antimicrobials in or on polymeric solids against staining by Streptomyces species, bacteria and should assist in the prediction of performance of treated articles under actual field conditions.
5.3 Conditioning of the specimens, such as exposure to leaching, weathering, and heat treatment, may have significant effects on performance of antimicrobials against staining. Determination of these effects is not included in this test method.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method is intended to assess susceptibility of vinyl and other solid polyer products as well as products that may directly contact vinyl to pink-staining by the actinomycete bacteria Streptomyces species.
1.2 This test method is not suitable for evaluating dark-pigmented test samples.
1.3 A knowledge of microbiological techniques is recommended for these procedures.
1.4 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.
1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
General Information
Relations
Buy Standard
Standards Content (Sample)
NOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or withdrawn.
Contact ASTM International (www.astm.org) for the latest information
Designation: E1428 − 15
StandardTest Method for
Evaluating the Performance of Antimicrobials in or on
Polymeric Solids Against Staining by Streptomyce species (A
1
Pink Stain Organism)
This standard is issued under the fixed designation E1428; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
INTRODUCTION
When certain bacteria and mold species grow on the surface of flexible or “plasticized” polymers,
metabolites such as pigments in the case of certain bacteria and melanin (dark stains from fungal
growth) cause undesirable stains on the polymer surface. Theses stains may persist even after the
surface growth is removed. This test method is used for determining the performance of antimicrobial
agents used in or on synthetic polymeric solids against pink-staining by the actinomycete,
Streptomyces species. This organism has been chosen as an indicator organism, although other
organisms have been known to cause undesirable staining in polymeric solids.
1. Scope D3273 TestMethodforResistancetoGrowthofMoldonthe
Surface of Interior Coatings in an Environmental Cham-
1.1 This test method is intended to assess susceptibility of
ber
vinyl and other solid polyer products as well as products that
D3274 Test Method for Evaluating Degree of Surface Dis-
maydirectlycontactvinyltopink-stainingbytheactinomycete
figurement of Paint Films by Fungal or Algal Growth, or
bacteria Streptomyces species.
Soil and Dirt Accumulation
1.2 This test method is not suitable for evaluating dark-
E2756 Terminology Relating to Antimicrobial and Antiviral
pigmented test samples.
Agents
1.3 A knowledge of microbiological techniques is recom-
mended for these procedures. 3. Terminology
1.4 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as
3.1 For definitions of terms used in this standard refer to
standard. No other units of measurement are included in this
Terminology E2756.
standard.
3.2 Definitions:
1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the
3.2.1 microbially induced staining—undesirable pigmenta-
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
tion or disfiguration of an object due to surface colonization by
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
certain microorganisms.
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-
3.2.1.1 Discussion—Both bacteria and fungi produce meta-
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.
bolic pigments that can result in surface stains on susceptible
objects.
2. Referenced Documents
3.2.2 Pink stain organism, n—refers to a staining phenom-
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
ena caused by a metabolic pigment produced by actinomycete
bacteria specifically, Streptomyces species ATCC 25607 (de-
3
posited as Streptoverticillium reticulum).
1
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee E35 on
Pesticides, Antimicrobials, and Alternative Control Agentsand is the direct respon-
sibility of Subcommittee E35.15 on Antimicrobial Agents.
Current edition approved Feb. 15, 2015. Published June 2015. Originally
3
approved in 1991. Last previous edition approved in 2009 as E1428 – 99(2009). The sole source of supply of ISP Medium 2(Yeast Malt ExtractAgar), Catalog
DOI: 10.1520/E1428-15. No. 2770-010 known to the committee at this time is BD, 1 Becton Drive Franklin
2
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or Lakes, NJ 07417 or www.bd.com. If you are aware of alternative suppliers, please
contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM provide this information toASTM International Headquarters. Your comments will
1
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on receive careful consideration at a meeting of the responsible technical committee,
the ASTM website. which you may attend.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1
---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
E1428 − 15
4. Summary of Test Method than 12 months at approximately 3 to 10°C. Subcultures,
incubated at 29 6 1°C for 7 to 14 days, shall be used for
4.1 Test specimens are placed on an agar surface inoculated
inoculation.
with Streptoverticillium species and incubated. After
incubation, test specimens are rated visually by percentage of
9. Test Specimens
sample area stained.
