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ASTM D6031-96(2004)

(Test Method)

Standard Test Method for Logging In Situ Moisture Content and Density of Soil and Rock by the Nuclear Method in Horizontal, Slanted, and Vertical Access Tubes

Standard Test Method for Logging In Situ Moisture Content and Density of Soil and Rock by the Nuclear Method in Horizontal, Slanted, and Vertical Access Tubes

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
This test method is useful as a repeatable, nondestructive technique to monitor in-place density and moisture of soil and rock along lengthy sections of horizontal, slanted, and vertical access holes or tubes. With proper calibration in accordance with Annex A1, this test method can be used to quantify changes in density and moisture content of soil and rock.
This test method is used in vadose zone monitoring, for performance assessment of engineered barriers at waste facilities, and for research related to monitoring the movement of liquids (water solutions and hydrocarbons) through soil and rock. The nondestructive nature of the test allows repetitive measurements at a site and statistical analysis of results.
The fundamental assumptions inherent in this test method are that the dry bulk density of the test material is constant and that the response to fast neutrons and gammaray energy associated with soil and liquid chemistry is constant.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers collection and comparison of logs of thermalized-neutron counts and back-scattered gamma counts along horizontal or vertical air-filled access tubes.  
1.2 The in-situ water content in mass per unit volume and the density in mass per unit volume of soil and rock at positions or in intervals along the length of an access tube are calculated by comparing the thermal neutron count rate and gamma count rates respectively to previously established calibration data.  
1.3 The values stated in SI units are regarded as the standard. The inch-pound units given in parentheses may be approximate and are provided for information only.  
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. For specific hazards, see Section 6.

General Information

Status
Historical
Publication Date
31-Oct-2004
ICS
71.040.50 - Physicochemical methods of analysis
Technical Committee
D18 - Soil and Rock
Drafting Committee
D18.21 - Groundwater and Vadose Zone Investigations
Current Stage
Ref Project

Relations

Replaces
ASTM D6031-96 - Standard Test Method for Logging In Situ Moisture Content and Density of Soil and Rock by the Nuclear Method in Horizontal, Slanted, and Vertical Access Tubes
Effective Date
01-Nov-2004
Replaced By
ASTM D6031/D6031M-96(2010)e1 - Standard Test Method for Logging In Situ Moisture Content and Density of Soil and Rock by the Nuclear Method in Horizontal, Slanted, and Vertical Access Tubes
Effective Date
01-Aug-2010

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ASTM D6031-96(2004) - Standard Test Method for Logging In Situ Moisture Content and Density of Soil and Rock by the Nuclear Method in Horizontal, Slanted, and Vertical Access TubesASTM D6031-96(2004) - Standard Test Method for Logging In Situ Moisture Content and Density of Soil and Rock by the Nuclear Method in Horizontal, Slanted, and Vertical Access Tubes
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ASTM D6031-96(2004) - Standard Test Method for Logging In Situ Moisture Content and Density of Soil and Rock by the Nuclear Method in Horizontal, Slanted, and Vertical Access Tubes
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Standards Content (Sample)

NOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or withdrawn.
Contact ASTM International (www.astm.org) for the latest information
Designation:D6031–96 (Reapproved 2004)
Standard Test Method for
Logging In Situ Moisture Content and Density of Soil and
Rock by the Nuclear Method in Horizontal, Slanted, and
1
Vertical Access Tubes
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D6031; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope D2922 TestMethodsforDensityofSoilandSoil-Aggregate
3
in Place by Nuclear Methods (Shallow Depth)
1.1 This test method covers collection and comparison of
D2937 Test Method for Density of Soil in Place by the
logs of thermalized-neutron counts and back-scattered gamma
Drive-Cylinder Method
counts along horizontal or vertical air-filled access tubes.
D3017 Test Method for Water Content of Soil and Rock in
1.2 The in situ water content in mass per unit volume and
Place by Nuclear Methods (Shallow Depth)
thedensityinmassperunitvolumeofsoilandrockatpositions
D4428/D4428M Test Methods for Crosshole Seismic Test-
or in intervals along the length of an access tube are calculated
ing
by comparing the thermal neutron count rate and gamma count
D4564 Test Method for Density and Unit Weight of Soil in
rates respectively to previously established calibration data.
Place by the Sleeve Method
1.3 The values stated in SI units are regarded as the
D5195 Test Method for Density of Soil and Rock In-Place
standard. The inch-pound units given in parentheses may be
at Depths Below Surface by Nuclear Methods
approximate and are provided for information only.
D5220 TestMethodforWaterMassperUnitVolumeofSoil
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the
and Rock In-Place by the Neutron Depth Probe Method
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
3. Significance and Use
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-
3.1 This test method is useful as a repeatable, nondestruc-
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use. For specific
tive technique to monitor in-place density and moisture of soil
hazards, see Section 6.
and rock along lengthy sections of horizontal, slanted, and
2. Referenced Documents vertical access holes or tubes. With proper calibration in
2
accordance with Annex A1, this test method can be used to
2.1 ASTM Standards:
quantify changes in density and moisture content of soil and
D1452 PracticeforSoilExplorationandSamplingbyAuger
rock.
Borings
3.2 This test method is used in vadose zone monitoring, for
D1586 Test Method for Penetration Test (SPT) and Split-
performance assessment of engineered barriers at waste facili-
Barrel Sampling of Soils
ties, and for research related to monitoring the movement of
D1587 Practice forThin-WalledTube Sampling of Soils for
liquids (water solutions and hydrocarbons) through soil and
Geotechnical Purposes
rock. The nondestructive nature of the test allows repetitive
D2113 Practice for Rock Core Drilling and Sampling of
measurements at a site and statistical analysis of results.
Rock for Site Investigation
3.3 The fundamental assumptions inherent in this test
D2216 Test Methods for Laboratory Determination of Wa-
method are that the dry bulk density of the test material is
ter (Moisture) Content of Soil and Rock by Mass
constant and that the response to fast neutrons and gammaray
energy associated with soil and liquid chemistry is constant.
1
ThistestmethodisunderthejurisdictionofASTMCommitteeD18onSoiland
4. Interferences
Rock and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D18.21 on GroundWater and
Vadose Zone Investigations.
4.1 The sample heterogeneity and chemical composition of
Current edition approved Nov. 1, 2004. Published December 2004. Originally
the material under test will affect the measurement of both
approved in 1996. Last previous edition approved in 1996 as D6031–96. DOI:
10.1520/D6031-96R04.
moisture and density.The apparatus should be calibrated to the
2
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
3
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on Withdrawn. The last approved version of this historical standard is referenced
the ASTM website. on www.astm.org.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.
1

---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
D6031–96 (2004)
material under test at a similar density of dry soil or rock and establish conditions for a reproducible reference count rate. It
in the similar type and orientation
...

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3.1 This test method is useful as a repeatable, nondestructive technique to monitor in-place density and moisture of soil and rock along lengthy sections of horizontal, slanted, and vertical access holes or tubes. With proper calibration in accordance with Annex A1, this test method can be used to quantify changes in density and moisture content of soil and rock.  
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1.1 This test method covers collection and comparison of logs of thermalized-neutron counts and back-scattered gamma counts along horizontal or vertical air-filled access tubes.  
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1.3 The values stated in either inch-pound units or SI units [presented in brackets] are to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated in each system may not be exact equivalents; therefore, each system shall be used independently of the other. Combining values from the two systems may result in non-conformance with the standard.  
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SCOPE
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1.7 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical conversions to SI units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard.  
1.8 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. Specific warning statements are given in Section 8.  
1.9 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

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ASTM
ASTM G136-03(2023)e1(Practice)
Standard Practice for Determination of Soluble Residual Contaminants in Materials by Ultrasonic Extraction

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 This practice is suitable for the determination of extractable substances that may be found in materials used in systems or components requiring a high level of cleanliness, such as oxygen systems. Soft goods, such as seals and valve seats, may be tested as received. Gloves and wipes, or samples thereof, to be used in cleaning operations may be evaluated prior to use to ensure that the proposed extracting agent does not extract or deposit chemicals, or both, on the surface to be cleaned.  
5.2 Wipes or other cleaning equipment may be tested after use to determine the amount of contaminant removed from a surface.
Note 1: The amount of material extracted may be dependent upon the frequency and power density of the ultrasonic unit.  
5.3 The extraction efficiency has been shown to vary with the frequency and power density of the ultrasonic unit. The unit, therefore, must be carefully evaluated to optimize the extraction conditions.
SCOPE
1.1 This practice may be used to extract nonvolatile and semivolatile residues from materials such as new and used gloves, new and used wipes, component soft goods, and so forth. When used with proposed cleaning materials (wipes, gloves, and so forth), this practice may be used to determine the potential of the proposed solvent or other fluids to extract contaminants (plasticizers, residual detergents, brighteners, and so forth) and deposit them on the surface being cleaned.  
1.2 This practice is not suitable for the evaluation of particulate contamination.  
1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.  
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.5 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

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