ASTM D1840-01

Standard Test Method for Naphthalene Hydrocarbons in Aviation Turbine Fuels by Ultraviolet Spectrophotometry

SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers the determination, by ultraviolet spectrophotometry, of the total concentration of naphthalene, acenaphthene, and alkylated derivatives of these hydrocarbons in straight-run jet fuels containing not more than 5 % of such components and having end points below 315°C (600°F). This test method determines the maximum amount of naphthalenes that could be present.
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard. The values stated in inch-pound units are for information only.
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. For specific precautionary statements see 8.1 and 8.2.

General Information

• Status: Historical
• Publication Date: 09-Nov-2001
• ICS: 75.160.20 - Liquid fuels
• Technical Committee: D02 - Petroleum Products, Liquid Fuels, and Lubricants
• Drafting Committee: D02.04.0F - Absorption Spectroscopic Methods

Relations

• Replaces: ASTM D1840-96 - Standard Test Method for Naphthalene Hydrocarbons in Aviation Turbine Fuels by Ultraviolet Spectrophotometry
• Effective Date: 10-Nov-2001
• Replaced By: ASTM D1840-02 - Standard Test Method for Naphthalene Hydrocarbons in Aviation Turbine Fuels by Ultraviolet Spectrophotometry
• Effective Date: 10-Nov-2002
• Referred By: ASTM D4790-23 - Standard Terminology of Aromatic Hydrocarbons and Related Chemicals
• Effective Date: 10-Nov-2001
• Referred By: ASTM D1655-23 - Standard Specification for Aviation Turbine Fuels
• Effective Date: 10-Nov-2001
• Referred By: ASTM D7223-21 - Standard Specification for Aviation Certification Turbine Fuel
• Effective Date: 10-Nov-2001
• Referred By: ASTM D2269-10(2020) - Standard Test Method for Evaluation of White Mineral Oils by Ultraviolet Absorption
• Effective Date: 10-Nov-2001
• Referred By: ASTM D8305-19 - Standard Test Method for The Determination of Total Aromatic Hydrocarbons and Total Polynuclear Aromatic Hydrocarbons in Aviation Turbine Fuels and other Kerosene Range Fuels by Supercritical Fluid Chromatography
• Effective Date: 10-Nov-2001
• Referred By: ASTM D6615-22 - Standard Specification for Jet B Wide-Cut Aviation Turbine Fuel
• Effective Date: 10-Nov-2001
• Referred By: ASTM D7566-22a - Standard Specification for Aviation Turbine Fuel Containing Synthesized Hydrocarbons
• Effective Date: 10-Nov-2001
• Referred By: ASTM D8147-17(2023) - Standard Specification for Special-Purpose Test Fuels for Aviation Compression-Ignition Engines
• Effective Date: 10-Nov-2001

Standards Content (Sample)

NOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or discontinued.
Contact ASTM International (www.astm.org) for the latest information.
An American National Standard
Designation: D 1840 – 01
Standard Test Method for
Naphthalene Hydrocarbons in Aviation Turbine Fuels by
1
Ultraviolet Spectrophotometry
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D 1840; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (e) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
This test method has been adopted for use by government agencies to replace Method 3704 of Federal Test Method Standard No. 791b.
1. Scope 3.1.1.1 radiant energy, n—energy transmitted as electro-
magnetic waves.
1.1 This test method covers the determination, by ultraviolet
3.1.1.2 radiant power, P, n—the rate at which energy is
spectrophotometry, of the total concentration of naphthalene,
transported in a beam of radiant energy.
acenaphthene, and alkylated derivatives of these hydrocarbons
3.2 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:
in straight-run jet fuels containing not more than 5 % of such
3.2.1 transmittance, T, n—the molecular property of a
components and having end points below 315°C (600°F). This
substance that determines its transportability of radiant power
test method determines the maximum amount of naphthalenes
expressed by
that could be present.
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the T 5 P/P (1)
o
standard. The values stated in inch-pound units are for infor-
where:
mation only.
P = radiant power passing through the sample, and
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the
P = radiant power incident upon the sample.
o
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
3.2.2 absorbance, A, n—the molecular property of a sub-
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
stance that determines its ability to take up radiant power,
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-
expressed by
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use. For specific
A 5 log ~1/T!52log T (2)
precautionary statements see 8.1 and 8.2. 10 10
where:
2. Referenced Documents
T = transmittance as defined in 3.2.1.
2.1 ASTM Standards:
3.2.2.1 Discussion—It may be necessary to correct the
2
E 131 Terminology Relating to Molecular Spectroscopy
observed transmittance (indicated by the spectrophotometer)
E 169 Practices for General Techniques of Ultraviolet-
by compensating for reflectance losses, solvent absorption
2
Visible Quantitative Analysis
losses, or refraction effects.
E 275 Practice for Describing and Measuring Performance
3.2.3 absorptivity, a, n—the specific property of a substance
of Ultraviolet, Visible, and Near Infrared Spectrophotom-
to absorb radiant power per unit sample concentration and
2
eters
pathlength, expressed by
3. Terminology
a 5 A/bc (3)
3.1 Definitions:
where:
3.1.1 Definitions of terms and symbols relating to absorp-
A = absorbance defined in 3.2.2,
tion spectroscopy in this test method shall conform to Termi-
b = sample cell path length, and
nology E 131. Terms of particular significance are the follow-
c = quantity of absorbing substance contained in a unit
ing:
volume of solvent.
3.2.3.1 Discussion—Quantitative ultraviolet analyses are
based upon the absorption law, known as Beer’s law. The law
1
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D02 on
states that the absorbance of a homogeneous sample containing
Petroleum Products and Lubricants and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee
D02.04 on Hydrocarbon Analysis.
an absorbing substance is directly proportional to the concen-
Current edition approved Nov. 10, 2001. Published January 2002. Originally
tration of the absorbing substance at a single wavelength,
published as D 1840 – 61 T. Last previous edition D 1840 – 96.
2 expressed by
Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 03.06.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.
1

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NOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or discontinued.
Contact ASTM International (www.astm.org) for the latest information.
D 1840
A 5 abc (4)
or holmium oxide solution at 287.1 nm. At the 0.4 absorbance
level in the spectral region between 240 and 300 nm, absor-
where:
bance measurements shall be repeatable within 60.5 % or
A = absorbance as defined in 3.2.2,
better. In the absorbance range encompassing 0.2 to 0.8, the
a = absorptivity as defined in 3.2.3,
photometric accuracy shall not differ by more than 60.5 % of
b = sample cell pathlength, and
samples whose absorbance has been established by a standard-
c = quantity of absorbing substance contained in a unit
izing laboratory.
...