9.1 From each test unit (Note 2), cut duplicate 0.75 in.
5. Significance and Use diameter discs. If the test unit is of different construction on
each side, two specimens of each, two face up and two face
5.1 Methods such as D3273 Standard Test Me
...
This document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Because
it may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current version
of the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.
Designation: E1428 − 99 (Reapproved 2009) E1428 − 15
Standard Test Method for
Evaluating the Performance of Antimicrobials in or on
Polymeric Solids Against Staining by Streptoverticillium
1
reticulumStreptomyce species (A Pink Stain Organism)
This standard is issued under the fixed designation E1428; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
INTRODUCTION
When certain bacteria and mold species grow on the surface of flexible or “plasticized” polymers,
metabolites such as pigments in the case of certain bacteria and melanin (dark stains from fungal
growth) cause undesirable stains on the polymer surface. Theses stains may persist even after the
surface growth is removed. This test method is used for determining the performance of antimicrobial
agents used in or on synthetic polymeric solids against pink-staining by the actinomycete,
Streptomyces species. This organism has been chosen as an indicator organism, although other
organisms have been known to cause undesirable staining in polymeric solids.
1. Scope
1.1 This test method is used for determining the performance of antimicrobial agents used in or on synthetic polymeric solids
against staining intended to assess susceptibility of vinyl and other solid polyer products as well as products that may directly
contact vinyl to pink-staining by the actinomycete Streptoverticillium reticulum.bacteria This Streptomyces species.organism has
been chosen as an indicator organism, although other organisms have been known to cause undesirable staining in polymeric
solids.
1.2 This test method is not suitable for evaluating dark-pigmented test samples.
1.3 A knowledge of microbiological techniques is recommended for these procedures.
1.4 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.
1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility
of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory
limitations prior to use.
2. Referenced Documents
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
D3273 Test Method for Resistance to Growth of Mold on the Surface of Interior Coatings in an Environmental Chamber
D3274 Test Method for Evaluating Degree of Surface Disfigurement of Paint Films by Fungal or Algal Growth, or Soil and Dirt
Accumulation
E2756 Terminology Relating to Antimicrobial and Antiviral Agents
3. Terminology
3.1 For definitions of terms used in this standard refer to Terminology E2756.
3.2 Definitions:
1
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee E35 on Pesticides, Antimicrobials, and Alternative Control Agentsand is the direct responsibility of
Subcommittee E35.15 on Antimicrobial Agents.
Current edition approved Oct. 1, 2009Feb. 15, 2015. Published November 2009June 2015. Originally approved in 1991. Last previous edition approved in 20042009 as
E1428 – 99(2004).(2009). DOI: 10.1520/E1428-99R09.10.1520/E1428-15.
2
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM Standards
volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on the ASTM website.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1
---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
E1428 − 15
3.2.1 microbially induced staining—undesirable pigmentation or disfiguration of an object due to surface colonization by certain
microorganisms.
3.2.1.1 Discussion—
Both bacteria and fungi produce metabolic pigments that can result in surface stains on susceptible objects.
3.2.2 Pink stain organism, n—refers to a staining phenomena caused by a metabolic pigment produced by actinomycete bacteria
3
specifically, Streptomyces species ATCC 25607 (deposited as Streptoverticillium reticulum).
4. Summary of Test Method
4.1 Test specimens are placed on an agar surface inoculated with Streptoverticillium reticulumspecies and incubated. After
incubation, test specimens are rated visually by percentage of sample area stained.
5. Significance and Use
5.1 Methods such as D3273 Standard Test Method for Resistance to Growth of Mold on the Surface o
...
Questions, Comments and Discussion
Ask us and Technical Secretary will try to provide an answer. You can facilitate discussion about the standard in here.